ĐỀ CƯƠNG HỌC KÌ 1 LỚP 12

SAMPLE TEST
Read the following advertisement and mark the letters A, B, C and D on your answer sheet to indicate
the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
LIVING IN A MODERN CITY
"How will I navigate this city? Will it be exciting or will it be really (1) _____?" Are these the questions
that you often ask yourself before a (2) _____? But that’s all going to change! A new urban development
project has introduced a system (3) _____ 'Smart City'. Now, you can connect with your community and
access resources efficiently. When you move into the city, you can explore local services (4) _____
everyone in the area. You will also see what’s available in your neighbourhood. Then, you can choose what
amenities you want to utilise. If you want to learn about events and (5) _____ community groups, check
out the city’s online platform. And if you prefer (6) _____ nature and visiting parks, look at the
environmental initiatives!
(Adapted from Urban Development)
Question 1: A. boring B. bored C. boringly D. boredom
Question 2: A. long city journey B. long journey city
C. city long journey D. journey long city
Question 3: A. which called B. calling C. was called D. called
Question 4: A. for B. in C. by D. to
Question 5: A. do B. make C. create D. have
Question 6: A. to enjoying B. enjoy C. enjoying D. to enjoy
Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option
that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.
Urbanization in the New Century!
 Urbanization in the new century is rapidly transforming cities around the globe. This shift can lead
to significant economic (7)_________, but it also poses challenges such as increased pollution and
congestion.
 (8)_________ the location, urbanization affects communities, prompting the need for innovative
solutions.
 The (9)________of green spaces and public amenities often struggles to (10)_________with
growing populations.
 (11)________key aspect is the integration of technology, which helps improve transportation and
resource management. Understanding urbanization is essential for creating vibrant, livable
(12)________ for future generations!
Question 7. A. growth B. formation C. destruction D. integration
Question 8. A. Irrespective of B. In addition to C. On account of D. According
to
Question 9. A. portion B. item C. number D. amount
Question 10. A. bring up B. put up C. keep pace D. run away
Question 11. A. Others B. Other C. The others D. Another
Question 12. A. accommodations B. spaces C. decorations D. services
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or
sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.
Question 13
a. Sarah: Wow, the city has changed so much in the last few years!
b. John: I know, right? New parks and shops are popping up everywhere.
c. Sarah: It makes me wonder how all this development will impact the community.
A. c-a-b B. b-c-a C. c-b-a D. a-b-c
Question 14
a. Sam: It can create vibrant neighbourhoods but may also lead to gentrification.
b. Sam: I'm going to study urban planning to understand it better.
c. Jamie: And it can affect public services, like transportation and housing, right?
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d. Jamie: Why is urbanization important?
e. Jamie: How do you think it impacts community life?
A. c-b-a-e-d B. c-e-d-b-a C. d-a-c-e-b D. d-b-e-a-c
Question 15
Hi Jamie,
a. You know, we should discuss our thoughts on urbanization sometime. What do you think?
b. Thanks so much for the articles on urbanization you sent me last week.
c. It’s really fascinating to learn about how cities evolve and their impact on our communities, but I’ve
been busy with work lately, so I’m focusing on my research for now.
d. Thanks also for the recommendation of that documentary on urban planning — it’s much more
insightful than the ones I’ve seen before.
e. Still, it was interesting to read those articles.
Write back soon.
Sam
A. d-b-a-c-e B. b-c-e-d-a C. a-d-b-c-e D. a-c-d-b-e
Question 16
a. While staying on trend is vital, attending fashion shows for inspiration is a minor compromise.
b. I naturally chose a job in the fashion sector because of my passion for creativity and design.
c. Over the past year, I have thrived at a renowned fashion house, where I actively contribute to innovative
designs that captivate our customers.
d. Ultimately, I find deep satisfaction in utilizing fashion as a powerful medium to effectively communicate
my creative work and artistic vision.
e. Collaborating with diverse designers enriches my perspective and enhances our collections.
A. b-c-e-a-d B. a-b-c-d-e C. b-c-d-a-e D. c-a-d-b-e
Question 17
a. However, despite this rapid growth, Riverton still lacks adequate public transportation, with the nearest
bus station over two miles away from the centre.
b. Once peaceful green spaces along Main Street and River Road have been transformed into residential
complexes, reflecting a shift toward urbanization.
c. Consequently, the population has surged by 30% due to new residents moving in, which has led to
significant traffic congestion during peak hours.
d. This residential development has attracted various businesses, from cafes to grocery stores,
invigorating the local economy and making Riverton increasingly vibrant.
e. Riverton has experienced dramatic changes over the past decade.
