0% found this document useful (0 votes)

74 views90 pages

Compendium of Best Practices in Urban Heritage Management - Niua

The document is a compendium by the National Institute of Urban Affairs that focuses on best practices in Urban Heritage Management, particularly through the lens of the Historic Urban Landscape (HUL) approach recommended by UNESCO. It aims to integrate cultural heritage into urban planning and development, addressing the challenges posed by rapid urbanization and the need for sustainable development. The compendium includes case studies from various cities worldwide, showcasing successful strategies for preserving cultural heritage while accommodating urban growth.

Uploaded by

Paryul

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

0% found this document useful (0 votes)

74 views90 pages

Compendium of Best Practices in Urban Heritage Management - Niua

Uploaded by

Paryul

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

You are on page 1/ 90

Published by

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF URBAN AFFAIRS, NEW DELHI

2022

National Institute of Urban Affairs

1st and 2nd floor Core 4B,
India Habitat Centre,
Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110003
India
www.niua.in
Compendium of
Best Practices in Urban Heritage
Management
with a focus on the Historic Urban Landscape approach
This compendium is prepared to bring together the concepts of Historic Urban Landscape (HUL) approach, as
recommended by UNESCO in 2011 and the Indian and international best practices in Urban Heritage Management
following the HUL approach.

Cover Image
Original Image by: Abdulaziz Mohammed (Unsplash)
Edits by: Taha Mama, Student at Jindal School of Art and Architecture and Academic Intern-NIUA

Research and compilation by:

Deepali Bakshi, Senior Urban Planner, NIUA
Meenakshi Pawar, Research Associate, NIUA
Karan Patil, Intern, NIUA
Harshitha Pemmasanni, Intern, NIUA

Edited & Guided by:

Mayura Gadkari, Project Coordinator, NIUA
D Ajay Suri, Senior Adviser-Inclusive Development, NIUA

This book is compiled from secondary research only. While every effort has been made to ensure the correctness of
data/information used in this compilation, NIUA does not accept any legal liability for the accuracy or inferences drawn from the
material contained therein or for any consequences arising from the use of this material. No part of this document may be
reproduced in any form (electronic or mechanical) without prior permission from NIUA. Depiction of boundaries shown in the maps
are not authoritative. The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on these maps do not imply official
endorsement or acceptance. These maps are prepared for visual and cartographic representation of tabular data. All the pictures
credited to the owner specified and otherwise belong to NIUA.
Foreword
India, along with other countries has seen rapid Assistance offered by the World Bank and Cities
urbanisation in recent years, with an expected rise Alliance.
by 2050, when around half of the total population is Following its experience and excellence since 1976,
expected to live in towns and cities, resulting in a NIUA has actively worked with historic cities around
rise in rural to urban migration. This is likely to the country, including Ahmedabad, Jodhpur,
result in rapid and uncontrolled infrastructure Nawalgarh, Vijaypura, and a few other cities in
development, which often takes place at the Rajasthan and Karnataka to mainstream the agenda
expense of natural ecosystems and citizens’ well- of managing cultural heritage while aiming for
being. While the cities continue to sprawl to sustainable urban development. In the process, we
accommodate additional infrastructure and growing have partnered with expert organisations such as
population, the inner cores of Indian cities often UNESCO for identifying and documenting model
turn into habitats for the urban poor. Research practices followed across different cities in India and
often shows that migrants occupy the inner-city internationally. NIUA is glad to launch The
cores in bigger cities, which offer affordable housing Compendium of the Best Practices in Urban
options. Heritage Management with a focus on UNESCO’s
While we continue to develop our cities for the Historic Urban Landscape approach and how it has
future, it is imperative to acknowledge the fact that been followed in different cities around the world.
cities are often identified by their cultural roots The document is a compilation of different practices
reflected through both tangible and intangible from cities across the globe to preserve the cultural
heritage. There is a deep relationship between heritage in growing urban cities using strategic
cultural heritage and urban planning to preserve planning, knowledge, and financial tools.
and uphold the city’s historic significance and at the I appreciate the efforts of the NIUA team for their
same time accommodate the soaring migration in dedication to producing this compendium. I hope
urban centres. Understanding this, various national this effort is beneficial for other cities to navigate
and international organisations have put efforts to through cultural perspectives in their city planning.
integrate heritage management into city planning
and development.
National Institute of Urban Affairs (NIUA) with its Hitesh Vaidya
focus on developing, disseminating and managing Director, National Institute of Urban Affairs
knowledge and information, policy advocacy and
capacity building has evolved as a leading national
think tank for urban development in India. When
the Government of India took an initiative to
identify and manage cultural heritage in historic
cities of the country with the Heritage City
Development Augmentation Yojana in 2015, NIUA
was the National Programme Management Unit
(NPMU) and supported the National Mission
Directorate in implementing the scheme in 12
shortlisted cities from 10 states. NIUA’s work was
focused on knowledge capture, capacity building
and mainstreaming policy through Technical
© Mayura Gadkari
Preface
National Institute of Urban Affairs’ work on Urban Heritage

Historic cities in India have played an exceptional role in shortlisted cities in ten states. The scheme aimed at
contributing to knowledge of the development of urban upgrading and augmenting the infrastructure at select
planning and infrastructure in the world. However, we sites while protecting each city’s identity. NIUA in the
are at a turning point today with the rural-urban role of NPMU, also focused on policy mainstreaming &
transition and the resultant urbanisation engulfing small knowledge management through a technical assistance,
historic settlements and turning the inner cities into low- under the auspices of World Bank & Cities Alliance as a
income housing clusters. Having said that, these still part of the Inclusive Revitalisation of Historic Towns
remain the nuclei of all economic activity. Thus, it is and Cities in India programme (phase II of IHCDP),
apparent that globally, historic cores and cities need a where it organised knowledge sharing events on urban
strategic approach for integrating their heritage assets revitalisation, where public officials and state/city
into mainstream development planning principles. managers were sensitised through capacity building
UNESCO, a specialised agency of the United Nations workshops and exposure visits.
aimed at promoting world peace and security through During the implementation of the HRIDAY scheme,
international cooperation in education, the sciences, and NIUA, placed as a national level think-tank took its role in
culture, recognised these challenges back in 2005, when the mission forward by supporting two states further in
it started the discourse on identifying a historic area their conservation efforts. It assisted Government of
beyond a single site. Hence, the site-based approach was Rajasthan in developing a ‘Strategic Framework for
converted to an area-based approach over the years Rajasthan State Heritage Programme’ that aimed to
through the. ‘Recommendation of the Historic Urban demonstrate the notion of ‘cultural heritage as a catalyst
Landscape approach in 2011’. for social and economic development’, through a multi -
National Institute of Urban Affairs (NIUA), a think-and-do sectoral approach focusing on physical, social, cultural
tank of the Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs and economic revitalisation of around 50 historic towns
(erstwhile Ministry of Urban Development) established and cities and related communities in the state. NIUA
in 1976, has been actively working on the subject of was instrumental in setting up the very first State
integrating cultural heritage with the urban Heritage Centre of the country in Jaipur, Rajasthan,
development for the past decade. NIUA was a staffed by the Department of Local Self-Government.
knowledge partner for the Inclusive Heritage-based City Further, Heritage Management Plans for two pilot cities
Development Programme (IHCDP) that was undertaken of Jodhpur and Nawalgarh were prepared employing
in 2012-14 by the World Bank and Cities Alliance for the innovative approaches involving multi-department and
Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs. The objective of multi-stakeholder participation and collaboration that
the programme was to pilot innovative approaches and led to strengthening the institutional framework in the
mechanisms for improving the living conditions of the two cities to focus on urban revitalisation. Likewise,
urban poor in historic areas and heritage towns through NIUA assisted the Government of Karnataka in
improved documentation, valuation and management of developing an ‘Integrated heritage-based Urban
city’s unique heritage assets within a city-wide Revitalisation Strategy’ for a pilot region in North
development perspective. Karnataka.
As an outcome of IHCDP, Government of India took a Going further, NIUA also drafted the rules and
forward step towards recognising the tangible heritage regulations for heritage sites and precincts in Surat for
in few historic cities in the country when it launched the the Municipal Corporation of Surat, where certain
Heritage City Development & Augmentation Yojana in innovative instruments and controls were recommended
January 2015, a central sector scheme with a total outlay to change the overall perspective towards urban
of INR 500 crore. NIUA essayed the role of National heritage and leverage these assets of the city. NIUA has
Programme Management Unit (NPMU) for the scheme been consistently working on issues related to urban
where it assisted the Mission Directorate in heritage for the past decade and intends to take this
implementing the activities under the scheme to achieve forward with its partner organisations, central, state
its desired objectives & outcomes in the twelve and city Governments.
© Mayura Gadkari
Contents

Acknowledgements
Foreword
Preface
Introduction
What is Historic Urban Landscape?................................................................................................................. 02
Development of the HUL concept.................................................................................................................... 03
Need for the HUL approach............................................................................................................................. 04
Principle features of HUL................................................................................................................................. 05
Application of HUL........................................................................................................................................... 06
HUL Toolkit...................................................................................................................................................... .07
HUL approach in action…………………................................................................................................................ 08
Achievable outcomes...................................................................................................................................... 10

Indian and International Best Practices of Urban Heritage Management

Ballarat, Australia............................................................................................................................................15
Shanghai, China ..............................................................................................................................................21
Rawalpindi, Pakistan ......................................................................................................................................27
Cuenca, Ecuador .............................................................................................................................................33
Istanbul, Turkey ..............................................................................................................................................39
Jaipur, India ....................................................................................................................................................47
Nawalgarh, India ............................................................................................................................................53
Ajmer-Pushkar, India ......................................................................................................................................59
Hyderabad, India ............................................................................................................................................65
Varanasi, India ................................................................................................................................................71

Summary...........................................................................................................................................76
© Spain.info
What is a Historic Urban Landscape?
Due to the rapid urbanisation in cities, their 2011 after several deliberations (please refer to the
cultural heritage and historical importance are timeline on the opposite page).
habitually neglected, which has led to poor and ‘A Historic Urban Landscape is defined as an
sometimes uninhabitable living conditions in the urban area understood as the result
historic cores. As a response to this, various of historic layering of cultural and natural values
organisations have come forward attempting to and attributes, extending beyond the notion of
strategically conserve urban cultural heritage “historic centre” or “ensemble” to include the
amidst the development scenario. broader urban context and its geographical setting.’
Multiple characteristics such as social, cultural,
economic, typography and others like built form, This approach for managing historic urban
built typology, require a holistic approach to landscapes is holistic, where it integrates the goals
address this challenge. This gradually led to the of urban heritage conservation and those of social
development of the Historic Urban Landscape and economic development.

“
approach that was recommended by UNESCO in

The HUL approach is a flexible approach that moves beyond the preservation of the physical
environment and focuses on the entire human environment with all of its tangible and intangible
qualities. It seeks to increase the sustainability of planning and design interventions by taking into
account the existing built environment, intangible heritage, cultural diversity, socio-economic and
environmental factors along with local community values.

