UNIT 11: OUR GREENER WORLD

A. VOCABULARY
- air pollution /eər pəˈlu·ʃən/ (n): ô nhiễm không khí
- soil pollution /sɔɪl pəˈlu·ʃən/ (n): ô nhiễm đất
- deforestation /diːˌfɔːr.əˈsteɪ.ʃən/ (n): nạn phá rừng, sự phá rừng
- noise pollution /nɔɪz pəˈlu·ʃən/ (n): ô nhiễm tiếng ồn
- water pollution /ˈwɔ·t̬ər pəˈlu·ʃən/ (n): ô nhiễm nước
- be in need /bɪ ɪn nid/ (v): cần
- caus e /kɔz/ (v): gây ra
- charity /ˈtʃær·ɪ·t̬i/ (n): từ thiện
- disappear /ˌdɪs·əˈpɪər/ (v): biến mất
- do a survey /du eɪ ˈsɜr·veɪ/: tiến hành cuộc điều tra
- effect /ɪˈfɛkt/ (n): ảnh hưởng
- electricity /ɪˌlekˈtrɪs·ət̬·i/ (n): điện
- energy /ˈen·ər·dʒi/ (n): năng lượng
- environment /ɪnˈvɑɪ·rən·mənt/ (n): môi trường
- exchange /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/ (v): trao đổi
- invite /ɪnˈvɑɪt/ (v): mời
- natural /ˈnætʃ·ər·əl/ (adj): tự nhièn
- pollute /pəˈlut/ (v): làm ô nhiễm
- pollution /pəˈlu·ʃən/ (n): sự ô nhiễm
- president /ˈprez·ɪ·dənt/ (n): chủ tịch
- recycle /riˈsɑɪ·kəl/ (v): tái chế
- recycling bin /ˌriːˈsaɪ.klɪŋ bɪn/ (n): thùng đựng đồ tái chế
- reduce /rɪˈdus/ (v): giảm
- refillable /ˌriːˈfɪl.ə.bəl/ (adj): có thể bơm, làm đầy lại
- reuse /riˈjuz/ (v): tái sử dụng
- sea level /ˈsi ˌlev·əl/ (n): mực nước biển
- swap /swɑːp/ (v) trao đổi
- wrap /ræp/ (v) gói, bọc
B. GRAMMAR
Câu điều kiện loại 1
1. Định nghĩa
- Câu điều kiện gồm có hai phần: mệnh đề chỉ điều kiện (if – clause) và mệnh đề chỉ kết quả
(result clause).
Ví dụ: If the weather is fine, I will go camping with my friends tomorrow.
( Nếu thời tiết đẹp thì ngày mai tôi sẽ đi cắm traij với bạn của tôi)
- Ở ví dụ trên, mệnh đề “ If the weather is fine” là mệnh đề chỉ điều kiện và mệnh đề “ I will go
camping with my friends tomorrow” là mệnh đề chỉ kết quả ( mệnh đề chính).
- Mệnh đề IF và mệnh đề chính có thể đứng trước hay sau đều được.
Ví dụ: I will go camping with my friends tomorrow ì the weather í fine.
2. Cấu trúc
Chức năng Dùng để diễn tả một hành động có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoăc tương lai.
Cấu trúc If + S + V(s/es) + bổ ngữ, S + will + V nguyên mẫu + (bổ ngữ)
(Thì hiện tại đơn) (Thì Tương lai đơn)
Mệnh đề IF dùng thì hiện tại đơn, mệnh đề chính dùng thì tương lai đơn.
Ví dụ - If I have enough money, I will buy a new computer. ( Nếu tôi có đủ tiền thì tôi sẽ
mua một chiếc máy tính mới.)
- Ì you work hard, you will make a lot of money. ( Nếu bạn làm việc chăm chỉ thì
bạn sẽ kiếm được nhiều tiền.)
Lưu ý Unless = If + not
If = Unless + not
Ví dụ:
- If he doesn’t do his homework, his mother will complain him.
=> Unless he does his homework, his mother will complain him.
- If you don’t send her to the hospital, she will die.
=> Unless you send her to the hospital, she will die.
Có thể dung các động từ must, have to, can, may, should thay cho will trong
mệnh đề chính.
Ví dụ:
- If it rains heavily, you can stay here. ( Nếu trời mưa to thì bạn có thể ở lại đây.)
- If you want to see that film, you must buy a ticket. ( Nếu bạn muốn xem bộ phim
đó thì bạn phải mua vé.)
BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN
Bài 1: Khoanh vào phương án thích hợp để đặt trong các câu điều kiện loại 1 dưới đây.
1. If she (reads/ read) in bad light, she will run her eyes.
2. If I find your book, I (will phone/ could phone) you at once.
3. I will get angry if you (make/ will make) more mistakes.
4. If you don’t believe what I said. (ask/ will ask) your father.
5. If I study hard, I (pass/ will pass) this year’s exam.
6. If the weather is fine, we (go/ will go) on a picnic.
7. If I (go/ will go) to Paris, I will visit the Eiffel Tower.
8. If they don’t invite me, I (don’t go/ won’t go).
9. If he (got/ gets) my email, he will send the information we need.
10. If she travels to London, she (will visit/ visits) the museums.
11. If I (will get/ get) the money, I will buy a mobile phone.
12. If you make trouble, I (will send/ will sent) you to the principal.
13. If I (had/ have) enough time this evening, I will watch a movie.
14. If he has money, he (will lends/ will lend) me what I need.
15. If you (eat/ will eat) greasy food, you will become fat.
16. If your sister goes to Paris, she (has/ will have) a good time.
17. If he (will do/ does) that, he will be sorry.
18. If I leave now, I (will arrive/ arrive) in New York by 8:00 pm.
19. You (won’t do well/ don’t do well) on your test if you don’t study.
20. They won’t know the truth if you (won’t tell/ don’t tell) them.
21. If I bake a cake, (will you/ do you) have some?
22. If he (will call/ calls) you, will you answer the phone?
23. If you don’t go to the party, I (am/ will be) very upset.
24. If you get a haircut, you (will look/ look) much better.
Bài 2: Chọn câu trả lời đúng cho mỗi câu sau.
1. My dog ___ bark unless it is hungry.
A. don’t B. won’t
2. Unless you ___ to go to bed early, we should go out.
A. wants B. want
3. ___ you don’t slow down, we are going to crash!
A. If B. Unless
4. You cannot go into bars ___ you are over 18.
A. If B. unless
5. In my country, ____ you cannot speak English, it’s hard to get a good job.
A. if B. unless
6. She’ll fail the exam if she ___ study.
A. if B. doesn’t
7. We’ll be late ____ we leave soon.
A. if B. unless
