BÀI TẬP RÈN LUYỆN KỸ NĂNG UNIT 4

Task 5-F-p.103
Reading1. In Norway, Global Seed Vault guards genetic resources

Look back at Reading 1 and match each title to the most appropriate
paragraph.
Paragraphs:
2 4 10 12 13 14 15 19 20 23
1. Seventy-five Percent of Plant Paragraph 12
Varieties Already Lost
2. Organizing Previously Paragraph 4
Uncoordinated Efforts
3. Finding Out More about Plant Paragraph 23
Genes
4. Funding from Around the World Paragraph 19
5. Global Seed Vault Begins Paragraph 2
Operations
6. Geographical Motivation for an Paragraph 15
Alternative Plan
7. Many Seed Banks Exposed to Paragraph 14
Conflicts and Disasters
8. Safeguarding Against Negative Paragraph 10
Climate Changes
9. Previous Seed Banks Not Focused Paragraph 13
on Survival
10. Farmers Growing Fewer, More Paragraph 20
Vulnerable Crops

Task 6-A-p.104
Match each excerpt from reading 1 with the correct inference.
Excerpts
___ 1. With plant species disappearing at an alarming rate, scientists and
governments are creating a global network of plant banks to store seeds and
sprouts-precious genetic resources that may be needed for man to adapt the world's
food supply to climate change. (Paragraph 1)
___ 2. In Leuven, Belgium, scientists are scouring the world for banana samples
and cryo-preserving their shoots in liquid nitrogen before they become extinct.
(Paragraph 3)
___ 3. Those [seed banks] in Nigeria banked cassava. (Paragraph 4)
___ 4. Collectively they (seeds from many different countries] harbor a vast range
of characteristics, including the ability to withstand a drier, warmer climate.
(Paragraph 10)
___ 5. Eighty percent of corn varieties that existed in the 1930s no longer exist
today, for example. In the United States, 94 percent of peas are no longer grown.
(Paragraph 12)
___ 6. Seeds must be stored at minus 20 degrees Celsius (minus 4 Fahrenheit), and
plant sprouts that rely on cryo-preservation must be far colder. (Paragraph 16).
Inferences
a. These seeds are important because the genetic information they contain will help
grow food despite climate change and global warming.
b. Some food crops are more important in certain countries than others.
c. The world's food supply is in danger.
d. Some rare varieties of important food crops are hard to find, and they are in
danger of disappearing soon.
e. Cold areas of the globe, such as the Arctic, are excellent locations for seed
banks.
f. Farmers are growing fewer varieties of crops compared to the past.?

Answer:
1. – c 2. – d 3. – b 4. – a 5. – f 6. - e
Task 7-B-p.105
Read each statement. What can you infer from the information in the
statement? Write your inferences. Then compare your inferences with a
partner.
1. Statement: Bored into the middle of a snow-topped Arctic mountain, the seed
vault has as its goal the storing of every kind of seed from every collection on the
planet.
Inference: As many of the world's seeds as possible need to be stored in a safe
place that is cold and far away.
2. Statement: Mexico is the perfect place for corn seeds to be banked.
Inference: Mexico’s climate is perfect for growing corn, and corn is popular there.
3. Statement: Scientists cheered when the United Nations International Treaty on
Plant Genetic Resources finally created a formal global network for banking seeds
and studying their genetic traits.
Inference: Many countries are working together and sharing information to solve
the problem of protecting the world’s plant diversity, and scientists have probably
been hoping that this would happen for a while.
4. Statement: In the Philippines, a typhoon demolished the wall of a seed bank,
destroying many valuable samples.
Inference: Seed banks in the Philippines are at risk from natural disasters.

Task 11-F-p.111
Based on the information in Reading 2, what has each of the following
countries contributed to the International Space Station? You may have to
infer a county's contribution. Include as many ideas as you can.
1. The United States: astronauts, training
2. Russia: astronauts, spacecraft, training
3. Canada: robotics systems
4. Kazakhstan: launch site
5. Germany: training
6. Japan: astronauts

Task 12-G-p.112
Match the following people in Reading 2 with the statements that best
describe them.
a. Chris Hadfield b. Akihiko Hoshide c. Roman Romanenko
d. Gwenn Sandoz e. Edward Tabarah f. Robert Thirsk
_e__ 1. An official in the Canadian Space Agency who comments on Hadfield's
Command and is together with Hadfield just before his mission.
__f_ 2. The first Canadian to spend a long time in space on a mission.
__d_ 3. An astronaut trainer who worked with Hadfield to help prepare him for his
mission.
_a__ 4. A Canadian astronaut with many years of experience preparing to become
the commander of Expedition 35 to the International Space Station.
_c__ 5. A Russian cosmonaut who is going to the International Space Station
with Hadfield.
_b__ 6. An astronaut who fixed a broken part of the International Space Station
with a toothbrush during a six-hour spacewalk.

