ICT in Education and Society

Introduction to
ICT
Introduction to Information and
Communications Technology

ICT comprises of three key words;

 Introduction to Information and
Communication Technology
Information
 Introduction to Information and
Communication Technology
Communication
 Introduction to Information and
Communication Technology
Technology
 Introduction to Information and
Communication Technology
• According to UNESCO, refers to forms of technology that are used to
transmit, process, store, create, display, share or exchange
information by electronic means
 Introduction to Information and
Communication Technology
This broad definition of ICT includes such technologies as;
 Introduction to Information and
Communication Technology
Radio
 Introduction to Information and
Communication Technology
Television
 Introduction to Information and
Communication Technology
Video
 Introduction to Information and
Communication Technology
DVD, CD
Introduction to Information and
Communication Technology
Telephone (both fixed line and mobile phones)
 Introduction to Information and
Communication Technology
Satellite systems
 Introduction to Information and
Communication Technology
Computer and network hardware and software
 Introduction to Information and
Communication Technology
As well as the equipment and services associated with these
technologies, such as videoconferencing, e-mail and blogs.
 Question

How can they above technologies be used in education and industry?

End of introduction
 ICT
What is ICT?
• ICT stands for Information and Communications Technology.
• Two technologies make up ICT, and these are:
• Information Technology
• Communications Technology
What is Information Technology?
• IT is a combination of facilities for collecting, storing,
retrieval and processing of information.
• IT can be manual or electronic.
• The major component of electronic information technology
is the computer.
What is Communications Technology?
• Communications Technology is a collection of facilities for
transmission and reception of information.
• Communications Technology can be manual or electronic.
• The major components of electronic Communications
Technology are computers and telecommunications
facilities.
Question
• What is society?
• In your own view, how does ICT affect society?
• How does ICT affect education?
IMPORTANCE OF ICT IN EDUCATION
ICT is important in education for many reasons.
• ICT is important for enhancing education management, teaching and
learning.
• It is important to education authorities, e.g. educational planners and
education administrators.
• It is important to teachers and students.
IMPORTANCE OF ICT TO STUDENTS
Students can also use ICT in many ways, e.g.
• Research for study materials, e.g. use of the Internet.
• Communication with teachers, sponsors, parents and friends.
• Production of learning resources, e.g. notes and assignments.
• As a tool for self-paced learning, e.g. use of audio, video and virtual
classrooms.
IMPORTANCE OF ICT TO TEACHERS
Teachers can use ICT in many ways, e.g.
• Processing and storage of assignments, tests and
examinations.
• Processing and storage of students records.
• Research and development of teaching
resources.
• Communication with students and school
managers.
IMPORTANCE OF ICT TO EDUCATION PLANNERS AND
ADMINISTRATORS
Planners and administrators use ICTs for various
purposes, e.g.
• Processing of information
• Storage of information
• Efficient communication with schools, partners, sponsors
and parents.
IMPORTANCE OF ICT IN BUSINESS
ICT plays a vital role in modern business. Some of the benefits of ICT in
business are as follows:
• Large storage for data and information.
• Fast retrieval of data or information.
• Fast and accurate processing of data.
• Fast communication of information.
IMPORTANCE OF ICT IN BUSINESS (Continued)

• Reduction in the cost of storage facilities.

• Reduction in the number of staff employed to do routine tasks.
• Complex calculations can greatly be simplified.
• E-commerce
• E-banking
• E-marketing and e-advertising
• Access to vast amounts of information
SOME DISADVANTAGES OF ICTs IN EDUCATION
• Some people place so much dependency on ICTs at the expense of
their human skills.
• ICTs have been known to disrupt social fabrics in society or
communities.
• The quality of work goes down because of “too much information
available”, especially on the web.
SOME DISADVANTAGES OF ICTs IN EDUCATION
(Continued)

