Ranks and Reports Capsule for SBI Clerk Mains 2025

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Ranks and Reports Capsule for SBI Clerk Mains 2025
List/Indexes (Ranks & Reports) on March 2025
RANKING
India Ranks 4th in Global Wealth Rankings: Knight Frank’s Wealth Report 2025
In March 2025, the London-based global property consultancy firm, Knight Frank, released the 19th edition of ‘The Wealth Report
2025’, providing a comprehensive analysis of the global distribution of wealth. The report highlights the growing number of High Net-
Worth Individuals (HNWIs) worldwide, with India securing the 4th position globally, boasting an estimated 85,698 HNWIs in 2024,
marking a 6% increase from the previous year.
With 3.7% of the world’s wealthy population, India continues to strengthen its presence among the top wealth-generating nations.
The United States of America (USA) remains the leader with 905,413 HNWIs, followed by China (471,634 HNWIs) and Japan (122,119
HNWIs).
Key Global Findings from The Wealth Report 2025
The Growth of High Net-Worth Individuals Worldwide
The report defines HNWIs as individuals possessing at least USD 1 million in investable assets. According to the findings, the number
of HNWIs increased by 4.4% globally, reaching 2,341,378 in 2024, up from 2,243,300 in 2023.
The top three regions that experienced the highest percentage growth in their HNWI populations are:
• United States – 5.2% growth
• Asia – 5% growth
• Africa – 4.7% growth
Other notable regional HNWI population growth rates:
• Australasia – 3.9% (owing to strong ties with Asian and North American markets)
• Middle East – 2.7%
• Latin America – 1.5%
• Europe – 1.4%
Top 5 Countries with the Highest Number of HNWIs in 2024

Rank Country Number of HNWIs Percentage of Global HNWIs

1 United States 905,413 38.7%
2 China (Mainland) 471,634 20.1%
3 Japan 122,119 5.2%
4 India 85,698 3.7%
5 Germany 69,798 3.0%

Glass-Ceiling Index 2025: Best Countries for Working Women

International Women’s Day (IWD), celebrated annually on March 8, serves as a global platform to recognize the achievements of
women in cultural, political, and socio-economic spheres. It is also a moment to assess progress in gender equality and the challenges
that remain in workplaces worldwide. The Glass-Ceiling Index (GCI), compiled by The Economist, provides a comparative analysis of
the best and worst countries for working women.
The 2025 Glass-Ceiling Index reveals that while significant improvements have been made globally, disparities still persist. This year,
Sweden has reclaimed its position as the best country for working women, surpassing Iceland, which held the top spot for the past
two years. Meanwhile, countries like Japan, Turkey, and South Korea continue to struggle due to entrenched societal norms and wage
gaps.
Global Trends in Women’s Workforce Representation
Political Landscape: A Historic Year for Elections
The year 2024 was remarkable for women’s participation in politics. According to the OECD, the average women’s parliamentary
representation rose to 34%, a testament to global efforts toward gender inclusivity.
• Japan saw a substantial increase in representation, jumping from 10% to 16%.
• Britain experienced notable growth, with representation rising from 35% to 41%.
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• The United States, however, witnessed a slight decline, with female parliamentary representation falling to 28.7%.
This data highlights the evolving role of women in governance, though many nations still lag behind in achieving gender parity in
politics.
Economic Indicators: Progress and Challenges
On the economic front, the percentage of women on corporate boards reached 33%, reflecting a growing acceptance of gender
diversity in leadership roles. Additionally, the labour-force participation rate for women increased to 66.6%, up from 65.8% in the
previous year. However, this figure remains significantly lower compared to the 81% male participation rate.
Despite these advancements, women continue to face obstacles such as wage disparities, unequal career advancement
opportunities, and underrepresentation in top managerial positions.
Top 10 Best Countries for Working Women in 2025
According to The Economist’s 2025 Glass-Ceiling Index, the following countries ranked highest in fostering gender equality, workplace
inclusion, and career growth for women:

Rank Country Region

1 France Europe
2 Spain Europe
3 Australia Oceania
4 Sweden Europe
5 Portugal Europe
6 Norway Europe
7 Finland Europe
8 Denmark Europe
9 New Zealand Oceania
10 Iceland Europe

LIC Ranked World’s 3rd Strongest Insurance Brand

Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) has been ranked the third strongest insurance brand globally, with a Brand Strength Index (BSI)
score of 88 out of 100, according to the Brand Finance Insurance 100 (2025) report. Poland-based PZU topped the rankings with a BSI
score of 94.4, followed by China Life Insurance in second place with 93.5. LIC also holds the 12th position in brand value among global
insurers, while SBI Life ranks 76th, making them the only two Indian insurers in the top 100.
Key Highlights
LIC’s Global Ranking
• Ranked 3rd strongest insurance brand globally.
• Achieved a BSI score of 88/100.
• Holds the 12th position in brand value worldwide.
• SBI Life is the only other Indian insurer in the top 100, ranking 76th.
Global Insurance Market Trends
• The top 100 insurance brands grew by 9% in brand value in 2025.
• Growth driven by higher investment income, rising interest rates, and increased profitability.
• Market capitalization rose due to increasing demand for insurance products.
• Economic recovery, strategic mergers, acquisitions, and tech advancements accelerated industry growth.
LIC’s Financial Performance
• Standalone net profit rose 17% YoY in the December quarter to ₹11,056.47 crore (from ₹9,444.42 crore).
• Consolidated net profit increased 16% YoY to ₹11,000 crore.
• Management expenses decreased, with employee compensation and welfare costs dropping 30%.
• Expense ratio reduced by 231 basis points (bps) to 12.97% from 15.28%.

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India ranks 11th globally in pharmaceutical exports, accounting for 3% of total pharmaceutical exports in 2023. The Central Drugs
Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) and the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare have implemented measures to ensure drug
quality, safety, and efficacy, including risk-based inspections, regulatory amendments, stricter penalties for non-compliance, and
training programs to improve manufacturing standards. These initiatives aim to strengthen the pharmaceutical sector in India.
Amul, India’s leading dairy cooperative, secured 3rd position in the YouGov India Value Rankings 2025, making it the only FMCG
brand in the top three. It stands alongside Amazon (1st) and Flipkart (2nd), reflecting its strong consumer trust and value-for-money
proposition. This achievement underscores the strength of Amul’s cooperative model, ensuring fair pricing for farmers and delivering
high-quality, affordable dairy products to Indian households.
The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) released the ‘Handbook on Indian Insurance Statistics 2023-
24’ in March 2025, providing insights into the Claim Settlement Ratio (CSR) of various insurers. CSR is a key metric that reflects an
insurer's reliability, representing the percentage of claims settled within a specified time, helping stakeholders make informed
decisions about insurance companies.

India’s Free Speech Ranking in Global Index

Summary/Static Details
Why in the news? India’s Free Speech Ranking in Global Index
Survey Conducted By The Future of Free Speech (U.S.-based think tank)
Survey Date October 2024
India’s Rank 24th out of 33 countries
India’s Score 62.6
Comparison with Other Countries India ranked between South Africa (66.9) and Lebanon (61.8)
Highest Ranked Nations Norway (87.9), Denmark (87.0)
Most Improved Countries Indonesia (56.8), Malaysia (55.4), Pakistan (57.0)
Global Free Speech Trend Declined in many democratic nations, including U.S., Israel, and Japan
Public Perception in India Indians believe free speech has improved, despite global rankings showing decline
Support for Government Criticism in India 37% support restricting criticism (highest among surveyed nations)
Lowest Support for Restricting Criticism U.K. (5%) and Denmark (3%)
India’s Free Speech Exception Despite public support, actual protection remains low (similar to Hungary, Venezuela)
Key Expert Opinion Free speech needs public commitment beyond legal protections (Jacob Mchangama)

Finland Tops the World Happiness Rankings for the Eighth Consecutive Year
Finland has once again secured its position as the world’s happiest country for the eighth consecutive year, according to the latest global
happiness rankings. The study, conducted by the Wellbeing Research Centre at the University of Oxford in collaboration with Gallup
and the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network, revealed that the United States has dropped to its lowest-ever ranking at 24th
place. The rankings are based on people’s self-assessment of their quality of life, highlighting factors such as social trust, economic
stability, and life expectancy.
Global Happiness Rankings: Finland Remains on the Top
The 2024 World Happiness Report has reaffirmed Finland’s position as the happiest country in the world. Other Nordic nations, including
Denmark, Iceland, Sweden, and the Netherlands, rounded out the top five.
The rankings are derived from individuals’ responses to survey questions about their overall life satisfaction. Despite Finland’s
geographical proximity to Russia and increasing geopolitical tensions, its citizens continue to report high levels of happiness.
Factors Influencing Happiness Rankings
The happiness rankings are based on a three-year average of a population’s self-assessment of life quality. The factors considered in the
ranking include:
• Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita – Economic stability contributes significantly to life satisfaction.
• Healthy life expectancy – Access to quality healthcare and a longer lifespan improve well-being.
• Social support – Having a reliable network of family and friends enhances happiness.
• Freedom to make life choices – A sense of autonomy and personal control is linked to higher life satisfaction.