Parameters in HUL Approach Factors in HUL approach

02
Multiple
Development of the HUL Concept Conference Publication Events

2005
The Vienna Memorandum
Declaration on the Conservation of Historic Urban Landscape
The Xi’ An Declaration on the conservation of the setting of the heritage
structures, sites and areas (ICOMOS)

2007
The Conference at St. Petersburg
The Conference at Olinda

2007-10
International debate, case studies and workshops

2010
Draft Recommendation on HUL

2011
UNESCO Recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape

2015
First consolidated report of all the conventions and recommendations
so far

2018
International expert meeting to discuss - The Implementation
of the UNESCO Historic Urban Landscape Recommendation

2019
Second consultation on the 2011 recommendation on Historic Urban
Landscape implementation by member states

2021
UNESCO Recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape
(HUL Recommendation) celebrates its 10th anniversary
Launch of Call to Action on the future of HUL

Source: THE HUL GUIDEBOOK Managing heritage in dynamic and constantly changing
urban environments, A practical guide to UNESCO’s Recommendation on the Historic Urban
Landscape

INTRODUCTION TO HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE APPROACH 03

Need for a holistic approach

“ Culture and values are crucial in determining policy outcomes, ensuring human-centred, inclusive and
equitable development. (WUF 10 Background Paper, UN-Habitat, 2019)

Culture, as an element has long been absent from

the urban landscape when it comes to devising
backbone. However, in the wake of intense
globalisation and an increasing demand for
strategies for future development. However, since modernisation, the local identity and visual integrity
the past decade, global discourse has started of cities, shaped by their distinctive culture and
recognising the important role that culture plays in historic development, are directly impacted. Rapid
sustainable urban development. Our cities are uncontrolled urbanization has led to the
centres of knowledge and cultural diversity and hubs deterioration and destruction of urban heritage,
of businesses and varied industries. They act as threatening the identity and local culture of
crucibles of change and innovation, showcasing the communities and the sense of place in cities.
ways in which societies are developing. In many (THE HUL GUIDEBOOK, 2015: A practical guide to UNESCO’s
ways, cities are the product of both natural and Recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape)
human evolution.
Culture is the constant that mediates between the
past and the present and has the untapped potential
to guide us towards building our future. With the
constant evolution of cities and the countless
challenges that need to be addressed, their culture
inheritance and the tangible and intangible heritage
and legacy that they hold within form their

04
Principle features of the HUL Approach
The HUL approach has evolved through refining and The approach integrates various backend
integration of various concepts. It has broad parameters that contribute towards the
perspective towards development which helps to characteristics of a certain area. Moreover, the
manage conflict between conservation or approach is flexible, dynamic and strive to develop a
preservation of heritage assets and the hybrid solution for development.
development pressure around.

Integrates the social, cultural, environmental and

economical characteristics in planning process 01

A flexible and dynamic approach which helps facilitate

02 development as well as area characteristics conservation

Considers various urban issues and focuses beyond the

HUL approach
heritage conversation and helps to increase city livability 03
Focuses on developing sustainable planning solution for
04 area using multiple scenario development and various set
of matrices

Focuses on developing and providing high infrastructure

services and also involve the people in the process 05

Source: THE HUL GUIDEBOOK Managing heritage in dynamic and constantly changing urban environments, A practical guide to
UNESCO’s Recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape

INTRODUCTION TO HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE APPROACH 05

Application of the
Key HUL Approach
features:
The day-to-day management • Capitalof cities
of the and
Royalother
state of The Historic Urban Landscape (HUL) approach, as
Rajasthan.
dynamic environments involves a careful
• The walled citybalancing promoted
of Jaipur founded in the 2011 UNESCO Recommendation,
in 1727
act about the competing bydemands of different
Sawai Jai Singh II. facilitates a structuring and priority setting of the
groups in the society, in• particular
This is thewith
first regard
plannedtocity needs and wishes in the broader urban
of the country.
allocating of the limited•resources available.
It is a city In thisartistic
with a distinct development
identity. and heritage management process. It
process, the debate often unfolds that pitches also offers clarity and understanding in an often-
heritage conservation against development. complex process. Moreover, as this approach
However, international research and practice in maintains the balance between conservation and
several parts of the world increasingly shows that sustainable development, old areas of cities are
heritage conservation is a viable strategy for inner best suited to adopt this approach.
city revitalisation and urban regeneration.

Traditional Urban Inclusive

Renewal Revitalisation

• Top-down and technical • Bottom-up with involvement of

people and experts
Approach
• Driven by the regulating • Driven by inputs of community
authority; hardly any or less and their needs are kept at the
involvement of community Community centre
participation

• Sector-based interventions • Area-based inventions

Intervention
• Less integration with other • Holistic and integrated;
services; focus on single focus on multi-sectoral
sector for providing facilities approach
Integration

Source: Inclusive Urban Revitalization: Guidelines For Indian Cities, 2014, World Bank Group, Cities Alliance, UNESCO

In 2011, after the UNESCO Recommendation on The programme later progressed to phase-2, called
HUL was published, a few cities were selected to be the Inclusive Revitalisation of Historic Towns and
the Pilot Cities for implementing the HUL approach. Cities. The comparison above shows the principle
In India, the selected cities were Varanasi, Ajmer- differences between the traditional urban renewal
Pushkar and Hyderabad. For the purpose of approach and the renewed Inclusive Revitalisation
implementation, the HUL approach was approach that is based on the UNESCO HUL
contextualised to be called Inclusive Heritage-based Recommendation.
City Development Programme, conceptualised and
financially supported by the World Bank and Cities
Alliance for the Government of India.

06
The HUL Toolkit Key features:
UNESCO’s HUL Guidebook suggests
• Capital of thea Royal
rangestate
of of Although
Rajasthan. these tools are prescribed for
interdisciplinary and innovative tools for
• The walled citysuccessful implementation,
of Jaipur founded in 1727 it is advised that these tools may
management of urban by heritage in complex
Sawai Jai Singh II. be revisited regularly to address continuous
environments. They are •categorised
This is theinto
firstfour broadcity evolution.
planned of the country.
categories namely, Civic• Engagement,
It is a city withKnowledge
a distinct artistic identity.
and Planning, Regulatory Systems and Financial.

Policy Assessment
Vulnerability
Morphology
Planning
Big data
GIS
Publicity
Civic Knowledge
Dialogue
Consultation Engagement and
Community Tools Planning
Empowerment Tools
Cultural Mapping

Regulatory Financial Economics

Grants
Systems Tools
Public-private Cooperation
Tradition

Law
Regulations

Customs
Policies
Plans

Civic Knowledge and Regulatory Financial tools

engagement tools planning tools Systems

Empowers to identify Helps to protect the Helps to setup rules and These tools focuses on
diverse stakeholder and integrity, authenticity of regulations, acts for how to generate income
help to understand and area. Moreover helps in managing of tangible using innovative financial
learn about history of developing the database and intangible elements mechanism to support
community, tradition, which will help to of heritage including and safeguard the
values, needs and improve quality of life social, economic and heritage values of areas.
aspirations. for the area. environment features.

Source: THE HUL GUIDEBOOK Managing heritage in dynamic and constantly changing urban environments, A practical guide to
UNESCO’s Recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape

INTRODUCTION TO HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE APPROACH 07

The HUL approach in action
The HUL approach requires us to take into account different cities, a minimum of six critical steps were
the local context of each historic city. Whilst this will recommended to facilitate the implementation of
result in different approaches for management in the HUL approach.

Undertake comprehensive surveys and mapping of the city’s natural,

cultural and community resources

Reach a reasonable degree of consensus, using participatory planning

and stakeholder consultations, regarding what cultural heritage values
need to be protected for inspiration and enjoyment of present and future
generations, and determining the attributes that carry these values.

Assess the vulnerability of these attributes with regard to socio-

economic pressures and the impacts of climate change.

Integrate urban heritage values and their vulnerability status into a wider
framework of city development, which shall provide indications of areas of
heritage sensitivity that require careful attention to planning, design and
implementation of development projects.

Prioritise policies and actions for conservation and development.

Establish appropriate partnerships and local management frameworks for

each of the identified projects for conservation and development, as well
as for the development of mechanisms for coordination of various activities
between different actors: public, private, and civic.

08
The most comprehensive step of the action plan is are identified for a comprehensive documentation
to map all the layers necessary to devise a holistic exercise. The data layers may vary based on the area
plan for the area. Below is an example from the city and various layers may be added for developing
of Ballarat, Australia where all the possible layers scenarios and selection of priority areas.

Geology

Topography

Hydrology and natural features

Land use pattern and spatial

organization

Built environment

Open space and gardens

Infrastructure networks ( physical and

social infrastructure)

Perceptions and visual relationships

Social and cultural practices and values

of the area

Economic processes and economic

clusters

Tangible and intangible dimension of

heritage, diversity and its identity

Source: Our People, Culture & Place: A plan to sustain Ballarat’s heritage 2017-2030

INTRODUCTION TO HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE APPROACH 09

Achievable Outcomes of the HUL approach
Urban heritage, when dealt with in an appropriate significance. The 250-plus historic cities that have
manner can act as a catalyst for socio-economic been included in the World Heritage List deliver
development through tourism, commercial use, and very significant socio-economic benefits at the local
higher land and property values – thereby providing and national levels - not only through tourism and
the revenues out of which to pay for maintenance, related goods and services, but also through other
restoration and rehabilitation of heritage assets. functions. Urban heritage areas often demand
UNESCO’s HUL Guidebook lists a few achievable enhanced management, because of more and/or
outcomes of the approach. stricter regulations controlling and monitoring the
built environment, which improves planning and
Urban heritage areas generate much higher returns
design if properly executed.
than areas devoid of any cultural historic

More high-end service-sector

Strengthened sense of place
businesses

Improved planning and design Attracting more tourism

activities

High revenues for heritage

Higher land and property values
management and maintenance efforts
Achieving the Sustainable
Development Goals of the New Urban
Agenda
A people or city without the
knowledge of their past
history, origin and culture is
like a tree without roots
– Marcus Garvey

10
The HUL approach directly helps to achieve certain city by providing high end infrastructure services,
outcomes and this in turn leads to several other developing sustainable communities and by
indirect impacts. In terms of the quality of life of the providing employment opportunities, thus boosting
citizens, it impacts their health and income. Some of local economic development.
the indirect benefits also include mitigation of Moreover, in today’s globalisation era, where every
climate change effects, excess urbanization, city competes with the other, the only factor that
amongst others. differentiates them and gives them an identity of
Apart from the enlisted outcomes, the HUL their own are their socio-cultural values, and their
approach contributes to a holistic development of tangible and intangible heritage assets. Right
the area, subsequently increasing its liveability. The implementation of the HUL approach can also aid in
approach aims to improve the old core areas of the building the city’s image on the global platform.

© Kate Bennett © Ian G Dagnall / Alamy Stock Photo

INTRODUCTION TO HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE APPROACH 11

Indian and International Best Practices of
Urban Heritage Management
following the Historic Urban Landscape approach
JAIPUR
VARANASI
NAWALGARH

ISTANBUL, TURKEY RAWALPINDI, PAKISTAN AJMER-

PUSHKAR

HYDERABAD

CUENCA, ECUADOR

SHANGHAI, CHINA BALLARAT,

AUSTRALIA

SPATIAL REPRESENTATION OF BEST PRACTCES OF HUL AROUND THE WORLD AND INDIA
13
© Wayne Sleep, Flickr

BALLARAT
The Golden City
Population Area

1,01,578 739 km2

Governance

Local Authority, Ballarat

Ballarat, a city located in western

Australia which was settled 40,000
years back, has a long historical
significance in the history of the state
of Victoria and Australia. Ballarat is
home to aboriginal people and well
known for the same. In addition, the
city is also known for its gold fields,
which have and continue to play a
major role in the development of the
city. The city became an attraction for
jobs and employment due to the gold
extraction practices, that
subsequently led to people across
various culture being attracted to the
city. This gave rise to a cultural
diversity and development of the
tangible and intangible heritage
assets.
Today, the city is facing several to
climate-change related challenges. In
addition, large amount of migration
is threatening the heritage value of
the city. The city decided to adopt the
HUL framework to combat these
threats and challenges. .

