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18-Introduction to Python-Basics, DataTypes

This document provides an introduction to Python programming, covering its syntax, key terminology, and data types. It discusses the basics of Python, including comments, variables, and rules for defining variables, as well as different data types such as integers, floats, and strings. The document also includes classroom activities and references for further learning.

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1 views

18-Introduction to Python-Basics, DataTypes

This document provides an introduction to Python programming, covering its syntax, key terminology, and data types. It discusses the basics of Python, including comments, variables, and rules for defining variables, as well as different data types such as integers, floats, and strings. The document also includes classroom activities and references for further learning.

Uploaded by

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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CSD102 Data Science

Session – 16

Introduction to Python Programming


(Python Syntax, Key terminology, Data types)

Ahmedabad University
Topics to be covered

❑ Introduction to Python
❑ Basics of Python Programming
❑ Understanding Python Shell
❑ Comments, Variables
❑ Rules for defining variables
❑ Python Data Types – integers, float, string,
collections
Introduction to Python

Introduction to Python

 Python is an easy to learn and very powerful


programming language. It has efficient data structures
and a simple approach to object-oriented programming.

 Python’s syntax together with its interpreted nature, make


it an ideal language for scripting and rapid application
development.

 The Python interpreter and the python standard library


are freely available for all major platforms from the
Python’s official web site, https://www.python.org/.
Introduction to Python

Why it is called Python?

Python programming language was originally designed by Guido


van Rossum.

When he began implementing Python, he was also reading the


scripts from “Monty Python’s Flying Circus” (a BBC comedy
series). He wanted a short, unique, and slightly mysterious name
of language, so he decided to call the language Python.

Python computer language has nothing to do with reptiles


(pythons).
Introduction to Python Programming

Demonstration using
Python 3 IDLE Shell
Introduction to Python Programming
Demonstration of Python 3 IDLE Shell
Python - Comments

Comments in Python

 It is good practice to write comments in program code.

 In the header part of your program, you can write your


name, date of program and practical definition.

 Comments are also used to describe the program logic.


Python - Comments
Example of Comments in Python Code

# This is the sample comment.


# Program is developed by K Patel.
# Date: 20-August-2020
# Definition: Python program to print Hello Python message.

print ("Hello Python Practicals")

Following # is not a comment as it is written inside a string

>>> print ("#Hello Python Practicals")


#Hello Python Practicals
Variables in Python

What are variables?

 Variables are names given to some data or information


that we want to store in computer programs.

 For example, our program wants to store the marks of


a student. For that, we can declare the
variable studentMarks using the following python
statement.

studentMarks = 0
Variables in Python
A variable can have a short name (like x and y) or a more descriptive
like (age, studentName, totalVolume).

We can also define multiple variables using single python statement


as shown below:

rollNo, studentMarks, studentName = 101, 90, ‘KP’

Above statement is equivalent to following three statements:

rollNo = 101
studentMarks = 90
studentName = ‘KP’
Variables in Python

Important Rules for Python variables

 A variable name must start with a letter or the underscore


character
 A variable name cannot start with a number
 A variable name can only contain alpha-numeric characters and
underscores (A-z, 0-9, and _ )
 Variable names are case-sensitive (age, Age and AGE are three
different variables)
Variables in Python

Important Rules for Python variables

Examples of Valid Python Variable Names


 studentName, student_name, studentName1, Name2, Age, age1

Examples Invalid Python Variable Names


 1_name, 123, while, if, name@1, @123
Use of Undefined Variable

❑ Trying to use undefined variables will result in an error. In


following python code, we are trying to use num variable which
is not defined so far. This will result in error as shown below:

>>> num # trying to use an undefined variable


Traceback (most recent call last):
File “<pyshell#10>”, line 1, in &lt;module&gt;
NameError: name ‘num’ is not defined
Operations on Variables

❑ In interpreter, the last printed expression is assigned to


the variable _. This means that when you are using
Python as a simple calculator, it is easier to continue
calculations, for example:
>>> sum=0
>>> n1=5
>>> n2=10
>>> n1 + n2
15
>>> sum + _
15

This variable should be treated as read-only by the programmer.


Don’t explicitly assign a value to it ( _ variable).
Python Booleans

Booleans represent one of two values: True or False.

Boolean Values
In programming you often need to know if an expression is True
or False.

You can evaluate any expression in Python, and get one of two
answers, True or False.

When you compare two values, the expression is evaluated and


Python returns the Boolean answer:
Python Booleans

Examples

print(10 > 9)
print(10 == 9)
print(10 < 9)

True
False
False
Python Booleans

Examples
When you run a condition in an if statement, Python returns True
or False:

a = 200
b = 33

if b > a:
print("b is greater than a")
else:
print("b is not greater than a")
Data Types in Programming
Python Data Types

In programming languages, different data types (e.g. int,


float, string etc.) are used to store different categories of
data (e.g. integer, floating point numbers, string, etc).

Let’s learn some of the basic data types of Python


programming - integer, float and string.

Python also supports many advanced data types like list,


tuple, dictionary, etc. that we will discuss later.
Python Data Types
Integers
Integer data type is used to store numbers with no decimal
parts. Examples of integer data types are 5, 10, 20, 101, -
100, -505 etc.

To declare an integer data type in Python programming,


simply write

NameOfVariable = some initial value

Example:

marks = 85
rollNo = 2019101
Python Data Types
Floating point
More popularly known as float, which refers to numbers that
have decimal parts. Examples are 12.34, 0.001, 0.050,
101.001.

To declare a float variable in Python, write

NameOfVariable = some initial value

Example:

studentHeight = 5.75
studentAge = 21.5
Python Data Types
String
String data type is used to store text. To declare a string variable, you can write
any of the following syntax

NameOfvariable = ‘some initial value’ (single quotes)

or

NameOfvariable = “some initial value” (double quotes)

Example:

StudentName = ‘K Patel’
StudentAddress = “Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India”
studentAge = ’25’

In the last example, studentAge is a string type of variable as it is written in


single quote. In contrast, if we write studentAge = 25 (without quotes), it
becomes is an integer type variable.
Classroom Activity
Python basics, variables and data types:

Which of the following character can be used to specify comments in


Python?
A. #
B. $
C. //
D. none of these

In python, variable name cannot start with a __________.


A. number
B. letter
C. underscore
D. none of these
Classroom Activity
Predict output:

>>> 11 / 2

>>> print(10 == 9)

>>> print(10<8)

Demonstrations
Topics covered and References

 Introduction to Python
 Basics of Python Programming
 Comments
 Variables
 Rules for defining variables
 Python Data Types

 https://docs.python.org

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