A. e-b-d-c-a B. d-c-a-b-e C. d-e-a-b-c D. d-e-b-c-a
Read the following passage about Urbanization and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the option that best fits each numbered blank from 18 to 22.
Urbanization, a defining trend in the modern world, is reshaping cities and communities globally.
Sustainability (18) ______. In recent years, cities have expanded rapidly, with high-rise buildings replacing
traditional neighbourhoods. At a recent urban development conference, officials discussed the importance
of sustainable practices in managing this growth effectively.
One notable project in urban renewal is spearheaded by a coalition of architects and planners (19)
______. This initiative demonstrates the dynamic changes occurring in urban environments. (20) ______.
The design of the new city park incorporates both natural elements and community spaces. (21) ______.
This innovative approach not only enhances the aesthetic value but also promotes environmental
sustainability.
These urban spaces aim to foster community engagement. With the integration of smart technology, (22)
______.
Question 18:
A. is becoming increasingly important in addressing urban challenges
B. was highlighted in recent studies on city development
C. often leads to significant changes in population dynamics
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 D. has transformed cities into vibrant centres of activity
Question 19:
A. aims to revitalize urban spaces through innovative architecture
B. whose collaborative efforts have led to significant urban renewal
C. that utilizes sustainable practices in urban planning
D. which focuses on integrating technology with urban design
Question 20:
A. Designed to improve quality of life, it focuses on community needs???
B. The goal is to create inclusive environments for all residents
C. These projects intend to enhance urban life through better infrastructure
D. The creation of parks and recreational areas is crucial for urban life
Question 21:
A. It features walking paths and community gardens that encourage biodiversity
B. The park incorporates local flora, creating habitats for wildlife
C. Using local materials, it aims to reflect the community’s heritage
D. The layout is designed to provide a serene escape from city life
Question 22:
A. residents can explore their environment and access city services
B. community engagement is becoming more accessible for all
C. smart technology allows for real-time updates on community events
D. the urban space promotes social interactions and community building
Read the following passage about Urbanization and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the best answer to each question from 23 to 30.
Urbanization is a defining trend of the 21st century, with over half of the world’s population now
residing in urban areas. This rapid growth brings both opportunities and challenges. According to the United
Nations, the global urban population is projected to reach 68% by 2050, leading to increased demands for
housing, transportation, and infrastructure.
Many cities are expanding into megacities, where populations exceed 10 million, such as Tokyo,
Delhi, and Shanghai. While this growth can enhance economic prospects, it often results in overcrowding
and pollution. Urban areas are increasingly recognized as some of the most polluted places on Earth.
In response to these challenges, cities are striving to create sustainable environments. Innovations
in green architecture, public transportation systems, and smart city technologies are being implemented to
improve urban living conditions. For instance, Singapore serves as a model for urban sustainability,
integrating extensive green spaces and efficient public transit.
Technology plays a crucial role in managing urban growth. Smart traffic management systems
and data analytics are helping to alleviate congestion and enhance city services. By leveraging these
advancements, urban planners can better address the needs of residents, fostering liveable and resilient
cities. Furthermore, addressing social inequalities within urban settings is essential. Many cities are
working to ensure that all residents have access to basic services such as education and healthcare. By
promoting inclusive development, urban areas can thrive while supporting diverse populations.
(Adapted from Explore New Worlds)
Question 23. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a benefit of urbanization?
A. Economic growth B. Improved infrastructure
C. Cultural diversity D. Environmental sustainability
Question 24. The word “sustainable” in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to______
A. harmful B. temporary C. outdated D. excessive
Question 25. The word “it” in paragraph 2 refers to______
A. the growth B. urban population C. environment D. advancement
Question 26. The word “thrive” in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by______
A. improve B. differentiate C. modify D. develop
Question 27. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence: Technology plays a
crucial role in managing urban growth in paragraph 4?
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 A. Technology is essential for handling urban growth effectively.
B. Urban growth can only be managed through technology.
C. Without technology, urban growth cannot be managed.
D. Technology is not important for urban growth management.
Question 28. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. All cities are polluted.
