Types of Construction
Equipments
1. Type of Construction Equipment
1. Educational objectives : Understanding of Construction equipment’s type
Excavation machine Excavator ( Crawler, Wheel )
Construction Equipment
Loading machine Wheel loader, Crawler loader, Skid steer loader, Backhoe loader
Grading machine Dozer, Motor grader
Transport machine Fork lift, Rigid dump truck, Articulated dump truck
Lifting machine Crawler crane, Truck crane, Rough terrrain crane, All Terrain crane
Foundation machine Pile driver, Drilling machine, Tunnel boring machine, Hammer
Ramming machine Roller, Rammer
Aggregate machine Crusher, Separator, Gravel digging equipment
Concrete machine Concrete pump. Concrete mixer
Road wrapping machine Asphalt finisher, asphalt spreader
1. Excavation machine
(1) EXCAVATOR
The excavator is a multipurpose machine that is used for a wide range of
tasks such as land reclamation, road and sewer construction, tunnel and
subway construction, sand and gravel extraction, forest clearing construction,
and earth loading work.
- Type
[Travel device]
- Crawler type : This is caterpillar track type, and it is easy to work in sandy soil,
wetland, and rugged area because of its large ground area
and low ground pressure.
- Wheel type : It is excellent mobility, equipped with dozer blade or out trigger
for stability.
[Weight of machine]
- Mini excavator : Less than 6 ton ( Less than 1 ton : Super-mini excavator )
- Small, Middle, Large type excavator : 6~70 ton
- Super-large excavator : More than 75 ton
Mini Excavator
Middle type Super-large
[Working method]
excavator Excavator
- Backhoe type : It is used generally.
- Shovel type : It is mounted at Super-large excavator using at the mining site.
[Working Usage] :
- Special working equipment : Telescopic Excavator( Vertical excavation),
Long Reach Excavator ( Aggregate Collection ),
Super-large Excavator ( Loading large capacity ),
Swing Boom Excavator( Narrow space work ),
2-Piece Boom Excavator ( Road transport regulation, Proximity digging)
TELESCOPIC SWING BOOM EXCAVATOR 2 PIECE BOOM EXCAVATOR LONGREACH EXCAVATOR
EXCAVATOR Super-large
EXCAVATOR
- Working condition : Forest machines such as Delimber, Feller Buncher
High chassis,
FELLER BUNCHER
DELIMBER
HIGH CHASSIS
Forest machine
Feller buncher Grapple skid Delimber
Loader
Harvester Log forwarder
- Special attachment : Breaker. Cramshell, Crusher. Quick coupler
HYD BREAKER
CRAMSHELL
2. Loading Machine
(1) LOADER
The loader is a bucket on the front of the equipment, mounted on the boom
and linkage, which transports, loads or unloads work materials. The bucket
capacity is indicated by ㎥.
1) Type
[ Travel type ]
- Wheel type : is equipped with tires and has excellent maneuverability
in a flat work area. It is widely used in the workplace.
- Crawler type :is equipped with infinite crawler tracks, suitable for uneven roads,
but not good for long distance and maneuverability.
[ Steering type]
- Rigid frame : This change of direction is made by the front axle, It is mainly applied
to equipment less than 5 tons.
- Articulated frame : It is redirected by a steering cyl mounted between the front frame
and the rear frame
[Linkage type]
- Z-BAR type : It has great excavation force and reduces the dump speed
at dump end to reduce impact.
- PARALLEL type : Large dump angle and good front view.
The bucket or fork can rise horizontally, and is widely used
as a TOOL CARRIER.
[Working Usage] : The loader can be equipped with various bucket types instead of general
buckets to perform a wide range of operations
General Purpose bucket, Rock bucket, Multi-purpose bucket, Light Material bucket
Wood chip bucket, Pallet bucket, Log fork bucket, Skeleton bucket, Rake bucket,
Dozer blade, Snow blade
GENERAL PURPOSE BUCKET DUMP BUCKET WOOD CHIP BUCKET LIGHT MATERIAL BUCKET
ROCK BUCKET
SKELETON BUCKET PALLET BUCKET SNOW BLADE BUCKET
MULTI PURPOSE BUCKET
LOG FORK RAKE BUCKET
(2) SKID STEER LOADER
Skid is a multipurpose machine that can perform a wide range of operations by mounting various
working devices.