• First Australian city to be a part of the WHITRAP pilot programme.

• Festival, cultural events and gold mines.
• Distinctive cultural identity
• Intact historic streetscape and buildings

15
Heritage of Ballarat
The tangible heritage in Ballarat primarily consists of complex to preserve and conserve its intangible
monuments, which are preserved by the rules, laws, heritage since it depicts the culture, sense and
regulations and by various agencies. The city has practices of the area. The city has come up with
done well to preserve its tangible heritage and also several tools to do the same.
integrated it with the city plans. However, it seems

1
National Heritage Place

Over 60
Places listed on the
Victorian Heritage
Register

Over 10,000
Local Heritage Places

©Paul Carmona

Apart from conserving the cultural heritage, Ballarat place making exercises and cultural tourism package
also has several initiatives for preserving its natural to educate people about the indigenous cultural
heritage that includes forests, water bodies and heritage. The Aboriginal Community Culture is
other ecological features. conserved by using projects like memory tools, time
capsules and inside stories.
The city is also known for using creative ways to
preserve its heritage by establishing cultural
institutes, storytelling platforms, developing historic

16
In the 1850’s, Ballarat urban heritage was born out of the hunt for gold
mines, leading to high population influx.
GOLD

Owing to the gold reserves and mine discoveries, heritage, its landmark buildings, parks and gardens,
several communities migrated to Ballarat in priceless statues and descendants of these pioneers
between 1851-53, which led to different cultures are a lasting legacy of this golden era.
thriving together. The city’s magnificent built

Major Challenges
DEMOGRAPHICS AND POPULATION GROWTH
CLIMATE CHANGE
CULTURE CHANGE

Extreme temperature periods Threat to the original culture of An anticipated 60% population
(hot and cold), a reduction in the city because of high increase by 2040; need for the city
rainfall and an increase in the migration to adapt to the needs, values and
frequency of days with aspirations of a growing and more
extreme rainfall diverse population.

INAPPROPRIATE CHANGING ECONOMIC

DEVELOPMENT FUTURE

Loss of places and settings that As the traditional employment sectors

demonstrate the city’s stories adapt, the city’s economic landscape
and use of places faces a threat of Source - Our People, Culture & Place:
change Ballarat, 2017

Status of HUL implementation

Accepted HUL approach in 2013 Statutory Integration Research and Development

First Australian city to adopt this Integration with local area plan in Research with academic
approach under the pilot programme 2015 institutions to develop tools and
of UNESCO platforms for the approach
Integration with CBD (Central
business district) strategy
The Ballarat Heritage Advisory Participatory workshops, expert
Committee (BHAC) played a crucial Integration with Heritage plan & consultations and background
role strategy plan in 2015 studies

Ballarat, even today is in process of engaging with to best address the new challenges that the city is
the community, adopting strategies and action facing. Actions include delivering plans for local
plans, building policies and developing an effective communities, best practices to plan for the
toolkit for the implementation of HUL framework. aboriginal cultural heritage, a CBD planning package,
Ballarat’s planning tools and practices are evolving and Ballarat Planning scheme review.
17
Tools used

COMMUNITY
ENGAGEMENT TOOLS FINANCE TOOLS

Ballarat Imagine – Ambitious Finance provided from the local

and successful conversation Government budget, international grants,
with its community. research funds and initial funding

Cultural mapping through

www.timecapsuleballarat.com, social Restoration Loan – with low interest rate,
media and www.hulballarat.org.au project grants,
website

Local area participation, advisory

Ballarat’s Heritage Restoration funds
committees and Ballarat Heritage awards

H U L TO O L S

Ballarat strategy plan and layers of Ballarat Heritage Advisory Committee

various plans like heritage plan and local (BHAC) - carries out communication
area plan and collaboration between stakeholders

Decision support and local area info Strong statutory legislation - protect the
kits and briefs. cultural heritage sites and traditions

Protection plan – Ballarat heritage

Online and internal decision support, overlay – Heritage Gaps master plan to
open data and best practice framework protect significant places

KNOWLEDGE AND R E G U L AT O R Y T O O L S
PLANNING TOOLS

18
Key Learnings

1 2
Data systems developed to contain heritage All policy, planning and funding decisions are
data for planning and in order to keep the underpinned by heritage principles
community informed

3 4
Robust system developed to support A thriving, attractive and well presented city
community values which includes heritage with increasing property values, social and
and sustainability economic value

5
Community partnerships established for
advocating for better heritage outcomes and
conservation of local heritage

Hongkou River Area,

Shanghai
Pearl of the Orient
Population Area

10,200 636 km2

Shanghai
Governance

Sub-District Office

Shanghai is one of the four direct-

administered municipalities of
the People's Republic of China,
governed by the State Council. The
city started developing during the
U.S.-China concession (an arrangement
where a piece of land is granted or leased
directly by the Chinese government to a
foreign government in return for the payment
of a nominal ground rent) period which
led to the development of several
road networks. The Hongkou river
area was one of them that developed
as an important port of the city,
which in turn led to the development
of industries and a large number of
housing clusters for the workers.
Eventually, this port became an
identity of the city.
Due to the urban expansion and
advancement, it was realised that the
Hongkou river area had started losing
its identity. The city adopted the HUL
approach to revive the same.

• Commercial Port area

• Home to old industries and Lilong housing clusters
• WHITRAP and University of Pennsylvania (U.S.A) closely involved in the conservation

21
Heritage of the Hongkou River Area, Shanghai
The Hongkou river area consists of three types of water supply lines that showcase the traditional
heritage that is tangible, intangible and natural Shanghainese water system; this, in addition to
including the river and the landscape. Regarding the conserving the old road network, alleys and bridges.
tangible heritage the buildings and monuments are The Hongkou district is well known for its historic
preserved under the Shanghai regulation, 2003. The port area, traditional infrastructure, various arts and
intangible heritage includes the culture of Lilong, areas where people from different culture live
which are small neighbourhood clusters with together.
compact housing style. Moreover, the district has
also conserved its old infrastructure such as the

©Wang Rongjiang / SHINE ©Gregory Bracken

22
2006
4000 B.C 1616 - 1848 1848-1863 1949-2000
onwards

First settlement Became an Industries and Development of Urban renewal HUL

in Shanghai important port infrastructure industries and process started implementation
city boomed infrastructure in process
Source – Lilong Study Hongkou Creek, Shanghai, China, 2014

Major Challenges
CONDITION OF URBANISATION
RECESSION
HERITAGE BUILDINGS PRESSURE

Depleting condition of heritage The pressure of development and Social and economic
buildings due to new high-rise redevelopment of area recession causing decline of
development deteriorating the quality of life the area
leading to out-migration

Status of HUL Approach

Adopted HUL approach in 2014 Statutory Integration Research and Development

Made HUL approach as one of the Integrated with neighborhood University of Pennsylvania played
important tools in the process of plan an important role in field visits
urban renewal and research

11 neighbourhoods were
WHITRAP, Sub – District Office, included in the conservation list Ideas to preserve Lilong in
enterprises and the local community of Shanghai historic Hongkou river by Tongji
played crucial roles neighbourhoods. University

Adopting the HUL approach has helped the city local traditional residential houses and industrial
maintain the balance between the development constructions, which cover 11 neighbourhoods,
pressure and conservation of its culture and were included into the Conservation List of Shanghai
heritage in the Hongkou River Area. In 2016, the Historic Neighbourhoods.

23
Tools used

COMMUNITY
ENGAGEMENT TOOLS FINANCE TOOLS

Public participation as major tool –

Crowd funding, public-private partnership
includes open discussion, and relevant
and Transfer of development rights
changes in plans and policies

Revolving loan funds, Tax Increment

Involvement of social and market forces
Financing and Business improvement
for renewal of historic buildings
district

Consultation on the local development

Rents from properties and investment by
with the participation of research
institutes and social associations the creative companies

H U L TO O L S

Creative industries introduced to Conservation methodologies and models)

encourage economic development put in practice

New social groups attracted for the Legislation for the Conservation of
opportunities resulting in change in the Historical Areas and Heritage Architecture
social structure of the area in Shanghai

Shanghai Regulation, 2003 - conservation

Framework developed for local
cultural district and historic building with
conservation and development mandatory public participation

KNOWLEDGE AND R E G U L AT O R Y T O O L S
PLANNING TOOLS

24
Key Learnings

1 Target of conservation was changed from

historic buildings to the whole area
2 City has managed its heritage resources and
maintain layers of values

3
City has reinforced its local identity,
enhanced the quality of life and fostering
social cohesion

Rawalpindi, a city located in the

Punjab province of Pakistan is one of
the major cities in the country. All the
past ruling empires have left their
cultural footprint on the city’s skyline.
Its tangible heritage includes temples,
mosques and several havelis, whereas
the intangible heritage includes art,
craft and cuisine. The city is an
economic hub where locomotive, gas,
leather and textile industries have
flourished.
Although the city has a rich cultural
heritage, there are no regulations and
less or no attention is paid towards
sustaining its value. The city adopted
the HUL approach to protect its
heritage and to make sensitive
planning decisions for future
development.

• An important administrative, commercial, and industrial centre.

• Resident industries include locomotive works, gasworks, an oil refinery, sawmills, an iron foundry, a
brewery, and cotton, hosiery, and textile mills; it also produces shoes, leather goods, pottery,
newsprint, and tents.
• Densely packed old core with bazaars and mohallahs developed organically creating an enduring and
resilient pattern of urban life.

27
Heritage of Rawalpindi
Rawalpindi is one of the most important cities of the global challenges of urban development. At the
Pakistan which acts as an industrial, administrative centre of Rawalpindi is the area where the real
and commercial center for the country. The city is heritage feature and character exists.
has seen development over the years and has faced
© Ayesha ibrahim © Azhar Hussain

The old centre of Rawalpindi is a densely populated worship and religious festivals, art and music, food,
area with bazaars and mohallahs (neighbourhoods), and daily life.
which has developed organically creating an The old city retains a significant amount of
enduring and resilient pattern of urban life. It bears residential and commercial architecture from the
testimony to a heritage and tradition where Hindu, 18th to 20th Centuries, where no two buildings
Sikh, Jain, Muslim and Christian religions and seem to have the same in design or decor. The flat
cultures met and coexisted, as shown in the variety skyline of Rawalpindi is punctuated at intervals with
of religious buildings of different faith. The centre is the domes and spires of Hindu temples and the
a complex of traditional bazaars, many languages, minarets of mosques.

The physical fabric and sense of the place

which has been passed down has survived
because of the desire of generations of
residents to maintain their traditional way of
life. This community cohesion, or social capital,
has preserved what remains of the past and
acts as a glue to ensure the continuing smooth
© HUL Guidebook functioning of the city, despite pressures of
density, poor infrastructure and social
tensions. It is this intangible living heritage set
within the built heritage of the city that gives
significance to historic Rawalpindi.
Source: HUL Guidebook

28
1867 1947 1950 1996 2013

Formation of Partition of Boost in city City master plan Adopted HUL HUL still in
Rawalpindi India Pakistan economy was prepared approach process
municipality

Major Challenges

CONDITION OF NO PROVISIONAL LEGISLATION LOSS OF CULTURAL

HERITAGE BUILDINGS FOR HERITAGE DIVERSITY

Depleting condition of heritage No legal framework for protection Young artisans leave their
buildings due to no maintenance of heritage buildings, the city profession and trade because
and aggressive land acquisition government also takes no they cannot make a proper living.
and construction of malls. responsibility towards heritage.

