ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

I. Write the correct letter of answer

a. Physics b. Environmental scienc c. Hydrology d. Biology e. Ecology
f. Atmospheric sciences g. Botany h. Environmental chemistry i. Geoscience

1. is the study of the environment, the processes it undergoes, and the problems that
arise generally from the interaction of humans with the environment
2. is a branch of science concerned with the interrelationship of organisms and their
environments
3. is the study of chemical processes occurring in the environment which are impacted by
humankind's activities.
4. includes all the sciences (geology, geophysics, and geochemistry) that study
the structure, evolution and dynamics of the planet Earth and its natural mineral and
energy resources.
5. is an umbrella term for the study of the atmosphere, its processes,the effects other
systems have on the atmosphere, and the effects of the atmosphere on these other system
6. is a branch of science that deals with the study of life.
7. a discipline of biology, is the science of plant life
8. beneath the surface of the Earth, the occurrence and movement of water, the physical
chemical properties of water, and its relationship with the living and material components
of the environment.
9. is used to understand the change of material and energy interaction and construct
mathematical models of environmental phenomena.

II. Circle the correct answer

1. Environmentalism, which is sometimes described as
a. green politics b. blue politics c. red politics

2. is a different way of thinking in which people try to care more about the planet and the
long-term survival of life on Earth. It means recognizing the planet's environmental problems
and coming up with solutions (individually and collectively) that try to put them right.
a. Environmentalism b. Conservatism c. Naturalism

3. is a specialist who studies, collects and analyzes data pertaining to environmental conditions
problems
a. environmental scientist b. Conservationist c. Naturalist

4. Employs traditional values of environmental stewardship

a. environmental scientist b. Conservationist c. Naturalist

5. The environment is something we use, so we have to conserve it and take care of it, so
that others can use it in the future. They promote the “wise use” policy.
a. environmental scientist b. Conservationist c. Naturalist

6. The environment is to be saved, preserved, set aside, and protected from human abuse.
They believe in the policy of “protectionism”
a. environmental scientist b. Conservationist c. Naturalist
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
III.Write the correct letter of answer
a. Wangari Maathaid.Theodore Roosevelt g. Aldo Leopold j. John Muir
b. Gaylord Nelson e. Gifford Pinchot h. Julia 'Butterfly' Hill k. Rachel Carson
c. David Brower f. Chico Mendes i. Henry David Thoreau l. Edward Abbey
m. Von Hernandez n. Nicanor Perla o. Gina Lopez p. . Loren Legarda q. Chin Chin Gutierre
1. Naturalist and Writer was born in Scotland, His tireless efforts led to the creation of Yose
National Park, Sequoia National Park and millions of other conservation areas
founded the Sierra Club "to make the mountains glad."
2. A Scientist ,Author and Environmentalist study biology at Johns Hopkins University
Her most famous work, however, was 1962's controversial Silent Spring, in which she
described the devastating effect that pesticides like DDT were having on the environment
3. Author , Monkey-Wrencher and environmentalists, best known for his passionate defense
of the Deserts of America's southwest
4. Ecologist, Author and Environmentalist considered by some to be the godfather of wilder
conservation
5. Environmental Activist lived in the branches of an ancient redwood tree (which she name
Luna) in northern California to save it from being cut down
6. Author, Activist and Environmentalits who wrote an influential political piece called Resis
to Civil Government (Civil Disobedience) that outlined the moral bankruptcy of overbearing
governments.
7. Politician and Conservationist, he outlawed the use of feathers as clothing adornment in
order to prevent the slaughter of some birds
8. Forester and Conservationist , he publicly battled John Muir over the destruction of
wilderness tracts like Hetch Hetchy in California,
9. Conservationist and Activist, best known for his efforts at saving the rainforests of Brazil
from logging and ranching activities. Came from a family of rubber harvesters who
supplemented their income by sustainably gathering nuts and other rainforest products
10. Political Activist and Environmentalist, founded the Green Belt Movement in Africa and
helped to plant over 30 million trees. Was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize,while continuing
to fight for the rights of women, the politically oppressed and the natural environment
11.Politician and Environmentalist, he created an Outdoor Recreation Acquisition Program t
saved about one million acres of park land. Best known as the founder of Earth Day, which
become an international celebration of all things environmental.
12. Environmental Activist, has been associated with wilderness preservation since he
began mountain climbing as a young man. Brower was appointed the Sierra Club's first exe
director in 1952
13. is the founding chair and president of the ecological foundation Alaga LAHAT
14. With her "Luntiang Pilipinas" foundation, Legarda has planted over two million trees all
over the Philippine archipelago.One of her major accomplishments as an environmentalist i
passage of the Climate Change Act in October 2009
15. She is an environmentalist and philanthropist who is the incumbent Chairperson of the
Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission
16. Founded the first ecological society in the Philippines. He became Co-Chair of the Green
Forum of environmental groups, and became a member of Mikael Gorbachov's Commission
on Globalization
 17. He has spoken up against the processing of imported garbage, when waste incinerators
out clouds of dioxin and other harmful chemicals. The Philippines was the first nation in
the world to ban waste incineration nationwide, in 1999