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• Generosity – Acts of kindness and donations contribute positively to societal happiness.
• Perceptions of corruption – Lower levels of corruption improve trust in government institutions and social systems.
The Role of Social Trust in Happiness
One of the key findings of the 2024 report is the strong correlation between happiness and belief in the kindness of others. The report
highlights that people who believe in social trust—such as the likelihood of someone returning a lost wallet—tend to experience greater
happiness.
Nordic countries, which consistently rank at the top in happiness indices, also excel in social trust metrics. This suggests that interpersonal
trust and societal stability play an essential role in overall well-being.
United States Sees a Decline in Happiness
The United States, which ranked 13th in 2016, has now dropped to 24th place, marking its lowest position ever in the global rankings.
Experts attribute this decline to increasing income inequality, political divisions, and social unrest.
Similarly, the United Kingdom also fell to its lowest ranking since 2017. Researchers have observed that while happiness disparities
between countries have remained stable, happiness inequality within countries has increased by about 25% over the past two decades.
Geopolitical Challenges and Their Impact on Happiness
Despite facing increased geopolitical tensions due to its proximity to Russia, Finland has continued to rank as the happiest nation. Over
recent years, Finland and other European countries have experienced a rise in cyberattacks, GPS jamming, and suspected sabotage of
critical infrastructure in the Baltic Sea. However, these external challenges have not significantly impacted the Finnish people’s reported
happiness levels.
India's happiness ranking has improved steadily, reaching 118th in the World Happiness Report 2025, up from 126th in 2023 and
139th in 2020. Key factors include economic growth, better corruption perception (rank improved from 71 in 2022 to 56 in 2024),
and rising personal freedom (ranked 23rd in 2024, highest in five years). India's GDP per capita rank also improved to 93rd in 2024.
However, it still lags behind Pakistan (109th) and Nepal (92nd) due to lower social support and economic inequality.

REPORT
Submitted
Report Name Key Notes
By
A study published in The Lancet predicts that by 2050, 44.9 crore Indians will be overweight or
obese, with 21.8 crore men and 23.1 crore women affected. This accounts for nearly one-third of
The Lancet The Lancet
India’s projected population. India also had the highest number of overweight or obese young
adults in 2021, surpassing China and the U.S..
Knight Frank’s Knight Frank’s ‘The Wealth Report 2025’ highlights the global distribution of High Net-Worth
‘The Wealth Individuals (HNWIs), with India ranking 4th worldwide. The report estimates 85,698 HNWIs in
Report 2025’ India in 2024, reflecting a 6% year-on-year growth and 3.7% of the world's wealthy population.
IndiGo Airlines is the world’s second fastest-growing airline in seat capacity, with a 10.1% YoY
increase to 134.9 million seats in 2024, as per the OAG report. It follows Qatar Airways (10.4%
OAG report
growth). The report highlights IndiGo’s flight frequency growth, expanding international
operations, strong financial performance, and future plans.

List/Indexes (Ranks & Reports) on February 2025

RANKING
Henley Passport Index 2025: Singapore Ranks No. 1, India at 80th
The 2025 Henley Passport Index, compiled by Henley & Partners, ranks 199 passports based on their visa-free or visa-on-arrival access
to global destinations. The rankings are based on International Air Transport Association (IATA) data, highlighting global mobility
trends. Singapore holds the top spot, while India ranks 80th, sharing the position with Algeria, Equatorial Guinea, and Tajikistan. The
report also highlights countries gaining or losing mobility privileges over the years.
Key Highlights of the Henley Passport Index 2025
Top-Ranking Passports
• 1st Place: Singapore
• Visa-free access to 193 out of 227 destinations.
• 2nd Place: Japan & South Korea
• Visa-free access to 190 countries.
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• Japan regained visa-free access to China, lost during Covid-19.
• 3rd Place: European Nations
• Finland, France, Germany, Spain, Italy, Ireland
• Access to 189 destinations.
India’s Position (Rank 80)
• Shared with Algeria, Equatorial Guinea, and Tajikistan.
• Indian passport holders can travel to 62 countries visa-free or with visa-on-arrival.
Bottom Ranking Passports
• 99th (Last): Afghanistan – Access to 25 destinations.
• 98th: Syria – Access to 27 destinations.
• 97th: Iraq – Access to 30 destinations.
• Countries Showing Growth & Decline
Significant Gainers
• UAE (Rank 8, 185 destinations)
• Gained access to 72 more destinations in the past decade.
• Only Arab nation in the top 10.
• China (Rank 59, 58 destinations)
• Improved from 94th in 2015 to 59th in 2025.
• Secured 29 new visa-free access destinations in the past year.
Significant Decliners
• Venezuela – Suffered the biggest drop in rankings over the past decade.
• USA – Experienced an unexpected decline in its ranking.
• Afghanistan – Widening mobility gap, losing access to two more destinations.
Top 10 Rankers in Index
• 1st. Singapore
• 2nd. Japan, South Korea
• 3rd. Finland, France, Germany, Spain, Italy, Ireland
• 4th. Austria, Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Sweden
• 5th. Greece, New Zealand, Switzerland
• 6th. Australia, United Kingdom
• 7th. Canada, Czechia, Hungary, Malta, Poland
• 8th. Estonia, UAE
• 9th. Croatia, Latvia, Slovakia, Slovenia, United States
• 10th. Iceland, Lithuania
Note: Many Countries are tied with same number of score in the index and they have same number of position in the index.
India and Its Neighbor Country Rankings
• China – 59th
• India – 80th
• Bhutan – 83rd
• Sri Lanka- 91st
• Bangladesh – 93rd
• Nepal – 94th
• Pakistan – 96th
• Afghanistan – 99th

India’s Rank in Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) 2024

Corruption remains a significant global challenge, affecting governance, democracy, and development. The Corruption Perceptions
Index (CPI) 2024, released by Transparency International, ranks India at 96th position out of 180 countries, with a score of 38—a
decline from 39 in 2023 and 40 in 2022. The CPI evaluates nations based on perceived levels of public sector corruption, using a scale
from 0 (highly corrupt) to 100 (very clean).

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Key Findings of CPI 2024
India’s Ranking and Score
• India ranked 96th out of 180 countries.
• Score: 38 (down from 39 in 2023 and 40 in 2022).
• India ranked 93rd in 2023 and 40th in 2022.

Global and Regional Rankings

• Denmark (1st) is the least corrupt nation, followed by Finland (2nd) and Singapore (3rd).
• South Sudan, Somalia, Venezuela, and Syria are ranked among the most corrupt nations.

India’s neighbors
• Pakistan: 135th
• Sri Lanka: 121st
• Bangladesh: 149th
• China: 76th
Most Corrupt Nations (Bottom Rankings)
• South Sudan – Lowest score (8 points), displacing Somalia.
• Somalia – 9 points.
• Venezuela – 10 points.
• Syria – 12 points.

Corruption and Climate Action

• Corruption threatens climate initiatives, hindering emission reductions and adaptation efforts.
• Misuse of funds meant for climate action worsens global heating effects.
• Undue influence and bribery obstruct policies aimed at environmental protection.
Global Corruption Trends
• United States dropped from 69 to 65 points, ranking 28th (down from 24th).
• France fell from 71 to 67 points, ranking 25th (down from 20th).
• Germany dropped from 78 to 75 points, ranking 15th (down from 9th).
• Mexico dropped five points to 26 due to judicial inaction on corruption.
• Russia fell from 26 to 22 points, further impacted by its invasion of Ukraine.
• Ukraine declined one point to 35, but showed progress in judicial independence and anti-corruption efforts.

Trends in Corruption Levels

• 32 countries have reduced corruption levels since 2012.
• 148 countries have either stagnated or worsened in the same period.
• The global average CPI score remains at 43, indicating limited improvement.
• More than two-thirds of countries score below 50, showing widespread corruption issues.
Challenges and Recommendations
• Corruption fuels democratic decline, instability, and human rights violations.
• Developed nations with high CPI scores often protect fossil-fuel interests rather than fighting corruption.
• Financial hubs in wealthy nations facilitate illicit funds, worsening corruption worldwide.
• Urgent global action is required to combat corruption for a sustainable and democratic future.

India Ranks 3rd in Global LEED Green Buildings 2024

Key Points Details

India ranked 3rd globally in LEED green building certifications 2024, with 370 projects covering 8.50
Why in News?
million GSM of certified space.
Top Countries in LEED 2024 1. China – 25+ million GSM 2. Canada – 10 million GSM 3. India – 8.50 million GSM

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Key Points Details
India’s Previous Rankings 2023: 3rd (7.23 million GSM, 248 projects) 2022: 2nd (10.47 million GSM, 323 projects)
LEED Certification Body U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC)
India’s Green Building Authority Green Business Certification Inc. (GBCI)
US LEED Market Largest globally with 56+ million GSM certified
GBCI India Head Gopalakrishnan Padmanabhan
LEED Certification Criteria Sustainability, Energy efficiency, Water conservation, Carbon footprint reduction
India’s Climate Goal Link Supports UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2030

India’s Logistics Performance Sees Major Leap in Global Rankings

India has achieved a remarkable milestone in the World Bank’s Logistics Performance Index (LPI) 2023, securing the 22nd rank in the
International Shipments category and moving up to 38th place overall among 139 countries. This improvement underscores the
country’s focused efforts on enhancing logistics efficiency, reducing costs, and integrating advanced technology.

What Led to India’s Rise in the LPI Rankings?

