Scribd
Upload
61 views2 pages

Screenshot 2025-03-14 at 22.31.37

This document is a study guide on base e and natural logarithms, explaining their properties and providing examples of equations and inequalities involving these functions. It includes exercises for writing equivalent logarithmic or exponential equations and solving various equations and inequalities. The guide emphasizes the use of calculators to evaluate natural logarithms and the relationship between e and ln functions.

Uploaded by

yuliaamman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
61 views2 pages

Screenshot 2025-03-14 at 22.31.37

This document is a study guide on base e and natural logarithms, explaining their properties and providing examples of equations and inequalities involving these functions. It includes exercises for writing equivalent logarithmic or exponential equations and solving various equations and inequalities. The guide emphasizes the use of calculators to evaluate natural logarithms and the relationship between e and ln functions.

Uploaded by

yuliaamman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE ____________________________ PERIOD _____________

7-7 Study Guide and Intervention


Base e and Natural Logarithms
Base e and Natural Logarithms The irrational number e ≈ 2.71828… often occurs as the base for exponential and
logarithmic functions that describe real-world phenomena.

As n increases, 1 + approaches e ≈ 2.71828….


Natural Base e
ln x = log x

The functions f (x) = 𝑒 and f(x) = ln x are inverse functions.

Inverse Property of Base e and Natural Logarithms 𝑒 =x ln 𝑒 = x

Natural base expressions can be evaluated using the 𝑒 and ln keys on your calculator.

Example 1: Write a logarithmic equation equivalent to 𝒆𝟐𝒙 = 7.


𝒆𝟐𝒙 = 7 → log 7 = 2x
2x = ln 7

Example 2: Write each logarithmic equation in exponential form.


a. ln x ≈ 0.3345 b. ln 42 = x
ln x ≈ 0.3345 → log x ≈ 0.3345 ln 42 = x → log 42 = x
. 42 = 𝑒
x≈𝑒

Exercises
Write an equivalent exponential or logarithmic equation.
1. 𝑒 =x 2. 𝑒 = 45 3. ln 20 = x 4. ln x = 8

.
5. 𝑒 = 0.2 6. ln (4x) = 9.6 7. 𝑒 = 10x 8. ln 0.0002 = x

Evaluate each logarithm to the nearest ten-thousandth.


9. ln 12,492 10. ln 50.69 11. ln 9275 12. ln 0.835

13. ln 943 – ln 181 14. ln 67 + ln 103 15. ln 931 ⋅ ln 32 16. ln (139 – 45)

Chapter 7 47 Glencoe Algebra 2


NAME _____________________________________________ DATE ____________________________ PERIOD _____________

7-7 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)


Base e and Natural Logarithms
Equations and Inequalities with e and ln All properties of logarithms from earlier lessons can be used to solve
equations and inequalities with natural logarithms.

Example: Solve each equation or inequality.


a. 3𝒆𝟐𝒙 + 2 = 10
3𝑒 + 2 = 10 Original equation
3𝑒 =8 Subtract 2 from each side.

𝑒 = Divide each side by 3.

ln 𝑒 = ln Property of Equality for Logarithms

2x = ln Inverse Property of Exponents and Logarithms

x = ln Multiply each side by

x ≈ 0.4904 Use a calculator.

b. ln (4x – 1) < 2
ln (4x – 1) < 2 Original inequality
( )
𝑒 <𝑒 Write each side using exponents and base e.
0 < 4x – 1 < 𝑒 Inverse Property of Exponents and Logarithms
1 < 4x < 𝑒 + 1 Addition Property of Inequalities

< x < (𝑒 + 1) Multiplication Property of Inequalities

0.25 < x < 2.0973 Use a calculator.

Exercises
Solve each equation or inequality. Round to the nearest ten-thousandth.
1. 𝑒 = 120 2. 𝑒 ≤ 25 3. 𝑒 + 4 = 21

4. ln 6x ≥ 4 5. ln (x + 3) – 5 = –2 6𝑒 ≤ 50

7. 𝑒 – 3 = 12 8. ln (5x + 3) = 3.6 9. 2𝑒 +5=2

10. 6 + 3𝑒 = 21 11. ln (2x – 5) = 8 12. ln 5x + ln 3x > 9

Chapter 7 48 Glencoe Algebra 2

You might also like