Medical Parasitology I
Department Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences
Course Title Medical Parasitology I ( MeLS2112)
/Code
Program/Target BSc Degree in Medical Laboratory Sciences
Group Year: II Semester: II
Module Title Medical Parasitology ( MeLSM2119)
(Code)
Module Medical Parasitology module coordinator
Coordinator
Course EtCTS 7EtCTS
Course Academic Year ______
Information Meeting Day ______ Meeting Time ______ Meeting Location:
Class Room _____
Lab Room _____
Instructor’s Name ________________________________
Instructor’s Office No. ___________
Contact Phone: +251______________________(Only on working hours)
Information E-mail: _______________________________
Office Hour __________
EtCTS 7 CP/ 189Hr.
Student Work Lecture Lab Tutorial Independent Assignment Assessment Total
Load Practice Study
48 Hrs. 48 Hrs. 2 Hrs. 63 Hrs. 12 Hrs. 16 Hrs. 189 Hrs.
Course This course is designed to equip medical laboratory sciences students with the basic
Description concepts of medical Parasitology and general laboratory diagnosis of parasitic
diseases of human importance; to provide the students with basic knowledge and
understanding of the medically important helminths and their detection and
identification in different clinical specimens.
Course Objective General Objective
At the end of this course the students will be able to describe the morphology,
classification, clinical features, pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis and prevention
and control measures of helminthes. It is also intended to equip the students with
basic practical skills of laboratory techniques (specimen collection, processing,
examination and reporting) and apply quality assurance in medical parasitology
laboratory.
Instructional Objectives
1. Knowledge
Discuss the concepts of parasitism, the relationships between parasites and host,
between parasites and environment and the cultural and socioeconomic factors
affecting the transmission of parasites
Explain the general epidemiological aspects of parasites that affect human
Illustrate the life cycle of specific parasites
Explain laboratory quality control in parasitology
List characteristics used to identify helminthic parasites involved in human
infections
Classify parasites having medical significance for human
Discuss the concepts of parasitism, the relationships between parasites and host,
between parasites and environment and the cultural and socioeconomic factors
affecting the transmission of parasites
Explain the general epidemiological aspects of parasites that affect human
List characteristics used to identify helminthic parasites involved in human
infections
Describe the general characteristics of Helminthes
Explain the classification of Helminthes
List the most common medically important Helminthes
Describe the life cycle of Helminthes
Explain the morphology, epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment of Helminthes
Describe the prevention and control measures of Helminthes
Compare and contrast the different techniques of Helminthes
Explain laboratory quality control in parasitology
2. Skill
Perform collection, processing, transportation of parasitological specimens (urine,
stool, blood, skin slit, body fluids, tissue biopsy, aspirate)
Examine parasitological specimens using parasitological techniques
Prepare permanent smear for the identification of intestinal protozoa
Prepare reagents to be used in Parasitology
3. Attitude
Adhere safety rules in the laboratory
Pre-requisite(s)
Course Status Core
Mode of Delivery Block
Schedule
Day Contact Topics Required
Hour Reference
1 4 Hr. 1. Introduction to Medical Parasitology
1.1 Definition of terms
1.2 Features of parasites Ref 1 - 7
1.3 Source of infection
1.4 Mode of transmission
1.4.1 Direct mode of transmission
1.4.2 Indirect mode of transmission
1.5 Routes of transmission
3 Hr Lab
Lab visit and Demonstration of different lab equipment and reagent
preparation
2 Hr Assignment I
Reading Assignment
3 Hr Independent Study
2 4 Hr 1.6 Host parasite inter-relationship
1.7 Effect of parasites on the host Ref 1 - 7
1.8 Host susceptibility factors
1.9 Escape mechanisms of parasites from the immune system
1.10 General life cycle of parasites
1.10.1 Direct life cycle
1.10.2 Indirect life cycle
3 Hr Lab
Preparation different reagent for parasitological techniques
1Hr Assessment
Test 1
4 Hr Independent Study
3 4 Hr 2 General laboratory diagnosis of parasites
2.1 Types of specimen (urine, blood, stool, sputum, skin.) Ref 1 – 7
2.2 Collection and preparation of specimen used for parasitological
examination
2.3 Preservation of parasites
3 Hr Lab
Demonstration of collection, preparation and preservation of different
parasitological specimens
Macroscopic examination of stool
2 Hr Assignment II
Written Assignment
3 Hr Independent Study
4 4 Hr 2.4 General techniques used for parasitological examination Ref 1 - 7
2.4.1 Microscopic (saline, iodine, concentration, staining, …)
2.4.2 Chemical (Occult blood, Bile pigments)
2.4.3 Culture, Immunologic, Blotting, PCR
2.4.4 Xenodiagnosis
2.4.5 Reporting results
3 Hr. Lab
Wet mount preparation ( Saline and Iodine)
Demonstration of different concentration techniques
Parasite culture, Immunological and other available parasitological