Status of HUL Approach

Adopted HUL approach in 2013 Statutory Integration Research and Development

Made the HUL approach an important Baseline data collection and National College of the Arts,
tool in the urban renewal process analysis of threat carried out Rawalpindi is playing an
important role
Conservation process of the
historic areas was carried out and
The WHITRAP, National arts college, environment conditions are It initiated the process of HUL
city government and local community being considered to improve the approach and is now carrying it
played crucial role condition of historic areas out further

Ongoing implementation of the approach in the financing tools and strengthening of the regulatory
historic areas of Rawalpindi. The process has framework.
completed its 3rd stage and is now looking at

29
Tools used

COMMUNITY
ENGAGEMENT TOOLS FINANCE TOOLS

How I See My Mohollah /Art/Artists for Seed funding from Netherlands Funds-in–
Heritage program Trust at UNESCO

Neighborhood Upgrading with the Adaptive reuse of old heritage building by

community by Greening and Tree private or public owner in the city centre
Planting

Consensus building with stakeholders, Design, Development & Promotion of

government and residents; seminars Living Heritage Trails

H U L TO O L S

Vulnerability analysis for 6 attributes and Pakistan one nation one vision – 2025 and
values : - includes build heritage, culture, Punjab building bylaws
bazaars, social capital and occupation

Agreement on Strategic Cooperation

Play the City Istanbul: a civic engagement between the City District Government
platform developed Rawalpindi, National College of Arts
Rawalpindi and WHITRAP for the
revitalization of the historic centre of
Rapid inventories, mapping, studies (such Rawalpindi.
as place names, traditional foods and Developing consensus between city
soundscapes) and environmental government bodies and providing HUL
assessment training by PPMI

KNOWLEDGE AND R E G U L AT O R Y T O O L S
PLANNING TOOLS

30
Key Learnings

1 2
Engagement of students in heritage Environmental factors are now considered in
conservation has suggested new ways to heritage conservation
think about neighbourhoods

3 4
Appreciation of the local art and culture Followed all 6 steps of the HUL approach
through Living Heritage trails recognizing the which helped the city to understand its
indigenous art and culture heritage and upgrade its value

5 6
Several policy level reforms in Urban Idea of Adaptive Reuse of old buildings has
Planning and Development with preserved heritage, created awareness to
consideration to Heritage conservation are prepare policies and developed heritage as
developed economic tool

580,706 70.59 km2

Governance Cuenca

Municipality of Cuenca

Cuenca city is located in the Azuay

province of the country Ecuador. The
city is located in the mountains and
four rivers crosses the city.
It is known for its textile industry, as
well as furniture and other crafts like
hats and shoes. The straw hats known
around the world as Panama hats are
in fact made in Cuenca by local
artisans.
The historic city centre of Cuenca was
honoured with the title of World
Heritage Site in 1999. The city faces a
threat to due to a lack of regulatory
and conservation framework, a
problem of traffic congestion,
devaluation of heritage and
replacement of heritage building, in
addition to the visual contamination.
These were some of the reasons why
the city chose to adopt the HUL
approach.

• Included in the World Heritage List in 1999 on the basis of criteria II, IV and V which are linked with
inland Spanish urban planning, landscape and fusion of cultures.
• Successful fusion of different societies and cultures of Latin America symbolised in a striking
manner by the layout and townscape of Cuenca.

33
Heritage of Cuenca
The historic area of Cuenca was declared a world traditional human settlement and its interacts with
heritage site in 1999 due to presence of the natural the environmental features present in the city. It is
heritage and cultural heritage. The city depicts the especially known for the relationship between the
implementation of Renaissance principles, has historic city center and the city’s intangible heritage
various style of architectural building and features and social component.

© www.traxplorio.com © Lee Harrison © Linda, aswesawit.com

Cuenca is especially not known for a specific style of environment value to the city heritage value. Hence,
architecture. The tangible heritage consist of the city has a unique interaction with the natural
different architecture styleS and the city has environment. Trade is a major economic activity of
traditional colonial style of planning. In addition to the city, due to which the market acts as a tangible
the tangible heritage like buildings and churches, heritage of the city.
the natural heritage like mountains and the four
major river passing through the city add an

Trade is an important
traditional activity in Cuenca,
clearly visible in the
Municipal Markets of the
historical centre. In addition,
an important informal food,
arts, craft and clothes market
has been developed on the
streets together with
Municipal Markets.
Indigenous people with their
traditional dress are the
main players in these
activities.
Source: HUL Guidebook
© Ireneuke, AFAR © Domingo, El Diario

34
2009 and
1557 1975 - 1978 1983 1999
2014

Cuenca Historic Declared as Updated inventory

Included in HUL still in
settlement was awareness cultural heritage and adapted HUL
UNESCO sites process
formed about the city of the nation approach

Source – Cultural and Natural Heritage Conservation of Historical Center and Urban Landscape Cuenca – Ecuador, 2017

Major Challenges
URBANISATION MOBILITY AND
GENTRIFICATION
PRESSURE TRAFFIC

Arrival of foreign retirees has Due to the geographical condition of Due to narrow roads and high
increased the prices of housing, the city and excess migration, the vehicular traffic, the area is facing
rent, medical care and city is prone to extreme congestion and pollution issues
restaurants, generating the development pressure which
displacement of the local impacts the heritage value.
population and impacting their
identity.

Status of HUL Approach

Adopted HUL approach in 2014 Statutory Integration Research and Development

Made the HUL approach an important Preparation of protection plan of University of Cuenca played a
tool in the process of protection plan the heritage city vital role in implementing the
development approach
The plan focused on various
The WHITRAP, University of Cuenca, domains such as urban structure, Interdisciplinary research team
city government and local community heritage, housing and setup including experts on
played a crucial role habitability, culture and tourism environment, economy,
and transportation. anthropology, archaeology,
geology, architecture and
sociology.

The implementation of HUL in Cuenca was planned assessment of each landscape unit was elaborated
in multiple phases: phase 1 focused on knowing in phase 3 enabling the research team to define the
very specific aspects of the city of Cuenca and its intervention criteria and the landscape quality
context, whereas in phase 2, landscape units were objectives which shape the Action Proposal of a
identified based on the information collected Visionary Strategic Plan.
through cultural mapping. The fact sheet and
35
Tools used

COMMUNITY
ENGAGEMENT TOOLS

Participatory citizen workshops and

cultural mapping from different FINANCE TOOLS
disciplines
Financial policies by the
Municipality in order to promote the
Competition for visioning for the city - a maintenance of historic buildings with
photography competition to know about the support of tenants
the city heritage condition

Visioning conferences, sixteen workshop Funding from Research Directorate of the

to guide citizen about HUL approach University of Cuenca

H U L TO O L S

Detailed and contextual studies,

Degrees of protection and
conferences, fact sheets and federated
Manual of Good Practices
data recommendations

Use of GIS for carrying out various Constitution of the Republic of

analysis and finding out critical areas and Ecuador, 2008 and Organic Law of
developing landscape unit Culture, 2016

KNOWLEDGE AND
Management and Conservation of
PLANNING TOOLS
Historical and Heritage Areas of the
Canton of Cuenca, 2010

R E G U L AT O R Y T O O L S

36
Key Learnings

1 2
Assessment of cultural heritage and natural
Engagement of students, citizens in heritage
heritage using matrix framework and
conservation via various competitions
analysing critical areas.

3 4
Inclusion of transportation and mobility as a
Developing landscape units by carrying out key element to the HUL approach to improve
various surveys and analysing of conditions access to historic areas and develop mobility
plan for the area

5 6
Developed various policy level reforms in City HUL approach process depicts how a city
Urban Planning and Development while should evolve its approach, from the context
considering to Heritage conservation of preserving a single building to whole city

1,51,49,358 2,577 km2 Istanbul

Governance

Municipal Council, Istanbul

With its strategic location on the

Bosphorus peninsula between the
Balkans and Anatolia, the Black Sea
and the Mediterranean, Istanbul has
been associated with major political,
religious and artistic events for more
than 2,000 years. The city houses a
number of mosques, churches and
synagogues which depict the cultural
diversity of the city.
Istanbul is also one of the most visited
cities in the world. The old area of the
city was declared as a UNESCO World
Heritage Site under the criteria (i), (ii),
(iii) and (iv). With time, the city has
faced several threats of increasing
population, urbanisation pressure,
mass tourism and other urban issues.

• Known for its historic monuments, other heritage buildings and natural heritage
• Known as a Cultural Hub

39
Heritage of Istanbul
The distinctive and characteristic skyline of Istanbul and Sehzade Mosque complex, the Blue Mosque
was built and developed over many centuries and and the slender minarets of the New Mosque near
includes the Hagia Sophia, the Fatih complex and the port.
Topkapi Palace, the Suleymaniye Mosque complex

18 properties
are in the UNESCO list of historic area of
Istanbul

83 properties
are included in the tentative world heritage
list which consist of natural as well as
cultural property

32,068 & 108

Immoveable properties and protected area
respectively identified by the ministry of
culture and tourism of Turkey And Istanbul
Directorate of Culture and Tourism

8 Intangible heritage
Registered in UNESCO World heritage site
Inventory for Istanbul

22 Intangible heritage
Registered in the National Inventory for
Istanbul

12 Heritage performers
Registered in Istanbul in the National
Inventory of the Living Human Treasures

Apart from the arts and crafts practiced in the city, coffee house culture, the bathing culture in the
several traditional practices are also a part of the hamams, cuisine, trips and travel culture to local
intangible heritage of the city. These include, the sites, among others.

40
Ruled by
various 2011
6500 B.C 1985 2018
emperor and
sultans

Developed Listing of Historic site Revised HUL

Settlement of
cultural Istanbul in world management management plan implementation
Istanbul
diversity in city heritage site plan for historic area in process

Major Challenges

URBANISATION DELETERIOUS
GLOBALISATION
PRESSURE TOURISM

Due to the globalisation the city Increasing population has resulted in The historic area is exposed to the
can face a huge challenge to an increased housing demand. The large inflow of tourists causing
maintain its identity. City is also under threat of great more damage than benfits
migration wave

Status of HUL Approach

Adopted HUL approach in 2011 Statutory Integration Research and Development

Main objective is to secure the historic Development of the Historic Involvement of NGOs and
area of the city and link it with newly Peninsula Site Management Plan Istanbul tourism industry in
developed area 2011 implementation

Initiative supported by The world A revised plan, 2015 included a Research conducted by Koc
heritage center and ICOMOS holistic approach taking all University and Bilgi University on
sectors into consideration cultural heritage management

41
Tools used

COMMUNITY
ENGAGEMENT TOOLS FINANCE TOOLS

10 % of property tax allocated towards

Play the City Istanbul: a civic engagement the conservation of immovable cultural
platform developed property

Financial aid for conservation project is

Negotiating and mediating between
exempted of tax like VAT, municipal tax,
conflicting interests and groups.
income tax and inheritance tax

Coordination between national, local Grants provided from public funds for
authority and communities on the restoration of the sustainable
conservation conservation

H U L TO O L S

Inventory of the heritage in the city

Historic Peninsula Site Management Plan
which includes cultural, natural as well as
drafted in 2011 and revised in 2015
intangible heritage and its assessment

National Policy For The Preservation and

Play the City Istanbul: a civic engagement
Management of The World Heritage
platform developed
Property, Turkey
KNOWLEDGE AND R E G U L AT O R Y T O O L S
PLANNING TOOLS

42
Key Learnings

1 Proper process established for maintaining

inventory of the tangible cultural heritage
2 Dialogue established between local and
national authorities, community and NGOs

3 4
Inclusion of Cultural Heritage Impact Strong regulatory framework developed to
Assessment in the framework of Heritage assist the authorities in implementing and
management plan monitoring progress

5
A blended model of heritage area
management plan developed based on the
global experience of various best practices

3,89,000 6.7 km2 Jaipur

Governance

Jaipur Nagar Nigam

As one of the first planned Indian

cities, Jaipur was designed as per the
Shilpa Shastra, an ancient architectural
manual. It follows a ‘grid system’,
where the city is divided into 9
rectangular city sectors also called
“chokris”. Jaipur is also known as the
‘pink city’. This is because Maharaja
Ram Singh had ordered to paint that
the city painted in a hue of pink, a
colour associated with hospitality to
welcome The Prince of Wales. It is
today the most visited city in the state
of Rajasthan.