India’s progress in the logistics sector can be attributed to multiple factors, including policy reforms, technology-driven initiatives, and
improved infrastructure. The country has significantly enhanced its global trade competitiveness by streamlining supply chains, cutting
delays, and boosting efficiency in freight movement.
• International Shipments Rank Improvement: In 2018, India was ranked 44th in the International Shipments category. The jump to
22nd place in 2023 highlights the success of government policies aimed at easing global trade.
• Turnaround Time at Ports: Indian ports have significantly reduced processing times, with an average turnaround time of 0.9 days,
outperforming major economies such as the USA (1.5 days), Australia (1.7 days), and Germany (1.3 days). This has been possible
due to port modernization and automation.

How Have Government Policies Boosted Logistics Growth?

The government has launched key policy initiatives aimed at strengthening India’s logistics infrastructure and reducing inefficiencies.
Some of the most impactful policies include:
• PM GatiShakti National Master Plan: Launched in October 2021, this initiative focuses on multimodal connectivity to integrate
various transport networks and improve cargo movement. The aim is to reduce logistics costs and drive economic growth by 2024-
25.
• National Logistics Policy (NLP): Introduced in September 2022, this policy seeks to address last-mile delivery challenges, reduce
bottlenecks, and enhance overall logistics efficiency. The policy plays a crucial role in making India’s logistics sector more structured
and cost-effective.

What Role Does Technology Play in India’s Logistics Transformation?

Technology has been a game-changer in India’s logistics sector. Some of the significant tech-driven improvements include:
• Logistics Data Bank Project: Implemented by NICDC, this initiative uses radio frequency identification (RFID) tags to track containers
in real time. This has significantly reduced delays and improved supply chain transparency.
• Automation and AI Integration: Indian ports and warehouses are increasingly adopting automation, AI, and digital tracking systems
to enhance cargo handling efficiency.

What is India’s Vision for the Future of Logistics?

India is planning long-term improvements in logistics under the Maritime Amrit Kaal Vision 2047, which aims to position the country as
a global logistics hub.

Key focus areas include:

• Port Capacity Expansion: The government is working on greenfield and brownfield developments to accommodate growing trade
demands.
• Sustainability Measures: Plans are in place to develop hydrogen hubs and implement eco-friendly logistics solutions.

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• Boosting Shipbuilding: India aims to become a leading player in shipbuilding and repair, increasing its presence in the global
maritime industry.
The Road Ahead
India’s consistent rise in the World Bank’s Logistics Performance Index from 54th in 2014 to 38th in 2023 is a reflection of its policy-
driven and technology-backed transformation. With further advancements in infrastructure, digitalization, and sustainability, India is
poised to strengthen its position as a key player in global trade logistics.

Mukesh Ambani Tops Asia’s Wealthiest Families List

Asia’s wealthiest families continue to shape the global economy, with their influence spanning across diverse industries such as
technology, finance, real estate, and energy. According to Bloomberg’s 2025 rankings, Mukesh Ambani and the Ambani family have
retained the top position, reaffirming their dominance in business and wealth creation. The rankings highlight the remarkable legacy of
Asia’s top business dynasties, showcasing their ability to sustain and expand their financial empires over generations.

Top Ranked Families in the List

Rank Family Name Business Group Country

1 Ambanis Relaince Industries India
2 Chearavanonts Charoen Pokphand Group Thailand
3 Hartonos Djarum, Bank Central Asi Indonesia
4 Mistrys Shapoorji Pallonji Group India
5 Kwoks Sun Hung Kai Properties Hong Kong
6 Tsai Family Cathay Financial, Taiwan
7 Jindals OP Jindal Group India
8 Yoovidhya Family TCP Group Thailand
9 Birlas Aditya Birla Group India
10 Lees Family Samsung South Korea
11 Zhangs China Hongqiao China
12 Cheng (New World Development) Hong Kong
13 Bajaj’s Bajaj Group India
14 Pao/Woos BW Group Hong Kong
15 Kwek/Queks Hong Leong Group Singapore/Malaysia
16 Kadoories CLP Holdings Hong Kong
17 Chirathivats Central Group Thailand
18 Hindujas Hinduja Group India
19 Sys SM Investments Philippines

Forbes India 30 Under 30 2025

The Forbes India 30 Under 30 list for 2025 has been released, showcasing 42 young achievers under the age of 30 across 19 diverse
categories. This year’s list introduces the Artificial Intelligence (AI) category for the first time, highlighting the growing impact of AI-
driven innovations. The honorees include entrepreneurs, professionals, and artists who have made remarkable contributions in their
respective fields while also driving social change through sustainability and community-focused ventures.

What Makes the Forbes India 30 Under 30 List 2025 Special?

The Forbes India 30 Under 30 list, now in its 12th edition, has evolved significantly over the years to reflect changing industry trends. This
year’s edition is notable for several reasons:
• Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a New Category: The addition of AI marks a significant shift, emphasizing how AI-based solutions are
transforming industries. This reflects the increasing relevance of AI in business, healthcare, and creative fields.
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• Diverse Sectors Represented: The list features achievers from sectors including healthcare, entertainment, finance, technology, and
social entrepreneurship.
• Focus on Social Impact: Many honorees are not only excelling professionally but are also contributing to sustainability, inclusivity,
and social progress.

Who Are Some Notable Honorees on the 2025 List?

• Healthcare Sector: Devika Gholap, Co-founder and Chief Product Officer of OptraScan, is recognized for her work in digital pathology,
helping improve cancer diagnostics.
• Entertainment Industry: National Award-winning actress Aparna Balamurali earns a spot for her contributions to Indian cinema.
• Youngest Achiever: Devan Chandrasekharan, at just 18, is the youngest honoree. As the Founder and Managing Director of Fuselage
Innovations, he exemplifies youthful ingenuity in business and technology.

What Are the Key Highlights of This Year’s List?

11 Women Achievers: This year, 11 women feature on the list, reinforcing the rising influence of women in leadership roles across
industries.
Recognition of Professionals: Apart from entrepreneurs, 12 professionals have been included for their outstanding work, balancing
business ventures with corporate leadership.
Massive Financial Deals: One of the honorees has secured a deal worth $500 million, showcasing the high economic impact young leaders
are making.

How Has the Forbes India 30 Under 30 List Evolved Over Time?
Since its inception, Forbes India 30 Under 30 has consistently reflected the changing business and innovation landscape. The 2025 list
continues this tradition by recognizing young individuals who not only excel in their respective industries but also push boundaries in
technology, entrepreneurship, and social impact. The inclusion of AI as a category indicates how Forbes is adapting to emerging trends in
the global economy.

Women Billionaires Global List 2025: Forbes Billionaire List

Top 10 Richest Women in the World (as of February 2025)

In the 2025 edition of the Forbes’ Women Billionaire List, while most of the names have remained the same as last year, there have
been some notable additions, and shifts in net worth and ranking.

Top 10 Women Billionaires (2025)

Rank Name Net Worth (USD) Source of Wealth

1 Alice Walton $112.5 billion Walmart
2 Francoise Bettencourt Meyers and Family $74.4 billion L’Oréal
3 Julia Koch and Family $74.2 billion Koch Industries
4 Jacqueline Mars $42.3 billion Mars Inc
5 Rafaela Aponte-Diamant $39.0 billion Mediterranean Shipping Company (MSC) Group
6 Abigail Johnson $36.0 billion Fidelity Investments
7 Savitri Jindal & Family $32.3 billion JSW Group
8 MacKenzie Scott $32.3 billion Amazon
9 Miriam Adelson & Family $31.5 billion Las Vegas Sands
10 Marilyn Simons & Family $31.0 billion Hedge Funds

Other Ranking News

India is facing a rise in extreme weather events due to climate change, accounting for 10% of global weather-related deaths. From
1993 to 2022, over 400 events resulted in 80,000 deaths and $180 billion in economic losses. Rising temperatures have led to severe
monsoons, heatwaves, and lightning, with recent incidents like floods and landslides in northern states and Kerala. The increase is
driven by unpredictable weather, deforestation, and carbon emissions.

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The BJP is the richest political party in India for FY 2023-24, with an income of ₹4,340.47 crore, according to the Association for
Democratic Reforms (ADR) report. The INC follows with ₹1,225.11 crore, while other national parties like CPI(M), AAP, BSP, and NPEP
have also reported their financial standings. The report highlights the growing financial influence of political parties in India.
Union Minister Prof. S.P. Singh Baghel unveiled the report “Status of Devolution to Panchayats in States” in New Delhi, assessing the
devolution of power, functions, and finances to Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs). The report shows an increase in devolution to
Rural Local Bodies (RLBs) from 39.9% in 2013-14 to 43.9% in 2021-22 and ranks states based on their devolution index.
Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) has achieved a major milestone by securing the second spot in the FutureBrand Index 2024,
surpassing global giants like Apple and Nike. This is the first time an Indian company has entered the top three of this global ranking,
highlighting Reliance's strong brand perception and influence. Samsung claimed the top spot, with RIL outperforming companies like
Disney, Netflix, and Microsoft.

REPORT
NITI Aayog Unveils Report on State Higher Education

NITI Aayog has launched a policy report titled ‘Expanding Quality Higher Education through States and State Public Universities’.
Released by Vice Chairman Suman Bery, along with key officials from NITI Aayog and the Department of Higher Education (DHE), the
report is a first-of-its-kind policy document focused on State Public Universities (SPUs). It provides detailed quantitative analysis on
key aspects such as quality, funding, governance, and employability over the past decade. The report presents nearly 80 policy
recommendations and a strategic roadmap to enhance India’s higher education landscape, aligning with the goals of NEP 2020 and
India’s vision for Viksit Bharat 2047.