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
IV. True or False
1. Ecology is not synonymous with environmental science
2. Ecology is a science which studies the relationships between humans and otherorganism
and their environment
3. The word ecology is derived from the Greek word oikos, which means “nature”, and logos
which means “study”
4. The environment always consist of nonliving components which affect its living compone
– its organisms
5. Ecology deals not with what is within the organism but with what is outside the organism
6. Life starts with cells
7. A group of cells carrying out specific function forms an organ
8. A group of organ is called organ system
9. A population is a group of organisms of the same kind while community is a group of
populations living together in a given place
10. Ecosystem, the basic unit of ecology, refers to the interaction between the organism a
environment
11. The biosphere is the world of life. It is that part of the earth where life operates.
It is a system capable of capturing, converting, storing and utilizing the energy of the sun
to support life
12. The science of ecology, is a gateway to the understanding of the interactions of the
biological, physical and social components of our environment
13.In physics, these are known as the first and the second laws of thermodynamics.
The first law of thermodynamics is similar to the law of conservation of matter
14. Ponds are seasonal while lakes exist for hundreds of years
15. Rivers are larger and deeper while streams are shorter and shallower
16. Great Barrier Reef in the Northeast of Australia is the largest coral reef in the world.
17. Africa Desert – largest desert in the world

V. Circle the correct answer

1. The range of environmental conditions that are tolerable for survival in a species.
In other words, too little or too much of a specific environmental condition may result in dea
a. law of tolerance b. range of tolerance c. nature of tolerance
2. The population will thrive in a given ecosystem if the level of abiotic factors fall within the
range of tolerance to its individual
a. principle of limiting factor b. nature of tolerance c. law of tolerance
3. There are abiotic factors, physical or chemical, which could limit the growth of a population
a. range of tolerance b. principle of limiting factor c. law of tolerance
4. Who is considered the Father of Modern Chemistry
a. John Muir b. Gaylord Nelson c. Antoine Lavoisier
5. The law states that “matter can neither be created nor destroyed”.
a. law of conservation of matter b. law of conservation of energyc. second law of energy
6. states that energy, like matter, cannot be created nor destroyed. The total amount of
 energy in the universe is constant
a. law of conservation of matter b. law of conservation of energyc. second law of energy
7. states that when energy changes, its quality is always degraded
a. law of conservation of matter b. law of conservation of energyc. second law of energy

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
VI. Circle the correct answer
1. Is a community of plants, animals and microorganisms that interact with their physical
environment and interdependent on each other for survival
a. Biosphere b. Population c. Ecosystem

2. Is way to describe a large group of similar ecosystems which have similar weather, rainfall,
animals, and plants
a. Biomes b. autotrophs c. heterotrophs

3. Is consists of any part of Earth that is covered with water. It is the largest biome covering
nearly 75 % of the earth’s surface
a. Desert Biome b. Forest Biome c. Aquatic Biome

4. It has a wide variety of plants, trees, animals, insects, and microscopic organisms. 30% of th
Earth is considered part of this biome
a. Tundra Biome b. Grassland Biome c. Forest Biome

5. It cover about one fifth of the Earth’s surface. It has very little vegetation and extreme climat
depending on its location
a. Grassland Biome b. Aquatic Biome c. Desert Biome

6. Are the coldest places on Earth. It is noted for its frost-molded landscapes, extremely low
temperatures, little precipitation, poor nutrients, and short growing seasons
a. Forest Biome b. Tundra Biome c. Grassland Biome

7. It is made of rolling hills of various grasses. They receive just enough rain to sustain grass
but not enough to grow many trees
a. Desert Biome b. Grassland Biome c. Forest Biome
8.It is defined as having a low salt concentration —usually less than 1%.

a. Freshwater Region b. Marine Region

9. Happens when the area is wet enough for there to be plants and animals that have adapted
to the wet conditions. The water is often groundwater, seeping up from an aquifer or spring
a. wetland biome b. Ocean biome c. Estuary