• Capital of the royal state of Rajasthan.

• The walled city of Jaipur was founded in 1727 by Sawai Jai Singh II.
• One of the first planned cities of India.

47
The walled city of Jaipur, in India’s north-western ancient Hindu and early modern Mughal as well as
state of Rajasthan was founded in 1727 by Sawai Jai Western cultures. Designed to be a commercial
Singh II. Unlike other cities in the region located in capital, the city has maintained its local commercial,
hilly terrain, Jaipur was established on the plain and artisanal and cooperative traditions to this day
built according to a grid plan interpreted in the light (UNESCO). The local economy relies heavily on
of Vedic architecture. The streets feature continuous tourism, 30% of the city’s population is engaged in
colonnaded businesses that intersect in the centre, tourism. The sector employs tour guides, local
creating large public squares called chaupars. transport providers (taxis, buses), and several
Markets, shops, residences and temples built along employees in hotels, which also includes heritage
the main streets have uniform facades. The city's hotels.
urban planning shows an exchange of ideas from

Cultural heritage of Jaipur

The city boasts of several historical buildings which City Palace, the Maharaja Sawai Man Singh(II)
also form a large urban fabric. Streets of the walled Museum, the Hawa Mahal, Jantar Mantar and
city of Jaipur are lined with royal buildings of the several bazaars. The spectacular Amber fort and
past, mansions (havelis) amongst others, which Nahargarh are located just outside the city limits,
together forms a rich asset base. They are also but are very much a part of the rich built heritage.
world famous forts and palaces, which include: the

48
The intangible heritage of Jaipur contributes to the Rajasthan and UNESCO that aims at developing 10
cultural tourism domain of the city. It is home to new cultural tourism destinations in the state. It is
various arts and crafts and thriving traditional expected to directly benefit about 1,500 artists in the
practices varying from fabrics, block printing, blue districts of Jodhpur, Barmer, Jaisalmer and Bikaner,
pottery, leather work and many other hand made known for their folk music and traditional
goods. An Intangible Heritage Promotion Project has handicrafts.
been signed between the Tourism Department of

Major Challenges
TOURISM PRESSURE LACK OF COMMUNITY UNDER- COORDINATED
ON HISTORIC FABRIC ENGAGEMENT EFFORTS

The city has always initiated efforts towards the developed in collaboration with DRONAH and Jaipur
conservation and management of the walled city. Virasat Foundation. Through this efforts the walled
Formation of JHERICO (Jaipur Heritage Committee) city of Jaipur was inscribed on the World Heritage
has been a commendable initiative towards the Site list in 2019.
same. The Jaipur Heritage Management plan is also
a brainchild of JHERICO. The Plan has been

CASE STUDY – JAIPUR, INDIA 49

Tools used
COMMUNITY
ENGAGEMENT TOOLS FINANCE TOOLS

Conducted surveys and hosted Convergence of government and

exhibitions to gather public opinion and multilateral investments for heritage
involve them in conservation works management.

Mapping of the local intangible heritage Department of local self-government

done with assistance from the (DOLSG) got 0.8Cr support from World
community Bank for its Planning activities.

Initiatives like Jaipur literature festival and Fiscal benefits provided through the
Jaipur Heritage International Festival to Rajasthan investment promotion scheme
promote literature and spread awareness of 2014 for the tourism sector. Available
about city’s heritage to the eligible tourism units.

H U L TO O L S

Jaipur Virasat Foundation has several Implementation of three tier institutional

programmes and activities to generate framework for the heritage management
contemporary opportunities. of the city.

Rajasthan Rural Arts Program runs Policies and schemes supporting heritage
capacity-building workshops, supports conservation and promoting Rajasthan
local village festivals. Tourism as a brand.

Walled city area is a designated heritage

Heritage Walk launched in 2001, to attract
zone. Conservation is guided by heritage
tourists to the Walled City.
management plans & reports only.

KNOWLEDGE AND R E G U L AT O R Y T O O L S
PLANNING TOOLS

50
Key Learnings

Jaipur Smart City Plan focuses on Heritage

1 2
and Tourism together, for an adaptive reuse Jaipur offers a wide array of unique crafts as a
of heritage structures, Integrated city pass, knowledge base and a platform for sales and
Smart and green concepts in public areas, promotion for other cities as well.
Smart heritage walk, etc.

3 4
JHERICO has representation from both the Engagement of communities such as NGOs, hotel
culture and urban development sector. It chains, UNESCO, civil society, royal families,
enables the smooth absorption of the philanthropists, professionals, school children,
Management Plan into the Master Plan among others for fostering heritage initiatives

5 6
Efforts towards showcasing the rich culture Vision of the city to tie together the goals as a
of the city on a global platform and world class city, a heritage destination and a city
encouraging innovation and local capacity that uses its intangible heritage to maximise
building social and local economic development

CASE STUDY – JAIPUR, INDIA 51

Nawalgarh
The open air gallery of Rajasthan
Population Area
Nawalgarh
63,948 5.24 km2

Governance

Nawalgarh Nagar Palika

Known as the motherland of many well

established Marwari business families,
Nawalgarh is one of the largest and
busiest towns in Shekhawati region.
Nawalgarh is also famous for its
Havelis, temples, palaces and
Nawalgarh Fort. Founded by Thakur
Nawal Singh Ji Bahadur (Shekhawat) in
1737 AD, Nawalgarh is located in the
midway between Jhunjhunu and Sikar.

• Known for its havelis and fresco paintings

• Havelis of Nawalgarh date as far back as the 18th and 19th century, when they were built by Marwari
businessmen who settled in the Shekhawati region
• Fresco paintings comprising of Hindu deities, animals, Indian and British rulers and interesting
historical instances.

53
The town of Nawalgarh is an important international gaushalas, schools and colleges.
tourist destination, attracting around 10,500 visitors The historic area of Nawalgarh is an organic mesh of
each year. Marwaris as a community played an streets and lanes locally known as galis punctuated
important role in the economic, political and cultural with squares and open spaces having a small temple
development of the Shekhawati region. These or a well. The streets were developed on pedestrians
merchants ensured the survival of the rich artistic scale with narrow widths sufficient enough to allow
tradition of the Shekhawati region. They spent large the movement of palanquins, hand carts and other
sums on the welfare of their community by building slow moving means of transport.
temples, bowris, reservoirs, dharamshalas,

Cultural heritage of Nawalgarh

The unique and diverse heritage of Nawalgarh businessmen. One of the major landmark’s of
comprises of beautiful havelis, grand temples, Nawalgarh is the British Clock Tower at the college,
magnificent chattris, palaces, forts, wells, stepwells which is at the heart of the Shekhawati centre. There
and water structures. It has vibrant living tradition of are also two famous forts in Nawalgarh. The dome of
folk dances, music, cuisine, costumes, fairs and the Nawalgarh fort has an aerial view of Jaipur
festivals. There are 346 tangible heritage assets. painted on it. The Ganga Mai temple near the gate of
These havelis go date as far back as the 18th and one of the forts is a major tourist attraction.
19th century, when they were built by Marwari

54
Nawalgarh is known for its fresco paintings. It has a Stadium in Nawalgarh, the Shekhawati Festival is
vibrant living tradition of folk dances, music, cuisine, truly a celebration of the various aspects and locales
costumes, fairs and festivals. There are three types of Shekhawati. The locals get a chance to exhibit
of Fresco art are decorative, descriptive and their prodigious skills. Famed artists and craftsmen
portraits. The finest of Shekhawati's frescoes can be from every corner of Rajasthan use this festival as an
seen in this town. For the last 15 years, Shekhawati opportunity to display their talent to the world.
has played host to one of India's unique cultural There are organized tours to the famed portals of
festivals. famous Havelis, forts and temples of the region. For
The Shekhawati Festival involves not only every those seeking in-depth knowledge of the arts and
villager of this large province but also people from all crafts of the region, there are seminars and
parts of India and the world. While the main all parts workshops.
of India and the world. While the main activity is Source:
centered around the huge Surya Mandal http://www.shekhawatifestival.in/culture_and_heritage.html

Major Challenges
HERITAGE RESOURCES LACK OF LEGAL
INSENSITIVE AND ADHOC
SUBJECTED TO VARIOUS PROTECTION TO
INTERVENTIONS
PRESSURES HERITAGE ASSETS

Although the town of Nawalgarh is not a commercial Alliance offered a Technical Assistance through
attraction like the cities of Jaipur, Jaisalmer, and combined efforts with the Nawalgarh Nagar Palika.
others, the town has some splendid examples of The management plan briefly followed the HUL
tangible and intangible heritage and requires a approach and was prepared with participatory
management plan to culminate all independent methods.
efforts for conservation. An effort was made towards
the same in 2017 when the World Bank and Cities

CASE STUDY – NAWALGARH, INDIA 55

Tools used
COMMUNITY
ENGAGEMENT TOOLS FINANCE TOOLS
Morarka Haveli Museum is an institute Conservation architects, through the
created to train young unemployed Shekhawati Virasat Abhiyan, have
youth. Included in the itinerary of the extended technical and financial
new Heritage Train on Meter Gauge assistance to the owners of havelis

Dangayach Haveli emerged as a new The City Heritage Cell has put in place a
destination of a unique participatory Heritage Fund with grants from the
heritage conservation initiative government and local businesses

Income streams such as property tax,

Community participation, community
revenue tax property from advertising
awareness campaigns and programs
and contribution from NGOs

H U L TO O L S

Department of local self governance Amidst the existing Legislative

adopts a comprehensive and integrated Framework for Heritage Protection, a
approach under heritage management special provision in the building byelaws
for municipality and its empowered
Development of heritage nodes, heritage officer to list place of importance and
trails, traffic management system and web prescribe its design of façade, external
platform for Nawalgarh color, signage, etc.

The Master Plan 2010-2031, Nawalgarh

Heritage Management Plan proposes
recognises the historic significance of the
Urban Design and mobility, Conservation ,
town. Centre for Advancement of
Streetscape, buildings design, signage
Traditional Building Technology & Skills
Guidelines and palette creation
established

KNOWLEDGE AND R E G U L AT O R Y T O O L S
PLANNING TOOLS

56
Key Learnings

1 2
The conservation of various havelis and
Master Plan Nawalgarh, 2031 recognises the
establishment of the Shekhawati Heritage
heritage significance of Nawalgarh and the fact
Hub has given an impetus to participatory
that it is a tourist attraction.
heritage conservation in Nawalgarh.

Constituting a Guild of Skilled Craftsperson,

3 4
Setting up of a Heritage House and Incentives The use of local masons for the conservation and
and Concessions for Heritage Conservation restoration has led to improving the economic
some of the activities proposed in the Master standards of the local population.
Plan, 2031.