The wheel type is four-wheel drive and can rotate 360 degrees.
Types
[Travellling type]
- Wheel type : Multi-purpose
- Crawler type : For wet and rough grounds
[Working Usage] :
- Auger drill, Backhoe, Breaker, Brush cutter, Chipper. Dozer blade, Grader, Grapple
Pallet fork, Planer, Snow blower, Sweeper , Trencher, Wheel saw
AUGER BACKHOE BREAKER BRUSH CUTTER CHIPPER
DOZER BLADE GRADER GRAPPLE PALLET FORK
SNOW BLOWER
SWIPPER
TRENCHER WHEEL SAW
(3) BAKHOE LOADER
It is a small loader and excavator combined equipment. It is mainly used for small
construction site or agricultural use.
3. GRADING MACHINE
(1) DOZER
The dozer is a machine that pushes a lot of dirt, sand and stones
to dosing, digging, and cutting.
[Travelling type]
- Crawler type : It is divided into standard, wide, long and
wetland depending on the ground pressure
of the track.
- Wheel type : The tire type looks similar to the wheel loader.
[Dozer type]
- STRAIGHT DOZER : This maintains proper oyster force with blade angle
adjustment. It is easy to slope and narrow work.
- ANGLE DOZER : The blade rotates 25 degrees to the left and right.
Clear and side work is efficient.
- UNIVERSAL DOZER : It is suitable for large-sized crushing work of soft ground
by attaching wing which maintains 25 degrees to the left
and right of the blade.
SEMI-UNIVERSAL DOZER : It has a 25-degree WING on both sides of the blade
for high efficiency in rocky areas
- POWER ANGLE & TILT DOZER : Mainly used for small dozer.
SEMI- UNIVERSAL DOZER POWER ANGLE & TILT DOZER
STRAIGHT DOZER ANGLE DOZER
(2) Motor Grader
This can be seen mainly on the road construction site, which is a device to flatten the
ground. This machine moves the blade between the front and rear wheels of the long
body, flattening the ground evenly.
5. Logistics Carrying Machine
(1) FORK LIFT
① Machine that carries, loads or unloads goods to the vehicles or equipment.
(All-wheel drive and rear-wheel steering).
② Type [ By power source]
- Engine : It is maneuverable and is mostly used for heavy work.
- Battery : It is used in places that require noiseless and pollution-free. Counter type
and reach type are available depending on counterweight structure.
Engine Battery Reach type
Counter type
[By tire type]
- Double wheel : Mainly used for heavy cargo operations.
- Single wheel : This is used for mobility purposes.
[By Working usage] : It is used extensively with various working devices.
- Side shifter, Hinged bucket, Load stabilizer, Rotating fork, Paper roll clamp, Ram
[By Working usage] : It is used extensively with various working devices.
- Side shifter, Hinged bucket, Load stabilizer, Rotating fork,
Paper roll clamp, Ram
SIDE SHIFT HINGED BUCKET
LOAD STABILIZER
ROTATING FORK
6. Large transportation Equipment
RIGID DUMP TRUCK ARTICULATE DUMP TRUCK
7. Lifting Machine
- CRAWLER CRANE TRUCK CRANE ROUGH TERRAIN CRANE
ALL TERRAIN CRANE
8. Foundation Work Equipment
항타기
Pile puller
Boring machine
천공기
Tunnel Boring machine
Air Compressor
9. Ramming machine
ROLLER
RAMMER
10. Aggregate production machine
CRUSHER Separator Gravel separating
equipment
11. Concrete machine
Concrete Mix car
Concrete Pump Car
12. Road Paving machine
Asphalt Asphalt Concrete Asphalt Mixing
Finisher distributor Finisher plant