8. ___ I am not feeling better tomorrow I will go to the doctor’s.
A. Unless B. If
9. ____ you do not make the payment in time, your car will be confiscated.
A. If B. Unless
10. You will lose your job ___ you change your attitude and become friendlier.
A. unless B. If
11. She won’t know the truth ___ you tell it to her.
A. unless B. if
12. ____ you arrive early, you’ll be able to meet the customers before the meeting.
A. Unless B. If
13. ____ she eats healthy food, she won’t lose some weight.
A. Unless B. If
14. They won’t arrive on time ___ they finish the work early.
A. unless B. if
15. Will she able to eat some cake ___ I put eggs in it?
A. unless B. if
Bài 3: Hoàn thành các câu sau đây theo điều kiện loại 1 của những từ trong ngoặc.
1. If you (send) ___________ this letter now, she (receive) ______________ it tomorrow.
2. If I (do) ______________ this test, I (improve) _______________ my English.
3. If I (find) _____________ your ring, I (give) _____________ it back to you.
4. Peggy (go) ____________ shopping if she ( have) _____________ time in the afternoon.
5. Simon (go) _____________ to London next week if he (get) ___________ a cheap flight.
6. If her boyfriend (phone/not) ____________ today, she (leave) _________ him.
7. If they (study/not) ______________harder, they (pass/not) ______________ the exam.
8. If it (rain) _____________ tomorrow, I (have to/ not)_____________ water plants.
9. You (be able/ not) ___________ to sleep if you (watch) ___________ this scary film.
10. Susan (can/move/not) _______________ into the new house if it (be/not) ____________
ready on time.
11. If I (study) ___________, I (pass) ____________ the exams.
12. If the sun (shine) ____________, we (walk) ______________ into town.
13. If he (have) ___________ a temperature, he (see) __________ the doctor.
14. If my friends (come) ____________, I (be) ___________ very happy.
15. IF she (earn) ___________ a lot of money, she (fly) ___________ to New York.
16. If we (travel) ____________ to London, we (visit) ____________ the museums.
17. If you (wear) ____________ sandals in the mountains, you (slip) ____________ on the
rocks.
18. If Rita (forget) _____________ her homework, the teacher (give) _________ her low mark.
19. If they (go) _____________ to the disco, they (listen) ____________ to loud music.
20. If you (wait) ___________ a minute, I (ask) ___________ my parents.
Bài 4: Viết lại câu sau đây ở dạng câu điều kiện loại 1.
1. He can’t go out because he has to study for his exam.
=> If ____________________________________________________________
2. She is lazy so she can’t pass the exam.
=> If ____________________________________________________________
3. He will pay me tonight; I will have enough money to buy a ca.
=> If ____________________________________________________________
4. He smokes too much; that’s why he can’t get rid of his cough.
=> If ____________________________________________________________
5. She is very shy, so she doesn’t enjoy the party.
=> If ____________________________________________________________
6. I will get work permit. I will stay for another month.
=> If ____________________________________________________________
7. He doesn’t take any exercises. He is so unhealthy.
=> If ____________________________________________________________
8. We can’t get the ticket because I don’t have money.
=> If ____________________________________________________________
9. Study hard or you won’t pass the exam.
=> If ____________________________________________________________
10. Don’t be impatient or you will make mistakes.
=> If ____________________________________________________________
Bài 5: Chọn đáp án đúng để điền vào đoạn văn sau.
South-east Asia (1)_____ many attractions, so you could visit many ancient monuments. The
attractions range from the beautiful Khmer temples of Angkor Wat to the huge Buddhist temples
of Borobudur in Java.
You may be interested (2) _____ the traditions of different cultures. You can (3) _____
different shows – from colorful dances in Thailand to shadow puppet shows in Indonesia. During
these shows, you can listen to and enjoy traditional music.
You may prefer the ocean. There (4) ____ a lot of resorts and thousands of kilometers of
beaches. You can (5) ______. You can drive and admire colorful corals and fish. You can sail
and enjoy healthy outdoor life.
1. A. has B. have C. having D. to have
2. A. on B. in C. at D. to
3. A. saw B. seeing C. see D. to see
4. A. is B. be C. will be D. are
5. A. swimming B. swim C. to swim D. swam
C.EXERCISES
TEST 1 UNIT 11
1. Put the words into two groups (/ a: / and / æ /)
 2. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced different.
1. A. brown B. now C. bowl D. how
2. A. packet B. egg C. lettuce D. lemon
3. A. chest B. lunch C. bench D. schools
4. A. lettuce B. tube C. music D. student
5. A. noodles B. shoulders C. packets D. tomatoes
3. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the
other words in each group.
1. A. mind B. climb C. exciting D. destination
2. A. sugar B. sorry C. seaside D. summer
3. A. busy B. why C. history D. family
4. A. page B. village C. luggage D. heritage
