BRITISH STANDARD BS 3071:1986
CONFIRMED
MARCH 1992
Specification for
Nickel-copper alloy
castings
UDC 669.245½35-14
BS 3071:1986
Committees responsible for this
British Standard
The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Non-ferrous
Metals Standards Committee (NFM/-) to Technical Committee NFM/10, upon
which the following bodies were represented:
British Non-ferrous Metals Federation
British Steel Industry
Engineering Equipment and Materials Users’ Association
Ministry of Defence
Process Plant Association
Stainless Steel Fabricators Association of Great Britain
Coopted members
This British Standard, having
been prepared under the
direction of the Non-ferrous
Metals Standards Committee,
was published under the
authority of the Board of BSI
and comes into effect on
28 February 1986
© BSI 10-1999 Amendments issued since publication
First published March 1959
Amd. No. Date of issue Comments
First revision February 1986
The following BSI references
relate to the work on this
standard:
Committee reference NFM/10
Draft for comment 84/42210 DC
ISBN 0 580 15049 6
BS 3071:1986
Contents
Page
Committees responsible Inside front cover
Foreword ii
1 Scope 1
2 Definitions 1
3 Information to be supplied in enquiry and order 1
4 General requirements 1
5 Chemical composition 1
6 Mechanical properties 1
7 Freedom from defects 1
8 Identification and marking 2
9 Inspection and sampling procedures 2
10 Test methods 3
Figure 1 — Tensile test sample 3
Table 1 — Chemical composition of alloys 2
Table 2 — Mechanical properties for castings 2
Publications referred to Inside back cover
© BSI 10-1999 i
BS 3071:1986
Foreword
This British Standard, which has been prepared under the direction of the
Non-ferrous Metals Standards Committee, is the first revision of BS 3071:1959
which is withdrawn. At the time of publication of this revision, no corresponding
International Standard exists.
As in the previous edition, three alloys with differing silicon contents are
specified; however, in this edition the tables of compositions for the three alloys
have been amalgamated into a single table for ease of reference and
comparability. The specific requirements for chemical composition and for
mechanical properties have been revised, where necessary.
This standard for castings is one of a series of British Standards for nickel and
nickel alloys intended for general engineering purposes. Other standards in this
series for various wrought forms are BS 3072, BS 3073, BS 3074, BS 3075 and
BS 3076.
A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.
Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii,
pages 1 to 4, an inside back cover and a back cover.
This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had
amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the
inside front cover.
ii © BSI 10-1999
BS 3071:1986
1 Scope 4 General requirements
This British Standard specifies requirements for Castings for which compliance with this British
chemical composition, mechanical properties and Standard is claimed shall comply with clauses 5
other characteristics for castings which may be to 8.
supplied in the “as cast”, the “proof machined” or the Inspection procedures and test methods for
“fully machined” condition in the following verifying that the castings comply with the
materials: requirements specified in clauses 5 to 7 shall be as
NA1 nickel-copper alloy (1 % silicon), specified in clauses 9 and 10.
NA2 nickel-copper alloy (2.5 % silicon), NOTE The purchaser has the option, subject to agreement with
the manufacturer, to specify a pressure tightness test for the
NA3 nickel-copper alloy (4 % silicon). castings [see item 7) in note to clause 3], in addition to the
NOTE The titles of the publications referred to in this standard minimum requirements.
are listed on the inside back cover. If the castings form part of a product which is the subject of a
British Standard which demands a pressure tightness test, then
the test is to be carried out in accordance with the test method
2 Definitions and test pressure specified in that standard, with the criteria for
For the purposes of this British Standard the compliance as specified in that standard. In other cases, the
nature of the pressure tightness test, the pressure and testing
following definitions apply. fluid to be used, the method of sampling and the criteria for
2.1 compliance should be the subjects of agreement between the
manufacturer and purchaser.
cast
The results obtained from chemical analysis and
the product of one furnace or crucible melt, or of a tensile tests (except for elongation value) shall be
number of such melts where they are aggregated rounded to the last place of figures specified as
and mixed prior to sampling and pouring limits, by the application of the rounding rule in
2.2 accordance with BS 1957.
