ICECREAM WEB APPLICATION

A PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by

VIRANG CHANDRESHA
(210305105199)

In Partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

in
Computer Science & Engineering

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

Parul University ,Limbda

Session : AY 2024 - 25
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the work contained in the Internship at “Venom technologies” submitted
by Virang Chandresha , Enrollment No. 210305105199 studying at Parul Institute of
Technology for the “INDUSTRY INTERNSHIP- 203105480” is absolutely based on his own
work carried out under our supervision and that this work/thesis has not been submitted
elsewhere for any degree. To our satisfaction, this work is approved for the “INDUSTRY

INTERNSHIP- 203105480” External exam.

Twara Sanjay Parekh Sumit Chawla,

Lecturer, Computer Science Industry Mentor,
and Engineering Department Venom Technologies,
Faculty Mentor Anand
PIT – Parul University

Sumitra Menaria Swapnil Parikh

Head of Department, Principal,
Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering
Engineering Department, And Technology,
PIT – Parul University Parul University

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[Sumit Chawla] Date: 24/03/2025

TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN

This is to certify that Virang Chandresha, a student of Parul Institute of Technology, has
successfully completed his internship in the field of React-based Web Development from
15/12/2024 to 17/03/2025 under the guidance of Sumit Chawla.

His internship activities include working on a React-based website.

During the period of his internship program with us, he had been exposed to different processes
and was found diligent, hardworking, and inquisitive.

We wish him every success in his life and career.

Venom Technologies

Authorized Signature
(With Industry Stamp)

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NOC From Department

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Offer Letter from Industry

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CERTIFICATE from INDUSTRY

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 DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the Internship report submitted along with the Internship entitled
“E-commerce Ice Cream Web-Application ”, submitted in partial fulfilment for the
degree of Bachelor of Technology in Computer Science and Engineering to Parul
University, Vadodara, is a Bonafide record of original project work carried out by me,
Virang Chandresha, at Venom Technologies, under the supervision of Ms. Twara Sanjay
Parekh (Internal Guide) and Mr. Sumit Chawla (External Guide)

Virang Chandresha
Enrolment No.: 210305105199
B.Tech – Computer Science and
Engineering
Parul University, Vadodara
Place: Vadodara, Gujarat

Acknowledgment

During my internship, I had the opportunity to work on the project "E-commerce Ice-cream Shop".
This experience provided me valuable insights into the practical aspects of developing a project in an
industry-standard environment. I learned about the importance of time management, teamwork, and
adhering to professional practices while developing a functional and user-friendly solution.

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I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Twara Sanjay Parekh for their continuous guidance,
support, and valuable feedback throughout the project. Their expertise and experience greatly
contributed to the successful completion of this project.

I am also thankful to Venom technologies for providing me with the opportunity to work on this
project, learn new technologies, and gain hands-on experience. Additionally, I extend my
appreciation to my college faculty members for their encouragement and support during my
internship.
This experience has been a significant milestone in my learning journey, and I am committed to
applying the skills and knowledge gained to future projects.

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 PAPER PUBLICATION CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that research work embodied in this thesis by Mr. Virang Chandresha
OF THE STUDENT (210305105199) at Parul Institute of Technology for partial
fulfillment of B.Tech degree to be awarded by Parul University, has published/accepted
article entitled “Building a Scalable Ice Cream E-Commerce Platform” for publication
by the International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology - an UGC approved
journal , Volume 14, Issue 3, March 2025

Signature and Name of Student Signature and Name of Faculty Supervisor

VIRANG CHANDRESHA TWARA SANJAY PAREKH

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 Abstract

The E-Commerce Web Application is a robust platform designed to streamline online

shopping by integrating modern web technologies. Developed using React.js for the frontend
and Firebase for backend services, the system offers a responsive and scalable solution for
both customers and administrators. It provides seamless product browsing, secure payment
processing, and efficient order management, with Firebase Authentication ensuring secure
role-based access control.
State management is implemented using Zustand for lightweight and efficient performance,
while custom hooks and utility functions optimize code modularity. Comprehensive testing
strategies, including unit, integration, and end-to-end testing, ensure system reliability and
scalability. The deployment on cloud platforms guarantees continuous availability and
flexibility.
This project provided valuable insights into full-stack development, covering key areas such
as security, performance optimization, and state management. Future enhancements may
include advanced analytics, mobile integration, and enhanced user engagement features,
demonstrating the evolving potential of technology in e-commerce.

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 List of Abbreviation
Abbreviation Full Form

SSL Secure Sockets Layer

MFA Multi-Factor Authentication

PCI-DSS Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard

PWAs Progressive Web Applications

RBAC Role-Based Access Control

AI Artificial Intelligence

SSR Server-Side Rendering

TTI Time to Interactive

FCP First Contentful Paint

CDN Content Delivery Network

SDLC Software Development Life Cycle

API Application Programming Interface

JWT JSON Web Token

IST Indian Standard Time

HR Human Resources

UI User Interface

CSS Cascading Style Sheets

Vite A build tool for faster and leaner web development

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 List of Tables
Table No. Table Name Page No

Table 1 Framework Comparisons Page no. 29

Table 2 Redux Vs Zustand Page no. 33
Table 3 Weekly log Page no. 74-76
Table 4 Daily log Page no. 77-80

List of Figures
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 Figure No. Figure Name Page No.

Figure 1 DFD LEVEL 0 Page no. 37

Figure 2 SYSTEM DIAGRAM Page no. 38
Figure 3 USECASE Page no. 41
Figure 4 SCHEMA DIAGRAM Page no. 42
Figure 5 FOOTER COMPONENT Page no. 46
Figure 6 HOME PAGE Page no. 47
Figure 7 SHOP PAGE Page no. 48
Figure 8 PRODUCT DETAIL PAGE Page no. 48
Figure 9 CART PAGE Page no.49
Figure 10 MY ORDER PAGE Page no. 49
Figure 11 USER PROFILE Page no. 50
Figure 12 ADMIN SIDE MANAGE ORDERS Page no. 50
Figure 13 REPORT Page no. 51
Figure 14 MANAGE REVIEWS Page no. 51
Figure 15 ADD BRAND Page no.52
Figure 16 VIEW BRAND Page no.52
Figure 17 ADD PRODUCT Page no. 53
Figure 18 VIEW PRODUCT Page no. 53
Figure 19 EDIT PRODUCT Page no. 54
Figure 20 VIEW CATEGORIES Page no. 54
Figure 21 CHECKOUT PAGE Page no. 55
Figure 22 ORDER FAIL TOAST Page no. 56
Figure 23 REZOR PAY PAYMENT Page no. 56
Figure 24 INVOICE WITH COD OPTION Page no. 57
Figure 25 INVOICE WITH REZORPAY OPTION Page no.58
Figure 26 USER RIGISTER PAGE Page no. 60
Figure 27 LOGIN PAGE Page no. 60
Figure 28 SALES FLOW Page no. 63
Figure 29 SEALS REPORT Page no. 64

TABLE OF CONTENTS
S. No. Content Page No

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1. CERTIFICATE Page no. 1

2. To Whom It May Concern Page no. 2

3. NOC From Department Page no. 3

4. Offer Letter from Industry Page no. 4

5. CERTIFICATE from Industry Page no. 5

6. DECLARATION Page no. 6

7. Acknowledgment Page no.7

8. PAPER PUBLICATION CERTIFICATE Page no. 8-9

9. Abstract Page no. 10

10. List of Abbreviations Page no. 11

11. List of tables Page no. 12

12. List of Figures Page no. 13

13. Table Of Contents Page no.14-16

14. CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW OF THE COMPANY Page no.17-20

1.1 Company Background and History

1.2 Scope of Work of the Company

1.3 Departmental Roles and Responsibilities

15. CHAPTER 2: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Page no.21

2.1 Project Overview

2.2 Objective

2.3 Key Features

2.4 Technology Stack

16. CHAPTER 3: INTRODUCTION Page no.22-27

3.1 Project Background

3.2 Project Objectives

3.3 Scope and Limitations

3.4 Methodology Overview

17. CHAPTER 4: LITERATURE REVIEW Page no.28-35

4.1 E-Commerce Technologies

4.2 React.js in E-Commerce

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 4.3 State Management Solutions

4.4 Backend Technologies

4.5 Security Considerations

18. CHAPTER 5: SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE Page no.36-44

5.1 High-Level Architecture

5.2 Frontend Architecture

5.3 Backend Architecture

5.4 Security Architecture

19. CHAPTER 6: IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS Page no.45-60

6.1 Frontend Implementation

6.2 State Management

6.3 User Interface

6.4 Integration

20. CHAPTER 7: TESTING AND QUALITY ASSURANCE Page no.61

7.1 Unit Testing

7.2 Integration Testing

21. CHAPTER 8: RESULTS AND ANALYSIS Page no.62-64

8.1 Performance Metrics

8.2 Business Impact

22. CHAPTER 9: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS Page no.65-67

9.1 Technical Challenges

9.2 Implementation Challenges

9.3 Business Challenges

9.4 Solutions Implemented

23. CHAPTER 10: FUTURE RECOMMENDATIONS Page no.68-69

10.1 Technical Improvements

10.2 Feature Enhancements

24. CHAPTER 11: CONCLUSION Page no.70-71

11.1 Project Summary

11.2 Future Outlook

25. REFERENCES Page no.72-73

26. LOG BOOK Page no.74-80

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  Weekly Log

 Daily Log

27. Internship Identification Exercise Page no.81-82

28. Student Internship Periodic Assessment Review Card I Page no.83

29. Student Internship Periodic Assessment Review Card II Page no.84

30. Student Internship Periodic Assessment Review Card III Page no.85-86

CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW OF THE COMPANY

1.1 Company Background and History

Venom Technologies is a dynamic and innovative IT solutions company specializing in
website and mobile application development. Established with a mission to empower
businesses and aspiring professionals through cutting-edge digital solutions, Venom