techniques demonstration
2 Hr Assignment III
Reading Assignment
1 Hr Tutorial
2 Hr Independent Study
5 4hr 3 Helminthes
3.1 Introduction to helminthes Ref 1 – 7
3.2 Classification of helminthes
3.3 General features of Nemathelminthes
3.4 General features of Platyhelminthes
4 Nemathelminthes
4.1 Burden and impact on human life
4.2 General features
4.3 Intestinal Nematodes
4.4 Ascaris lumbricoides
4.4.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle
4.4.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
4.4.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
3Hr Lab
Direct Wet mount (Saline, eosin , Iodine )&Examination and
identification of intestinal parasites
1Hr Assessment
Quiz 1
4Hr Independent work
6 4hr 4.5 Hookworm ( Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus)
4.5.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle Ref 1 - 7
4.5.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
4.5.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
4.6 Strongyloides stercoralis
4.6.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle
4.6.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
4.6.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
3 Hr Lab
Direct Wet mount &Examination and identification of intestinal
parasites
Occult blood test
Water emergence sem concentration techniques for S. Stercolaris larva
1 Hr Assessment
Presentation I
4 Hr Independent Study
7 4 Hr 4.7 Enterobius vermicularis
4.7.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle Ref 1 - 7
4.7.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
4.7.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
4.8 Trichuris trichiura
4.8.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle
4.8.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
4.8.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
4.9 Blood and Tissue nematodes
4.10 General characteristics
4.11 Wuchereria bancrofti
4.11.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle
4.11.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
4.11.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
4.12 Podoconiosis
4.12.1 Causative agent
4.12.2 Epidemiology
4.12.3 Burden
4.12.4 Differential diagnosis with Lymphatic filariasis
3 Hr Lab
Direct Wet mount (Saline, Iodine) & Examination and identification of
intestinal parasites
2 Hr Assignment IV
Reading Assignment
1 Hr Assessment
Quiz II
2 Hr Independent Study
8 4 Hr 4.13 Brugia malayi/timori Reference
4.13.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle no 1-7
4.13.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
4.13.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
4.14 Loa loa
4.14.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle
4.14.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
4.14.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
4.15 Onchocerca volvulus
4.15.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle
4.15.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
4.15.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
4.16 Trichinella spiralis
4.16.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle
4.16.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
4.16.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
3 Hr Lab
Concentration Techniques
(Sedimentation )&Examination and identification of intestinal parasites
1 Hr Assessment
Test II
4 Hr Independent Study
9 4 Hr 4.17 Dracunculus medinensis Reference
4.17.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle no 1-7
4.17.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
4.17.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
4.18 Larva Migrans
4.18.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle
4.18.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
4.18.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
5 Platyhelminthes
5.1 General characteristics of Platyhelminthes
5.2 Tape worms (Cestodes)
5.3 General characteristics
5.4 Taenia Species (Taenia saginata and solium)
5.4.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle
5.4.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
5.4.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
3 Hr Lab
Concentration Techniques (flotation)&Examination and identification of
intestinal parasites
2 Hr Assignment V
Written Assignment
3 Hr Independent
10 4 Hr 5.5 Hymenolepis nana Reference
5.5.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle no 1-7
5.5.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
5.5.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
5.6 Hymenolepis diminuta
5.6.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle
5.6.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
5.6.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
5.7 Echinococcus granulosus
5.7.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle
5.7.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
5.7.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
5.8 Diphyllobothrim latum
5.8.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle
5.8.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
5.8.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
10 3 Hr Lab
Examination of persevered specimens and slides and identification of
different parasites diagnostic stages