B. The global urban population is decreasing.
C. Singapore is an example of sustainable urban practices.
D. Urbanization has no economic benefits.
Question 29. In which paragraph does the writer mention a present causal relationship?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4
Question 30. In which paragraph does the writer explore modern methods for managing urban growth?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4
Read the following passage about the urban shift and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer
sheet to indicate the best answer to the following questions from 31 to 40.
[I] Urbanization has become a defining feature of modern society, with more individuals flocking
to cities than ever before. [II] Currently, about 55% of the global population lives in urban areas, and this
figure is projected to rise to nearly 68% by 2050. [III] This rapid movement from rural to urban settings
brings with it numerous challenges and opportunities. [IV]
The migration to cities is influenced by various push and pull factors. Push factors such as limited
job opportunities and inadequate living conditions in rural areas compel people to seek better prospects
elsewhere. For instance, many rural workers face challenges in accessing education and healthcare,
prompting them to move to urban environments. Conversely, pull factors like better employment prospects,
advanced infrastructure, and a vibrant cultural scene draw people to cities. Urban centres offer diverse job
markets and greater access to amenities that enhance the quality of life.
However, urbanization is not without its issues. The influx of new residents often strains existing
infrastructure and public services. First, overcrowding can lead to housing shortages, pushing many low-
income individuals into informal settlements or slums. These areas typically lack basic services such as
clean water, sanitation, and healthcare. Second, rapid urban growth can result in environmental degradation,
including increased pollution and loss of green spaces.
In conclusion, while urbanization presents significant opportunities for economic and social
development, it also poses challenges that require careful management. By implementing sustainable
urban planning practices, cities can better accommodate growing populations while preserving their
environments and improving residents' quality of life.
(Adapted from BBC News)
Question 31. Where in paragraph I does the following sentence best fit?
Đô thị hóa đã trở thành một đặc điểm nổi bật của xã hội hiện đại, với ngày càng nhiều người đổ về các
thành phố hơn bao giờ hết. Hiện nay, khoảng 55% dân số toàn cầu sống ở các khu vực đô thị, và con số
này được dự đoán sẽ tăng lên gần 68% vào năm 2050. Sự chuyển dịch nhanh chóng từ nông thôn ra đô thị
này mang lại cả thách thức và cơ hội.
"The trend of urban migration shows no signs of slowing down."
A. [I] B. [II] C. [III] D. [IV]
Question 32. The phrase “brings with it” in paragraph 1 could be best replaced by ____.
A. comes up B. leads to C. results from D. shows off
Question 33. The word “them” in paragraph 2 refers to ____.
A. individuals B. cities C. push factors D. many rural
workers
Question 34. According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT a push factor?
A. Limited job opportunities B. Poor healthcare access
C. Urban job prospects D. Inadequate living conditions
Question 35. Which of the following best summarises paragraph 3?
A. Urbanization creates housing issues and environmental concerns for cities.
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 B. Cities are becoming overcrowded due to rural migration, resulting in slums.
C. The rapid growth of urban areas enhances economic opportunities for all.
D. Urban centres struggle with the influx of residents but offer many benefits.
Question 36. The word informal in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to
A. casual B. unregulated C. official D. temporary
Question 37. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Urbanization only benefits those who can afford proper housing.
B. Cities are successfully managing the challenges posed by urban migration.
C. The migration to urban areas is solely driven by economic factors.
D. Both push and pull factors influence the movement of people to cities.
Question 38. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?
A. Urbanization is beneficial but must be approached cautiously to address its challenges.
B. The economic advantages of urbanization far outweigh the challenges it brings.
C. Successful urbanization leads to better living conditions for all city residents.
D. Cities must balance development opportunities with the challenges of urbanization.
Question 39. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Urban areas will continue to grow without any negative impacts.
B. Proper planning can mitigate the challenges of rapid urbanization.
C. The allure of city life will diminish in the coming years.
D. Rural areas will become completely abandoned due to urban migration.
Question 40. Which of the following best summarises the passage?
A. Urban migration is driven by a mix of push and pull factors, leading to significant population
growth in cities and requiring effective planning to address associated challenges.
B. The ongoing trend of urbanization is causing a strain on city resources and infrastructure,
necessitating urgent action to improve living conditions.
C. Urban centres are appealing due to better job opportunities, but this influx is creating environmental
and social issues that need careful attention.
D. While urbanization offers economic growth and cultural experiences, it also results in overcrowding
and slums, making sustainable planning essential.

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