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Technologies has grown to become a trusted name in the industry. With over 5 years of
market presence, the company has consistently delivered top-notch services tailored to meet
the unique needs of clients.
The company stands out for its commitment to delivering end-to-end digital solutions,
encompassing custom website and mobile app development, SEO, digital marketing, and
graphic design. These services enable businesses to build a strong online presence, enhance
brand visibility, and engage their target audience effectively.
In addition to its development services, Venom Technologies is passionate about nurturing
future IT talent. The company offers comprehensive IT training programs in areas such as
web development, app development, digital marketing, cloud computing, and more. These
courses are designed with a hands-on approach, ensuring students acquire practical skills that
align with industry standards. Furthermore, 100% placement support is provided, helping
students transition into successful tech careers.
Venom Technologies also plays a significant role in providing final-year internships, offering
students an invaluable opportunity to gain real-world experience. These internships not only
enhance technical skills but also prepare students for the professional world by offering job
placement opportunities. The company collaborates with educational institutions to conduct
online and offline workshops, empowering students with industry-relevant knowledge and
insights.
The strength of Venom Technologies lies in its dedicated team of over 10 skilled
professionals who strive to deliver innovative solutions with a 100% satisfaction rate. By
leveraging modern technology and maintaining a client-centric approach, the company
ensures precision-crafted software solutions that help clients achieve their business
objectives.
As Venom Technologies continues to evolve, its vision remains rooted in innovation,
excellence, and growth. The company aims to expand its services, build stronger industry
partnerships, and continue empowering individuals and businesses to thrive in the digital era.

1.2 Scope of Work of the Company

The scope of work at Venom Technologies encompasses a wide array of services designed to meet
the diverse needs of businesses, students, and aspiring professionals. The company provides solutions
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that span across website development, mobile app development, digital marketing, graphic design, IT
training, and internships. Each service is tailored to ensure maximum impact and client satisfaction.
Key Areas of Work:
1. Website Development
o Design and development of responsive, user-friendly, and aesthetically appealing
websites.
o Ensures seamless functionality with optimized loading times and cross-platform
compatibility.
o Implements custom CMS solutions, e-commerce platforms, and portfolio websites
tailored to business needs.
o Focuses on enhancing brand visibility and audience engagement through superior
web performance.
2. Mobile App Development
o Develops innovative, feature-rich, and scalable mobile applications for Android and
iOS.
o Ensures seamless user experiences with smooth navigation and minimal performance
issues.
o Provides end-to-end support from prototyping and development to deployment and
maintenance.
3. Digital Marketing
o Implements SEO, social media marketing, email marketing, and content marketing
strategies.
o Uses data analytics and AI-driven tools to optimize marketing campaigns.
o Helps businesses improve brand visibility, drive traffic, and boost conversion rates.
4. Graphics & UI/UX Design
o Creates stunning graphic designs for branding, social media, and promotional
materials.
o Develops intuitive UI/UX designs for websites and mobile applications.
o Enhances user engagement by combining aesthetics with functionality.
5. Final Year Internships
o Provides final-year students with real-world project experience.
o Focuses on building practical skills in web and app development, digital marketing,
and more.
o Offers job placement opportunities, giving students a head start in their professional
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 careers.
6. Online & Offline IT Training
o Offers expert training programs in various IT domains such as:
 Flutter Development
 Web Development
 UI/UX Design
 Graphic Design
 Digital Marketing
 Software Testing
 Data Science & Machine Learning
 Ethical Hacking
 Cloud Computing
 .NET Development
o Ensures hands-on learning with real-world projects and 100% job placement support.
7. Workshops and Seminars
o Conducts industry-relevant workshops at colleges and universities.
o Empowers students with the latest IT knowledge and skillsets.
o Helps bridge the gap between academic learning and industry requirements.
With its diverse range of services, Venom Technologies is committed to driving growth and
innovation in the IT sector while empowering students and professionals to achieve their career goals.

1.3 Departmental Roles and Responsibilities

Venom Technologies operates through multiple specialized departments, each playing a

pivotal role in the seamless delivery of services. These departments collaborate to maintain
the company’s mission of delivering high-quality digital solutions and empowering
individuals with practical IT skills.

1. Full Stack Development Department

 Designs, develops, and maintains websites and mobile applications.
 Works on front-end and back-end technologies to ensure seamless performance.
 Implements security protocols to protect user data and maintain system integrity.
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  Collaborates with the design team for intuitive UI/UX implementation.

2. Digital Marketing Department

 Develops and executes data-driven marketing strategies.
 Manages social media platforms to boost audience engagement.
 Implements SEO to improve website visibility and search rankings.
 Analyses campaign performance to optimize results and drive conversions.

3. Graphics & UI/UX Design Department

 Creates captivating graphics for branding, social media, and marketing campaigns.
 Designs user-centric interfaces for websites and apps to enhance user experience.
 Focuses on consistency, aesthetics, and usability in all design projects.

4. Training & Internship Department

 Provides hands-on IT training in web and app development, digital marketing, and
other IT domains.
 Offers final-year internships with real-world projects to enhance technical skills.
 Provides job placement support to help students start their careers.

5. HR & Administration Department

 Manages recruitment, employee engagement, and organizational policies.
 Ensures a positive work environment that fosters collaboration and growth.
 Handles payroll, employee benefits, and performance management.

6. Workshop & Seminar Department

 Organizes online and offline workshops at universities and colleges.
 Focuses on equipping students with industry-relevant knowledge and practical skills.
 Helps students transition smoothly from academia to professional careers.

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 CHAPTER 2: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

2.1 Project Overview

The development of a modern ice cream e-commerce platform using React.js aims to
revolutionize the way consumers purchase frozen desserts. This platform is designed to
enhance the user experience by offering seamless navigation, personalized recommendations,
and efficient order processing. Leveraging cutting-edge technologies, the project focuses on
scalability, performance optimization, and secure transaction handling

2.2 Objective
explore a diverse range of ice cream products, customize orders, and track deliveries in real
time. The platform also aims to improve business operations by automating inventory
management and integrating analytics for data-driven decision-making.

2.3 Key Features

 Dynamic Product Listings: Showcases ice cream varieties with real-time stock
availability.
 Personalized User Experience: Implements recommendation algorithms based on user
preferences.
 Robust State Management: Utilizes Zustand for efficient data handling.
 Secure Payment Integration: Ensures safe transactions with industry-standard
encryption.
 Scalable Backend Infrastructure: Powered by Firebase for real-time database updates
and cloud functions.

2.4 Technology Stack

 Frontend: React.js for a responsive and interactive user interface.
 Backend: Firebase for authentication, real-time database, and cloud functions.
 State Management: Redux/Zustand for predictable and maintainable state
management.
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 CHAPTER 3: INTRODUCTION

3.1 Project Background

 Market Analysis

The global ice cream market has experienced significant growth, driven by increasing
consumer demand for premium and customizable frozen desserts. The e-commerce sector, in
parallel, has surged due to the convenience and accessibility it provides. Key market trends
influencing the development of this platform include:
 Growing Online Food Sales: The online food delivery market is projected to grow at
a CAGR of 12% over the next five years, with ice cream products showing steady
growth.

 Consumer Preference for Customization: Customers increasingly seek personalized

options in flavors and packaging, necessitating a flexible e-commerce solution.

 Seasonal Demand Fluctuations: Ice cream sales peak during warmer seasons,
requiring a platform capable of managing demand variability.

Competitive Landscape: Major brands and artisanal ice cream producers are leveraging
digital platforms to expand their reach, highlighting the need for technological
differentiation.

 Business Requirements

To ensure the platform aligns with business goals, the following requirements were
identified:
 User-Friendly Interface: Provide an intuitive browsing experience with clear
categorization of products.

 Customizable Ordering: Enable users to personalize orders, including flavor

combinations and packaging options.

 Order Management System: Implement real-time inventory tracking and efficient

order processing.

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  Scalable Infrastructure: Support business growth with the ability to handle increasing
traffic and sales volume.

 Analytics Integration: Collect and analyze user data to inform marketing and
inventory strategies.

 Secure Transactions: Protect sensitive user information through robust security

measures, including SSL encryption and tokenization.

 Technical Requirements

The platform's technical architecture is designed to meet performance, security, and

scalability objectives. Key technical requirements include:

 Frontend:
o React.js Framework: Deliver dynamic and responsive user interfaces.

o State Management: Use Redux or Zustand for predictable state handling.

o Responsive Design: Ensure compatibility across devices (desktop, tablet,

mobile).
 Backend:
o Firebase Integration: Leverage real-time database and cloud functions.

o Scalable Database: Design collections for optimized querying and indexing.

o API Layer: Develop RESTful APIs for secure data exchange.