10. Are large bodies of water approximately 70% of the Earth’s surface
a. wetland biome b. Ocean biome c. Estuary

11. Is a partially enclosed body of water formed when freshwater from rivers or streams connec
with salt ocean water.
a. Coral reefs b. Estuary c. Wetland biome
12. Are not part of the ocean biome even though they are found in the ocean - it is found in
shallow area of clear water within the ocean
a. Coral reefs b. Estuary c. Wetland biome

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

13. Type of Forest Biome that has 2 seasons present (rainy and dry seasons) and is found
near the Equator
a. Tropical forest b. Temperate forest c. Boreal or Taiga forest

14. Type of Forest Biome composed mostly of deciduous trees and its temperature ranges from
hot in the summer and extremely cold in the winter
a. Tropical forest b. Temperate forest c. Boreal or Taiga forest

15. Type of Forest Biome composed mostly of pine trees.

a. Tropical forest b. Temperate forest c. Boreal or Taiga forest

16. Type of Desert Biome that has warm throughout the year and very hot in the summer and it
average rainfall is 1.5 cm or even rain less
a. Coastal desert b. . Semi-arid desert c. Hot and dry desert

17. Type of Desert Biome that has the average rainfall is 2-4 cm and have some vegetation
a. Semi-arid desert b. Cold desert c. Coastal desert

18. Type of Desert Biome that has Average rainfall is about 8-13 cm
a. Hot and dry desert b. Coastal desert c. Semi-arid desert

19. Type of Desert Biome that has cold winters with snowfall
a. Cold desert b. Semi-arid desert c. Coastal desert

20. Type of Tundra Biome which is located in the Northern hemisphere and known for its cold,
desertlike conditions
a. Alpine Tundra b. Arctic Tundra

21. Type of Tundra Biome which is located in mountains throughout the world at high
altitude where trees can’t grow
a. Alpine Tundra b. Arctic Tundra

22. Type of Grassland Biome with scattered individual trees and have both dry and rainy season
a. Savanna grasslands b. Temperate grasslands

23. Type of Grassland Biome which has the dominance of grasses and located in colder climate
regions and receive less precipitation than savanna
a. Savanna grasslands b. Temperate grasslands
24. Is a place where an organism or a community of organisms lives, including all living (biotic)
and nonliving (abiotic) components or conditions of the surrounding environment
a. habitat b. ecosystem c. community

25. Is a is a group of organisms of the same kind

a. community b. population c. biosphere

26. is a group of populations living together in a given place

a. community b. population c. biosphere
VII. Fill in the blanks
Scavengers producers abiotic photosynthesis omnivores
glucose decomposers rain niche temperature
autotrophs consumers ecological niche carnivores heterotrophs
herbivores species' niche dead organic matter sun soil

The biotic component of the ecosystem is made up of two groups of organisms: tho

that can produce their own food called __________ or ________ such as plants, algae along with

some bacteria. Producers manufacture food in the form of ____________ by the process of

________________. Those that consume or eat other organisms called _______________ or

____________ such as animals. Animals such as grasshoppers or goats which eat plant products

are considered _____________. Animals that eat other animal products are termed as _________.

Those that eat both plant and animal products are known as _____________

There exists a special type of consumer that obtains their nourishment by feeding o

plants and animals and these are known as _______________ such as bacteria. ____________ are

consumers that wait for their prey to die before they feed on them

In ecology, an _________________ is the role and position a species has in its

environment; how it meets its needs for food and shelter, how it survives, and how it reproduces

A ___________ includes all of its interactions with the biotic and abiotic factors of its environment

A _________ is determined by the tolerance limitations of an organism to different limiting factors

The _________ components of the ecosystem contribute substances necessary for th

smooth function and existence of life. It include the __________ that provides water or moisture.

The ____________________ in the soil that provides the nutrients. The _______ that provides

energy for photosynthesis. The ___________ that provides oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and

other gases. The _______ where the plants get mineral nutrients and water. ______________ that
determine the kind of plants and animals that exist in an ecosystem and the wind that provides

motion for transport of other biotic and abiotic components

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
VIII. Circle the correct answer
1. Describe the interactions between and among organisms within their environment
These interactions may have positive, negative, or neutral effects on either species'
ability to survive and reproduce, or "fitness."
a. Ecological relationship b. Feeding Relationship

2. It is when one organism eats another organism to obtain nutrients. Its most often
associated with the classic predator-prey interaction, in which one species kills and consumes
another. As an example, a rattlesnake kills and eats a rat
a. Predation b. Competition