batch
any number of castings from the same pattern 5 Chemical composition
produced from one cast The chemical composition of the castings
determined on samples taken in accordance with 9.2
3 Information to be supplied in shall be as given for the appropriate alloy in Table 1.
enquiry and order NOTE Where welding quality NA1 is required, the actual
silicon content, within the limits specified in Table 1, should be
The following information is necessary in the agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
enquiry and order to assist the manufacturer in
supplying the correct castings: 6 Mechanical properties
a) the number of this British Standard and the The tensile properties determined by the methods
designation of the alloy for the castings (selected given in 10.1 on samples taken in accordance
from Table 1); with 9.3 shall be as given in Table 2.
b) the condition of the castings to be supplied The Brinell hardness of castings in alloy NA3
(see clause 1); determined by the methods given in 10.2 on samples
c) whether the castings are required to be taken in accordance with 9.4 shall be as given in
weldable. (Only NA1 castings should be specified Table 2.
for welding purposes.)
NOTE The purchaser should also be aware of the importance of 7 Freedom from defects
including in the enquiry and order the following information, as
appropriate: The castings shall be clean and free from harmful
1) a fully detailed and fully dimensioned drawing of the defects.
castings required (see note 3 to clause 7); NOTE 1 Castings may be deemed not to comply with this
2) details of the pattern equipment, if this is to be supplied by standard because of unacceptable casting defects, even though
the purchaser; the castings may comply with the other requirements specified.
3) the quantity of castings required; NOTE 2 Defects present in a casting should not be repaired
4) the casting process to be used, e.g. sand, chill, centrifugal; without the prior agreement of the purchaser.
5) whether tensile tests are required to be carried out by the
manufacturer (see clauses 6, 9 and 10);
6) whether hardness tests are required to be carried out by the
manufacturer for alloy NA3 (see clauses 6, 9 and 10);
7) whether pressure tightness tests are required to be carried
out by the manufacturer (see note to clause 4);
8) whether a certificate of compliance with this standard is
required (see note to clause 8).
© BSI 10-1999 1
BS 3071:1986
NOTE 3 The quality of castings subject to machining, can often 9 Inspection and sampling procedures
be assessed more easily by visual examination after proof
machining. 9.1 General
Proof machining is normally sufficient to identify gross defects
and is also a useful preliminary if pressure testing is to be Minimum requirements for the frequencies at which
undertaken. If proof machining is required to be carried out by initial analyses and tests are to be carried out shall
the manufacturer, it is important that the region(s) to be be as specified in 9.2 to 9.4. Retests shall be
machined before inspection and the proportion of the castings to
be proof machined should be agreed between the manufacturer permitted as specified in 9.5.
and the purchaser and detailed on the drawing [see item 1) of 9.2 Samples for chemical composition
note to clause 3].
A sample for analysis shall be taken to represent
8 Identification and marking each cast.
Each cast shall be allocated a unique cast number 9.3 Samples for tensile testing
identity. Each batch of castings shall be identified For the determination of tensile properties,
by suitable means with this cast number, so as to separately cast test samples shall be taken to
enable the batch of castings to be correlated with its represent each batch of castings. These test samples
relevant test records and/or certificates. shall be separately poured at the same time, and
NOTE Provision of certificates. A certificate of compliance with from the same metal, as the castings they represent.
all the requirements of this standard, including any pressure They shall be moulded in the same material as the
tightness test requirements agreed between the manufacturer
and the supplier (see note to clause 4), should be provided by the castings and treated in the same manner.
supplier with each batch of castings when requested by the The shape and dimensions of the separately cast
purchaser [see item 8) of the note to clause 3].
test samples from which the tensile test pieces are
machined shall be as shown in Figure 1.
Table 1 — Chemical composition of alloys
Alloy Chemical composition by mass
designation
Ni Cu Si Mn C Fe S Pb P
(including Co)
min. max. min. max. max. max. max. max. max. max.