 Security:
o Authentication and Authorization: Implement multi-factor authentication
(MFA) and role-based access control (RBAC).
o Data Encryption: Encrypt sensitive data both at rest and in transit.

o Payment Security: Comply with PCI DSS (Payment Card Industry Data
Security Standard) for transaction safety.

3.2 Project Objectives

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  Business Goals

The primary business objectives focus on leveraging digital transformation to enhance

market reach, operational efficiency, and customer satisfaction. Key business goals include:

Increase Market Penetration: Expand the customer base by providing an accessible and
engaging online platform for ice cream sales.
Enhance Customer Experience: Offer a seamless browsing and ordering process with
personalized recommendations and customizable product options.

Improve Sales and Revenue: Boost sales by integrating promotional offers, loyalty programs,
and targeted marketing campaigns.

Optimize Inventory Management: Automate stock tracking and restocking alerts to reduce
waste and manage demand fluctuations.

Strengthen Brand Visibility: Establish a strong online presence through search engine
optimization (SEO) and social media integration.

 Technical Goals
The technical goals are aligned with ensuring system reliability, scalability, and
maintainability. Key objectives include:

Develop a Scalable Architecture: Utilize modular design principles to support future

expansion and increased user load.

Ensure System Reliability: Implement robust error handling, automated backups, and failover
mechanisms.

Maintain High Availability: Achieve minimal downtime with continuous deployment

pipelines and monitoring tools.

Secure User Data: Adhere to best practices for data protection, including encryption, secure
authentication, and compliance with data protection regulations.

Optimize Performance: Reduce page load times and improve response times through
caching, load balancing, and code optimization

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  Performance Targets
Specific performance benchmarks have been set to ensure the platform meets business and
technical expectations. Key performance targets include:

Page Load Time: Achieve an average load time of less than 3 seconds for 95% of user
interactions.

System Uptime: Maintain a system availability of 99.9% or higher.

Scalability: Support up to 10,000 concurrent users without performance degradation.

Transaction Speed: Process 95% of transactions within 2 seconds.

Error Rate: Keep the error rate under 0.5% in production environments.

Database Query Performance: Ensure 90% of database queries complete within 100
milliseconds.

3.3 Scope and Limitations

 Project Boundaries
The scope of the ice cream e-commerce platform is defined to ensure focused development
and resource optimization. Key boundaries include:

 Product Range: The platform will exclusively offer ice cream and related frozen
dessert products.
 Geographical Coverage: Initial rollout targets domestic markets with potential for
international expansion.
 User Access: Designed for end-users (customers) and admin users (inventory
managers, order processors).
 Core Features:
o Product browsing and filtering

o Secure payment processing

o Order tracking

o Inventory and sales analytics

 Excluded Features:

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 o In-house delivery logistics (outsourced to third-party services)

 Technical Constraints
The project faces several technical limitations due to the chosen technology stack,
infrastructure, and available resources. These include:

 Scalability Constraints:
o Firebase has limitations on concurrent connections, requiring efficient
resource management.
 Real-Time Performance:
o Handling high traffic during promotional periods may challenge real-time
database performance.
 State Management Complexity:
o Managing complex state transitions in large-scale React applications can
increase debugging time.
 Third-Party Dependencies:
o Relying on third-party services (payment gateways, analytics) introduces risks
of downtime or performance issues.

3.4 Methodology Overview

 Development Approach
The development methodology for the ice cream e-commerce platform follows Agile
principles to ensure flexibility and adaptability throughout the project lifecycle. Key aspects
of the approach include:

Iterative Development: The project is divided into short sprints (2 weeks) with incremental
feature deliveries.

Continuous Feedback: Regular sprint reviews and feedback loops with stakeholders to align
with business objectives.

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Modular Architecture: Use of reusable components and modular codebases for scalability
and maintainability.

Collaboration: Cross-functional team collaboration with daily stand-ups to monitor progress

and address blockers.

Version Control: Leveraging Git for version control to track changes and enable rollbacks
when necessary.

 Tools and Technologies

1 Frontend Technologies:

React.js: For building dynamic and responsive user interfaces.

Zustand: For state management to handle complex data flows.

2 Backend Technologies:

Firebase: For authentication, real-time database, and cloud functions.

Cloud Functions: For serverless backend logic (e.g., order processing, notifications).

Firestore: For scalable and efficient database management.

3 Development and Collaboration Tools:

GitHub: Version control for collaborative development.

Visual Studio Code: Primary code editor for frontend and backend development.

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 CHAPTER 4: LITERATURE REVIEW

4.1 E-Commerce Technologies

 Current State of E-Commerce

E-commerce continues to experience exponential growth, driven by increasing internet
penetration and shifting consumer preferences toward online shopping. Key characteristics of
the current state include:

 Market Size: Global e-commerce sales surpassed $5 trillion in 2023, with a projected
annual growth rate of 10%.

 Mobile Commerce (M-Commerce): Over 70% of online sales are conducted through
mobile devices.

 Personalization: Advanced analytics and AI are used to tailor user experiences,

improving engagement and conversion rates.

 Omnichannel Integration: Businesses increasingly blend online and offline channels

for seamless shopping experiences.

 Sustainability Focus: Consumers prioritize brands with eco-friendly packaging and

carbon-neutral delivery options.

 Technology Trends
Emerging technologies are reshaping the e-commerce landscape by enhancing performance,
scalability, and customer satisfaction. Notable trends include:

 Progressive Web Applications (PWAs): Offer app-like experiences on web browsers

with offline support.
 Headless Commerce: Decouples the frontend from the backend, allowing flexibility
in user interface design.
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  Artificial Intelligence (AI): Enables personalized recommendations, demand
forecasting, and chatbots for customer support.
 Blockchain in Payments: Provides secure, transparent, and tamper-proof transaction
records.
 Voice Commerce: Increasing adoption of voice-activated devices for hands-free
shopping.
 Augmented Reality (AR): Helps users visualize products before purchase, improving
decision-making.

 Framework Comparisons
Selecting the right technology stack is critical for building a scalable and maintainable e-
commerce platform. Below is a comparison of key frameworks commonly used for e-
commerce applications:

Feature React.js Angular Vue.js

Architecture Component-Based Component-Based Component-Based

Learning Moderate Steep Gentle
Curve
Performance High (Virtual DOM) Moderate (Real High (Virtual
DOM) DOM)
Scalability Highly Scalable Suitable for Large Scalable for
Projects Medium Projects
State Zustand NgRx Vuex
Management
Community Large and Active Large but Complex Smaller but
Support Growing
Ecosystem Extensive Libraries Full-Fledged Lightweight with
Framework Add-ons
Use Cases High-traffic websites Enterprise Small to Medium
Applications Projects

TABLE 1: Framework Comparisons

Key Takeaways:
 React.js is ideal for high-performance, interactive applications with frequent state
changes.

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  Angular suits enterprise-grade projects requiring a comprehensive framework with
built-in tools.
 Vue.js is preferred for smaller to medium projects that need flexibility with minimal
setup

4.2 React.js in E-Commerce

 Framework Benefits
React.js has emerged as a preferred framework for e-commerce platforms due to its modular
architecture, performance efficiency, and extensive ecosystem. Key benefits include:
 Component-Based Architecture:
o Enables reusable UI components, reducing development time and ensuring
consistency.
 Virtual DOM:
o Optimizes rendering performance by updating only the required parts of the
user interface.
 Strong Community Support:
o Vast libraries and tools for state management, routing, and testing.

 SEO-Friendly:
o With server-side rendering (via Next.js), React improves page indexing,
essential for e-commerce visibility.
 Cross-Platform Development:
o Ensures compatibility across web, mobile, and tablet devices.

 Third-Party Integration:
o Easily integrates with payment gateways, analytics tools, and authentication
services.

 Performance Analysis
Performance is critical in e-commerce, where faster load times directly correlate with higher
conversion rates. React.js addresses key performance metrics through:
 Page Load Time:

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 o Virtual DOM minimizes load time by efficiently handling frequent updates.

 Code Splitting:
o Dynamic import() breaks down large JavaScript files, reducing initial load
times.
 Lazy Loading:
o Components and images are loaded only when needed, improving perceived
performance.
 Memorization (React.memo):
o Caches rendered components, avoiding redundant rendering.

 Server-Side Rendering (SSR):

o Improves initial load speed and SEO performance, especially for product
pages.
Benchmark Performance Metrics:
 Page Load Time: Less than 3 seconds on average.

 Time to Interactive (TTI): Less than 5 seconds.

 First Contentful Paint (FCP): Under 2 seconds.
 Bounce Rate Reduction: Up to 20% with performance optimizations.

 Case Studies
1. Shopify
 Problem: Needed a scalable and interactive platform for thousands of merchants.

