10/04/2025 22:53 Java Overview

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Java - Overview

Java programming language was originally developed by Sun Microsystems, which was
initiated by James Gosling and released in 1995 as a core component of Sun
Microsystems' Java platform (Java 1.0 [J2SE]).

The latest release of the Java Standard Edition is Java SE 23. With the advancement of
Java and its widespread popularity, multiple configurations were built to suit various
types of platforms. For example: J2EE for Enterprise Applications, J2ME for Mobile
Applications.

The new J2 versions were renamed as Java SE, Java EE, and Java ME, respectively. Java
is guaranteed to be Write Once, Run Anywhere.

Java is −

Object-Oriented: In Java, everything is an object. Java can be easily extended

since it is based on the object model.

Platform Independent: Unlike many other programming languages, including C

and C++, when Java is compiled, it is not compiled into a platform-specific
machine but rather into platform-independent byte code. This byte code is
distributed over the web and interpreted by the virtual machine (JVM) on
whichever platform it is being run on.

Simple: Java is designed to be easy to learn. If you understand the basic

concept of OOP Java, it would be easy to master.

Secure: WithAdvertisement
Java's secure feature, it enables the development of virus-free,
tamper-free systems. Authentication
- techniques are based on public-key
encryption.
Architecture-neutral: The Java compiler generates an architecture-neutral
object file format, which makes the compiled code executable on many
processors with the presence of the Java runtime system.

Portable: Being architecture-neutral and having no implementation-dependent

aspects of the specification makes Java portable. Compiler in Java is written in

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ANSI C with a clean portability boundary, which is a POSIX subset.

Robust: Java makes an effort to eliminate error-prone situations by emphasizing

mainly compile-time error checking and runtime checking.
Multithreaded: With Java's multithreaded feature, it is possible to write programs
that can perform many tasks simultaneously. This design feature allows the
developers to construct interactive applications that can run smoothly.

Interpreted: Java byte code is translated on the fly to native machine

instructions and is not stored anywhere. The development process is more rapid
and analytical since the linking is an incremental and light-weight process.

High Performance: With the use of just-in-Time compilers, Java enables high
performance.
Distributed: Java is designed for the distributed environment of the internet.
Dynamic: Java is considered to be more dynamic than C or C++ since it is
designed to adapt to an evolving environment. Java programs can carry an
extensive amount of run-time information that can be used to verify and resolve
accesses to objects in run-time.

Hello World using Java Programming

Just to give you a little excitement about Java programming, I'm going to give you a
small conventional Java Hello World program, You can try it using Edit and Run.

Open Compiler

public class MyFirstJavaProgram {

/* This is my first java program.

* This will print 'Hello World' as the output
*/

public static void main(String []args) {

System.out.println("Hello World"); // prints Hello World
}
}
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History of Java
James Gosling initiated Java language project in June 1991 for use in one of his many
set-top box projects. The language, initially called 'Oak' after an oak tree that stood
outside Gosling's office, also went by the name 'Green' and ended up later being
renamed as Java, from a list of random words.

Sun released the first public implementation as Java 1.0 in 1995. It promised Write
Once, Run Anywhere (WORA), providing no-cost run-times on popular platforms.

On 13 November, 2006, Sun released much of Java as free and open source software
under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL).

On 8 May, 2007, Sun finished the process, making all of Java's core code free and open-
source, aside from a small portion of code to which Sun did not hold the copyright.

Tools You Will Need

For performing the examples discussed in this tutorial, you will need a Pentium 200-MHz
computer with a minimum of 64 MB of RAM (128 MB of RAM recommended).

You will also need the following softwares −

Linux 7.1 (or higher) or Windows xp/7/8 operating system or higher

Java JDK 8 or higher

Microsoft Notepad or any other text editor

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This tutorial will provide the necessary skills to create GUI, networking, and web
applications using Java.

What is Next?

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The next chapter will guide you to how you can obtain Java and its documentation.
Finally, it instructs you on how to install Java and prepare an environment to develop
Java applications.

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