5. A. what B. which C. where D. who
4. Choose the word or phrase that best completes each unfinished sentence.
1. If someone into the store, smile and say, “May I help you?”
A. comes B. came C. will come D. would come
2. If you all of my questions, I anything to help you.
A. don’t answer / can’t do B. didn’t answer/ won’t do
C. wouldn’t answer/ can’t do D. wouldn’t answer/ couldn’t do
3. “Here’s my phone number.” - “Thanks, I you a call if I some help.”
A. will give / will need B. would give/ needed
C. give/ need D. will give/ need
4. The teacher was absent today, so the class was canceled. If she absent
again tomorrow, class tomorrow, too.
A. is / will cancel B. is/ will be canceled
C. was / would be canceled D. was/ would cancel
5. I won’t lend you this money you promise to pay it back.
A. in case B. if C. otherwise D. unless
6. there are some more ideas, we can end the meeting now.
A. Unless B. If C. As if D. In case
7. “It’s really raining.” “Yes. If the weather , we’ll have to camp somewhere else.
A. would get worse B. might get worse
C. gets worse D. should get worse
8. If anyone , him I back at 9 o’clock.
A. calls / tell / will be B. called / telling / would be
C. is calling / tells / am D. will call / to tell / am
9. If she asks for money, I her.
A. will give B. gave C. would give D. would have given
10. If I this exam, I’ll go to the university next summer.
A. pass B. to pass C. had passed D. passed
11. more information, please telephone our main office.
 A. If you will need B. Should you need
C. You should need D. If you needed
12. If Jack refuses to help, we manage without him.
A. have to B. will have to
C. had to D. are having to
13. I cannot buy a new computer I save enough money.
A. if B. even if C. unless D. as if
14. You will get a good seat if you first.
A. come B. came C. have come D. will come
15. We’ll be late unless we now.
A. leave B. don’t leave C. had left D. have left
16. We can reuse .
A. water B. air C. noise D. bottles
17. What does “reduce” mean?
A. using something again B. using something more
C. using something less D. collect something
18. What does “reuse” mean?
A. using something again B. using something more
C. using something less D. collect something
19. We shouldn’t rubbish on the street.
A. throw B. reuse C. wrap D. turn off
20. Polluted water can make fish .
A. live B. sleep C. grow D. die
21. We can use empty to make pencil boxes.
A. paper B. bottles C. bulbs D. plastic bag
22. Turn the lights when we go out.
A. of B. off C. on D. up
23. People should stop using so energy.
A. more B. less C. many D. much
24. Planting more to reduce pollution.
A. does B. flowers C. trees D. grass
25. means giving things to people in need.
A. Swap B. Charity C. Reuse D. Recycle
5. Choose the correct word.
1. If we miss/ willmiss the bus, we take/ will take the taxi.
2. I come/ will come over to your house if you rent/ will rent a DVD.
3. They see/ willsee the new Lara Croft film if they go/will go to the cinema.
4. She goes/ will go to the party if you invite/ will invite her.
5. You are/ will be on time if you run/ will run.
6. If he doesn’t stop/ won’t stop smoking, he has/ will have problems later.
7. If you help/ will help me, I lend/ will lend you that Beyonce’ CD.
8. If you don’t eat/ won’t eat fruits, you get/ will get a cold one day.
6. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses.
1. If I see him, I (give) him a lift.
2. The table will collapse if you (stand) on it.
3. If he (eat) all, he will be full.
4. If I find your passport, I (telephone) you at once.
5. The police (arrest) him if they catch him.
6. If he (read) in bad light, he will ruin his eyes.
7. Someone (steal) your car if you leave it unlocked.
8. What will happen if mv parachute (not open) ?
9. If he (wash) my car, I’ll give him $10.
10. If she (need) a radio, she can borrow me.
7. Give the correct form of the words.
1. Lan (be) very tired when she (catch) a bad cold two days ago.
2. Everybody (wait) for the president in the hall now.
3. You should (go) to bed early.
4. I hope you (feel) better soon.
5. She needs (eat) a lot vegetables and fruits.
6. He (not come) to the meeting last week.
7. My father never (take) medicine.
8. There (be) nobody there when I (arrive) yesterday.
8. Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed to make the
sentence correct.
1. If someone came into the store, smile and say, “May I help you?”
A B C D
2. If you try these cosmetics, you look five years younger.
A B C D
3. If you do not understand what were written in the book, you could ask Mr. Pike.
A B C D
4. I will come to meet Mr. Pike and tell him about your problems if you didn’t solve them
A B C D
yourself.
5. Sam will not graduate unless he doesn’t pass all the tests.
A B C D
6. If there isn’t enoughfood, we couldn’t continue our journey.
A B C D
7. Unless you pour oil on water, it will float.
A B C D
8. You haveto take a taxi home if you want to leave now.
A B C D
9. If anyone will phone, tell them I’ll be back at 11:00.
A B C D
10. We can hire a minibusif therewill be enough people.
A B C D
9. Complete the passage with the words given in the box.