Key Highlights of the Report

1. Launch and Key Stakeholders

• The report was released by NITI Aayog Vice Chairman Suman Bery, Dr. Vinod Kumar Paul (Member, NITI Aayog), CEO BVR
Subrahmanyam, Secretary DHE Vineet Joshi, and AIU Secretary General Dr. Pankaj Mittal.
• It is the first policy document specifically focusing on States and SPUs.
• Based on extensive stakeholder consultations with State Government Officials, Vice-Chancellors of 50 SPUs, and State Higher
Education Councils.

2. Role of SPU’s in Higher Education

• 80% of India’s higher education takes place in State Public Universities.
• SPUs must transition from just providing access to delivering world-class education.
• By 2035, enrolment in SPUs is projected to rise to 7 crore students as per NEP 2020 targets.

3. Challenges Identified in SPUs

• Funding Limitations – Need for increased investment and better financial management.
• Governance Issues – Need for structural reforms and leadership capacity building.
• Capacity Building – Training for Vice-Chancellors, teachers, and staff.

4. Policy Recommendations and Key Strategies

• The report includes nearly 80 recommendations covering,
• Improving Quality: Enhancing research, pedagogy, and curriculum development.
• Boosting Funding & Financing: Strengthening institutional financial capacity.
• Governance Reforms: Upgrading governance structures for better accountability.
• Industry-Academia Linkages: Enhancing employability through stronger partnerships.

5. Financial Commitments & Government Initiatives

• PM-USHA scheme allocates ₹13,000 crores (2023-26) for SPUs.
• ₹100 crores per SPU for transitioning into Multidisciplinary Education and Research Universities (MERUs).
• 10,000 PMRF research fellows, 6,500 new IIT seats, and the Bharatiya Bhasha textbook scheme to boost higher education.

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6.Alignment with National Goals
• Supports NEP 2020 implementation and India’s goal of becoming a knowledge hub.
• Essential for developing human capital and achieving the Viksit Bharat 2047 vision.

Report Name Key Notes

• India has become the global leader in passenger load factor (PLF), achieving an 86.4% in 2024,
surpassing the US (84.1%) and China (83.2%).
International Air Transport • The country's booming aviation sector carried 16.3 crore domestic passengers in 2024,
Association (IATA) report showcasing its rapid growth and efficiency.
• India’s booming aviation sector carried 16.3 crore domestic passengers in 2024, highlighting
its rapid growth and efficiency.
• A new study predicts that climate change will drastically affect cocoa production in West and
Central Africa, which supplies over 70% of the world's cocoa.
• Conducted in Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, and Cameroon, the research warns that by 2050,
Journal Agricultural and
50% of cocoa-growing areas may become unsuitable due to rising temperatures and changing
Forest Meteorology
rainfall.
• The study underscores the need for adaptive strategies to sustain production while
preventing deforestation.

List/Indexes (Ranks & Reports) on January 2025

RANKING
Hanley Passport Index 2025
India’s ranking in the Henley Passport Index for 2025 has dropped to 85th, five points lower than its 80th position in 2024. The index,
based on data from the International Air Transport Authority (IATA), is a globally recognized tool for assessing passport mobility.
Singapore retains its top spot for the second consecutive year, while Japan ranks second after holding the top position from 2018-
2023.
Key Highlights
Henley Passport Index Overview
• Published by Henley & Partners, a citizenship advisory firm.
• Based on IATA data with historical data spanning 19 years.
• Includes 199 passports and 227 travel destinations.
• A standard reference for global mobility ranking.
India’s Ranking Trends
• 2025: 85th
• 2024: 80th
• Best ranking: 71st (2006)
• Lowest ranking: 90th (2021)
India and Its Neighbor Country Rankings
• China – 60th
• India – 85th
• Bhutan – 90th
• Sri Lanka- 96th
• Bangladesh – 100th
• Nepal – 101st
• Pakistan – 103rd
• Afghanistan – 106th

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Top 10 Rankers in Index
• 1st. Singapore
• 2nd. Japan
• 3rd. Finland, France, Germany, Spain, Italy, South Korea
• 4th. Austria, Denmark, Ireland, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Sweden, Norway
• 5th. New Zealand, Switzerland, Portugal, United Kingdom
• 6th. Australia, Greece
• 7th. Canada, Malta, Poland
• 8th. Czechia, Hungary
• 9th. Estonia, United States
• 10th. Latvia, Lithuania, Slovenia, UAE

Key Global Ranking

• Singapore: 1st (second year in a row)
• Japan: 2nd (previously top from 2018-2023)
• US: Second-biggest faller over a decade, from 2nd (2015) to 9th (2025).
Notable Climbers and Fallers
• China: Improved from 94th (2015) to 60th (2025), gaining 40 visa-free destinations.
• Venezuela, US, Vanuatu, UK, and Canada are the top five fallers over the past decade.
Global Mobility Trends
• Only 22 passports have declined in ranking over the past decade.
• Wealthy individuals increasingly seek alternative residence or citizenship to optimize outcomes amid global volatility.

India Ranked Second for Cyberattacks in 2024

In 2024, India became the second most targeted nation globally for cyberattacks, with 95 entities falling victim to data theft, according
to CloudSEK’s ThreatLandscape Report 2024. The United States topped the list with 140 attacks, while Israel ranked third with 57
attacks.
Key Findings from the Report
• Sector-Specific Impact: The finance and banking sectors were the most affected, with 20 victims. Other impacted sectors included
government (13 victims), telecommunications (12), healthcare and pharma (10), and education (9).
• Major Data Breaches: Significant breaches included the leak of 850 million records of Indian citizen data from Hi-Tek Group,
customer data from Star Health and Allied Insurance, and 2TB of data from Telecommunications Consultants India.
• Ransomware Incidents: The report identified 108 ransomware incidents in India, with Lockbit being the most active group,
responsible for over 20 incidents. Other notable groups included Killsec and Ransomhub.

Historical Context
• India has faced significant cyber threats in the past. In 2018, it ranked second globally for data breaches, with over 690 million
internet subscribers and a growing number of breaches in both private and public sectors.

Implications
• The surge in cyberattacks underscores the critical need for robust cybersecurity measures across all sectors in India. The rapid
digitization of services has exposed vulnerabilities, making it imperative to enhance security protocols to protect sensitive data
and maintain public trust.

Edelman Trust Barometer 2025 Rankings

The Edelman Trust Barometer 2025, an annual survey by the global communications firm Edelman, revealed key insights into public
trust levels in government, businesses, media, and NGOs. This year, India has slipped one rank to the third spot globally in terms of
overall trust, despite its score remaining unchanged. The study, released ahead of the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting,
highlighted significant disparities in trust levels across income groups and nations.

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Key Highlights of the Edelman Trust Barometer 2025
India’s Position in Trust Rankings
India ranked third globally in terms of trust in institutions (government, businesses, media, and NGOs). The top three positions were
as follows:
1. China
2. Indonesia
3. India
• India lost its second position to Indonesia, which achieved an increased score despite India’s score remaining stable.
• India ranks 13th in trust for companies headquartered in Indian origin, with Canada, Japan, and Germany topping this
specific category.
Trust Gap Between Income Groups in India
The survey emphasized a stark gap between the high-income and low-income populations:
• Among the high-income group, India ranks 4th globally after Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, and China.
• However, the low-income group trusts Indian institutions less, placing India in the 3rd position globally, following China and
Indonesia.

Income Group Rank Trust Level

High-Income Population 4th 80%
Low-Income Population 3rd 65%

This 15% trust gap highlights economic inequality and its impact on perceptions of institutional credibility.
Global Trends Highlighted in the Survey
Disparities Between Developed and Developing Nations
The survey revealed a stark contrast between trust levels in developed and developing nations:
Developing Nations:
• China: 77%
• Indonesia: 76%
• India: 75%
• UAE: 72%
Developed Nations:
• Japan: 37% (lowest globally)
• Germany: 41%
• UK: 43%
• US: 47%
• France: 48%
This data highlights a trend of higher institutional trust in developing countries as compared to wealthier nations.
Tata Tops India, Apple Leads Globally in 2025 Brand Rankings
In the latest Brand Finance Global 500 report for 2025, Tata Group has solidified its status as India’s most valuable brand, achieving a
brand value of $31.6 billion—a 10% increase from the previous year. This marks the first time an Indian brand has surpassed the $30
billion threshold. Globally, Apple continues to dominate with a brand value of $574.5 billion, maintaining its lead over competitors.
Tata Group’s Consistent Growth
Ranked 60th among the world’s top 100 brands, Tata Group has maintained its AAA- brand strength rating. This consistent
performance underscores the conglomerate’s diversified business model and its ability to adapt to evolving market dynamics.
Surge of Indian Brands on the Global Stage
The report highlights significant advancements by other Indian brands:
Infosys: Achieved a 15% increase in brand value, reaching $16.3 billion, and climbed to the 132nd position globally. Notably, Infosys
has recorded the fastest compound annual growth rate (18%) among IT services brands over the past five years.
LIC: Emerged as the fastest-growing Indian brand with a 36% surge in brand value, totaling $13.3 billion. The company boasts a Brand
Strength Index score of 88 out of 100, the highest among Indian brands in the global ranking.