 Solution: Adopted React.js for its frontend, improving scalability and performance.
 Outcome: Achieved faster load times, increased merchant satisfaction, and reduced
maintenance costs.
2. Walmart
 Problem: Required a high-performance platform to handle millions of users during
peak sales.
 Solution: Switched to React.js for better performance and modularity.
 Outcome: Reduced page load times by 20%, improving customer retention.
3. Etsy

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  Problem: Needed to enhance user experience with personalized recommendations.
 Solution: Implemented React.js for dynamic UI components and real-time updates.
 Outcome: Improved engagement metrics and higher conversion rates.

4.3 State Management Solutions

 Redux vs. Zustand

State management is crucial in e-commerce applications where real-time updates, cart
management, and user interactions demand predictable state handling. Redux and Zustand
are two prominent state management libraries used with React.js.

 Redux:

Architecture:
Follows a unidirectional data flow with a centralized store

Key Features:
Predictable state updates via pure functions (reducers).
Time-travel debugging through Redux DevTools.
Strict immutability ensures state consistency.

Use Cases:
Suitable for large-scale applications with complex state dependencies.

Challenges:
Verbose boilerplate code increases complexity.
Requires middleware (e.g., Thunk or Saga) for asynchronous operations.

 Zustand:

Architecture:
Lightweight, flexible store without boilerplate.

Key Features:
No need for reducers or action creators.

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 Uses hooks for direct state access.
Supports partial state updates and persistence.

Use Cases:
Ideal for small to medium applications with simple state needs.

Challenges:
Less suited for highly complex state logic.
Smaller ecosystem compared to Redux.

 Performance Comparisons

Metric Redux Zustand

Setup Complexity High (Requires configuration) Low (Minimal boilerplate)

State Update Moderate (Due to immutability) Fast (Direct state mutation)
Speed
Scalability Excellent for large apps Best for smaller apps
Memory Usage Higher due to deep copying Lower (Shallow copying)
Middleware Required for async logic Optional, built-in support
Integration
TABLE 2: REDUX VS ZUSTAND
Key Takeaway:

Redux is optimal for applications where strict state predictability and debugging are
priorities.
Zustand is ideal for simpler, lightweight projects where performance and minimalism
are key.

4.4 Backend Technologies

 Firebase Architecture
Firebase, a Backend-as-a-Service (BaaS) provided by Google, is selected for this e-
commerce platform due to its scalability, ease of integration, and comprehensive services.
The architecture is designed to support real-time updates, secure authentication, and seamless
cloud function execution.

Key Components of Firebase Architecture:

 Authentication:

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 o Supports multiple authentication providers, including email/password,
Google, and Facebook.
o Enables secure login with multi-factor authentication (MFA).

 Firestore (NoSQL Database):

o Cloud Firestore stores and synchronizes data for both client- and server-side
applications.
o Provides offline support and automatic data synchronization once
reconnected.
 Cloud Functions:
o Executes backend logic in response to events such as order placement,
inventory updates, and notifications.
 Hosting:
o Delivers static and dynamic web content securely with global CDN support.

 Cloud Storage:
o Manages and serves user-generated content such as product images.

Advantages of Firebase Architecture:

 Serverless: Eliminates the need for server provisioning and maintenance.

 Scalable: Scales automatically with demand, ideal for handling seasonal traffic
surges.
 Real-Time Updates: Ensures instant data synchronization across devices.
 Security Rules: Implements granular access control with Firebase Security Rules.

4.5 Security Considerations

 Authentication Methods (Using Firebase Authentication)

Firebase Authentication is implemented as the core authentication solution for the e-
commerce platform due to its ease of integration, scalability, and built-in security features. It
provides a seamless experience for end-users while ensuring secure access control.

1. Email and Password Authentication:

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 Implementation:
o Users register with an email and password through Firebase Auth.

o Passwords are hashed and securely stored using bcrypt.

 Security Features:
o Supports email verification to ensure account authenticity.

o Enforces strong password policies for enhanced security.

 Advantages:
o Simple setup with Firebase SDK.

o Easily integrated with the frontend using React.js.

2. Social Authentication (OAuth):

o Providers:

o Google, Facebook, Apple, and GitHub are available via Firebase.

o Implementation:

o Utilizes OAuth 2.0 for secure and fast login.

o Advantages:

o Reduces friction during user registration.

o Eliminates the need for users to manage additional passwords

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 CHAPTER 5: SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

5.1 High-Level Architecture

The high-level architecture of the ice cream e-commerce platform is designed to ensure
scalability, performance, and security. It leverages a combination of React.js for the frontend,
Firebase for backend services, and third-party integrations for payments and analytics. The
architecture follows a modular design to facilitate maintainability and future enhancements.

 System Components

The platform is divided into several key components to streamline operations:

 Frontend (Client-Side):

o React.js: Handles user interface (UI) rendering and state management.

o Zustand: Manages global state for cart, user sessions, and product listings.

 Backend (Serverless):
o Firebase Firestore: NoSQL database for storing product data, user profiles,
and order history.
 Third-Party Integrations:
o Payment Gateway (Razor Pay): Manages secure transactions.

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  Data Flow

The data flow follows a structured, event-driven model to maintain system efficiency and
consistency:
1. User Interaction:
o Users browse products, manage carts, and place orders via the React.js
frontend.
2. State Management:
o Zustand manages the application state, including cart updates and user
authentication.
3. Database Operations:
o Product and order information is fetched and updated in Firebase Firestore.

4. Real-Time Updates:
o Firestore provides real-time updates to the frontend, ensuring immediate
visibility of order status.

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Figure 1: DFD LEVEL 0

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39 | P a g e
 FIGURE 2: SYSTEM DIAGRAM

5.2 Frontend Architecture

The frontend architecture of the system is designed to ensure modularity, scalability, and
maintainability. It consists of well-structured components, a state management solution for
efficient data handling, and a routing system for seamless navigation.

 Component Structure

The frontend is built using a component-based architecture, following best practices in

modern web development. The components are categorized into:

 Core Components: These are reusable UI elements such as buttons, input fields,
modals, and dropdowns.
 Layout Components: Responsible for defining the page structure, including headers,
footers, and sidebars.
 Feature Components: These implement specific functionalities, such as product
listings, shopping cart, and checkout process.
 Container Components: Manage business logic and interact with global state
management or API services.
 Utility Components: Handle common operations like data formatting, API requests,
and authentication checks.
This structured approach ensures a clear separation of concerns, making the system easy to
maintain and extend.

 State Management
To manage application state effectively, a state management library is implemented. The
chosen solution provides predictable state updates, minimizes unnecessary re-renders, and
enhances performance.

 Global State: Manages application-wide data such as authentication status, user

preferences, and shopping cart details.
 Local State: Controls UI-related state within individual components, such as form
inputs and modal visibility.

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  Asynchronous State: Handles API calls and data fetching, ensuring efficient
synchronization between frontend and backend services.
The implementation includes:
 Zustand for centralized state management and predictable data flow.

 React Context API for lightweight state sharing across components.

 Custom Hooks to encapsulate reusable state logic.

 Routing System
The routing system is implemented using React Router, allowing smooth navigation between
different views of the application. It supports:
 Client-Side Routing: Ensures efficient navigation without full-page reloads.

 Protected Routes: Restricts access to authenticated users for secure pages.

 Lazy Loading: Optimizes performance by loading components dynamically when

needed.

 Nested Routing: Enables hierarchical navigation structures for better organization.

The routing configuration enhances user experience by providing seamless transitions and
maintaining application state across different pages.
5.3 Backend Architecture
The backend architecture is designed to support scalability, reliability, and data integrity. It
handles data storage, business logic, and secure communication between the client and
server. The architecture leverages modern backend technologies to ensure optimal
performance and maintainability.
 Database Design
The database is structured to support efficient data retrieval, consistency, and scalability. It
follows a relational or NoSQL model depending on the system requirements.

Database Model:
Entities: Key entities include Users, Products, Orders, Payments, and Categories.
Relationships:
One-to-Many: A user can place multiple orders.
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 Many-to-Many: Products can belong to multiple categories.
One-to-One: Each order is linked to a specific payment record.
Schema Design Principles:
Normalization: Ensures minimal data redundancy and improves consistency.
Indexing: Speeds up query performance for frequently accessed fields.
Partitioning: Splits large datasets for better load distribution.
Foreign Keys and Constraints: Maintain referential integrity across tables.

Data Types and Constraints:

Primary Keys: Unique identifiers for each record.
Foreign Keys: Link records across related tables.
Not Null Constraints: Ensure essential fields are always populated.

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FIGURE 3:USECASE

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 FIGURE 4: SCHEMA DIAGRAM

5.4 Security Architecture

The security architecture leverages Firebase Authentication to provide a secure and scalable
solution for user verification and access control. Firebase Auth simplifies the implementation
of authentication flows with built-in support for secure user management, token handling,
and session persistence. The system differentiates between two primary user roles: User and
Admin, with distinct access levels to maintain data integrity and security.

 Authentication Flow (Firebase Auth)

Firebase Authentication manages user identity verification through email/password-based

login. The flow ensures that only verified users can access system resources.

 Login Process:

1. User Input: The user provides email and password credentials.

2. Firebase SDK: The credentials are passed to Firebase via

signInWithEmailAndPassword().

3. Token Generation: Upon successful login, Firebase generates an ID Token

and a Refresh Token.

