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Types of Angles and Triangles Explained

The document provides an overview of elementary shapes in mathematics, detailing the definitions and classifications of line segments, angles, triangles, quadrilaterals, and polygons. It explains various types of triangles based on sides and angles, as well as the characteristics of quadrilaterals and their specific types. Additionally, it introduces three-dimensional shapes and their components, such as faces, edges, and vertices.

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33 views4 pages

Types of Angles and Triangles Explained

The document provides an overview of elementary shapes in mathematics, detailing the definitions and classifications of line segments, angles, triangles, quadrilaterals, and polygons. It explains various types of triangles based on sides and angles, as well as the characteristics of quadrilaterals and their specific types. Additionally, it introduces three-dimensional shapes and their components, such as faces, edges, and vertices.

Uploaded by

vaisakhimedia9
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATHS UNDERSTANDING ELEMENTARY SHAPES

Understanding Elementary Shapes

1. The distance between the end points of a line segment is called its length. The lengths of line
segments can be compared using a ruler and divider.

2. The measurement of an angle or its size depends upon the amount of opening between its sides. One
complete revolution is divided into 360 equal parts. Each part is a degree.

3. Types of angles

i. A right angle = 90o, a straight angle = 180o, a complete angle = 360o


ii. 0o < acute angle < 90o < obtuse angle < 180o < reflex angle < 360o

4. When two lines intersect and the angle between them is a right angle, then the lines are said to be
perpendicular.

5. A triangle is three sided closed figure.

Classification of Triangles

On the basis of sides:


A triangle is said to be
i. an isosceles triangle if two of its sides are equal;
ii. a scalene triangle if all of its three sides are of different lengths;
iii. an equilateral triangle if all of its sides are of equal lengths.

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MATHS UNDERSTANDING ELEMENTARY SHAPES

On the basis of angles:


A triangle is said to be
i. an acute triangle if each one of its angles measure less than 90 o;
ii. an obtuse triangle if one of its angles measure more than 90 o;
iii. a right triangle if one of its angles measure 90o.

6. A quadrilateral is a four sided polygon. Types of quadrilateral are:

i.A quadrilateral which has exactly one pair of parallel sides is called a trapezium.
ii.A quadrilateral in which both pairs of opposite sides are parallel is called a parallelogram.
iii.A parallelogram in which all the sides are equal is called a rhombus.
iv. A parallelogram in which each angle is a right angle is called a rectangle.
v. A parallelogram in which all the sides are equal and each angle is equal to a right angle is called
a square.
vi. A quadrilateral which has two pairs of equal adjacent sides but unequal opposite sides is called a
kite.

7. A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if
i. its opposite sides are equal, or
ii. its opposite angles are equal, or
iii. its diagonals bisect each other, or
iv. it has one pair of opposite sides equal and parallel.

8. The diagonals of a rhombus bisect each other at right angles.

9. The diagonals of a rectangle are equal.

10. The diagonals of a square are equal and they bisect each other at right angles.

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MATHS UNDERSTANDING ELEMENTARY SHAPES

11. A closed figure made up of 3 or more sides is called polygon. Some types of polygons are:

12. Those shapes which we can see around us are called three dimensional shapes. Some standard 3D
shapes are:

Each side of a solid has a surface called a face.

Two faces meet at a line segment called an edge.

Three edges meet at a point called a vertex.

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