Ba’s class has a (1) on waste paper. His friends are so to learn
that every day throughout the world, millions of newspapers and paper bags are
(3) away. People are collecting waste paper and (4) it.
Making paper (5) a lot of trees and labor. Now if people don’t
(6) paper, they can save (7) and money. Especially, people can
save the natural (8) . For every (9) of recycled newsprint, ten trees
can be saved. The more paper people save, the more natural resources are (10) .
10. Read the text. Each of the sentences has one mistake. Find and correct the mistakes.
AN ECO HOME
John Kangister and his wife, Kathy, live in an interesting house. It’s an eco home. Eco
homes don’t harm the environment. They don’t use coal or oil, so they don’t produce dangerous
gases.
John and Kathy’s eco home is in California, USA. It looks like a house from one of The
Lord of the Rings films. Most of the house is underground. The house was very cheap to build. It
has wooden walls and floors. The windows are recycled glass. There are solar panels to make
electricity for the lights, DVD players, and computers. John and Kathy get water from a well and
they grow vegetables in the mud on top of the house.
Now John and Kathy don’t want to live anywhere else. They love their home because it
helps the planet greener and it looks fantastic. They think that eco homes are a great idea for
everyone.
1. Eco home don’t produce dangerous chemicals.

2. Eco homes don’t use electricity.

3. The house was expensive to build.

4. The eco home has some floors.

5. John and Kathy grow flowers on top of the house.

11. Read the passage carefully, and then answer the questions.
GETTING BACK TO NATURE
The Little Morocco is a beautiful building. We used stone and mud to build the hotel. There
are skylights – windows in the roof to let light in – so we save electricity. The skylights give us
light in the day, so we don’t use electric lights. We don’t use chemicals to clean the rooms
because we don’t want to damage the environment.
You can walk in the mountains near the hotel and see lots of local wildlife. Enjoy a boat trip
on the lake and see the amazing waterfalls, or visit the beautiful caves.
1. What did they use to build the hotel?

2. How can the skylights help us to save electricity?

3. Why don’t they use chemicals to clean the rooms?

4. What can you see in the mountains?

5. What can you see when enjoying a boat trip on the lake?

12. Rewrite these sentences, using an “if” construction.

 Ex: I will go there. I will buy you a dog.
→ If I go there, I will buy you a dog.
1. He smokes so much, perhaps that’s why he can’t get rid of his cough,
→
2. She is very shy, that’s why she doesn’t enjoy parties.
→
3. I haven’t the right change so we can’t get tickets from the machine.
→
4. They speak French to her, not English, so her English doesn’t improve.
→
5. He doesn’t work overtime, so he doesn’t earn as much as I do.
→
6. My number isn’t in the directory so people don’t ring me up.
→
7. He is very thin perhaps that’s why he feels very cold.
→
8. I’m fat; that’s why I can’t get through the bathroom’s window.
→
9. He doesn’t help me, possible because I never ask him for help.
→
10. I can’t drive so we can’t take the car.
→
TEST 2 UNIT 11
1. Find the word which has a different sound in the underlined part.
1. A. can B. star C. bag D. that
2. A. far B. plant C. plan D. hat
3. A. plastic B. start C. stand D. land
4. A. smart B. channel C. cancer D. thanks
5. A. cart B. heart C. card D.animal
2. Find the word which has a different sound in the underlined part.
1. A. stand B. hand C.father D.apple
2. A.yard B.activity C.had D. automatic
3. A.bad B.cat C.bag D.calm
4. A.cameras B.fantastic C.part D.fact
5. A.dark B.travel C.cancel D.action