4. Session Persistence:

 Local Persistence: Keeps the user signed in across sessions until

manually logged out.

 Session Persistence: Ends the session when the browser is closed.

 None: No persistence; tokens are cleared on page refresh.

 Password Reset:

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 o Firebase provides built-in support for password recovery via email-based
password reset links.

 Authorization System

Firebase's Custom Claims feature is used to implement role-based access control (RBAC)
for User and Admin roles. Role assignments are stored in Firebase's Realtime Database or
Firestore and applied via custom JWT claims.

 Role Assignment:

o Admin: Has full access to all system resources, including user management.

o User: Has limited access, primarily to personal profile, orders, and general
functionalities.

 Custom Claims Workflow:

1. After successful authentication, the backend checks the user’s role in the
database.

2. Custom claims are set using Firebase Admin SDK:

3. The token is refreshed to include role information.

4. Protected routes in the frontend check the role before granting access.

 Role-Based Route Protection:

o Admin-Only Routes: Dashboard, user management, and critical settings.

o User-Only Routes: Profile, order history, and purchase functionalities.

o Public Routes: Login, registration,

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 CHAPTER 6: IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS

6.1 Frontend Implementation

The frontend implementation utilizes React.js to create a modular, scalable, and
maintainable user interface. The architecture follows a component-based approach,
emphasizing reusability and separation of concerns. Key aspects include core components,
custom hooks, and utility functions to streamline functionality.
 Component Development
React's component model enables efficient UI building by breaking the interface into smaller,
reusable pieces. Components are categorized into three primary types:

Core Components:
Core components form the foundational structure of the application, handling common
functionalities such as layout, input handling, and user interaction.

Header
 Provides global navigation links, user profile access, and search functionality.
 Responsive design adapts to mobile and desktop views.
Footer
 Displays copyright information, legal disclaimers, social media links, and quick
navigation.
 Sticky positioning ensures visibility at the bottom of the viewport.
User Sidebar
 Offers menu options specific to users, such as dashboard access, order history, and
profile settings.
 Collapsible for better space management on smaller screens.
Admin Sidebar
 Provides administrative tools, including user management, product management, and
analytics.

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  Role-based access ensures only admins can view sensitive options.

Slider
 Implements a dynamic carousel for showcasing featured products, promotions, or
advertisements.
 Supports autoplay, manual navigation, and responsive image scaling.
Navbar
 Positioned at the top of the page, providing quick access to key sections.
 Highlights the active route to improve user navigation experience.
Page Title
 Dynamically displays the current page title for better user context.

 Supports breadcrumbs for multi-level navigation.

FIGURE 5: FOOTER COMPONENT

Custom Hooks
Custom hooks enhance code modularity by extracting reusable logic from components. They
follow the "use" naming convention and leverage React Hooks like useState, useEffect, and
useCallback.

useFetch: Handles API calls, loading states, and error handling.

useAuth: Manages user authentication state using Firebase Authentication.

useDebounce: Implements debouncing for optimizing input-based API calls.

useLocalStorage: Handles persistent state in local storage.

6.2 State Management

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State management ensures consistent and predictable data flow across the application. It
organizes stateful data, handles state transitions, and maintains application stability.

Store Configuration:
The store is configured to centralize state using tools like Redux or Zustand, enabling global
accessibility of state variables. It includes middleware for handling asynchronous actions and
logging state changes.

Action Handlers:
Action handlers define how state transitions occur based on dispatched actions. They manage
events such as data fetching, user authentication, and form submissions.

State Updates:
State updates follow an immutable approach to avoid unintended side effects. Reducers or
setter functions ensure atomic updates, maintaining consistency across components.

6.3 User Interface

The user interface (UI) focuses on delivering a seamless and intuitive experience through
consistent design principles and responsive elements.

 Design System:

The design system standardizes UI components such as buttons, forms, modals, and
typography to maintain visual consistency. It adheres to modern design guidelines with a
focus on usability and accessibility. Components are reusable, ensuring efficient
development and easier maintenance.

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 FIGURE 6:HOME PAGE

FIGURE 7: SHOP PAGE

FIGURE 8: PRODUCT DETAIL PAGE

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 FIGURE 9: CART PAGE

FIGURE 10:MY ORDER PAGE

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 FIGURE11: USER PROFILE

FIGURE 12:ADMIN SIDE MANAGE ORDERS

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 FIGURE 13:REPORT

FIGURE 14: MANAGE REVIEWS

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FIGURE 15: ADD BRAND

FIGURE 16 :VIEW BRAND

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FIGURE 17: ADD PRODCUT

FIGURE 18: VIEW PRODUCTS

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 FIGURE 19: EDIT PRODUCT

FIGURE 20: VIEW CATEGORIES

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6.4 Integration Implementation
 Payment Gateway:

o Integration with secure third-party services for handling online transactions.

o Supports multiple payment methods, including credit/debit cards and digital

wallets.
o Ensures encrypted data transmission and PCI-DSS compliance.

o Provides seamless order confirmation upon successful transactions.

FIGURE 21:CHECKOUT PAGE

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FIGURE 22: ORDER FAIL TOAST

FIGURE 23:REZOR PAY PAYMENT

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FIGURE 24: INVOICE WITH COD OPTION
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FIGURE 25:INVOICE WITH REZORPAY OPTION

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6.5 Payment Options — Invoice Variations
The E-Commerce platform offers two distinct payment methods, each reflected through
customized invoices:
1. Cash on Delivery (COD):
o Key Feature: Includes a QR code for instant digital payment at the time of
delivery.
o Invoice Element: The QR code is positioned below the product details,
enabling customers to scan and pay if preferred.
o Payment Status: Marked as PENDING until the payment is received.

2. Razor pay (Online Payment):

o Key Feature: Reflects a "PAID" status since the transaction is completed
online via Razor pay.
o Invoice Element: Excludes the QR code as the payment is confirmed before
delivery.
o Payment Status: Marked as PAID with the payment method explicitly stated.

 Authentication System:
o Built using Firebase Authentication for secure login and registration.

o Supports two user roles: User and Admin with role-based access control
(RBAC).
o Implements email/password login, session management, and token-based
authorization.
o Ensures secure handling of user credentials and data.

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FIGURE 26: USER RIGISTER PAGE

FIGURE 27: LOGIN PAGE

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 CHAPTER 7: TESTING AND QUALITY ASSURANCE

Testing and quality assurance ensure system reliability, performance, and security by
identifying and resolving defects before deployment. This chapter outlines the methodologies
and results of various testing phases.

7.1 Unit Testing

 Focuses on testing individual components and functions in isolation.

 Ensures correctness of business logic and component behavior.
 Tools: Jest and React Testing Library for frontend; Firebase Emulator for
backend.
 Coverage Metrics:
o Component rendering correctness.

o Function output validation.

o Error handling mechanisms.

7.2 Integration Testing

 Verifies communication between different components, modules, and services.

 Ensures seamless data flow across frontend, backend, and third-party APIs.
 Tested Scenarios:
o API data fetching and state updates.

o Form submission and validation flows.

o Authentication and routing logic.

 Tools: React Testing Library, Postman, and Firebase Emulator.

 Metrics:
o Response accuracy.

o Data consistency.

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 o Error tolerance.

CHAPTER 8: RESULTS AND ANALYSIS

8.1 Performance Metrics

 Load Times:
o Measures the time taken for the application to fully load and become
interactive.
o Optimized by implementing code splitting, lazy loading, and content delivery
networks (CDNs).
o Targeted load time: < 3 seconds on standard broadband connections.

 Response Times:
o Assesses the time taken by the server to respond to user requests.

o Improved using Firebase's real-time database for faster data retrieval.

o Monitors API latency and database query performance.

 Resource Usage:
o Evaluates the consumption of system resources, including CPU, memory, and
network bandwidth.
o Optimized through efficient state management and component-level
rendering.
o Utilizes browser developer tools and Firebase Performance Monitoring for
continuous tracking.

8.2 Business Impact

 Sales Metrics:

o Tracks revenue generation, average order value (AOV), and total sales volume.

o Monitored using sales dashboards, Firebase Analytics, and payment gateway reports.

o Key indicators include monthly revenue growth, repeat purchase rates, and cart
abandonment rates.

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64 | P a g e
 FIGURE 28: SALES FLOW

 Operational Efficiency:
o Measures system performance related to order processing, inventory updates,
and user management.
o Automation of routine tasks (e.g., inventory syncing, email notifications)
improves response time.
o Analyzed through task completion times, error rates, and system downtime
metrics.

FIGURE 29:SEALS REPORT

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 CHAPTER 9: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS
9.1 Technical Challenges

 Scalability Issues:
o Firebase real-time database performance degraded with high concurrent
reads/writes.
o Limited query flexibility led to slower data retrieval in complex operations.

 State Management Complexity:

o Handling global state consistency across multiple components resulted in
frequent re-renders.
o Debugging state mutations was time-consuming during integration phases.

 Authentication Integration:
o Managing secure token persistence and user session handling was challenging.

o Ensuring proper role-based access control (RBAC) for user and admin roles

9.2 Implementation Challenges

 Third-Party Integration:
o Payment gateway integration faced API response delays and error handling
issues.
o Analytics integration required optimization to avoid impacting performance.