Establishing a Database of Heritage Assets,

5 6
Programme for Revival of Traditional
Establishing of Development Control and
Construction Technology & Ornamentation Skills,
Regulatory Mechanisms, Adaptive Reuse are
Training Programme and Capacity Building for
measures which ensure continued existence
Craft Persons are proposed activities.
of heritage Properties

CASE STUDY – NAWALGARH, INDIA 57

Ajmer-Pushkar
Towns of fairs and festivities
Population Area
Ajmer -
56,39,47 5.24 km2 Pushkar

Governance
Ajmer Nagar Nigam,
Pushkar Nagar Palika

Ajmer is the fifth largest city in

Rajasthan and also one of its earliest
urban centres. Located within the
Ajmer District, Ajmer is approximately
135 km south of Jaipur and almost 400
km south west of Delhi, nestled within
the Aravalli Hills. Ajmer is a typical
example of an Indian city with dense
inner core area.
Pushkar is one of the major pilgrimage
centres in India with over 500 odd
temples in and around the city; the
most sacred being the Brahma Temple.
This holy town is situated around the
sacred Pushkar Lake/ Sarovar in the
valley formed between two parallel
hills of Aravali mountain ranges
running south-west to north-east.
Pushkar has religious significance and
is home to some of the most visited
fairs and festivals.
Source: Ajmer-Pushkar City HRIDAY Plan

• One of the pilot cities in the UNESCO HUL Programme that was demonstrated through the IHCDP
(Inclusive Heritage-based City Development) Programme, technically and financially supported by the
World Bank and Cities Alliance
• Cities under the HRIDAY mission of the Government of India (2015-2019)

59
Ajmer beautifully brings the Hindu, Jain and Islamic History tells that Pushkar was created at a place
heritage together. One of the oldest cities of the state where a lotus flower fell from the hands of Lord
of Rajasthan, Ajmer was founded in the 7th century Brahma and touched the ground. The name Pushkar
A.D. by Ajayraj Singh Chauhan. The city was named derives from the word “Pushpa” meaning flower and
after King Ajayraj, originally called Ajaymeru, meaning “Kar” meaning hand. During the invasions of the
‘the one surrounded by mountains’. The Chauhan Huns, Pushkar was destroyed and forgotten.
dynasty ruled Ajmer until the beginning of the 12th However, in the 12th century, the town was
century, despite several attacks from the Turkish conquered by the Chauhan dynasty rulers, who
empire. Ajmer remained subject of the Delhi rebuilt it to its glory. Later, with the formation of the
sultanate until 1365 when it was captured by the Rajput coalition under the leadership of Mewar, the
Mewar rulers. In 1509, the city became a source of town of Pushkar flourished again.
contention between the Maharajas of Mewar and
Marwar and was ultimately conquered by the
Marwar rulers in 1532.

Cultural heritage of Ajmer-Pushkar

Ajmer is a popular pilgrimage centre, especially for at Pushkar is a sacred spot where large number of
the famous for the Dargah Sharif-tomb of the Sufi devotees throng to take a dip in. The lake is also lined
saint Khwaja Moinuddin Chisti. The British chose with 52 ghats.
Ajmer to establish their prestigious Mayo College, a
In addition to the historic buildings, temples and the
school exclusively for Indian nobility. Ajmer city
lakes, Ajmer and Pushkar are also known for their
boasts of splendid architecture, such as Soniji Ki
vibrant bazaars that are flooded with tourists round
Nasiya, the baradari, the Akbar fort, Lodha ki Haveli
the year, but especially in the latter half of the year,
and the Naya Bazar facades, amongst others.
when both the cities witness a large number of
Pushkar is known for the only temple dedicated to visitors because of the fairs and the festivals hosted
Lord Brahma, alongside a picturesque lake. The lake here.

60
Clusters of intangible heritage are observed in Ajmer, Pushkar Pushkar Camel Fair or Pushkar Mela, as it is
which is famous for Ittar-making, Gota work and locally known, is an annual five-day camel and
traditional foods like Malpua. Pushkar on the other livestock fair held in the town of Pushkar between
hand is predominantly an epicentre of all the the months of October and November. It is one of
traditional practices. Some of the major festivals like the world's largest cattle fairs. Apart from the buying
Kartika Purnima, Brahma utsav, Maha Shivrathri are and selling of livestock, it has become an important
celebrated in and around Pushkar. The famous tourist attraction.

Major Challenges
INFORMAL
TRAFFIC CONGESTION
POOR WASTE ENCROACHMENT AND
AND POOR PARKING
MANAGEMENT SEWAGE AND WASTE
MANAGEMENT
DISPOSAL

CASE STUDY – AJMER-PUSHKAR, INDIA 61

Tools used
COMMUNITY
ENGAGEMENT TOOLS
City-wide mapping of Ajmer’s tangible
and intangible heritage involved the state
and local authorities, residents and
experts FINANCE TOOLS
Multi-lateral and Central Government
To raise awareness of the town’s value as financial assistance for preparing the
a Heritage Town and their intrinsic Management Plan and Detailed Project
relationship with the residents’ way of Reports
life, buildings and abandoned areas in
Pushkar adaptively reused to showcase
local artists’ paintings, sculptures, and Local funding options explored at the
traditional and contemporary Rajasthani Urban Local Body level
performing arts.

H U L TO O L S

Improvement of signage and basic

Heritage cell has been established to
infrastructure services, organisation of
serve as a loci for implementation.
street vendors and façade treatment

Basic catalogue prepared proposed to

Heritage walks and heritage bus tours
serve as a reference to the Development
introduced in Ajmer and Pushkar Control Regulation of Ajmer and Pushkar

A catalogue prepared for ULB and R E G U L AT O R Y T O O L S

residents to propose and carry out
restoration or adaptation of heritage
properties or landscapes in Pushkar and
Ajmer

KNOWLEDGE AND
PLANNING TOOLS

62
Key Learnings

1 2
Participatory approach to identify, make an
Increased empowerment in identifying local
inventory and conduct the valuation of heritage
needs and proposing new ideas
assets and mapping of heritage zones

3 4
Governance arrangements for Inclusive Diverse and all-inclusive mapping of the city and
Urban Revitalisation established through socio-economic and services assessment gave a
institutional mapping, stakeholder analysis holistic perspective to identify pilot sites for
and consultations interventions

5 6
Technical assistance provided to the City-to-city peer learning of experts promoted
Heritage Cell and city authorities for pilot through study tours and exposure visits across
implementation India

CASE STUDY – AJMER-PUSHKAR, INDIA 63

Hyderabad
The City of Nizams
Population Area

68,09,970 650 km2

Governance
Hyderabad
Greater Hyderabad
Municipal corporation

Hyderabad was built in 1589 by

Mohammed Quli Qutub Shah of the
Qutub Shahi dynasty in the banks of
the Musi River eight kilometres east
of Golconda Fort. The Purana Pul "old
bridge” was built to easily connect
Golconda to the new city. The city was
built to accommodate Golconda’s
growing population. “Char Minar” was
built in 1591 as a ceremonial gateway
marking the foundation of Hyderabad,
a new Millennial City, and as a point of
reference for its planning grid pattern
with precincts and iconic monuments.
Source: IHCDP

• Hyderabad joined the UNESCO's list of creative cities on World Cities Day, 2019.
• One of the pilot cities in the UNESCO HUL Programme that was demonstrated through the IHCDP
(Inclusive Heritage-based City Development) Programme, technically and financially supported by the
World Bank and Cities Alliance

65
The original city of Hyderabad was founded 400 become a great centre for trade and commerce.
years ago in 1591, built with a protective wall Post independence, the city centre saw a shift to
enclosing the city on the banks of the river “Musi”. the north of the river, with the construction of many
This part of the city is now known as the “Historic new government buildings. Today, there are 151
Old City". Nizam’s Hyderabad was the largest heritage buildings and 30 heritage precincts
princely state in India, with its own currency, coins, identified in Hyderabad by the Hyderabad
postal systems, radio, railways and it went on to Metropolitan Development Authority.

Cultural heritage of Hyderabad

The city bears the indelible marks of built and built heritage of the city also includes mosques and
natural heritage dating back to Kakatiya, Qutubshahi temples, tombs, clock towers, hospitals, courts and
and Asafjahi (Nizam) dynasties. Some of the numerous public and private buildings developed in
significant landmarks include the Charminar located various time periods giving a unique historical and
in the old walled city area and surrounded by cultural context to the city.
palaces of the Asaf Jahi period such as the The Department of Heritage Telangana has entered
Falaknuma Palace. Golconda Fort located on the into an agreement with the Agha Khan Trust for
outskirts of the city is one of the most magnificent Culture in India, an expert in the field of
fort complexes in India. The Chowmahalla Palace Conservation and Preservation of the Monuments,
Complex in the old city was the seat of the Asaf Jahi and the representatives of Agha Khan Trust, Paris,
dynasty, designed along the lines of the Shah’s France.
palace in Isfahan. Besides forts and palaces, the rich
Source: PEARL, Compendium of Good Practices, Urban Heritage in Indian Cities, NIUA, Indian National trust for Art and Cultural
Heritage, 2015

66
© UNESCO

A creative city known for its gastronomy, the rich hold and promote the rich gastronomic culture that
Hyderabadi cuisine has evolved as an interesting the city has organically curated over centuries. The
combination of local flavors and international city administration along with the community has
recipes. The entire city is dotted with food created avenues for the establishment of prominent
enterprises – big and small, formal and informal, physical and social infrastructure. Free commercial
modern and traditional, and this vernacular style of zones have been created to enhance local food
development has led to an uncountable number of culture, and self-help groups for women have been
food outlets. Within the city, the festival of Ramzan established to support gastronomical enterprises.
along with others such as Bathukamma, are widely
celebrated while keeping the food culture at the
center of the celebration. These festivals are vital to

Major Challenges
PAUCITY OF FUNDS TO RAPID
CRUMBLING
REPAIR AND MODERNISATION
HERITAGE
MAINTAIN THE OF THE EXISTING
STRUCTURES
HERITAGE OF THE CITY HISTORIC FABRIC

As early as in 1980s, Hyderabad initiated its efforts Given the threat of rapid modernisation to the
in heritage conservation and became a pioneer for historic urban fabric, the city Government along
listing, notification, heritage regulations, and with other non-governmental and civil society
establishment of the Heritage Conservation organisations played a crucial role in campaigning to
Committee. The Government of Andhra Pradesh save the heritage and environment of the city.
and the Hyderabad Urban Development Authority
added a new dimension to Heritage Conservation
with the Hyderabad Heritage Regulations, drafted in
1995.

CASE STUDY – HYDERABAD, INDIA 67

Tools used
COMMUNITY
ENGAGEMENT TOOLS FINANCE TOOLS

Heritage awards were introduced by Exemption of property tax and offering

INTACH to promote better maintenance financial assistance up to 25 lakhs / 20%
of Heritage properties of estimated cost of conservation.