3. Choose the correct answers. of trees.

1. If we waste paper, we will save a lot of trees.

A.repeat B.recycle C.rewrite D.remake
2. If we plant more trees inthe schoolyard, the school will become a place.
A.greener B. darker C. dirtier D.more polluted
3. "Why do you often forget to the lights when you go out of the classroom?"
A.turn on B.turn off C.close D.shut down
4. "What can we do air pollution?"
A.reduce B.to reduce C.reducing D.to reducing
5. You can save money while shopping by only buying you need.
A. what B. it C. this D. that
6. "Reduce, reuse, recycle" is said to encourage people to waste less, by using less and
using things again, in order to the environment .
A. harm B.damage C.pollute D.protect
7. Please collect all the recyclable materials, and take them to the factory.
A.recycle B.recycled C. recyclable D.recycling
8. This newspaper is made of paper.
A.recycle B.recycled C.old D.waste
9. If we all use bags, we'll help the environment.
A.new B.cheap C.reusable D.reduced
10. These three Rs . reduce, reuse, and recycle
A.stand up B.stand for C.ask for D.means
11. If there is a rubbish bin in every class, the classroom will become .
A. harmful B. lighter C. dirtier D. cleaner
12. "Don't throw rubbish into the river because you will make it ."
A. greener B. dirty C. cleaner D. fresher
13. If we use paper, we will save a lot of trees.
A.fewer B.less C.more D.much
14. You should put the food in a reusable box plastic bag.
A. by B.instead of C.because of D.without
15. If people turn off all electric appliances in one hour all over the world, they can save
lots of .
A.electric B.electrical C.electrician D.electricity
16. It is a good idea to our clothes with our friends or cousins.
A.change B.swap C.turn D.send
17. Next week our class is having a discussion about finding ways to reuse old
items before throwing them away.
A.interested B.surprising C.useless D.creative
18. If you have old clothes, will you give them to those ?
A.needs B.to need C.for needing D.in need
19. My brother and I will give last year's clothes to instead of throwing them
away.
A.shop B.people C.charity D survey.
20. "Do you think we should put a bin in every classroom in order to keep it
clean?"
A.reusable B.recycled C.recycling D.recyclable
Reduce Reuse Recycle
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…………………………… …………………………… ……………………………
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4. Put the words from the box into the correct column. One word can belong to more
than one group.

5. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb.

1. If we win the money, we (buy) a new house.
2. We (go) on holiday if there is time .
3. If we (need) some help, we'll ask.
4. She (not write) to you if she leaves.
5. If Harry stays with his grandparents, Sally (not be) happy.
6. We (do) this for you if you want.
6. Choose the correct word.
1. If we miss/ will miss the bus, we take/ will take the taxi.
2. If you don't eat/ won't eat fruit, you get/ will get a cold.
3. If you help/ will help me, I lend/ will lend you that Beyoncé CD.
4. If he doesn't stop/ won't stop smoking, he has/ will have problems later.
5. You are/ will be on time if you run/ will run.
6. She goes/ will go to the party if you invite/ will invite her.
7. They see/ will see the new Lara Croft film if they go/ will go to the cinema.
8. I come/ will come over to your house if you rent/ will rent a DVD.
7. Match the phrases to form a sentence in the first conditional, and write the answer
in each blank.
1. If you wear that shirt a. it'll bite you
2. If you invite her to the cinema b. will you be at home?
3. If you touch that dog c. he'll have an accident.
4. If it's hot tomorrow d. we'll be home by ten.
5. If I phone you at nine e. you'll look really good.
6. If he drives that car fast f. will you buy some chocolate for me?
7. If we leave now g. we'll go to the beach.
8. If I give you some money h. I'm sure she'll say yes

8. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the
following passage.
Last month Lan's father (1) her to a glass factory. They visited the recycling
workshop where the broken glass was smashed (2) small pieces, and the glass was
washed with a particular detergent liquid. After that, it was dried up and mixed
(3) some chemicals. The mixture was put into a very (4) temperature
furnace to melt into liquid. The workers in the factory used long pipes (5 ) the liquid
into a variety of shapes. All the glassware looks nice. Lan was very impressed by the journey.
1. A. asked B. took C. told D. gave
2. A. under B. into C. in D. on
3. A. in B. of C. up D. with
4. A. high B. strong C. low D. weak
5. A. change B. to make C. to blow D. to have
9. Read the following passage, and then answer the questions below.
Every day of the year throughout the world, about twenty million paper bags and the
newspapers are screwed and thrown away. Making paper requires a lot of wood pulp and the
work of millions of workers. Many countries have had plans to recycle waste paper to save
money and labor. In countries where there is the cooperation of the public, paper mills recycle
as much as sixty percent of waste paper. Their simple work is to take away the ink, crush it up
and make it into pulp again. For every ton of recycled newsprint, twelve trees can be saved.
We can insist that the more paper people save, the more trees are preserved.
1. How many paper bags and newspapers are screwed and thrown away every day?

2. What have many countries done to save money and labor in making paper?

3. What percentage of waste paper is recycled with the help of the public?

4 What do the paper mills do to reuse waste paper?

5. How many trees can be saved for every ton of recycled newsprint?
10. Complete the passage with the words given in the box.

Ba's class has a (1) on waste paper. His friends are so (2) to learn that
every day throughout the world, millions of newspapers and paper bags are
(3) away. People are collecting waste paper and (4) it. Making paper
(5) a lot of trees and labor. Now if people don't (6) paper, they
can save (7) and money. Especially, people can save the natural
(8) . For every (9) of recycled newsprint, ten trees can be saved.
The more paper people save, the more natural resources are (10) .
11. Read the passage carefully, and then answer the questions.
Getting back to nature
The Little Morocco is a beautiful building. We used stone and mud to build the hotel.
There are skylights - windows in roof to let light in - so we save electricity. The skylights give
us light in the day, we don't use electric lights. We don't use chemicals to clean the rooms
because we don't want to damage the environment.
You can walk in the mountains near the hotel and see lots of local wildlife. Enjoy a boat
trip on the lake and see the amazing waterfalls. or visit the beautiful caves.
1. What did they use to build the house?