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Reliance Group: Experienced a 17% growth in brand value, reaching $9.8 billion, reflecting its expanding influence across various
sectors.
Larsen & Toubro (L&T): Made a notable entry with a brand value of $7.4 billion, highlighting its significant presence in the diversified
sector.
Global Brand Valuations
On the international front, technology giants continue to lead:
1. Apple: Retains the top spot with a brand value of $574.5 billion, an 11% increase from the previous year.
2. Microsoft: Holds the second position with a brand value of $461.1 billion, marking a 35% growth.
3. Google: Ranks third with a brand value of $413 billion, up by 24%.
These valuations underscore the enduring strength and global influence of technology brands.
Indian Banking Sector’s Rising Influence
The report also highlights the ascent of Indian banking brands in the global arena:
HDFC Group: Entered the global ranking with a brand value of $14.2 billion.
SBI Group: Secured a position with a brand value of $9.6 billion.
ICICI Group: Marked its presence with a brand value of $6.4 billion.
Top 10 Indian brands
Rank Brand 2025 Ranking 2024 Ranking Brand Value
1 Tata Group 60 64 $31.6 billion
2 Infosys 132 145 $16.3 billion
3 HDFC Group 164 228 $14.2 billion
4 Reliance Group 237 261 $9.8 billion
5 LIC 117 222 $13.3 billion
6 L&T Group 316 456 $7.4 billion
7 SBI Group 241 330 $9.6 billion
8 ICICI Group – – $6.4 billion
9 Mahindra Group – – –
10 Bharti Airtel – – –
Globally, Apple is the most valued brand at $574.5 billion, ahead of Microsoft at $461 billion, said the Brand Finance report.
Brand Finance IT Services rankings
Why in News Key Points
Top IT Services Rankings for
Accenture, TCS, Infosys, and HCLTech rank among the top global IT services brands for 2025.
2025
Accenture’s Brand Value Accenture leads with a brand value of $41.5 billion, maintaining its top spot for seven years.
TCS’s Growth TCS holds the second position with a brand value of $21.3 billion, an 11% increase.
Infosys’s Brand Performance Infosys reaches $16.3 billion, with a 15% increase in brand value.
HCLTech’s Rapid Growth HCLTech’s brand value increased by 17%, reaching $8.9 billion.
Wipro and Tech Mahindra’s
Wipro has a brand value of $6 billion, and Tech Mahindra ranks in the top 10.
Rankings
Indian IT companies are showing significant growth, contributing to India’s influence in the
Global IT Market Influence
global IT services sector.
Global Firepower Index 2025: India’s Position
In the 2025 edition of the Global Firepower Index, India maintains its position at number four, with a score of 0.1184. The index evaluates
the military strength of 145 countries based on over 60 parameters, including manpower, natural resources, finance, and geography. A
score of 0.0000 represents an ideal military strength, which no country possesses. The top ten countries in the 2025 ranking are:
1. United States of America – Score: 0.0744
2. Russia – Score: 0.0788
3. China – Score: 0.0788
4. India – Score: 0.1184
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5. South Korea – Score: 0.1656
6. United Kingdom – Score: 0.1785
7. France – Score: 0.1878
8. Japan – Score: 0.1839
9. Turkey – Score: 0.1902
10. Italy – Score: 0.2164

NITI Aayog Unveils Fiscal Health Index 2025 in New Delhi

Key Point Details
NITI Aayog launched the “Fiscal Health Index 2025” on January 24, 2025, in New Delhi, evaluating the fiscal
Why in News
performance of 18 Indian states. Odisha ranked first, followed by Chhattisgarh and Goa.
Top-Ranked States Odisha (67.8), Chhattisgarh (55.2), Goa (53.6)
States with Challenges Karnataka faced issues with expenditure quality and debt management.
Odisha (Static Data) CM: Mohan Charan Majhi ; Capital: Bhubaneswar
Assesses revenue mobilization, expenditure management, and debt sustainability to guide policy reforms
Purpose of Index
for economic growth.
Framework Alignment Supports “Viksit Bharat @2047” vision for sustainable and balanced regional development.

India’s Coffee Journey: From Roots to Global Reach; World’s 7th Largest Coffee Producer
India has ascended to the position of the world’s seventh-largest coffee producer, with exports reaching $1.29 billion in the fiscal year
2023-24, nearly doubling from $719.42 million in 2020-21.
World’s Largest Coffee Producers (Ranked)
1. Brazil – The largest coffee producer, contributing approximately 37% of global coffee supply.
2. Vietnam – The second-largest, known primarily for its Robusta coffee.
3. Colombia – A major Arabica coffee producer, ranked third globally.
4. Indonesia – A key producer, particularly known for its robusta and specialty coffees.
5. Honduras – One of the leading coffee producers in Central America.
6. Mexico – A major exporter of Arabica coffee, ranked sixth globally.
7. India – Seventh-largest, growing both Arabica and Robusta beans.
World University Rankings by Subject 2025
The Times Higher Education (THE) World University Rankings by Subject 2025 have been released, highlighting the leading institutions
across various disciplines. Notably, the United States continues to dominate, securing top positions in nine out of eleven subjects. This
trend underscores the nation’s sustained excellence in higher education.
Engineering Excellence: Harvard Leads
In the Engineering category, Harvard University maintains its position at the top, a feat it achieved in 2024. The top ten universities in
this field are predominantly from the U.S., reflecting the country’s leadership in engineering education. The rankings are as follows:
1. Harvard University
2. Stanford University
3. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
4. University of California, Berkeley
5. California Institute of Technology (Caltech)
6. Princeton University
7. Georgia Institute of Technology
8. University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)
9. Yale University
10. Carnegie Mellon University
These institutions are recognized for their research excellence, innovation, and comprehensive engineering programs. The consistent
performance of U.S. universities in this category highlights their significant contribution to global engineering education.
Subject-Specific Highlights
Arts and Humanities: MIT has ascended to the top position, overtaking Stanford University. This shift marks a significant change in the
traditional hierarchy of leading institutions in this field.
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Business and Economics: The University of Pennsylvania leads this category, reflecting its strong programs and research output in
business and economics.
Computer Science: The University of Oxford has secured the top spot, indicating its growing influence and excellence in computer
science education.
Education Studies: Stanford University leads this category, underscoring its commitment to educational research and innovation.
Law: Stanford University also tops the law rankings, reflecting its prestigious law program and research contributions.
Life Sciences: Harvard University leads this category, highlighting its extensive research and contributions to life sciences.
Medical and Health: Harvard University also tops this category, reflecting its excellence in medical research and education.
Physical Sciences: The California Institute of Technology (Caltech) leads this category, underscoring its strength in physical sciences
research.
Psychology: Stanford University leads this category, reflecting its influential psychology programs and research.
Social Sciences: Harvard University leads this category, highlighting its comprehensive social sciences programs and research output.

REPORT
India’s 4th Biennial Report to UNFCCC Submitted
India submitted its 4th Biennial Update Report (BUR-4) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
on 30th December, 2024. This report builds upon the Third National Communication (TNC) and provides a comprehensive update on
India’s National Greenhouse Gas (GHG) inventory for the year 2020. It also includes critical information on national circumstances,
mitigation actions, and the associated finance, technology, and capacity-building needs.
Union Minister for Environment, Forest, and Climate Change, Shri Bhupender Yadav, highlighted India’s leadership in sustainablea
growth, emphasizing Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s commitment to balancing economic progress with meaningful climate action.
Key Highlights of BUR-4 Report
1. GHG Inventory for 2020
• Total GHG emissions in 2020,
• Without LULUCF (Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry): 2,959 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalent (CO₂e).
• With LULUCF: 2,437 million tonnes of CO₂e.
• Reduction In Emissions: A 7.93% decrease in total GHG emissions compared to 2019.
2. Sectoral Contributions to Emissions
• Energy sector: 75.66% of total emissions.
• Agriculture: 13.72%.
• Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU): 8.06%.
• Waste: 2.56%.
3. Forest and Tree Cover Contributions
• Forests and tree cover sequestered 522 million tonnes of CO₂ in 2020, reducing 22% of total CO₂ emissions.
• India’s forest and tree cover stands at 25.17% of the total geographical area.
Achievements in NDC’s Targets
1. Decoupling Economic Growth Emissions
• Between 2005 and 2020, India’s emission intensity of GDP reduced by 36%, exceeding its target of 33-35%.
2. Renewable Energy Progress
• By October 2024, the share of non-fossil sources in installed electricity generation capacity reached 46.52%.
• Renewable power capacity (excluding large hydro): 156.25 GW (4.5 times increase from 35 GW in March 2014).
• Total installed renewable capacity (including large hydro): 203.22 GW.
3. Additional Carbon Sink
• Between 2005 and 2021, India created an additional carbon sink of 2.29 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalent through increased forest
and tree cover.
Commitment to Climate Action
• Despite contributing minimally to historical and current global emissions, India remains proactive in combating climate change,
aligning with the principles of equity and Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC), as
stated in the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement.