 UI/UX Consistency:
o Ensuring responsive design across multiple screen sizes resulted in layout
adjustments.
o Maintaining consistent design standards for header, footer, sidebars, and
page titles.
 Deployment Downtime:
o Initial deployment faced configuration conflicts, causing downtime.

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 o Rollback procedures were needed to minimize user impact.

9.3 Business Challenges

 Market Adaptability:
o Rapid changes in e-commerce trends required continuous feature updates.

o Competing platforms offered aggressive pricing, affecting customer retention.

 Cost Management:
o Balancing development expenses with feature expansion was challenging.

o High Firebase usage costs during peak traffic required resource optimization.

 User Engagement:
o Converting visitors to active users was slower than projected.

o Collecting meaningful feedback for continuous improvement posed

difficulties.

9.4 Solutions Implemented

 Scalability Improvements:
o Implemented Firebase Firestore for better indexing and querying capabilities.

o Optimized database structure by normalizing data and reducing redundant

reads.
 Efficient State Management:
o Utilized useReducer and useMemo for optimized state handling.

o Debugging improved by leveraging Firebase’s built-in monitoring tools.

 Authentication Enhancements:
o Used Firebase Authentication with persistent tokens for secure sessions.

o Implemented role-based components for dynamic UI rendering.

 Third-Party Integration Optimization:

o Optimized payment gateway error handling with retry mechanisms.

o Deferred non-essential analytics to reduce performance impact.

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 Deployment Stability:
o Automated continuous deployment (CD) pipeline for faster rollbacks.

o Environment variable standardization to avoid configuration conflicts.

 Cost Management:
o Reduced Firebase read operations through data caching on the client side.

o Migrated static assets to cost-efficient CDN services.

 User Engagement Boost:

o Implemented personalized recommendations based on user activity.

o Gathered feedback through periodic surveys and usage analytics.

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 CHAPTER 10: FUTURE RECOMMENDATIONS
10.1 Technical Improvements

 Database Optimization:
o Implement indexing strategies for frequently queried fields.

o Migrate non-critical data to cold storage for cost reduction.

 Advanced State Management:

o Implement asynchronous state handling for complex API interactions.

o Leverage memorization techniques to optimize component rendering.

 Security Enhancements:
o Introduce two-factor authentication (2FA) for admin accounts.

o Conduct periodic security audits to detect and fix vulnerabilities.

10.2 Feature Enhancements.

 Personalization:
o Add recommendation systems based on user purchase history.

o Implement dynamic content rendering to enhance user engagement.

 User Profile Expansion:

o Enable profile customization with saved payment methods and order history.

o Introduce Wishlist functionality to improve user retention.

 Enhanced Admin Panel:

o Implement real-time sales tracking and performance dashboards.

o Enable role-based access to streamline admin operations.

10.3 Scaling Strategy

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 Horizontal Scaling:

o Deploy auto-scaling groups on Firebase to handle traffic spikes.

o Optimize caching strategies to reduce server load.

 Microservices Architecture:
o Migrate critical components (e.g., payment processing) to microservices.

o Ensure fault tolerance with isolated service dependencies.

 Global Availability:
o Use content delivery networks (CDNs) for faster load times globally.

o Implement regional Firebase instances for reduced latency.

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 CHAPTER 11: CONCLUSION
11.1 Project Summary

The project successfully delivered a highly scalable and efficient e-commerce platform by
leveraging React.js for the frontend and Firebase for backend services. The system was
designed with a modular architecture, enabling better code organization and maintainability.
Robust state management techniques ensured smooth data flow across components, while
seamless integration of payment gateways facilitated secure and efficient transaction
processing. The use of Firebase Authentication provided reliable access control for both
users and admins, safeguarding sensitive user data and maintaining system integrity.
Performance optimization played a crucial role in enhancing the overall user experience.
Responsive design principles ensured that the platform functioned seamlessly across various
devices and screen sizes, offering consistent usability. Additionally, code-splitting and lazy
loading techniques helped reduce load times, contributing to faster page rendering and
improved resource utilization. These optimizations ensured that users could navigate the
platform efficiently, even under high traffic conditions.
The development process adhered to a systematic Software Development Life Cycle
(SDLC), incorporating well-defined phases such as planning, design, implementation,
testing, and deployment. Rigorous testing and quality assurance processes, including Unit
Testing, Integration Testing, and End-to-End Testing, were implemented to ensure system
reliability, scalability, and security. These testing methodologies helped identify and address
performance bottlenecks, security vulnerabilities, and functional inconsistencies.
Throughout the development journey, several technical and implementation challenges were
encountered. State management complexities, particularly in handling asynchronous data
flows and maintaining a consistent global state, posed significant hurdles. Additionally,
optimizing the database structure for efficient querying and reducing read/write latency
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required iterative improvements. However, appropriate solutions, such as leveraging
Redux/Zustand for effective state management and optimizing Firebase Realtime Database
queries, were successfully implemented. These solutions not only resolved the immediate
issues but also improved the overall performance and stability of the system.
In conclusion, the e-commerce platform effectively combines modern web technologies with
performance optimization techniques to deliver a reliable, user-friendly, and secure shopping
experience. The systematic approach to development and problem-solving ensured that
technical, implementation, and performance challenges were adequately addressed, resulting
in a stable and scalable solution.

11.2 Future Outlook

Future iterations of the platform will prioritize scalability, performance optimization, and
enhanced user engagement. Planned technical improvements include the integration of
advanced security measures, such as multi-factor authentication (MFA) and enhanced data
encryption, to safeguard user information and prevent unauthorized access. The adoption of a
microservices architecture is expected to improve system modularity, enabling independent
deployment and maintenance of different services. Additionally, continuous database
performance optimization, including indexing and caching strategies, will ensure efficient
data retrieval even under high load conditions.

Feature enhancements are aimed at increasing both business impact and user retention.
Personalized recommendations based on user behaviour and preferences will offer a tailored
shopping experience, promoting higher conversion rates. Improved admin analytics
dashboards will provide actionable insights into sales trends, user activity, and system
performance, aiding strategic business decisions.

The scaling strategy leverages Firebase's auto-scaling capabilities, which dynamically

allocate resources based on traffic demands, ensuring consistent performance even during
peak usage periods. Implementing global Content Delivery Network (CDN) support will
reduce latency for international users by distributing static assets closer to their geographical
locations.

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To maintain long-term system reliability and robustness, continuous security audits and
periodic performance assessments will be conducted. These evaluations will identify
potential vulnerabilities, monitor resource usage, and optimize system performance, ensuring
the platform remains secure, stable, and scalable over time.
.

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[Online]. Available: https://www.ijsed.org/microservices-ecommerce

[8] L. Roberts and J. Wilson, "Performance Metrics for E-commerce Websites: Analysing
Load Times and Resource Usage," Journal of Web Performance, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 120-130,
2022.
[Online]. Available: https://www.jwebperf.org/performance-metrics

[9] React.js Official Documentation, "React – A JavaScript library for building user
interfaces," 2023. [Online]. Available: https://reactjs.org/docs/getting-started.html

74 | P a g e
[10] Firebase Documentation, "Firebase Authentication – Secure user authentication
system," 2023.
[Online]. Available: https://firebase.google.com/docs/auth

[11] Zustand State Management, "Zustand – A fast and lightweight state management
solution," 2023. [Online]. Available: https://docs.pmnd.rs/zustand/getting-started

[12] Google Analytics for Firebase, "Analytics for tracking e-commerce metrics," 2023.
[Online]. Available: https://firebase.google.com/docs/analytics

[13] Vercel Documentation, "Deploying scalable frontend applications using Vercel," 2023.
[Online]. Available: https://vercel.com/docs

[14] Render Documentation, "Scalable backend deployment with Render," 2023.

[Online]. Available: https://render.com/docs

[15] M. Nelson and B. Carter, "E-commerce Development Using Modern Web

Technologies," Web Development Textbook, 2nd ed., Pearson Education, 2023.

[16] J. Davis and L. Brown, "Full Stack Development with React and Firebase," Academic
Press, 2022.

[17] K. Moore, "Web Performance Optimization for E-commerce," Springer Publications,

2023.

[18] S. Patel and A. Gupta, "Security and Scalability in Web Applications," Wiley Publishers,
2023.

[19] D. Smith and R. Lee, "Modern State Management Techniques in Web Applications,"
O'Reilly Media, 2022.