2. How can the skylights help us to save electricity?

3. Why don't they use chemicals to clean the rooms?

4. What can you see in the mountains?

5. What are the activities for a boat trip?

Answer A B
1. If we plant more trees A. we will save a lot of water.
2. If we borrow books from the library B. they will make the air more
instead of buying polluted.
3. If we have a shower instead of a bath C. we will have more oxygen to
4. If people use more cars breathe.
5. If the soil is polluted D. the plants will die.
E. we save our money.
12. Match each part in A with the corresponding in B, writing the answer in each blank.
13. Write conditional sentences from these statements.
1. We will plant more trees. The air will be fresher.
If
2. We will use fewer cars. We will reduce pollution.
If .
3. We will cycle to school every day. We will keep fitter.
If .
4. We will use recycled products. We will save money.
If .
5. People will throw rubbish into the right bin. They will keep the environment clean.
If .
6. We will turn off the tap when brushing the teeth. We will save a lot of water.
If .
7. People will travel more by public transport. The harmful gases in big cities will be
reduced.
If .
8. We will start at 6.00. We will arrive there before noon.
If .
9. The boy eats so may green apples. He will be ill.
If .
10. We will use reusable bags for shopping. We will reduce waste.
If .
14. Make the first conditional sentences, using the words and phrases given.
1. If/ we/ plant/ more trees/ neighbourhood/ greener.

2. If/ we/ cycle/ school/ every day/ we/ keep/ air/ clean and fresh.

3. If/ we/ keep/ hunt/ animals/ they/ disappear/ soon.

4. If/ we/ cut down/ all/ trees/ there/ floods.

5. If/ we/ use/ buses /we/ reduce/ pollution.

 15. Make sentences using the words and phrases given.
1. We/ try/ recycle/ rubbish.

2. Don't/ throw/ plastic bags/ because/ you/ reuse.

3. You/ use/ reusable bags/ when/ you/ shopping.

4. If/ river/ polluted/ fish/ die.

5. If/ people/ cycle/ more/ there/ less/ pollution.

TEST 3 UNIT 11
1. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. recycle b. environment c. charity d. invite
2. a. paper b. bag c. plastic d. natural
3. a. cousin b. cycle c. encourage d. container
4. a. breathing b. green c. breeze d. bread
5. a. saved b. polluted c. enjoyed d. reused
2. Choose the word which has a different sound in the underlined part.
1. a. afternoon b. can c. lack d. animal
2. a. paper b. way c. prepare d. later
3. a. party b. glass c. plant d. plastic
4. a. happy b. match c. package d. save
5. a. swap b. vase c. watch d. want
3. Choose the correct answers a, b, c or d.
1. Soil pollution can lead to lack __________ food.
a. for b. in c. on d. of
2. Almost 27,000 trees are cut __________ every day just to make toilet paper!
a. off b. down c.up d.in
3. The three Rs __________ reduce, reuse and recycle.
a. mean by b. turn to c.standfor d.putup
4 You shouldn’t throw those papers away; they’re __________
a. refillable b. reducible c.recyclable d.repayable
5. We should use reusable shopping bags __________ plastic bags.
a. instead of b. because of c.in spite of d. place of
6. Thousands of people donated money and food to those in __________.
a. length b. need c.order d.space
7. __________ pollution can cause hearing loss.
a. Air b. Water c.Noise d. Soil
8. Turn off the tap __________ you brush your teeth and washing your face.
a. when b. if c.because d. although
9. If more people cycle, there will be __________ air pollution.
a. much b. more c.less d. little
10. Which of the following cannot be recycled?
a. Milk cartons b. Glass bottles c. Cans d.Plastic bags
4. Match the word with its meaning.
1. reuse a. to keep something to use in the future
2. reduce b. to give something to someone in exchange for something else
3. recycle c. to use something again
4. save d. to make something start working
5. wrap e. to make something less
6. swap f. to cover something completely in paper
7. turn on g. to make something stop working
8. turn off h. to treat waste materials so that they can be used again
5. Complete the sentences with the word(s) from the box.