1 Hr Tutorial
4 Hr Independent Study
11 4 Hr 5.9 The flukes (trematodes) Reference
5.10 General characteristics no 1-7
5.11 Blood flukes
5.12 General characteristics
5.13 Schistosoma mansoni
5.13.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle
5.13.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
5.13.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
5.14 Schistosoma japonicum
5.14.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle
5.14.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
5.14.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
5.15 Schistosoma haematobium
5.15.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle
5.15.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
5.15.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
5.16 Schistosoma intercalatum and Schistosoma mekongi
5.16.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle
5.16.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
5.16.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
5.17 Cercarial dermatitis
3 Hr Lab
Kato Katz concentration techniques and identification of Schistosoma
and other intestinal helminths egg
11 2 Hr Assignment VI
Read Assignment
1 Hr Assessment
Test III
2 Hr Independent Study
12 4 Hr 5.18 Liver flukes Reference
5.18.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle no 1-7
5.18.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
5.18.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
5.19 Intestinal flukes
5.19.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle
5.19.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
5.19.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
5.20 Lung flukes
5.20.1 Epidemiology, Morphology, Transmission and life cycle
5.20.2 Clinical features, Laboratory diagnosis
5.20.3 Treatment, Prevention& control
6. Quality assurance in parasitology
3 Hr Lab
Examination of persevered specimens and slides and identification of
different parasites diagnostic stages
1 Hr Assessment
Presentation II
4 Hr Independent Study
13 3 Hr Lab
Morning Examination of persevered specimens and slides and identification of
different parasites diagnostic stages
3 Hr Lab
Afternoon Examination of persevered specimens and slides and identification of
different parasites diagnostic stages
6 Hr Independent Study
14 3 Hr Lab
Morning Examination of persevered specimens and slides and identification of
different parasites diagnostic stages
3 Hr Lab
Afternoon Examination of persevered specimens and slides and identification of
different parasites diagnostic stages
6 Hr Independent Study
15 12 Hrs Independent Study
16 3 Hrs Final Written Exam
6 Hrs Final Practical Exam
Teaching and Learning Methods
Interactive Lecture, Brainstorming and Discussion
Case Study, Presentation and Group Discussion
Computer assisted instruction
Laboratory Practical and Demonstration
Individual or Group Tutorial, Home Study
Description of learning materials
Text Books, Lecture Notes
Laboratory Manuals and Bench Aids
Visual Aids (Video cassettes, LCD)
Chalk and Board, Flip Charts
Laboratory Equipments, Materials and Supplies
Assessment Two individual written assignments, three more Competence to be assessed
Assessment in non-graded reading assignments and laboratory
this course will be report writing will be given
based on written Assignment 1: 0% (Day1)
assignments Assignment 2: 0% (Day 3)
(20%), three Assignment 3: 10% (Day 4)
continuous tests Assignment 4: 0% (Day 7)
(15%). Practical Assignment 5: 10% (Day 9)
exam (20%), Assignment 6: 0% (Day 11)
Laboratory report Test I: 5% (Day 2)
(15%) and Final
Test II: 5% (Day 8)
exam (30%)
Test III: 5% (Day 11)
Final Practical Exam: 20% (Day 16)
Final Written Exam: 30% (Day 16)
Laboratory report 15% (Day
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10); 1.5% each.
Course expectation You should come with appropriate course materials during the lecture and
laboratory sessions (handouts, laboratory manuals, laboratory reports)
Wear gown during the laboratory activities and never wear gown outside the
laboratory
You are expected to actively participate during discussions in the class. If you are
working in a group or with a partner, you must be a part of the group.
Complete the assignments and other activities on time. Use your time for group
work and home study effectively.
Course Policy Refer to national modular curriculum page No ---
Reference (s) 1. Heelan J.S, Ingersoll F.W. Essential of Human Parasitology. Delmar 2002.
2. Cheesbrough M. District Laboratory Practice in Tropical Countries. Part 1,
Cambridge 1998.
3. Debub University. Parasitology for Health Science Students, lecture note series;
2004.
4. Beaver P.C, et al. Clinical Parasitology. K.M Varghese Company; 9th edition,
1984.
5. Markell et al. Medical Parasitology. W.B Saunders Company 6th edition 1986.
6. Brown H. Basic Clinical Parasitology. ACC Norwalk; 5th edition, 1983.
7. Chiodini P.L. et al. Atlas of Medical Helminthology and Protozoology. Churchill
Livingstone, 4th edition; 2001.
Name of Module Coordinator/Course team leader: __________________
Approval Section
Signature ___________________Date:________________
Name of School/Department head______________________________
8. Signature ________________Date:_____________
