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Density

The document explains the concept of density, defined as mass per unit volume, with the formula ρ = m/V and units in kg/m3. It discusses how to measure the density of various objects and liquids, the behavior of materials in water based on their density, and the effects of temperature on density. Additionally, it highlights the unique properties of water, including why ice floats and the density of different states of matter.

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25 views16 pages

Density

The document explains the concept of density, defined as mass per unit volume, with the formula ρ = m/V and units in kg/m3. It discusses how to measure the density of various objects and liquids, the behavior of materials in water based on their density, and the effects of temperature on density. Additionally, it highlights the unique properties of water, including why ice floats and the density of different states of matter.

Uploaded by

akshargamingop
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Density

Different materials have different


densities
You can compare them by floating
in water
Dead sea has more density
Density
• Density= Mass/ Volume
• Unit of density is kg/m3
• ρ= m/v
• eg; mass of a rock sample is 280g and its
volume is 200cm3
Its density = 0.28kg/0.0002m3
=1400kg/m3
Equation to find density
Mass in kg
• Mathematically: Density in
kg/m3

• where:
– ρ is the densitykg/m3,
– m is the mass in kg,
– V is the volume in m3.

Volume in m3
How to find the density of a
regular shaped object
• First find the mass (m) using a scale
• Then take measurements to calculate the
volume of the shape of the object
– Sphere
– Cylinder
– Cube
– Rectangular block
– Prism
Equation to calculate voluime
Density of water
• Density of water=1000kg/m3
• The solids having greater density than
water will sink and the materials with lower
density than water floats on water.
• Rocks and metals sink in water and
plastics, wood and oil floats in water.
Density of solids liquids and gasses
• In general gasses are less dense than
liquids and solids.
• Mercury is the most dense liquid
13600kg/m3.
• Even some metals floats on mercury.
Effect of heat on density
• When heated usually
materials expands
(Increases volume)
but the mass remains
the same, as a result
density decreases.
• Hot air balloons rises
in cold air
Water ice and steam
• Water is an extraordinary liquid. When
heated from 00 Celsius it contract up to 4
degrees of Celsius and then start to
expand.
• When cooled from 0 Celsius it expands
and decreases density.
• This is why ice floats on water.
How to find the density of a stone
• Pour some water into a measuring
cylinder , note down the volume (V1)
• Insert the stone in to the beaker
measure the new volume(V2) V2
• Volume of the stone V=V2-V1 V1
• Measure the mass using a scale (m)
• Calculate the density
Alternate method using a
displacement can
How to measure the density of a
liquid Pour the liquid
and record the
volume (v)

Density of the
liquid= (m2- m1)/v
Record the
mass of the
cylinder with
liquid (m2)

Record the
mass of the
empty cylinder
(m1)

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