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Decline in Student Enrolment: UDISE+ Report 2023-24
The Ministry of Education’s Unified District Information System for Education Plus (UDISE+) report for 2023-24 reveals a significant
decline in student enrolment, marking a notable shift from the stable figures observed in previous years.
What is UDSIE+?
UDISE+ (Unified District Information System for Education Plus) is an online data collection system developed by the Department of
School Education & Literacy in 2018-19. It was introduced to replace the manual paper-based data collection process, with
improvements in data capture, mapping, and verification.
Key Findings
Overall Enrolment Decline
The total student enrolment decreased to 24.8 crore in 2023-24, a drop of over one crore compared to the previous years. This marks
a 6% decline from the 26.02 crore recorded in 2018-19.
Gender-wise Enrolment Trends
Boys: Enrolment fell from 13.53 crore in 2018-19 to 12.87 crore in 2023-24, a 4.87% decline.
Girls: Enrolment decreased from 12.49 crore in 2018-19 to 11.93 crore in 2023-24, a 4.48% decline.
Regional Variations
Bihar: Enrolment dropped from over 2.49 crore in 2018-19 to over 2.13 crore in 2023-24, a decrease of over 35.65 lakh students.
Uttar Pradesh: Enrolment fell from 4.44 crore in 2018-19 to 4.16 crore in 2023-24, a reduction of 28.26 lakh.
Maharashtra: Enrolment decreased from over 2.32 crore in 2018-19 to 2.13 crore in 2023-24, a decline of 18.55 lakh students.
School Infrastructure:
• Over 90% of schools have basic amenities like electricity and gender-specific toilets.
• 57.2% of schools have functional computers.
• 53.9% of schools have internet access.
• 52.3% of schools are equipped with ramps.
Implications
The substantial drop in enrolment raises concerns about the effectiveness of current educational policies and the need for targeted
interventions. The data collected through UDISE+ will be crucial in informing future strategies aimed at improving student enrolment
and retention rates across various states and demographics.

List/Indexes (Ranks & Reports) on December 2024

RANKING
• IndiGo Airlines ranked 103rd out of 109 in the 2024 AirHelp Score report, placing it among the worst-performing global airlines.
Air India ranked slightly better at 61st. IndiGo disputes the findings, criticizing the methodology for lacking transparency,
particularly regarding the sample size from India.
• India has become the global leader in mobile malware attacks, surpassing the US and Canada, with 28% of global attacks in 2024,
according to a Zscaler ThreatLabz report. This rise highlights the increasing cybersecurity vulnerabilities amid India's rapid digital
transformation, especially with a surge in Trojans and phishing attacks targeting the financial sector.
• Kerala ranks fifth in the India Skills Report 2025, with an impressive 71% employability rate. The state is recognized for its talent,
workplace inclusivity, and effective education and skill development. The report also highlights India's leadership in AI skill
penetration and the transformative impact of AI on the workforce. Kerala secures the fifth position nationally, after Maharashtra,
Delhi, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh.
• A UNCCD report highlights that over 77% of Earth's land has become drier over the past 30 years, leading to an expansion of
global drylands by 4.3 million square kilometers. If greenhouse gas emissions aren't reduced, an additional 3% of humid areas
could turn into drylands by 2100. This will severely affect 2.3 billion people currently living in drylands, with projections rising to
5 billion by the century’s end.
• Taste Atlas has ranked the Top 10 Best Food Cities in the World for 2024-25, with Italy dominating the list, claiming six spots.
Mumbai ranks 5th, showcasing India’s culinary diversity, particularly with Vada Pav. Other notable cities include Osaka (Japan)
and Paris (France). The rankings are based on over 477,000 ratings of dishes, with cities like Naples, Milan, and Bologna topping
the list. Indian cities like Amritsar, New Delhi, Hyderabad, and Kolkata also feature, reflecting India’s growing global food
recognition.

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QS World University Rankings: Sustainability 2025
In a groundbreaking update to the global higher education scene, QS Quacquarelli Symonds, renowned for its expertise in university
rankings, has released the third edition of the ‘QS World University Rankings: Sustainability 2025’. This prestigious ranking evaluates
universities based on their sustainability initiatives, considering factors like environmental impact, social responsibility, and
governance. The 2025 edition has brought notable improvements for Indian institutions, especially the Indian Institutes of
Technology (IITs), with IIT Delhi securing a top spot.
QS World University Rankings: Sustainability 2025

Rank in India 2025 Ranking 2024 Ranking Change Institution

1 171 426 255 Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IITD)
2 202 349 147 Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT-KGP)
3 234 303 69 Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IITB)
4 245 522 277 Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IITK)
5 277 344 67 Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM)
6 299 220 -79 University of Delhi
7 376 505 129 Indian Institute of Science
8 396 449 53 Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)
9 401 576 175 Manipal Academy of Higher Education – Manipal University (MAHE)
10 412 496 84 Anna University

List/Indexes (Ranks & Reports) on November 2024

RANKING
World Justice Project (WJP) Rule of Law Index 2024
Global Regional
Aspect Income Rank Observations
Rank Rank
3rd in South 8th in Income India ranks 79th globally, 3rd in South Asia, 8th among
Overall Ranking 79/142
Asia Group lower-middle-income countries
Constraints on Slight decline indicating challenges in balancing
60/142 2/6 3/38
Government Powers executive power
Absence of Corruption 97/142 3/6 15/38 Improved; reflects progress against corruption
India leads in South Asia, showing transparency
Open Government 44/142 1/6 1/38
improvements
Fundamental Rights 102/142 3/6 15/38 Low ranking highlights ongoing issues in civil liberties
Order and Security 98/142 3/6 21/38 Challenges in safety and order
Moderate ranking indicating need for regulatory
Regulatory Enforcement 78/142 3/6 11/38
consistency
Civil Justice 107/142 3/6 23/38 Low ranking due to delays and weak enforcement
Criminal Justice 89/142 3/6 14/38 Reflects accessibility challenges in the justice system
Top 10 Countries in WJP Rule of Law Index

Rank Country WJP Rule of Law Score

1 Denmark 0.87
2 Norway 0.86
3 Finland 0.84
4 Sweden 0.84
5 Germany 0.81
6 Netherlands 0.80

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Rank Country WJP Rule of Law Score
7 New Zealand 0.80
8 Canada 0.79
9 Australia 0.79
10 Singapore 0.78

Observations and Key Points

• Global Trend: Rule of law has declined globally for the 7th consecutive year, with scores dropping in 57% of countries.
• India’s Global Position: India ranks 79th out of 142 countries, holding the 3rd position among 6 South Asian countries.
• Income Group Ranking: Among lower-middle-income countries, India ranks 8th out of 38.
• South Asia Region: India ranks third after Nepal (69) and Sri Lanka (75), ahead of Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Afghanistan.
• Top Performing Countries: Denmark, Norway, and Finland lead in global rule of law, whereas Venezuela ranks lowest.
India’s Specific Rankings in Rule of Law Factors
• Constraints on Government Powers: Ranks 60th, showing a need for balance in executive power.
• Absence of Corruption: Ranked 97th; India has shown improvement here.
• Open Government: Leads in South Asia, indicating progress in transparency and openness.
• Fundamental Rights: Ranked 102nd, reflecting issues in protecting civil liberties.
• Justice System: Low ranks in Civil (107th) and Criminal Justice (89th), highlighting problems in efficiency and accessibility.
This structured format provides a concise overview of India’s position and insights from the WJP Rule of Law Index 2024.

London Leads Global City Brands Rankings Again

Summary/Static Details
Why in the news? London topped the list of the top 100 “city brands” for the second consecutive year
Top-ranked City 1. London (Ranked 1st for 2nd consecutive year)
2. New York,
3. Paris,
4. Tokyo,
5. Dubai,
Other Top 10 Cities 6. Singapore,
7. Los Angeles,
8. Sydney,
9. San Francisco,
10. Amsterdam
Survey
15,000 people from 20 countries (Including Türkiye, US, Germany, Australia, UAE, Brazil, China, etc.)
Respondents
Based on 7 pillars: Business & Investment, Liveability, Culture & Heritage, People & Values, Sustainability &
Ranking Criteria
Transport, Governance, Education & Science

India Secures Top-10 Position Globally in Patents, Trademarks, and Industrial Designs

Key Aspect Details

India ranked in the global top 10 for patents, trademarks, and industrial designs according to the WIPO 2024
Why in News report. It recorded the fastest patent growth at 15.7%, ranked sixth in patent filings, and fourth in trademark
filings.
Patent
Applications India filed 64,480 patent applications, with 55.2% resident filings (first time achieving this milestone).
(2023)
Patent Growth 15.7% increase in patent applications, marking the fifth consecutive year of double-digit growth.
Patents Granted
Increase of 149.4% in patents granted compared to the previous year.
(2023)
Industrial Design 36.4% rise in industrial design applications; top sectors: Textiles and Accessories, Tools and Machines, Health
Filings and Cosmetics.

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Key Aspect Details
India ranked fourth globally, with a 6.1% increase; nearly 90% filed by residents. Key sectors: Health (21.9%),
Trademark Filings
Agriculture (15.3%), Clothing (12.8%).
Trademarks in
Over 3.2 million trademarks registered, second-largest number of active registrations globally.
Force
Patent-to-GDP
Increased from 144 to 381 over the past decade.
Ratio
Asia accounted for 68.7% of global patent applications in 2023, with notable contributions from China, the US,
Global Context
Japan, South Korea, and India.