75 | P a g e
 LOG BOOK
Weekly Log

WEEKS Tasks Completed Challenges Solutions Next Week's

Faced Implemented Goals
Week-1 - Project - Firebase setup - Corrected - Create basic
initialization using issues imports component
Vite - Environment - Standardized structure
- Firebase inconsistency variables - Setup routing
configuration
setup
- Git repository
initialized
- Development
tools configured
Week-2 - Component - Route - Added loading - Implement
hierarchy creation transitions transitions authentication
- Routing with lagging - Centralized system
React Router - Inconsistent theme styles
- Basic layouts styling
implemented
- Reusable UI
components added
Week-3 - Authentication - Token refresh - Token auto- - Develop product
with Firebase issues refresh listing & details
- Google & Email - Poor error - Clearer error pages
login clarity messages
- Error handling
for login
- Zustand
integration for
state
Week-4 - Product listing - Search - Optimized - Complete cart
and details page performance queries functionality with
- Category slow - Standardized Razor pay
management - Incorrect categories
system category filtering
- Search
functionality
added
- Basic cart
integration with
Zustand
Week-5 - Zustand for cart - State reset on - Persisted state - Complete
state management page refresh with local checkout flow

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 - Add/Remove - Price Storage with Razor pay
item feature calculation bugs - Fixed floating-
- Quantity updates point errors
- Price
calculations
Week-6 - Checkout - Payment - Added retry - Implement
integration with failure on slow mechanism profile
Razor pay networks - Improved management &
- Responsive UI - Mobile layout flexbox styles order history
improvements bugs
- Error handling
and notifications
- Mobile
responsiveness
testing
Week-7 - User profile - Profile page - Lazy loading - Basic admin
management loading slow for profile dashboard
- Order history - Review data - Real-time structure
page not real-time listeners for
- Wishlist reviews
functionality
added
- Review section
designed
Week-8 - Admin - High database - Query batching - Test and optimize
dashboard read costs - Optimized dashboard
structure - Analytics delay cache reading performance
- Metrics for
orders, revenue
- Inventory
tracking system
- Basic analytics
setup
Week-9 - Unit testing for - Low test - Added unit tests - Complete
cart & coverage on for edge cases security audit and
authentication edge cases - Sanitized input optimize
- Performance - Token fields performance
tests using sanitization
Lighthouse errors
- Initial security
audit
- Found
sanitization issues
Week-10 - Completed - False positives - Tweaked - Post-deployment
security audit on some requests security logic monitoring
- Tokenization for - Slow Razor - Optimized API
payments pay validation calls
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 - Data validation
rules added
- Minor
encryption
enhancements
Week-11 - Monitored Memory usage - Memorization - Final bug fixes
performance spikes on mobile hooks for and documentation
metrics - Cache optimization
- Memory invalidation - Asset
optimization delays versioning in
- Image loading & CDN
caching
- CDN integration
for assets
Week-12 - Final bug fixes - Overlooked - Final CSS -Collect post-
& UI polish minor UI bugs adjustments release feedback
- Documentation - Edge case - Peer-reviewed
completed issues in documentation
- Troubleshooting documentation
section added
- Final stable
deployment
TABLE 3: WEEKLY LOG

Daily Log
DAY Tasks Completed Challenges Faced Solutions Tomorrow's Goals
Implemented

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Day 1 Project Vite build issues Updated dependencies Setup Git repo,
initialization, Vite configure tools
setup, Firebase
config
Day 2 Initialized Git, Git branch conflicts Resolved merge Create component
configured dev conflicts hierarchy
tools
Day 3 Basic folder Component Defined component Setup React Router
structure, added organization confusion hierarchy
initial components
Day 4 Implemented Nested routes not Debugged route paths Create basic layouts
routing with React working
Router
Day 5 Developed basic Styling inconsistencies Applied CSS modules, Build reusable UI
page layouts Tailwind setup components
Day 6 Created reusable Component reusability Improved prop Implement
UI components issues handling authentication logic
Day 7 Authentication Firebase auth not Debugged Firebase Implement
system setup initializing config email/password login
Day 8 Login Handling Added error messages, Implement Google
functionality authentication errors toast notifications authentication
added
Day 9 Google sign-in OAuth permission Adjusted Firebase Implement user session
integrated issues permissions handling
Day 10 User session Token expiration issues Implemented token Start product listing
handling refresh logic component
Day 11 Developed product UI inconsistencies Applied grid layout for Create product details
listing component better UI page
Day 12 Implemented Slow API response Cached product data Implement category
product details locally management
page
Day 13 Category filtering Filter state issues Used Zustand for Implement search
added global state functionality
management
Day 14 Search Debounce issues in Optimized with Implement cart system
functionality search useCallback
added
Day 15 Cart state Incorrect item count Refactored state logic Add/remove items in
management with updates cart
Zustand
Day 16 Add/remove cart UI re-renders causing Optimized component Implement quantity
items functionality lag updates updates
added
Day 17 Quantity update Performance issues on Used batch updates in Implement price
feature large cart Zustand calculations
Day 18 Price calculation Incorrect subtotal Used useEffect for Review shopping cart
implemented updates recalculations system
Day 19 Shopping cart Edge cases causing cart Added unit tests UI/UX enhancements
system refined issues start
Day 20 Responsive design Layout shifts on mobile Used flex/grid layouts Implement loading
improvements states
Day 21 Basic user profile Data not syncing Used real-time listeners Implement profile
page properly in Firebase update functionality
Day 22 Profile update Validation issues on Added input Work on order history
feature added fields sanitization page

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Day 23 Order history page Date formatting Used date-fns library Fetch user-specific
structure inconsistencies orders
Day 24 Fetched user- Performance lag on Paginated order history Implement Wishlist
specific orders large data functionality
Day 25 Wishlist Wishlist not persisting Stored Wishlist in Add/remove items in
functionality after refresh Firebase Wishlist
added
Day 26 Wishlist Duplicate item issue Added unique ID Implement product
add/remove items checks review feature
Day 27 Product review Reviews not updating Used onSnapshot in Enable rating system
structure in real-time Firebase with stars
Day 28 Star rating system UI layout breaking on Used flex-wrap for Work on admin
added small screens responsiveness dashboard UI
Day 29 Created admin Navigation issues in Improved routing for Implement admin
dashboard basic admin panel dashboard metrics
layout
Day 30 Admin dashboard Metrics not updating in Used useEffect with Implement active user
metrics (orders, real-time Firebase listeners count feature
revenue)
Day 31 Active user count Real-time count Throttled Firebase Add order management
feature causing performance reads system
lag
Day 32 Order management Order status not Implemented optimistic Add order cancellation
system updating instantly UI updates feature
Day 33 Order cancellation Cancellation logic Added backend Work on sales report
feature failing on edge cases validation feature
Day 34 Sales report Report loading slow for Implemented caching Add user analytics
generation large data of reports
Day 35 User analytics Data aggregation issues Used Firebase Implement inventory
feature functions for tracking
aggregation
Day 36 Inventory tracking Stock count not Fixed with real-time Add performance
system syncing Firebase updates metrics feature
Day 37 Performance Performance score Added detailed logging Review admin
metrics for admin miscalculations for accuracy dashboard functionality
Day 38 Reviewed admin Inconsistent metric data Improved data Finalize admin
dashboard aggregation logic dashboard features
functionality
Day 39 Finalized admin Minor UI glitches Applied consistent Implement sales charts
features styling
Day 40 Sales charts Chart responsiveness Used dynamic resizing Implement detailed
implemented using issues user analytics
Chart.js
Day 41 Detailed user Large dataset slowing Implemented Finalize analytics
analytics added loading pagination & lazy dashboard
loading
Day 42 Analytics Minor bugs in date Fixed date validation Begin testing phase
dashboard filters logic
completed
Day 43 Wrote unit tests for Low coverage in Refactored logic for Increase unit test
key components complex components testability coverage
Day 44 Increased unit test Mocking Firebase was Used Firebase emulator Start integration testing
coverage to 70% difficult for tests
Day 45 Integration tests Checkout flow failing Added retries in test Test authentication
for cart & intermittently cases flow

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 checkout
Day 46 Authentication Token expiry issues Mocked token refresh Performance testing
flow testing during tests in tests start
completed
Day 47 Initial performance High loading time for Implemented lazy Optimize API response
testing images loading for images times
Day 48 Optimized API N+1 query problem in Optimized query Implement caching
response times Firebase reads structure strategies
Day 49 Caching strategies Cache invalidation Added versioning for Conduct security audit
for key data issues cache
Day 50 Initial security JWT tokens not fully Added token Implement input
audit completed secure encryption sanitization
Day 51 Input sanitization SQL-like injection Used regex-based Improve payment
for forms issues sanitization security
Day 52 Payment security Token refresh issues Implemented periodic Complete security
with tokenization token rotation audit fixes
Day 53 Security audit Minor XSS Used content security Finalize security
fixes completed vulnerabilities found policy (CSP) updates
Day 54 Finalized security Performance drop after Adjusted CSP for key Code splitting
updates CSP resources implementation
Day 55 Implemented code Route loading delays Added preloading for Implement lazy loading
splitting in routes critical routes for images
Day 56 Lazy loading for Placeholder image Used low-res image Work on caching
images flickering placeholders (LQIP) strategies
Day 57 Optimized caching Cache invalidation Added versioned cache Optimize page load
with Service issues updates speed
Workers
Day 58 Page load speed Largest Contentful Optimized above-the- Start performance
optimization Paint (LCP) delay fold content audits
Day 59 Performance audit Low accessibility score Improved semantic Optimize Core Web
with Lighthouse HTML & ARIA roles Vitals
Day 60 Optimized Core Poor Time to Deferred non-critical Conduct user
Web Vitals Interactive (TTI) score JS experience testing
Day 61 User experience Navigation confusion Improved navigation Finalize performance
testing with from users labels optimizations
feedback
Day 62 Finalized Inconsistent loading in Adjusted lazy loading Review testing &
performance production thresholds security updates
optimization
Day 63 Reviewed testing Minor unit test failures Fixed failing test cases Complete final testing
and security phase
updates
Day 64 Final testing phase Edge cases missed in Added more edge case Deployment readiness
completed checkout tests check
Day 65 Deployment Build size exceeding Used code minification Plan production
readiness check limits deployment
Day 66 Deployment plan Rollback strategy Added rollback Production deployment
prepared missing mechanism
Day 67 Deployed to Minor post-deployment Hotfixes deployed via Post-deployment
production bugs CI/CD monitoring
environment
Day 68 Post-deployment High error rate on Collected device- Analyse crash reports
monitoring started certain devices specific logs
Day 69 Crash report Memory leaks in Used React Profiler to Optimize high-memory
analysis certain components optimize renders usage components