TDR was offered as an incentive for

The Concept of Heritage walks were
heritage property owners in case of loss
introduced to spread Heritage awareness
of Development rights

Funding support from the Multi-Donor

Community engaged in identifying and
Trust Fund for Cultural Heritage of the
listing of heritage properties
World Bank

H U L TO O L S

Structural interventions in the heritage

Regulation no. 13 specifically focusing on
bridges and retaining walls in the
heritage conservation development
historically significant areas

Installation of signage in areas of historic Formation of Heritage Cell and Heritage

significance and communal use Conservation Committee

Historic areas are identified as Special Facade control regulations in place and
Area Development Projects to include implemented by Greater Hyderabad
Urban Design, heritage and environmental Municipal Corporation for specific
guidelines for overall area improvement. Heritage Zones

KNOWLEDGE AND R E G U L AT O R Y T O O L S
PLANNING TOOLS

68
Key Learnings

1 2
Participatory approach to identify, make an
Increased empowerment in identifying
inventory and conduct the valuation of heritage
local needs and proposing new ideas
assets and mapping of heritage zones

CASE STUDY – HYDERABAD, INDIA 69

Varanasi
Cultural capital of India
Population Area

12,12,610 82 km2

Governance Varanasi

Municipal corporation,
Varanasi

Varanasi or Benaras, Kashi, Avimukta,

Rudravasa and Mahashmashana, is
one of the oldest living cities in the
world. According to the Vamana
Purana, the Varuna and the Assi rivers
originated from the body of the
primordial person at the beginning of
time itself. The land lying between
them is believed to be ‘Varanasi’, the
holiest of all pilgrimages. The word
‘Kashi’ originates from the word ‘Kas’
which means to shine. Steeped in
tradition and mythological legacy,
Varanasi is the ‘original ground’
created by Shiva and Parvati, upon
which they stood at the beginning of
time.
Source: IHCDP

• Member of the Indian Heritage Cities Network (IHCN) under the auspices of UNESCO
• One of the pilot cities in the UNESCO HUL Programme that was demonstrated through the IHCDP
(Inclusive Heritage-based City Development) Programme, technically and financially supported by the
World Bank and Cities Alliance
• One of the cities under the HRIDAY mission of the Government of India (2015-2019)

71
Varanasi is one of the oldest living cities in the Varanasi has experienced several periods of growth,
world. It is located in the middle of the Ganga prosperity and change in the past, however, in the
plains. Historically, it was a part of an important last 40 years, the city has witnessed unprecedented
water trade route that connected Patliputra (Patna) pressures of urban development, which have caused
to Taxila (presently in Pakistan). Varanasi quickly an irreversible damage to the city’s heritage and
became the nuclei of India’s traditional classic sociocultural landscape in a scale and intensity
culture: a city glorified by myth and sanctified by never faced before.
religion. The temples and shrines of the city, along
with the ashrams always attract numerous visitors
and pilgrims throughout the year.

Source: PEARL, Compendium of Good Practices, Urban Heritage in Indian Cities, NIUA, Indian National trust for Art and Cultural
Heritage, 2015

Cultural heritage of Varanasi

As Varanasi is situated on the banks of river Ganga, Mosque, Bharat Mata, Jain Saint Shwetambar.
there are 82 ghats and other riverfront areas along In addition to several archaeological sites in and
the length of the city, from the Assi Nalla River in the around the city, there are many kunds or sacred
south to the Varuna River in the north. The riverfront water bodies that are used for rituals and traditional
is adorned by palatial buildings, as well as shrines practices as well as an ancient rainwater harvest and
and temples. The Vishwanath Temple Complex, built flood control system in the city.
in 1776 by Ahalya Bai of Indore, is the most popular.
Beside its religious significance, the temple is also an The streets in the old city of Varanasi, although
architectural marvel. Other important temples narrow are lined with the traditional built fabric with
include Kabir Math, Durga, Tulsi Manas, Alamgir pillared verandahs.

There are several fairs and festivals that are held Dadra, Kajri and Kathak, whose gharanas belong to
and celebrated in Varanasi, including sessions Varanasi or Benaras, as the place was traditionally
bringing the largest gathering in the world, the known. Varanasi is also home to the silk weaving
Kumbh Mela, as well as the Dhrupad Mela, Bharat culture and is famous for ‘banarsee’ fabrics and
Milap, Nakkatayya, Mahashivaratri, Nag Nathaiya sarees. Spinning and weaving are oldest and most
Leela, Hanuman Jayanti, Ganga Mahotsav, among important economic activities of Varanasi and
others. One of the practices that attracts most employs more than half of the workers, followed by
visitors daily is the morning and evening Ganga textile industries.
Aarti. There are also multiple performing arts
including vedic music, dance genres such as Thumri,

Major Challenges
LACK OF TECHNICAL
ABSENCE OF
DEVELOPMENTAL CAPACITY TO
COORDINATED
PRESSURE SUPPORT HERITAGE
EFFORTS
CONSERVATION

Although efforts have been put in to protect the intangible heritage is enormous and would only be
cultural heritage and essence of the holy city, the possible with collective efforts.
overall task of conserving this valuable tangible and

CASE STUDY – VARANASI, INDIA 73

Tools used
COMMUNITY
ENGAGEMENT TOOLS FINANCE TOOLS
City-wide mapping of Varanasi’s heritage
was conducted in participatory manner
with local communities, and renowned City received funds for infrastructure
scholars and experts augmentation from the Central
Government under the HRIDAY scheme
Competitions organised to increase
awareness about the kunds/sacred water
bodies in the city
Funding support from the Multi-Donor
Local community consultations for Trust Fund for Cultural Heritage at the
identification of pilot project sites under World Bank
the IHCDP

H U L TO O L S

Demonstration Detailed Project Reports Heritage as a component, both for

prepared for select pilot sites planning and assessment, included in the
City Development Plan 2041

A comprehensive plan prepared for the

city focusing on the heritage assets, both The Holy City Of Kashi (Preservation Of
tangible and intangible and identifying a Cultural Heritage) Bill introduced in the
shelf of projects for implementation upper house of the Indian Parliament in
2019 to provide for the conservation,
City Heritage Guided Tours and City preservation and maintenance of cultural
Heritage Bus routes to promote and natural heritage
sustainable tourism

KNOWLEDGE AND R E G U L AT O R Y T O O L S
PLANNING TOOLS

74
Key Learnings

CASE STUDY – VARANASI, INDIA 75

Summary
One of the major takeaways from the cases strong sense of local identity and belonging which
included in this compendium is a shift in the was previously under threat due to rapid
approach towards conservation of tangible cultural globalisation.
heritage. Historic buildings are no longer looked at Cities globally have begun realising the fact that the
in isolation, but are recognised as a part of an area, preservation of cultural heritage is not a feasible
an urban landscape. This has further strengthened option for sustainable development. A few welcome
the need to integrate this buildings into the larger changes in the overall conservation scenario in the
planning frameworks, while also converging wake of the HUL approach. This not only helps in
conservation efforts with other sectors such as the assigning values to heritage assets, but also assists
environment, mobility and economy, among others. in analysing critical areas and proposing just
Cities such as Ballarat, Cuenca and Jaipur have also interventions. While the city of Cuenca uses a
taken it a step forward by developing master plans certain matrix framework for assessment of cultural
and management frameworks for their respective and natural heritage, other methods of assessment
historic quarters. of heritage have also been identified for historic
Another stand-out feature of the HUL approach in cities in India as well. Such tools would make the
general is the tools of ‘Community Engagement’ job of the governing authorities a lot more easier.
and ‘Knowledge and Planning’. Although knowledge Such dimensions, better organisations at the global
and planning tools were conventionally used, now and local level help offer technical assistance to
with the HUL recommendation, cities and these historic cities. Established academic
professionals have developed innovative institutions, bi-laterals and multi-laterals have
mechanisms to disseminate local and global increased their financial outlay for efforts relating to
knowledge, simplifying planning principles for the the revitalisation and regeneration of historic cities.
larger audience and making the historic areas more Many such initiatives have also not only focused on
accessible virtually with appropriate digital the tangible heritage, but also on the intangible
interventions. heritage and the dependent economy. Traditional
Community engagement is a tool that has been crafts have been revived to meet the fresh demand
exploited extremely well by all the cities that have generated through digital platforms. This has
adopted the HUL approach or even a diverse subsequently contributed to the local economic
approach for urban heritage management. It has development.
been widely acknowledged that involvement of the Overall, it can be acknowledged that such diverse
residing and working communities in historic areas initiatives undertaken after adopting the HUL
is crucial for proposing any intervention. Cities have approach in the global south have substantially
developed several tools to implement this and improved the liveability of such historic centres and
passive voices across all strata of the society, inner city areas that often are limited to affordable
including university and school students, women housing and commercial hubs with floating
and elderly have come together to identify, map population. Thus, adopting the HUL approach is also
and build on the inventory of the cultural heritage in beneficial to enhance the quality of life of the
cities like Ballarat, Nawalgarh, Varanasi and residents and the visitors.
Rawalpindi. This has achieved in the community a

77
National Institute of Urban Affairs
1st and 2nd floor, Core 4B,
India Habitat Centre, Lodhi Road,
New Delhi - 110003, INDIA
(+91 11) 24643284/24617517, (+91 11) 24617513
www.niua.org

