Cultivation of OIL PALM ae re PSN wey ie DIRECTORATE OF AGRICULTURE GOVERNMENT OF GOA TONCA, CARANZALEM-GOAOIL PALM is the highest oil producer among the perennial oil yielding crops and produces two distinct oils i.e, Palm Oil (extracted from mesocarp) and Palm Kermel Oil (from kemel). WHY TO CULTIVATE OIL PALM? + Provides highest edible oil (4-6 tones per hectare per year) compared to other ail yielding crops. + Gives assured income (monthly 3-4 times) throughout the year for the period of about 35 years from 4th year onwards. + Gives high profits of Rs, 35,000/- to Rs. 45,000/- per hectare from &th year onwards, + Norobbery of oil palm fruits. + Palmoilisrich in vitamin Aand vitamin, + It is used in the manufacture of biscuits, ice-creams, soaps, detergents, shampoos andalso asa frying fat. + Palm Kernel oil has a variety of industrial uses. + Assured buy-back of guarantee for fruits. + Fruits are collected from the collection centers in the village. HOW TO CULTIVATE: Soils : Best suited soils are moist, well drained, deep loamy alluvial soils, rich in organic matter with good water permeability. Atleast one meter depth of soil is required. Sunlight: Bright sunlight for atleast 5 hrs. per day. Variety : Tenerais the ruling hybrid grown all over the world. [thas a thin shell, medium tohigh mesocarp content and high oil content. Planting season : Planting can be done in any season, Seedlings : 10-14 months ald healthy seedlings with 1-1.3 mt height from base and 13 functional leaves with good girth at collar are used for planting. Seedlings upto 24 months age can also beused. PLANTING Spacing : 9m x 9mx 9m (Triangular planting) Row 1 Row 2 Row3 Pitsize : 60. cm width x 60.cm breadth x60 cm depthPlanting method: + Dig the pits priorto planting and allow toseason. + Transport quality seedlings to the planting site only at the time of planting. + Before planting fillup 1/3rd of the pit with top soil mixed with organic matter. + Apply 250 gm Rock Phosphate or 250 gm of DAP per pit and mix it thoroughly. * Remove the bag by making a longitudinal cut and put the seedling in the center of the pitalong with root ball. = Fillthe pitwith top soil from around the pitand press firmly. + Too deep planting could delay yields and shallow planting could lead to poor development of the roat system. + Take care to see that the soil does not get accumulated at the crown region, which may lead to rotting of crown. + Incase of low lying soils planting should be done in raised mounds to avoid water logging and poor aeration. + Immediately after planting form basin and give copious irrigation. IRRIGATION : Oil palm requires plenty of irrigation. Do not grow oil palm if assured and adequate irrigation facility is notavailable. Insufficient irrigation will reduce rate of leaf production, affects sex ratio, and results in inflorescence abortion and yields reduction. QUANTITY OF WATER: For grown up yielding palm of 3 years age and above a minimum of 150 litres of water per day is a must. FERTILIZER: Oil palm is a gross feeder and demands a balanced and adequate supply of nutrients for growth and yield. Age ofthe Palm Nutrients (g/palm/year) N P.O, KO MgSO, 400 200 400 125 800 400 800 250 | Year Il Year Il Year onwardsDONT'S: Do not harvest pre-mature bunch. Do not harvest over riped bunch. Do not spray water on the harvested bunch. Do notleave more stalk length. Do not dirt the bunches with soil. Do notstore the harvested bunches. Do notharvest empty bunch. Do not harvest rotten bunch. Do not harvest pest and disease affected bunch. Do notharvestdried bunch. YIELD: Average yield of 15 tons of fresh fruit bunches (FFB’s) per year can be expected from one hectare yielding plantation. Under very good management the yield could be 25-30 tons per year per hac. GOVERNMENT ASSISTANCE: Government provide following assistance for oil palm cultivation. AREA EXPANSION AND MAINTENANCE: 1styear — 75% subsidyonseedlings(Max) — Rs. 5,400/- 1styear — Maintenance subsidy — Rs. 4, 600/- 2nd year — Maintenance subsidy — Rs. 3,300/- 3rd year — Maintenance subsidy — Rs. 3,500/- 4thyear — Maintenance subsidy — Rs. 4,100/- Total Assistance — Rs. 20,900/- DRIP IRRIGATION: (a) For SF, MF, SC, ST and Women Farmers - 50%, maximum upto Rs. 8,600/- per hac. (b) For General Farmers - 35% subsidy, maximum upto Rs. 6,000/- per hac. FOR TECHNICAL GUIDANCE AND FURTHER DETAILS PLEASE CONTACT ’ . The Zonal Agriculture Office of your Taluka Pernem —° 2291291 Mapusa — 2262368 Margao -— 2715005 Bicholim - 2362128 Tiswadi - 2285329 Quepem = —- 2662116 Valpoi — 2374246 Ponda = 2312119 Sanguem — 2604253 Canacona — 2643066 Sameti- Old Goa—2285325 KWK South Goa- 270420 Dial Toll Free Kisan Call Centre No. 1551 (Time 6.00 to 10.00 p.m.) Published by : DIRECTORATE OF AGRICULTURE KRISH] BHAVAN TONCA, CARANZALEM - GOA Tel. No. : 2465443, 2465446, 2465840, 2465845 Fax : 0832-2465441 E-mail : [email protected] Website: wwuw.goa.govt-nic.inMULCHING: + Mulching of Oil Palm basins is essential to conserve moisture as well as to control weed. ]+ It also maintains soil tempe- rature, add organic matter and nutrients mainly potassium, improves physical and biolagical properties of soil. + Mulching can be done with dried leaves, coconut husk, male flowers, etc. FLOWERING: + Oil Palm comes to flowering 14-18 months after planting. + Itproduces both male and female flowers separately on the same palm. (monoecious) ABLATION: Remove male and female flowers produced in early stages of plantation upto 2/, to 3 years of age to enable the plant to gain adequate stem growth, vigour and develop adequate rootsystem. POLLINATION : Oil Palm is a highly cross pollinated crop. Release of weevil/insect Elaeidobius Kamerunicus after 2/, years of planting helps in good pollination and fruit set. HARVESTING: + When the bunch is matured and ready for harvesting. a) fruits in the bunch turn yellowish orange. b) 5-10 fruits from each bunch drop on theirown c) when pressed hard with the fingers orange coloured oil exudates fram the fruits, + Harvesting should be done at 10-15 days interval. During rainy season harvesting should be done at closer interval of 7-8 days as ripening is hastened after hot summer.iv. Excessively wet waste should be avoided or earthworms do not survive in soaking garbage. Vermicomposting can also be done on a larger scale in lateritic stone lined cement plastered pits with P. C. C. floor of size mtx mtx 5 mt where farm waste crop residue animal waste etc. generated, can be used for vermicomposting. Published by : FOR TECHNICAL GUIDANCE AND FURTHER DETAILS PLEASE CONTACT The Zonal Agriculture Office of your Taluka Pernem — 2201291 Mapusa —- 2262368 Margao — 2715005 Bicholim - 2362128 Tiswadi — 2285329 Quepem —- 2662116 Valpoi — 2374246 Ponda — 2312119 Sanguem = 2604253 Canacona - 2643066 Sameti- Old Goa - 2285325 DIRECTORATE OF AGRICULTURE KRISH] BHAVAN TONCA, CARANZALEM - GOA Tel. No. : 2465443, 2465446, 2465840, 2465845 Fax : 0832 - 2465441 E-mail : [email protected] am 8, | aaa te Fy Te