Task 13-H-p.112, 113

Answer the following questions based on the information in Reading 2. You
will have to infer some of your answers.
1. Why does Hadfield call the International Space Station the world's
spaceship?
 Answer: Because many astronauts from all around the world work
together there.

2. Why does Hadfield have to master so many skills?

  Answer: Since there’s only a few astronauts can make these trips, so they
have to fulfill all the duties.

3. Why does Hadfield have to be trilingual, including English, Russian, and

French?
 Answer: Because he has to communicate with astronauts from Russia,
Canada and the US. French is one of Canada’s official languages.

4. Why do the astronauts and cosmonauts come from different countries?

 Answer: Because no nation owns space and the ISS is an international
effort.

5. Why did Hadfield have to take apart and reassemble a toilet?

 Answer: Because taking apart and fixing things might be necessary on
the mission.

6. Why did Sunita Williams and Akihiko Hoshide improvise with a toothbrush
to fix the faulty bolt and clear out the blockage?
 Answer: Because the toothbrush must have been the only object small
enough to get into the space and clear out the blockage.

7. What does Hadfield mean by saying the space program "goes in waves?"
 Answer: He means sometimes the space program is well-funded, but
other times it is not.

8. Why is the US encouraging commercial companies to find ways of

transporting people to low-Earth orbit?
 Answer: Because they hope to continue exploring space, but want to
divert the expense to private companies.

9. Why does a mission to Mars seem like science fiction?

 Answer: Because there does not seem to be enough support of it at this
time, so it seems like a dream or fantasy.

10.What does Hadfield mean by saying that the International Space Station is
like a scientific monastery?
  Answer: He means that he will miss spending time with his family and
having a normal human life when he is in space.

11.What examples of global cooperation are found in Reading 2?

 Answer: Many examples include astronauts and companies working
together to provide astronauts, training, spacecraft, funding, and robotics.

Task 14-A-p.115
Write the correct prefix from the box next to its definition below and on page
116. Then write as many words as you know that can use each prefix and their
parts of speech. Check your answers in a dictionary and add to the chart if
possible.
bio- cryo- dis- geo- im- inter- mal- multi- non- re-
Prefix Definition Possible words Possible parts of
speech
1. multi- more than one; multicolored, nouns, adjectives
many multimillionaire
2. non not nonsense, nouns, verbs,
nonfiction adjectives
3. cryo involving the use cryogenic nouns, adjectives
of very low
temperatures
4. im (also il- / in- / ir-), immature, nouns, adjectives,
not; the opposite impolite, immerse adverbs
of
5. geo of the earth geography, nouns, adjectives,
geology, adverbs
geochemical,
geoscience
6. re again redo, recycle, nouns, adjectives,
reassuring, verbs, adverbs
reassemble,
reapply, return,
remarkable
7. inter between; from interaction, nouns, verbs,
one to another interactive, adjectives
 interior, internet,
international
8. mal bad or badly; not malfunction, nouns, verbs,
correct or malpractice, adjectives
correctly malodorous
9. dis not; the opposite dishonest, nouns, adjectives,
of disagree, adverbs, verbs
disappear,
dishonor,
distinguish,
dislike
10. bio connected with biography, nouns, adjectives,
living things or biology, adverbs
human life biological,
biochemistry,
biodegradable

Task 15-B-p.116
Complete each sentence with the correct prefix from the chart.
1. When parts of the Soyuz spacecraft break down, they need to be
replaced before the Soyuz can travel to the International Space Station.
2. Some scientists use _cryo___-preservation to store banana plant shoots.
3. The design of the Soyuz spacecraft is so strong that even if there are a couple of
_mal___functions, the crew will most likely land safely on Earth.
4. One of the main goals of the Global Seed Vault is to preserve the
_bio___diversity of the world's edible plant species.
5. The scientists working on the International Space Station don't worry about
__geo__politics because it's their job to solve engineering problems.
6. The Global Seed Vault is run by a(n) _non___profit group.
7. The space station was built by a(n) _multi / inter___national partnership.
8. The _inter___governmental panel came to the conclusion that extreme
weather events were going to increase in the future.
9. The age of the Soyuz spacecraft is _im___material because its design is robust.
10. Plant species are __dis__appearing at a very fast rate all around the world.