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Conditionals

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5 views

Conditionals

Cond

Uploaded by

Noorulain Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Conditionals

Conditionals

Conditionals are used to talk about possible or imaginary situations and


their consequences. They are structured around "if" clauses. There are five
main types of conditionals: Zero, First, Second, Third, and Mixed
Conditionals.
Types of Conditionals
1. Zero Conditional
•Use: For general truths or facts that are always true.
•Structure:
If + Present Simple, Present Simple
(both clauses are in the present tense)
•Examples:
• If you heat water to 100°C, it boils.
• If it rains, the ground gets wet.
Types of Conditionals
2. First Conditional
•Use: For real or likely situations in the present or future.
•Structure:
If + Present Simple, will + Base Verb
•Examples:
• If it rains tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic.
• If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
Types of Conditionals
3. Second Conditional
•Use: For hypothetical or unreal situations in the present or future.
•Structure:
If + Past Simple, would + Base Verb
•Examples:
• If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house.
• If she were taller, she would play basketball.
Types of Conditionals
4. Third Conditional
•Use: For hypothetical or unreal situations in the past (talking about regrets or
things that didn’t happen).
•Structure:
If + Past Perfect, would have + Past Participle
•Examples:
• If I had studied, I would have passed the test.
• If she had arrived earlier, she would have met him.
Types of Conditionals
4. Third Conditional
•Use: For hypothetical or unreal situations in the past (talking about regrets or
things that didn’t happen).
•Structure:
If + Past Perfect, would have + Past Participle
•Examples:
• If I had studied, I would have passed the test.
• If she had arrived earlier, she would have met him.
Types of Conditionals
5. Mixed Conditional
•Use: Combines two different times (past and present/future).
•Structure:
If + Past Perfect, would + Base Verb (Past + Present)
•Examples:
• If I had saved more money, I would own a car now.
• If he had studied medicine, he would be a doctor today.
Exercises for Practice
Part A: Complete the Sentences
1.If I see her, I _______ (tell) her the news.
2.If I _______ (have) a million dollars, I would travel the world.
3.If he _______ (study) harder, he would have passed the exam.
4.If it _______ (rain) tomorrow, we will stay at home.
5.If she had called me, I _______ (go) to the party.
Part B: Rewrite the Sentences Using Conditionals
1.I didn’t know you were sick, so I didn’t visit you.
2.She didn’t practice, so she failed the test.
3.He works hard, so he earns good money.
4.It’s cold outside, so I wear a jacket.
5.He spends too much money, so he can’t save.
Exercises for Practice
Part A: Complete the Sentences
1.If I see her, I _______ (tell) her the news.
2.If I _______ (have) a million dollars, I would travel the world.
3.If he _______ (study) harder, he would have passed the exam.
4.If it _______ (rain) tomorrow, we will stay at home.
5.If she had called me, I _______ (go) to the party.
Part B: Rewrite the Sentences Using Conditionals
1.I didn’t know you were sick, so I didn’t visit you.
2.She didn’t practice, so she failed the test.
3.He works hard, so he earns good money.
4.It’s cold outside, so I wear a jacket.
5.He spends too much money, so he can’t save.

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