1. Our ________________ is becoming more and more polluted.

2. ________________ is destroying large areas of tropical rain forest.
3. ________________ pollution can cause diseases such as asthma and bronchitis.
4. ________________ pollution affects drinking water, rivers, lakes and oceans.
5. ________________ pollution can lead to famines if the plants are unable to grow in it.
6. ________________ pollution can cause hearing problems.
6. Underline the correct words.
1. These materials are recycled/ reduced into other packaging products.
2. These containers are refutable/ reusable. You can use them again.
3. Try to reduce/ reuse the amount of wastes you produce.
4. Please turn the television on/ off before you go to bed.
5. Take these old newspapers to the recycling/ recycled bin.
6. If more people cycle, there will be less/ more air pollution.
7. Recycle/ Reuse old clothing by donating it to a local charity.
8. We can waste/ save a lot of trees if we recycle waste paper.
7. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
1. We _____________ (stay) at home if it rains.
2. She will call you if she _____________ (have) time.
3. If it _____________ (not rain) tomorrow, we will go for a picnic.
4. If everyone ____________ (recycle) paper, metal and glass, we ____________ (not
produce) so much rubbish.
5. If you _____________ (not water) plants, they _____________ (die).
6. If the weather _____________ (be) bad, we _____________ (not go) to the park.
7. We ____________ (save) thousands of trees if we ____________ (not waste) so much
paper.
8. What _____________ (happen) if we _____________ (keep) polluting the environment.
9. If we _____________ (not stop) cutting down so many trees, we _____________
(endanger) our oxygen supply.
10. If people _____________ (dump) chemicals into rivers, they _____________ (not be)
able to swim in them in the future.
8. Circle the correct word or phrase.
1. If the weather is / will be fine, the children walk / will walk to school.
2. I lend / will lend you my laptop if you promise / will promise to be careful with it.
3. If they don’t do / won’t do their homework, their teacher punish / will punish them.
4. Jane gets / will get lost if she doesn’t have / won’t have the town map.
5. If I see / will see Ken later today, I tell / will tell him to call you.
6. My mother buys / will buy me a present if I pass / will pass my exams.
7. If there is / will be no water, all living things die / will die.
8. You aren’t / won’t be able to sleep if you watch / will watch horror movies.
9. Match the two halves of these conditional sentences.
1. If man keeps polluting the environment, a. we will endanger our oxygen supply.
2. If we dump all sorts of chemicals into rivers, b. sea levels will rise too.
3. If we don’t stop cutting down so many trees, c. there won’t be so much waste.
4. If the global temperature rises, d. they will run out of drinking water one day.
5. If more people use reusable shopping bags, e. we will save a lot of electricity.
6. If people don’t use water more wisely, f. we won’t be able to swim in them.
7. If everyone turns off unwanted lights. g. earth will be in danger.
10. Complete each sentence with an appropriate preposition.
1. You can buy reusable shopping bags __________ the check-out.
2. The three Rs stand __________ Reduce, Reuse and Recycle.
3. These shopping bags are made __________ natural materials.
4. Don’t throw old things __________. Try to find another use for them.
5. You should turn the tap __________ when you brush your teeth.
6. You shouldn’t wrap the food __________ a plastic bag.
7. Give your old clothes __________ charity.
8. You should swap your clothes __________ your friends or cousins.
11. Complete the sentences with the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets.
1. If people share their cars to go to work, there ____________ (not be) so many car fumes.
2. I ____________ (study) here for more than three years.
3. What a nice dress! Where ____________ (you/ buy) it?
4. Don’t forget to take your umbrella. It ____________ (rain).
5. If we ____________ (recycle) paper products, we ____________ (save) more trees.
6. Our class __________ (organise) a writing contest. We have to write about
theenvironment.
7. Give old clothes to charity instead of ____________ (throw) them away.
8. Encouraging people ___________ (use) public transport is a great way to reduce traffic
jams.
12. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. Water in the area is severely ____________. (pollute)
2. Recycling also helps control ____________ pollution by reducing waste. (environment)
3. You shouldn’t buy food wrapped in a lot of ____________. (package)
4. These bags are ____________. They can be used many times. (reuse)
5. ____________ causes global warming. (deforest)
6. Many paperboard cartons are made of ____________ paper. (recycle)
7. To save ____________, turn off lights and television when not in use. (electric)
8. If we pollute the air, we will have ____________ problems,. (breathe)
13. Match the questions to the answers.
1. What can be recycled? a. Have a shower instead of a bath.
2. What can you do with your old clothes? b. In the recycling bin.
3. What kind of bags should you use? c. Walk, ride a bike or take a bus.
4. How can you save water? d. Swap them with your friends or give them to charity.
5. Where should you put old newspapers? e. Reusable bags.
6. What can you do to reduce air pollution? f. Paper, cardboard, cans and bottles.
14. Choose the correct answers to complete the passage.
Three ways everyone can help make the Earth a greener place is to reduce, reuse, and
recycle!
When people reduce it means they are using (1)________ of something. This allows us
tocreate less waste. Turning off the faucet when we brush our teeth is a simple way to reduce.
This is a small action that prevents us from wasting (2)________.
Another small action people can take is to reuse things we already have. Taking bagsto the
store (3)________ we shop for food is one way to reuse them. Using both (4)________ ofpiece
of paper before getting a new one is another way to reuse.
(5)________ is when new materials are created from old ones. Paper, plastic, and metalare
all materials that can be recycled. Things like newspapers, soda cans, and plastic bags can all be
turned (6)________ new objects if we take the time to recycle them!
1. a. much b. more c. little d. less
2. a. energy b. electricity c. water d. time
3. a. when b. what c. how d. while
4. a. ways b. sides c. parts d. points
5. a. Reusing b. Reducing c. Recycling d. Reacting
6. a. out b. up c. down d. into
15. Read the passage, then do the tasks.
Earth Day is a birthday! Just like a birthday is a special day to celebrate a person, Earth Day
is a special day that celebrates the Earth. It is a day to remember to take care of our planet.
Earth Day was born on April 22,1970, in San Francisco, California. It is now the largest,
most celebrated environmental event worldwide. Every year, many countries around the world
join together in the celebration of Earth Day on April 22nd. On Earth Day, people celebrate by
doing things that help to protect the environment. Some things people do to help the Earth are:
turn off the lights to conserve energy, plant trees, recycle, and pick up garbage in their
communities.
You don’t have to wait for Earth Day though, you can help the environment every day!
A. Decide whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F).
1. The first Earth Day was celebrated around the world.
2. Earth Day is a day to take care of our planet, Earth.
3. A few countries celebrate Earth Day.
4. On Earth Day, people do some good things that help the planet.
5. Turning lights off is a way to save energy.
B. Answer the questions.
1. Where was Earth Day started?