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Day 70 Optimized high- Performance Used memoization & Monitor performance
memory usage improvement minimal useCallback hook impact
components
Day 71 Monitored LCP still above Optimized image Conduct another round
performance recommended loading priority of load testing
metrics threshold
Day 72 Load testing High latency on certain Implemented CDN for Monitor network
completed network types static assets performance
Day 73 Network CDN cache Used versioning for Collect user feedback
performance invalidation delay static assets on recent changes
monitoring
Day 74 Collected user Complaints about slow Reduced checkout Test simplified
feedback via checkout process steps from 4 to 2 checkout process
surveys
Day 75 Tested simplified Few users reporting Extended session Monitor cart
checkout process session timeouts duration abandonment rate
Day 76 Monitored cart No significant Added reminder Test notification impact
abandonment rate improvement notifications on conversion
Day 77 Tested notification Minor increase in Optimized timing of Review documentation
impact on conversions notifications for completeness
conversion
Day 78 Reviewed Missing Added troubleshooting Finalize all
documentation for troubleshooting section & FAQs documentation
completeness
Day 79 Finalized Minor inaccuracies Peer-reviewed Conduct team training
documentation & found documentation session
user guides
Day 80 Conducted team Team raised questions Created deployment Final bug fixes &
training session on deployment flow flowchart refinements
Day 81 Final bug fixes and Responsive issues on Improved media Prepare for final
UI refinements smaller screens queries and flexbox presentation
usage
Day 82 Prepared final Lacked proper demo Created step-by-step Conduct dry run for
project sequence demo flow presentation
presentation
Day 83 Conducted dry run Time management Adjusted timing for key Final adjustments
presentation issues sections based on feedback
Day 84 Made final Overlooked minor UI Polished final UI Confirm readiness for
adjustments based inconsistencies elements final release
on feedback
Day 85 Confirmed final Discrepancy in test vs. Ran final integration Deploy final stable
readiness for prod environments tests version
release
Day 86 Deployed final Post-release minor bug Quickly deployed Collect post-release
stable version reports hotfixes via CI/CD feedback
Day 87 Collected post- Positive feedback with Logged suggestions for Celebrate project
release feedback minor suggestions future versions completion! 🎉
TABLE 4:DAIL LOG
SR NAME OF THE ENROLLMENT DEPARTMENT PHONE SIGNATURE
STUDENTS NO.

1 Virang 210305105094 CSE 8849830314

Chandresha

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 TWARA SANJAY SUPERVISOR CSE 96645 73048
2
PAREKH
Sumit Chawla INDUSTRY Founder 79904 56948
3
MENTOR

Internship Identification Exercise

Student Information:

1. Related information:

Criterion Remarks
Limited time, secure data handling, and managing real-time
Constraints location tracking without affecting performance.

Understanding of the Issue Address the shortcomings of traditional attendance systems by

providing a secure, accurate, and efficient location-based tracking
solution.

Limited user feedback due to time constraints.

Likely Problems / Inconsistent logout time formatting across devices.
Research Limitations in Balancing tracking accuracy with performance.
the proposed Internship

2.Internship Area Selected:

Title of the Internship area React.js web development

Identified

83 | P a g e
 Aim: To develop a scalable, efficient, and user-friendly e-
commerce web-application for an ice cream business,
leveraging modern web technologies for seamless user
experience and optimized performance.
Objective(s): - Design a responsive and interactive web application using
React.js.
- Implement secure Firebase Authentication for access control
of users and admins.
- Utilize Zustand for efficient state management.
- Integrate seamless payment gateways for online
transactions.
- Optimize performance using code splitting and lazy loading.

- Ensure reliability through unit, integration, and end-to-end

testing.
Methodology: Development Approach: Agile methodology with iterative
cycles.
Frontend: React.js with reusable components and custom
hooks.
Backend: Firebase for authentication, database management,
and real-time data handling.
State Management: Zustand for lightweight and scalable state
management.
Payment Integration: Third-party payment gateways for
secure transactions.
Testing: Unit, integration, and end-to-end testing.
Deployment: Frontend on Vercel; Backend on Firebase.
Analytics: Google Analytics for tracking user behavior and
performance.
Are the environmental and societal implications arising out of the proposed YES / NO
internship?

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 Student Internship Periodic Assessment Review card I
Venom Technologies

Name of Student: Virang Chandresha

Enrolment Number: 210305105199 Internship Starting Date: 15/12/2024

Major Area: React.js web development

Review Date:15/01/2024

Please CHECK the quality and competency of our student(s) towards work.
Rating

Very Good
Criteria

Good (3)

Excellen
Poor (1)

Fair (2)

t (5)
(4)
Following and understanding professional and ethical ✔️
responsibilities
Able to communicate technical information, research ✔️
findings to the peers
Delivering quality work output ✔️
Completion of the work assigned ✔️
Ability to develop solutions and presenting his/her work with ✔️
his own interpretations
Arriving to work on time (Punctuality) ✔️
Using written and oral communications skills for ✔️
professional purposes
Working in teams or groups, including multidisciplinary ✔️
teams
Applying knowledge of the major functional areas, theories ✔️
and their application
Demonstrating knowledge of technological tools and using ✔️
latest techniques and skills to solve problems

Additional Observations and Overall Performance Rating

8.5/10

Name and Sign of the Industry Mentor/Supervisor/Officials: Sumit Chawla

85 | P a g e
 Student Internship Periodic Assessment Review card II
Venom Technologies
Name of Student: Virang Chandresha

Enrolment Number: 210305105199 Internship Starting Date:15/12/2024

Major Area: React.js web development

Review Date:15/2/2024

Please CHECK the quality and competency of our student(s) towards work.
Rating

Very Good
Criteria

Good (3)

Excellen
Poor (1)

Fair (2)

t (5)
(4)
Following and understanding professional and ethical ✔️
responsibilities
Able to communicate technical information, research ✔️
findings to the peers
Delivering quality work output ✔️
Completion of the work assigned ✔️
Ability to develop solutions and presenting his/her work with ✔️
his own interpretations
Arriving to work on time (Punctuality) ✔️
Using written and oral communications skills for ✔️
professional purposes
Working in teams or groups, including multidisciplinary ✔️
teams
Applying knowledge of the major functional areas, theories ✔️
and their application
Demonstrating knowledge of technological tools and using ✔️
latest techniques and skills to solve problems

Additional Observations and Overall Performance Rating

8/10
Name and Sign of the Industry Mentor/Supervisor/Officials: Sumit Chawla

86 | P a g e
 Student Internship Periodic Assessment Review card III
Venom Technologies
Name of Student: Virang Chandresha

Enrolment Number: 210305105199 Internship Starting Date:15/12/2024

Major Area: React.js web development

Review Date:15/03/2024

Please CHECK the quality and competency of our student(s) towards work.
Rating

Very Good
Criteria

Good (3)

Excellen
Poor (1)

Fair (2)

t (5)
(4)
Following and understanding professional and ethical ✔️
responsibilities
Able to communicate technical information, research ✔️
findings to the peers
Delivering quality work output ✔️
Completion of the work assigned ✔️
Ability to develop solutions and presenting his/her work with ✔️
his own interpretations
Arriving to work on time (Punctuality) ✔️
Using written and oral communications skills for ✔️
professional purposes
Working in teams or groups, including multidisciplinary ✔️
teams
Applying knowledge of the major functional areas, theories ✔️
and their application
Demonstrating knowledge of technological tools and using ✔️
latest techniques and skills to solve problems

Additional Observations and Overall Performance Rating

9/10

Name and Sign of the Industry Mentor/Supervisor/Officials: Sumit Chawla

87 | P a g e
 Part – B

Name of Student: Virang Chandresha

Enrolment Number: 210305105199 Internship Starting Date:15/12/2024

Major Area: React.js web development

Review Date:

1. Problem definition (Title) is Appropriate (Yes/No) ( to be

filled in 1st time evaluation)
2. Novelty of the Topic (Yes/No) (to be filled in 1st time evaluation)
3. Clarity of Objectives (Yes/No)
4. Does the Objectives fulfilled (Yes/No)
5. Any suggestions and modifications needed for 2nd /3rd/External evaluation

6. Final Approval (Yes/No) (to be filled in 1st Presentation only)

Particulars Internal Review Panel ( Institute Level)

Expert 1 Expert 2
Name

Institution

Institution Code

Contact No.

Signature

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