• Cases of plagiarism (i.e. intellectual theft) and piracy (i.e. illegal

copying of media) become on the increase.
• Some social vices like pornography become more popular at the
expense of study materials.
LIMITATIONS OF COMPUTERS
Because ICT depends heavily on computers,
• Computers have limitations, i.e. they cannot be
expected to do everything.
• Computers have limitations because of the fact that
they are programmed machines.
• As programmed machines, computers can only
manage to do work which is specified in their
programs.
• Computers cannot be used to perform new tasks
whose programs have not been made and installed.
ICTs in Education and the Office
EXAMPLES OF ICTs USED IN EDUCATION
• Many ICTs can be used in education such as the
following:
• Cell phones
• TVs
• Audio tapes
• Video tapes
• Radios
• CDs
• DVDs
• Computers
• Internet
Dilemmas Realities

 Analyze Educational
objectives
 Determine Objective for ICT
•Monolithic
•Vendors
 Understand Potential of ICTs
Decision •Belief
Maker •Automatic
•Parents
 Examine suitability of ICTs
Myths •Doubt
 Plan program of investment
•Computers
•Business
•Wait prerequisites
 Implement
and •Techies
•Substitute
corequisites
 Evaluate and adjust
continuously
Necessity of ICTs

Effective Learning
•Globalization of
•Economy
•Information
• Tech Innovations For All
• Knowledge-based
•Economy
•Society
Anytime
•Escalating Demand
for Education

Anywhere
ICTs for What Purpose
ICTs for Learning Objectives

Learning Objective Technology

Text Audio Video Computer Internet

Storage or display x x x x x

Exploration x x x x x
Application x x x

Analysis x x

Evaluation x x x x x
Constructing or design of x x x
project
 ICTs for What Purpose
ICTs for Teaching Objectives
Teaching Objective Technology

Text Audio Video Computer Internet

Presentation x x x x x

Demonstration x x x x x

Drill and practice x (e.g., Language x x

lab)

Animation and simulation x x

Research x x x x x

Collaboration/ communication networked x

Management of student learning x x x

ICTs for What Purpose
ICTs and the School
Technologies on Location Technologies at a Distance
Printed matter Correspondence
Slides, transparencies

Scanners

Digital notepads and white boards

Audiotapes Radio
Films and videos TV broadcasts
Digital books Web pages
CDs Web: Internet, intranet
Computer projection Webcast
 Access

Community
Efficiency
Linkages

Potential
Planning & Of
Learning
Management ICTs

Lifelong
Teaching
Learning

Skill Formation
 FACE TO FACE LEARNING

• Traditional learning involves face to face contact.

• This is a type of learning in which the learner and the teacher are
physically in the same place at the same time.
 DISADVANTAGES OF F2F

Some of the disadvantages of face to face learning are as follows:

• Most learners do not take control of their own learning.
• Learning is more teacher-centred instead of being learner-centred.
• As a result, learners tend to concentrate on rote learning.
DISADVANTAGES OF F2F (Continued)

• Most learners tend to think that learning only takes place in a

classroom.
• Many potential learners cannot have access to education due to
limited learning opportunities offered by schools.
• Schools tend to mix learners of different abilities in classrooms.
E-LEARNING AND M-LEARNING (Continued)

• E-learning includes Web-based learning, computer-based learning,

virtual education opportunities and digital collaboration
• Content is delivered via the Internet, intranet/extranet, audio or video
tape, satellite TV, and CD-ROM.
E-LEARNING AND M-LEARNING (Continued)

• M-learning, is the type of learning in which the learner is not at a

fixed or predetermined location.
• It is also defined as the type of learning offered in such a way that the
learner uses mobile technologies to support his/her learning.
E-LEARNING AND M-LEARNING (Continued)

• E-learning stands for electronic learning, and m-

learning stands for mobile-learning.
• E-learning and m-learning are part of what is called
flexible and blended learning, abbreviated FaB.
• E-learning is the type of learning that employs
electronic equipment to support learning.
End of ICT in Education