3. It is when individuals or populations compete for the same resource and can occur within
or between species.
a. Predation b. Competition

4 A relationship in which both species benefit.

a. mutualism b. commensalism c. Amensalism d. Parasitism

5. An interaction where one species benefits and the other remains unaffected.
a. mutualism b. commensalism c. Amensalism d. Parasitism

6. An interaction in which the presence of one species hurts or harms another, but the first
species is unaffected
a. mutualism b. commensalism c. Amensalism d. Parasitism

7. It is a relationship in which one organism benefits and the other organism is harmed and
sometimes killed
a. mutualism b. commensalism c. Amensalism d. Parasitism

8. Competition between different species

a. intraspecies b. interspecies

9. Competition between individuals of the same species

a. intraspecies b. interspecies

10. When organisms compete for a resource such as food or water

a. consumptive or exploitative b. interference c. preemptive

11. When they compete for the territory

 a. consumptive or exploitative b. interference c. preemptive

12. When they compete for new territory by arriving in the area first
a. consumptive or exploitative b. interference c. preemptive

13. A form of mutualism where one organism cannot survive without the other
a. obligate mutualism b. facultative mutualism

14. A form of mutualism in which each organism can survive independently,

but it benefits both to remain together
a. obligate mutualism b. facultative mutualism
15. Type of Commensalism which is the association between two different species
where one lives in or on another organism’s body
a. Inquilinism b. phoresy c. metabiosis
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
VIII. Write the correct letter of answer
16. Type of Commensalism when one organism attaches itself to another’s body for transportati
a. Inquilinism b. phoresy c. metabiosis
17. Type of Commensalism when species unintentionally make a shelter for some species
a. Inquilinism b. phoresy c. metabiosis
18. A rattlesnake kills and eats a rat
a. Predation b. Competition c. Mutualism d. Commensalism
19. Cheetahs and lions both feed on the same prey like deers
a. Predation b. Competition c. Mutualism d. Commensalism
20. Bees get the nectar they need to make honey by traveling between flowers. The bee brings
pollen from one plant to another, resulting in pollination
a. Predation b. Competition c. Mutualism d. Commensalism
21. A bird that lives in the hollows of a tree. The bird’s presence generally does not harm the tre
but the tree provides the bird with shelter and protection
a. Amensalism b. Commensalism c. Competition d. mutualism
22. The chemical juglone produced in the roots of black walnut inhibits the growth of other trees
and shrubs but does not affect the walnut tree
a. Amensalism b. Commensalism c. Competition d. mutualism
23. These are Ectoparasites that live outside their hosts
a. ticks and fleas b. tapeworm c. hookworm d. earthworm
24. These are Endoparasites that live inside the host.
a. hookworm b. earthworm c. ticks and fle d. tapeworm
25. Shows how each living thing gets its food. It is a series of nutrients and energy moving throu
a chain of organisms
a. food chain b. food web
26. Describes the feeding relationship of organisms in an ecosystem. It consists of many food
chains connected.
a. food chain b. food web
27. Types of food chain that starts with green plants which are the producers. The green plants
producers are grazed by herbivorous animals which are further eaten by carnivores
a. Detritus food chain b. grazing food chain
28. Type of food chain that starts with dead organic matter which is eaten by animals which in
turn are eaten by other animals in the soil.
a. Detritus food chain b. grazing food chain
29. Are the feeding positions of all organisms in a specific ecosystem
a. Tropic level b. energy pyramid c. biomass
30. An __________ a graphical model of energy flow in a community. Every time energy
is transferred from one organism to another, there is a loss of energy
a. Tropic level b. energy pyramid c. biomass
31. Which is referred to as the total mass of organisms in a trophic level
a. Tropic level b. energy pyramid c. biomass

32. Only about _%of the energy of one step in a food chain is stored in the next step in the food
a. 10% b. 20% c. 30%
IX. Fill in the blanks
decomposers sun first-order consumers third-order consumers
predators producers second-order consumers natural enemies

A food chain starts with the energy source, the ________. The next link in the chain is the
group of organisms that make their food or the _____________ . Next in the sequence are the
organisms that eat the producers; they are the ____________________. The next link in the chain
is the group of animals that eat the first-order consumers; they are the ______________________.
These organisms, in turn, are eaten by larger animals – the _______________; they are also
called, ________________________. Each food chain ends with a top predator – an animal with no
_________________. To further complete the cycle, _______________ come in for their cleanup job
and return nutrients to the soil for producers to use
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