India’s Historic Rise: Ranked 6th Globally in WIPO Patent Filings 2023

Why in News Key Points

India’s Global Patent
India ranked 6th in global patent filings for the first time in 2023.
Filing Rank in 2023
Patent Filing Growth
India filed 64,480 patents in 2023, showing a 15.7% growth from 2022.
in India
Global Patent Filing
Over 35 lakh patents were filed worldwide in 2023.
Total
Top Countries in 1. China: 1.64 million patents, 2. USA: 518,364, 3. Japan: 414,413, 4. South Korea: 287,954, 5. Germany:
Patent Filings 133,053, 6. India: 64,480.
Global Patent Filing
Global patent filings increased by 15.7% in 2023, the 4th consecutive year of positive growth.
Growth
Asia’s Share in Global Asia accounted for 68.7% of global patent filings, 66.7% of trademark filings, and 69% of industrial design
IP Filings filings in 2023.
India’s Growth in IP
India also ranked in the top 10 for industrial designs and trademarks.
Rights
Intellectual Property
Includes patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial designs, geographical indications, and trade secrets.
Rights (IPR)
Patents: Exclusive rights for inventions. Copyright: Literary and artistic works. Trademarks: Company
Types of IPR: identifiers. Industrial Designs: Aesthetic features of products. Geographical Indications: Origin-based goods.
Trade Secrets: Confidential business info.

India Drops Two Spots in Global Climate Index

Summary/Static Details
Why in the news? India drops two places but remains among top 10 climate performers: Report
India’s Rank 10th out of over 60 countries
– Low per-capita emissions (2.9 tCO2e, below global average of 6.6 tCO2e)
– Rapid renewable energy growth (e.g., solar projects, Rooftop Solar Scheme)
Strengths
– Advancements in EV deployment, especially two-wheelers
– Improved energy efficiency standards
– Heavy reliance on coal with plans to increase production
Challenges
– Growth-oriented approach driven by rising energy and industrial demand
– Net-zero emissions by 2070
Global Commitments
– 500 GW renewable energy capacity by 2030
– Top 3 CCPI spots left vacant due to no country achieving “very high” performance
Global Context
– 63 countries and EU assessed, contributing 90% of global emissions
Top Performers – Denmark (4th), Netherlands (5th), UK (6th)
Lowest Performers – Iran (67th), Saudi Arabia (66th), UAE (65th), Russia (64th)
China and US Rankings China (55th) and US (57th) due to heavy coal dependency and weak targets
Argentina’s Decline Rank 59th due to new president’s climate denial stance
India’s Climate Growth-driven, reflecting industrial and population energy demands; need for transition away from fossil
Approach fuels

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World Bank Launches ‘Jobs at Your Doorstep’ Report in Delhi

Summary/Static Details
Why in the news? World Bank Launches ‘Jobs at Your Doorstep’ Report in Delhi
Dharmendra Pradhan (Education), Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya (Labour & Employment, Youth Affairs and
Ministers Present
Sports)
Main Focus Skills gap analysis and aligning school curricula with local industry needs
States Covered Himachal Pradesh, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan
Report Title Jobs at Your Doorstep: A Jobs Diagnostics for Young People in Six States
– Analyze skills gaps in youth and align school curricula with industry needs
Report Objectives
– Focus on skill-based education from grades 9-12
Methodology Bottom-up approach: Primary & secondary research in districts of six states
Recommended
Pan-India framework to broaden the scope beyond the six states
Framework
– Emphasizes mainstreaming skill education in schools
NEP 2020 Alignment
– Focus on consistent practice to master skills
– Embed skill-based education early (grades 9-12)
Key Recommendations
– Align skills taught with local industry requirements
Government’s Perspective – Broaden “jobs” to include economic empowerment and opportunities
Expected Outcome – Empower youth through skills training, contributing to economic growth

Henley Passport Index 2024 October

Rank Country Visa-Free Access

1st Singapore 195
2nd France 192
2nd Germany 192
2nd Italy 192
2nd Japan 192
2nd Spain 192
3rd Austria 191
3rd Denmark 191
3rd Finland 191
3rd Ireland 191

India’s Position
In contrast, India ranks 83rd, providing its citizens with visa-free access to 58 countries. This ranking underscores the challenges that
Indian passport holders face in terms of global mobility. However, the growing emphasis on international relations may pave the way
for improved access in the future.
The World’s Weakest Passports
While some passports grant their holders considerable travel freedom, others offer limited options. The Henley Passport Index 2024
highlights the least powerful passports, which require holders to obtain visas for most international travel. The countries that rank at
the bottom of the index include:

Rank Country Visa-Free Access

102nd Pakistan 33
102nd Yemen 33
103rd Iraq 31
104th Syria 27
105th Afghanistan 26

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Hurun India Philanthropy List 2024

Top 10 Philanthropists in 2024:

Rank Name Donation (INR Cr) Growth (%) Primary Cause Company/Foundation
1 Shiv Nadar & Family 2,153 5% Education Shiv Nadar Foundation
Mukesh Ambani & Admission for
2 407 8% Reliance Foundation
Family Disadvantaged Communities
3 Bajaj Family 352 33% Education for Engineering Bajaj Group Trust
Kumar Mangalam Birla Aditya Birla Capital
4 334 17% Education
& Family Foundation
Education for Remote
5 Gautam Adani & Family 330 16% Adani Foundation
Villages
6 Nandan Nilekani 307 62% Ecosystem Building Nilekani Philanthropies
7 Krishna Chivukula 228 New Education ASHA Foundation
8 Anil Agarwal & Family 181 -25% Education Anil Agarwal Foundation
Susmita & Subroto
9 179 63% Public Healthcare Mindtree
Bagchi
Rohini Nilekani
10 Rohini Nilekani 154 -10% Ecosystem Building
Philanthropies

QS Asia Rankings 2025

Category Details
- 2025 Top Asian Universities include leading institutions from China, Singapore, and Japan.
• Peking University
• location Beijing, China (Mainland)
• The University of Hong Kong
• location Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
Top 5 Rankings • National University of Singapore (NUS)
• location Singapore, Singapore
• Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU Singapore)
• location Singapore, Singapore
• Fudan University
• location Shanghai, China (Mainland)
Indian Perspective - India’s top-ranked: IIT Delhi (44th), IIT Bombay (48th), IIT Madras (56th).
Produced By Quacquarelli Symonds (QS), an internationally recognized provider of global university rankings.
- In 2024, IIT Delhi was at 46th, IIT Bombay at 50th, and IIT Madras at 58th. Shows consistent improvement
Past Ranking (India)
in Indian rankings over the years.
- Academic Reputation
- Faculty-Student Ratio
- Citations per Paper
- Papers per Faculty
Parameters - International Research Network
- Employer Reputation
- Proportion of International Faculty and Students
- Inbound and Outbound Exchange
- Faculty with PhDs.
- Headquarters in London, UK
Organization Facts - Founded in 1990
- Specializes in global education and rankings.
Edition 2025, representing the latest insights and rankings in Asian academia.

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Category Details
Total Members /
- Rankings include 984 institutions from 30+ Asian countries.
Countries
Reports Director’s
- Ben Sowter, Senior Vice President and Director of QS Intelligence Unit.
Name
- IIT Delhi, Bombay, and Madras improved in Asian standings, entering top 50 for the first time in QS Asia.
Major Changes in
- Regional rank improvements noted for BRICS and G20 countries, especially in STEM-based metrics. NUST
Ranks
Islamabad from Pakistan shares the 6th position in South Asia alongside IIT Kanpur.

Global AI Preparedness India’s Position Among Leading Nations

Summary Details
AI is revolutionizing the global economy. In the AI Preparedness Index India ranks 72 in the list.
IMF AI Preparedness Index 2023
1. Digital infrastructure,
2. Human capital,
3. Technological innovation,
4. Legal frameworks.
Top 10 Countries
1. Singapore,
2. Denmark,
Why in the news?
3. USA,
4. Netherlands,
5. Estonia,
6. Finland,
7. Switzerland,
8. New Zealand,
9. Germany,
10. Sweden
India - 72nd, China - 31st, Sri Lanka 92nd, Bangladesh - 113th.
AI Preparedness Index Released By IMF (Internal Monetary Fund)
Total Countries 174

Times Higher Education (THE) Interdisciplinary Science Rankings 2025

Category Details
India’s growing role in interdisciplinary research, with 65 universities featured in THE
Key Highlight
Interdisciplinary Science Rankings 2025.
• Anna University (Rank 42),
• VIT University (Rank 65),
• SRM Institute of Science and Technology (Rank 84),
• KIIT University (Rank 92),
Top Indian Universities in THE
• University of Delhi (Rank 98),
Interdisciplinary Science Rankings
• Lovely Professional University (Rank 99),
2025
• Amity University (Rank 101),
• Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (Rank 102),
• Jamia Millia Islamia (Rank 103),
• Jawaharlal Nehru University (Rank 105).
• MIT (USA) - Rank 1,
• Stanford University (USA) - Rank 2,
Global Leaders in Interdisciplinary • National University of Singapore (Singapore) - Rank 3,
Science • California Institute of Technology (USA) - Rank 4,
• Duke University (USA) - Rank 5,
• University of Minnesota (USA) - Rank 6.

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Category Details
Reflects India’s growing contribution to interdisciplinary research that combines various fields
Significance for India (engineering, life sciences, computer science) to address global issues such as healthcare,
climate change, and technological advancements.