Urban Heritage in Indian
No ratings yet
Urban Heritage in Indian
99 pages
Heritage Conservation
100% (1)
Heritage Conservation
86 pages
Urban Heritage Practices India
No ratings yet
Urban Heritage Practices India
86 pages
Urban Heritage in Indian Cities COMPENDI PDF
100% (1)
Urban Heritage in Indian Cities COMPENDI PDF
86 pages
WP0 P13060 IC00 India 0 IHCDP0 Book
No ratings yet
WP0 P13060 IC00 India 0 IHCDP0 Book
181 pages
Act of Parliament Government of India
No ratings yet
Act of Parliament Government of India
2 pages
Participatory Approach For Cultural Heritage Resource Management in Small Towns
No ratings yet
Participatory Approach For Cultural Heritage Resource Management in Small Towns
25 pages
Lucknow Pdf1
No ratings yet
Lucknow Pdf1
415 pages
Journal of Indian Anthropological Society
No ratings yet
Journal of Indian Anthropological Society
21 pages
DCH India Sept 2015 Sikha Jain
No ratings yet
DCH India Sept 2015 Sikha Jain
36 pages
Vijaya Intach
No ratings yet
Vijaya Intach
63 pages
Untitled Document
No ratings yet
Untitled Document
3 pages
Literature Review
No ratings yet
Literature Review
18 pages
Ewfw
No ratings yet
Ewfw
190 pages
Ginzarly Hul
No ratings yet
Ginzarly Hul
42 pages
Sustainable Heritage Challenges
No ratings yet
Sustainable Heritage Challenges
7 pages
The Historic Urban Landscape and The Geo
No ratings yet
The Historic Urban Landscape and The Geo
25 pages
The Historic Urban Landscape Approach To Urban Management: A Systematic Review
No ratings yet
The Historic Urban Landscape Approach To Urban Management: A Systematic Review
22 pages
Report PDF
No ratings yet
Report PDF
34 pages
Creating Awareness For Heritage Conserva
No ratings yet
Creating Awareness For Heritage Conserva
6 pages
Public Participation Towards Managing Cultural Heritage
No ratings yet
Public Participation Towards Managing Cultural Heritage
9 pages
Veldpausetal - Urban Heritage Putting The Past Into Future - 2013
No ratings yet
Veldpausetal - Urban Heritage Putting The Past Into Future - 2013
17 pages
Why Should We Care About Our Heritage - Ar. Kanchi Choudhary
No ratings yet
Why Should We Care About Our Heritage - Ar. Kanchi Choudhary
7 pages
Hriday Reflections - 02
No ratings yet
Hriday Reflections - 02
170 pages
The Applications of Urban Planning Criteria in Urban Conservation
No ratings yet
The Applications of Urban Planning Criteria in Urban Conservation
12 pages
New Architecture and Urbanism Development of Indian Traditions Deependra Prashad Online PDF
100% (2)
New Architecture and Urbanism Development of Indian Traditions Deependra Prashad Online PDF
161 pages
Heritage-Focused City Development Guide
No ratings yet
Heritage-Focused City Development Guide
16 pages
Heritage: A Suplement To Toolkit On Formulation of City Development Plan
No ratings yet
Heritage: A Suplement To Toolkit On Formulation of City Development Plan
16 pages
Nizamuddin Urban Renewal Focus
No ratings yet
Nizamuddin Urban Renewal Focus
23 pages
Urban Heritagein India
No ratings yet
Urban Heritagein India
10 pages
Conservation 4 - Sarthak Pathania
No ratings yet
Conservation 4 - Sarthak Pathania
7 pages
Proceedings of Seminar On Emerging Trends in Public Architecture 10 Sep PDF
No ratings yet
Proceedings of Seminar On Emerging Trends in Public Architecture 10 Sep PDF
210 pages
Hul Approach Explained
No ratings yet
Hul Approach Explained
24 pages
Heritage and Sustainable Urban Transformations
No ratings yet
Heritage and Sustainable Urban Transformations
295 pages
Sustaining Our Cultural Legacy: United States
No ratings yet
Sustaining Our Cultural Legacy: United States
5 pages
Sustainability 12 02172 v2 PDF
No ratings yet
Sustainability 12 02172 v2 PDF
26 pages
2023 - Cilisia - Monitoring and Assessment Heritage Tool
No ratings yet
2023 - Cilisia - Monitoring and Assessment Heritage Tool
13 pages
What Is Built Heritage?
No ratings yet
What Is Built Heritage?
23 pages
Urban Heritage Conservation Guide
No ratings yet
Urban Heritage Conservation Guide
12 pages
Icoa 661a Bari SM
No ratings yet
Icoa 661a Bari SM
14 pages
Template For Preparation of City HRIDAY Plan
No ratings yet
Template For Preparation of City HRIDAY Plan
21 pages
Case Study 2 Bhopal PDF
No ratings yet
Case Study 2 Bhopal PDF
6 pages
Urban Heritage Practices
No ratings yet
Urban Heritage Practices
18 pages
Souparna Ghosh 2015A1PS703H
No ratings yet
Souparna Ghosh 2015A1PS703H
4 pages
Dissertation - Urban Villages of Delhi
50% (2)
Dissertation - Urban Villages of Delhi
6 pages
Heritage Regeneration Models For Traditional Court
No ratings yet
Heritage Regeneration Models For Traditional Court
25 pages
Final Report On Survey of Rajasthan Pura Sampada
No ratings yet
Final Report On Survey of Rajasthan Pura Sampada
7 pages
Urban and Development Planning
No ratings yet
Urban and Development Planning
12 pages
Sustainability 11 04105 PDF
No ratings yet
Sustainability 11 04105 PDF
20 pages
Madurai
100% (1)
Madurai
26 pages
Urban Interventions in Historic Districts As An Approach To Upgrade The Local Communities
No ratings yet
Urban Interventions in Historic Districts As An Approach To Upgrade The Local Communities
37 pages
The Potential of Heritage Structures For Becoming Socialization Spaces in The Present Context: A Case of Vijaypura, Karnataka
No ratings yet
The Potential of Heritage Structures For Becoming Socialization Spaces in The Present Context: A Case of Vijaypura, Karnataka
11 pages
Community Museum Project + TCTB + Revised
No ratings yet
Community Museum Project + TCTB + Revised
21 pages
Icoa1732: Repurposing Unbuilt Heritage For The Community: Creating Equitable Public Spaces in India
No ratings yet
Icoa1732: Repurposing Unbuilt Heritage For The Community: Creating Equitable Public Spaces in India
11 pages
2013 Urban Heritage Putting The Past Into The Future
No ratings yet
2013 Urban Heritage Putting The Past Into The Future
16 pages
Adaptive Reuse of Apartments As Heritage Assets in
No ratings yet
Adaptive Reuse of Apartments As Heritage Assets in
32 pages
Heritage Conservation
No ratings yet
Heritage Conservation
17 pages
Project Status of SCM AMRUT HRIDAY SBM SWM As On 02.01.2017
No ratings yet
Project Status of SCM AMRUT HRIDAY SBM SWM As On 02.01.2017
68 pages
Learnathon 2.0 Category Guidelines Academia
No ratings yet
Learnathon 2.0 Category Guidelines Academia
2 pages
Belonging Memory and History in The North Nottin - 2018 - Journal of Historical
No ratings yet
Belonging Memory and History in The North Nottin - 2018 - Journal of Historical
13 pages
As
No ratings yet
As
1 page
Conservation of Forts in Maharashtra Through
No ratings yet
Conservation of Forts in Maharashtra Through
8 pages
Technical Meeting No.57
No ratings yet
Technical Meeting No.57
10 pages
Coconut Chips
No ratings yet
Coconut Chips
14 pages
4 - ITU Standards and Network Deployment Guidelines
100% (5)
4 - ITU Standards and Network Deployment Guidelines
87 pages
66penetration Testing and Vulnerability Scanning of Web Application Using Burp Suite
No ratings yet
66penetration Testing and Vulnerability Scanning of Web Application Using Burp Suite
7 pages
"3D Art Techniques & Tutorials"
No ratings yet
"3D Art Techniques & Tutorials"
100 pages
Social Work Jurisprudence
100% (1)
Social Work Jurisprudence
2 pages
Land Title Disputes Explained
No ratings yet
Land Title Disputes Explained
2 pages
NETA-01 Ethernet Adapter User's Manual Rev C
No ratings yet
NETA-01 Ethernet Adapter User's Manual Rev C
68 pages
50OhmCoax 311601 PDF
No ratings yet
50OhmCoax 311601 PDF
1 page
Automic - Automation 24.2.0 2024-10-23 Update-Information
No ratings yet
Automic - Automation 24.2.0 2024-10-23 Update-Information
4 pages
Data Modeling: This Class: Hand in Exercises On Paper After Class Next Class: No Reading. Exercises Due After Class
No ratings yet
Data Modeling: This Class: Hand in Exercises On Paper After Class Next Class: No Reading. Exercises Due After Class
20 pages
Getting Started For non-US Investors - Bogleheads
No ratings yet
Getting Started For non-US Investors - Bogleheads
2 pages
Grade 7 Front Office Basics
No ratings yet
Grade 7 Front Office Basics
16 pages
Release Waiver Quitclaim Undertaking Blank
No ratings yet
Release Waiver Quitclaim Undertaking Blank
1 page
Iimv ML Ai
No ratings yet
Iimv ML Ai
18 pages
Indwdhi 20231231
No ratings yet
Indwdhi 20231231
1 page
Shanto-Mariam University of Creative Technology: Module Name: Shipping and Banking Module Code: AMM-4323
No ratings yet
Shanto-Mariam University of Creative Technology: Module Name: Shipping and Banking Module Code: AMM-4323
16 pages
Tugas1 - 122220040 - THARIQ ZATA WAFI - TI B
No ratings yet
Tugas1 - 122220040 - THARIQ ZATA WAFI - TI B
3 pages
Anaesthetic and Respiratory Equipment - Laryngoscopes For Tracheal Intubation
No ratings yet
Anaesthetic and Respiratory Equipment - Laryngoscopes For Tracheal Intubation
2 pages
G Cem4000 Ops B
100% (1)
G Cem4000 Ops B
106 pages
Infrastructure
No ratings yet
Infrastructure
6 pages
The Wizz Pricelist
No ratings yet
The Wizz Pricelist
46 pages
Internet Bill March
No ratings yet
Internet Bill March
1 page
BT 406 M.C.Q File by Amaan Khan
No ratings yet
BT 406 M.C.Q File by Amaan Khan
37 pages
Capital Budgeting Techniques - DDMK
No ratings yet
Capital Budgeting Techniques - DDMK
89 pages
Suggested Reading Topics in Community Medicine
No ratings yet
Suggested Reading Topics in Community Medicine
16 pages
2004 Reddick
No ratings yet
2004 Reddick
14 pages
Earth Bombs Edited 2 2 PDF
No ratings yet
Earth Bombs Edited 2 2 PDF
41 pages
Ch5 Admission of A Partner Q41 60
No ratings yet
Ch5 Admission of A Partner Q41 60
35 pages
Self-Test 1
No ratings yet
Self-Test 1
8 pages

Compendium of Best Practices in Urban Heritage Management - Niua

Uploaded by

Compendium of Best Practices in Urban Heritage Management - Niua

Uploaded by

Published by

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF URBAN AFFAIRS, NEW DELHI

National Institute of Urban Affairs

Research and compilation by:

Edited & Guided by:

Indian and International Best Practices of Urban Heritage Management

Parameters in HUL Approach Factors in HUL approach

INTRODUCTION TO HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE APPROACH 03

Culture, as an element has long been absent from

Integrates the social, cultural, environmental and

A flexible and dynamic approach which helps facilitate

Considers various urban issues and focuses beyond the

Focuses on developing and providing high infrastructure

INTRODUCTION TO HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE APPROACH 05

Traditional Urban Inclusive

• Top-down and technical • Bottom-up with involvement of

• Sector-based interventions • Area-based inventions

Regulatory Financial Economics

Civic Knowledge and Regulatory Financial tools

INTRODUCTION TO HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE APPROACH 07

Undertake comprehensive surveys and mapping of the city’s natural,

Reach a reasonable degree of consensus, using participatory planning

Assess the vulnerability of these attributes with regard to socio-

Prioritise policies and actions for conservation and development.

Establish appropriate partnerships and local management frameworks for

Hydrology and natural features

Land use pattern and spatial

Open space and gardens

Infrastructure networks ( physical and

Perceptions and visual relationships

Social and cultural practices and values

Economic processes and economic

Tangible and intangible dimension of

INTRODUCTION TO HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE APPROACH 09

More high-end service-sector

Improved planning and design Attracting more tourism

High revenues for heritage

© Kate Bennett © Ian G Dagnall / Alamy Stock Photo

INTRODUCTION TO HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE APPROACH 11

ISTANBUL, TURKEY RAWALPINDI, PAKISTAN AJMER-

SHANGHAI, CHINA BALLARAT,

1,01,578 739 km2

Local Authority, Ballarat

Ballarat, a city located in western

• First Australian city to be a part of the WHITRAP pilot programme.

INAPPROPRIATE CHANGING ECONOMIC

Loss of places and settings that As the traditional employment sectors

Status of HUL implementation

Ballarat Imagine – Ambitious Finance provided from the local

Cultural mapping through

Local area participation, advisory

Ballarat strategy plan and layers of Ballarat Heritage Advisory Committee

Protection plan – Ballarat heritage

Other interesting reads on Ballarat

Hongkou River Area,

10,200 636 km2

Shanghai is one of the four direct-

• Commercial Port area

©Wang Rongjiang / SHINE ©Gregory Bracken

First settlement Became an Industries and Development of Urban renewal HUL

Status of HUL Approach

Adopted HUL approach in 2014 Statutory Integration Research and Development

Public participation as major tool –

Revolving loan funds, Tax Increment

Consultation on the local development

Creative industries introduced to Conservation methodologies and models)

Shanghai Regulation, 2003 - conservation

1 Target of conservation was changed from

Other interesting reads on Shanghai

Rawalpindi, a city located in the

• An important administrative, commercial, and industrial centre.

The physical fabric and sense of the place

CONDITION OF NO PROVISIONAL LEGISLATION LOSS OF CULTURAL

Status of HUL Approach

Adopted HUL approach in 2013 Statutory Integration Research and Development

Neighborhood Upgrading with the Adaptive reuse of old heritage building by