% % % % % % % % % %
NA1 Remainder 28.0 34.0 — 1.5 1.5 0.30 3.0 0.030 0.005 0.030
NA2 Remainder 28.0 34.0 2.0 3.0 1.5 0.15 3.0 0.030 0.005 0.030
NA3 Remainder 28.0 34.0 3.5 4.5 1.5 0.15 3.0 0.030 0.005 0.030
Table 2 — Mechanical properties for castings
Alloy Condition Mechanical properties (see note 1)
designation
0.2 % proof stress Tensile strength Elongation Brinell hardness
(min.) (min.) (see note 2) (min.)
(min.)
N/mm2 N/mm2 % HB
NA1 As cast 170 430 20 —
NA2 As cast 250 540 15 —
NA3 As cast — 630 — 250
NOTE 1 The specified minimum mechanical properties are determined on separately cast test samples taken in accordance
with 9.3. Test samples machined from the actual castings will not necessarily achieve these minimum properties, due to the
anisotropic characteristics of castings.
NOTE 2 The elongation value is determined on a gauge length equal to 5.65Æ(cross-sectional area of test piece).
NOTE 3 1 N/mm2 = 1 MPa.
2 © BSI 10-1999
BS 3071:1986
Figure 1 — Tensile test sample
9.4 Samples of NA3 for hardness testing 9.5.3 Tensile test. If the initial tensile test shows
Whenever possible, hardness tests for alloy NA3 results outside the specification limits (Table 2) two
shall be performed on the actual casting. When this further pieces taken at the same time and from the
is not possible the tests shall be performed on same batch shall be permitted to be tested. If either
separately cast samples, for example, the grip ends of the further test pieces meets the tensile
of the tensile test samples before the tensile test is requirements, then the batch of castings
carried out. At least one test shall be made to represented shall be deemed to comply with this
represent each batch of castings. standard. If both the further test pieces fail to meet
the tensile requirements then the batch of castings
9.5 Retests shall be deemed not to comply with this standard.
9.5.1 General. Retests for analysis and tensile test
results shall be permitted as specified in 9.5.2 10 Test methods
and 9.5.3. 10.1 Tensile test
NOTE No requirements for retests are specified in this British
Standard for Brinell hardness (for NA3 castings) or for pressure From the test samples taken in accordance with 9.3,
tightness tests. tensile test pieces shall be machined to the
9.5.2 Chemical composition. If the initial chemical dimensions of one of the proportional test pieces
analysis shows results outside the specification specified in BS 18-1.
limits (Table 1) a further portion of the same sample The tensile tests shall be carried out in accordance
shall be permitted to be taken for check analysis. If with BS 18-1.
the check analysis is found to comply with the
10.2 Hardness test
chemical composition requirements, the cast
represented shall be deemed to comply with this The Brinell hardness test shall be carried out in
standard. If the check analysis shows results which accordance with BS 240-1.
confirm the original analysis, the cast represented NOTE Whenever possible the tests should be carried out using
shall be deemed not to comply with this standard. a ball of 10 mm diameter and a test force of 9.807 kN (1 000 kgf).
Where this combination is not suitable, an alternative,
preserving the same F/D2 ratio, should be used.
The test shall consist of three hardness
determinations on each sample tested and the
average of the three hardness numbers shall be
taken as the hardness for the sample.
© BSI 10-1999 3
4 blank
BS 3071:1986
Publications referred to
BS 18, Methods for tensile testing of metals.
BS 18-1, Non-ferrous metals.
BS 240, Method for Brinell hardness test.
BS 240-1, Testing of metals.
BS 1957, Presentation of numerical values (fineness of expression; rounding of numbers).
BS 3072, Specification for nickel and nickel alloys: sheet and plate1).
BS 3073, Specification for nickel and nickel alloys: strip1).
BS 3074, Specification for nickel and nickel alloys: seamless tube1).
BS 3075, Specification for nickel and nickel alloys: wire1).
BS 3076, Specification for nickel and nickel alloys: bar1).
1) Referred to in the foreword only.
© BSI 10-1999
BS 3071:1986
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