2. On what day is Earth Day celebrated?

3. What can people do to help the Earth?

16. Complete the passages with the words from the box.

How people can help with recycling?

 As inhabitants of the earth we all have a duty to (1)________ the environment. We should
contribute to environmental protection by finding new ways of using products we (2)________
away. Nowadays recycling is an industry. As the world’s (3)________ resources run out,
manufacturers must find ways of reusing products. (4)________ can we do to help our
environment?
♦ We can sort our (5)__________ by separating it and then taking it to the appropriate
recycling bins.
♦ We can (6)__________ things such as jars and envelopes.
♦ We can buy (7)__________ products like stationery.
♦ We can transform our waste food into a fertilizer which we may use as compost for our
gardens (8)__________
17. Read the passage then choose the correct answers.
Green Cities
What makes a city green? It’s a huge challenge for cities to be earth-friendly. Not only do
they have lots of people, buildings, traffic, trash, and air pollution, but they also consume more
than half of the world’s energy.
Many cities in the world have taken up the challenge to be earth-friendly. Look at what
some of these cities have done:
Reykjavik, Iceland, is run entirely on green energy. Its transit system uses hydrogen buses
and most of its buildings use non-polluting energy sources like geothermal and hydroelectricity.
Malmo and Stockholm in Sweden are noted for their green spaces and parks and for
successfully cleaning up their water and air.
Portland, Oregon, was one of the first American cities to focus on earth-friendly transit with
light-rail and bike paths to encourage people to leave their cars at home.
Curitiba, Brazil, uses unique green methods for maintenance. Their grass parks are trimmed
by sheep!
Vancouver, British Columbia, uses wind, solar, and water energy to generate power. Nearly
all of the city is powered by clean hydroelectricity.
1. In what country is Malmo?
a. Brazil b.Spain c.Sweden d.Iceland
2. How much of the world’s energy is consumed by cities?
a. one quarter b. one and a half c. more than half d.all
3. Which city is run entirely on green energy?
a. Reykjavik b.Seattle c.Stockholm d. Portland
4. How are the buses powered in Reykjavik?
a. diesel fuel b.hydrogen c.unleaded gasoline d.geothermal
5. How does the grass get cut in the parks of Curitiba?
a. They use push mowers. b. Children stomp on it.
c. People trim it off. d. Sheep graze on it.
6. None of Vancouver is powered by hydroelectricity.
a. True b.False c.No information
7. Portland, Oregon was one of the first US cities to focus on earth-friendly transit.
a. True b. False c. No information
18. Write the first conditional sentences using the cues given.
1. If/ Sue/ not hurry/ she/ miss/ the bus
2. Rita/ pass/ the exam/ if/ she/ study/ hard

3. If/ he/ watch/ too much television/ he/ hurt/ his eyes

4. If/ it/ not be/ sunny/ tomorrow/ we/ not go/ to the beach

5. We/ visit/ her/ if / we/ have/ time

6. I/ not wait/ if/ you/ arrive/ late

7. They/ not play/ tennis/ tomorrow/ if/ it/ rain

8. If/ you/ not set/ your alarm clock/ you/ not wake up/ on time

19. Write the first conditional sentences.

1. You should work hard, or you won’t pass the exam.
If
2. Henry fails his examination. His parents will be sad.
If
3. Sue shouldn’t go out this weekend, or she won’t have time to study.
If
4. I think it’ll snow tomorrow. I will go skiing.
If
5. He should leave soon, or he’ll miss the bus.
If
6. Don’t play with matches. You will hurt yourself.
If
20. Complete the sentences with your own words.
1. If we all use reusable shopping bags,
2. If more people cycle,
3. We will save a lot of trees if
4. A lot of fish will die if
5. If you have a shower instead of a bath,
21. Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as first one.
1. There are a few students taking part in the event.
There aren’t
2. They have lived here for two years.
They moved
3. You should turn unwanted lights off, or you will waste a lot of electricity.
If
4. Let’s write about the three Rs?
Why
5. Learning about recycling is fun.
It’s
6. Plastic bags are cheaper than reusable bags.
Reusable bags are
7. It’s not good to throw old clothes away.
You
8. Remember to turn the tap off when you are brushing your teeth.
Don’t