Network Readiness Index 2024

Summary/Static Details
Why in the news? India ranks 49th in Global Network Readiness Index (NRI) 2024
Overall Global Rank 49th (Improved from 60th in 2023)
NRI Score 53.63 (Improved from 49.93 in 2023)
- AI Scientific Publications - 1st
- AI Talent Concentration - 1st
- ICT Services Exports - 1st
Global Ranking in Key - FTTH/Building Internet Subscriptions - 2nd
Indicators - Mobile Broadband Internet Traffic - 2nd
- International Internet Bandwidth - 2nd
- Domestic Market Scale - 3rd
- Annual Investment in Telecom Services - 4th
Regional Rank 2nd (Among lower-middle-income countries, after Vietnam)
- Tele Density 84.69% (Increased from 75.2%)
Telecom Infrastructure
- Wireless Connections - 119 crore
Growth
- Broadband Expansion - 94.4 crore (Increased from 25.1 crore)
5G Launch 2022 (Improved mobile broadband speed from 118th to 15th)
Future Vision Bharat 6G Vision (Leadership in 6G telecom technologies)
1. United States
2. Singapore
3. Finland
4. Sweden
5. Republic of Korea
Top 10 Countries
6. Netherlands
7. Switzerland
8. United Kingdom
9. Germany
10. Denmark
- China - 17th
- India - 49th
India’s Neighbouring
- Bangladesh - 89th
Countries
- Sri Lanka - 95th
- Pakistan - 97th

REPORT
Rise in Glacial Lake Himalaya Report Tells

Summary Details
A government report indicated Glacial lake in Himalayan region have experienced a 10.81% increase in area
from 2011 to 2024.
• The total area of glacial lakes in India grew from 1,962 hectares in 2011 to 2,623 hectares in 2024,
marking a 33.7% increase.
Why in the news?
• A total of 67 lakes in India experienced over 40% increase in surface area, categorizing them as high-risk
for GLOFs.
• The most notable expansions were recorded in Ladakh, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, and
Arunachal Pradesh.

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Summary Details
Central Water
New Delhi
Commission HQ
CWC Chairman Shri Kushvinder Vohra

ISA Launches World Solar Report Seriess

Summary/Static Details
3rd Edition of World Solar Report Series launched at the 7th Assembly of the International Solar
Why in the news?
Alliance (ISA).
Released By Pralhad Joshi, President of ISA Assembly and India’s Minister for New and Renewable Energy.
1. World Solar Market Report
2. World Investment Report
Reports
3. World Technology Report
4. Green Hydrogen Readiness Assessment for African Countries
Overview of World Solar First introduced in 2022, provides an overview of global solar progress, investment trends,
Report Series challenges, and technological advancements.
Held alongside the 7th ISA Assembly. Co-organized with India’s Ministry of New & Renewable Energy,
High-Level Conference
the Asian Development Bank, and the International Solar Energy Society.
Drive actionable change in solar technology and policy for a clean energy transition. Focus on
Conference Objectives
emerging technologies, storage, and the role of solar in socio-economic development.
- Founded: December 6, 2017, headquartered in India.
- Mission: $1 trillion solar investment by 2030, promoting affordable solar.
About ISA - Partnerships: MDBs, DFIs, private/public sector collaborations to aid LDCs and SIDS.
- Initiatives: Policy support, investment mobilization, cost reduction, training, and data access for
stakeholders.

List/Indexes (Ranks & Reports) on October 2024

RANKING
India Ranks 105th in Global Hunger Index 2024

Summary/Static Details
The Global Hunger Index (GHI) is a comprehensive tool that tracks and measures hunger at the global,
Why in the news?
regional, and national levels and with specific emphasis on India's ranking and challenges.
India's GHI 2024
105th out of 127 countries (Serious Hunger Category)
Ranking
India’s GHI Score 27.3 (Severe hunger level)
- Undernourishment: 13.7% of population
Key Indicators - Child Stunting: 35.5% of children under five
Contributing to GHI - Child Wasting: 18.7% of children under five
- Child Mortality: 2.9% of children under five
Impact of Conflict on
- Conflicts in Gaza, Sudan, Syria, and others contribute to food crises.
Hunger
Challenges &
- Achieving Zero Hunger (SDG 2030) is increasingly unlikely without substantial progress.
Projections
1-22. Belarus,
1-22. Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Top Performers (2024) 1-22. Chile,
1-22. China,
1-22. Costa Rica
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Summary/Static Details
121. Niger,
122. Haiti,
Worst Performers
123. Dem. Rep. of the Congo,
(2024)
126. Yemen,
127. Somalia
4. China,
52. Thailand,
India’s Neighboring
56. Sri Lanka,
Countries
68. Nepal,
109. Pakistan

2024 Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)

Key Findings Details

Global Poverty 1.1 billion people live in acute multidimensional poverty, with 455 million in conflict-affected areas.
Child Poverty Over 584 million children live in poverty, representing 27.9% of children.
Basic Needs
828 million lack sanitation, 886 million lack proper housing, and 998 million lack cooking fuel.
Deficiency
637 million people live in households with undernourished individuals, particularly in South Asia and Sub-
Undernourishment
Saharan Africa.

MPI of South Asian Countries (2024) MPI Value Poverty Incidence People in Poverty
India 0.105 23.8% 234 million
Pakistan 0.198 38.3% 93 million
Nepal 0.092 22.5% 7.5 million
Bangladesh 0.104 24.6% 41.7 million

Conflict Impact Details

Electricity 25% of the poor in conflict areas lack access to electricity (vs. 5% in stable regions).
Education 17.7% of children in conflict areas lack schooling (vs. 4.4% in stable regions).
Nutrition 20.8% of people in conflict zones are malnourished (vs. 7.2% in peaceful regions).

Slow Progress in Conflict Zones Details

64.9% of Afghanistan’s population was impoverished in 2022/23, with 5.3 million more people
Afghanistan
falling into poverty.

Global Trends Details

Since 2010, MPI has tracked global poverty trends, emphasizing the need for investments in peace to break the
MPI Tracking
poverty-conflict cycle.

MPI Indicators and Cutoffs Details

Health Deprived if a child under 18 dies in the last five years.
Nutrition Deprived if any household member is undernourished.
Education Deprived if no household member has completed six years of schooling.
Standard of Living Includes indicators for cooking fuel, sanitation, drinking water, electricity, housing, and assets.

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Fictional Example (Country X) Details

H (Headcount) 0.667
A (Intensity) 0.417
MPI Calculation MPI = 0.667 × 0.417 = 0.278
Poverty Status MPI poor (≥ 33%)

REPORT
Report Name Submitted By Key Notes
- Highlights challenges in extending unemployment benefits in Asia-
Pacific.
World Social Protection Report - Asia-Pacific achieved 53.6% population coverage by at least one social
International Labour
2024-26: Regional companion protection benefit but spends only 11.8% of GDP on social protection,
Organisation
report for Asia and the Pacific below the global average of 19.3%.
- Approximately 2.1 billion people remain unprotected from lifecycle and
socio-economic risks, with uneven progress.
- Part of the 79th National Sample Survey (NSS), conducted from July 2022
to June 2023; not conducted in some Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Comprehensive Annual Ministry of Statistics villages.
Modular Survey (CAMS): July and Programme - 96.5% of rural and 97.9% of urban individuals (aged 15-24) can
2022 - June 2023 Implementation read/write simple statements and perform basic arithmetic.
- Medical expenses: Rural - Rs 4,129; Urban - Rs 5,290.
- 95.7% of rural and 97% of urban youth (15-24) use mobile phones.
- Based on a survey of 1 lakh rural households, covering economic and
financial aspects post-COVID.
NABARD All India Rural National Bank for
- Average monthly income increased by 57.6% over 5 years, from Rs 8,059
Financial Inclusion Survey Agriculture and Rural
(2016-17) to Rs 12,698 (2021-22).
(NAFIS) for 2021-22 Development
- Average monthly expenditure rose from Rs 6,646 (2016-17) to Rs 11,262
(2021-22).
- Average size of monitored wildlife populations decreased by 73% in 50
years (1970-2020).
2024 Living Planet Report - A World Wide Fund for - Living Planet Index (LPI) shows steep declines: Latin America and the
System in Peril Nature Caribbean (95%), Africa (76%), Asia-Pacific (60%).
- Highest decline in freshwater ecosystems (85%), followed by terrestrial
(69%) and marine (56%) ecosystems.
- India has 129 million citizens living on less than Rs 180 (USD 2.15) daily,
a decline from 431 million in 1990.
Poverty, Prosperity, and Planet
- Increased poverty threshold of USD 6.85 (around Rs 576) for middle-
Report 2024 - Pathways Out of World Bank
income countries leads to more individuals below this line.
the Polycrisis
- Extreme poverty in India is expected to drop below 3% by the end of the
decade.
- 347 GW of photovoltaic capacity added globally in 2023, a 74% increase
from 2022.
International
- China contributed 63% (216.9 GW) of new PV capacities.
Renewable Energy and Jobs Renewable Energy
- Jobs in renewable energy grew from 13.7 million (2022) to 16.2 million
Annual Review 2024 Agency (IRENA) &
(2023); 7.1 million in solar PV alone.
ILO
- India had a cumulative wind power capacity of 44.7 GW, ranking 4th
globally.
- Over 11.5 lakh children across 27 states and 7 Union Territories
National identified as "vulnerable" to child marriage in 2023-24.
Commission for - Uttar Pradesh has over 5 lakh vulnerable children, Assam has 1.5 lakh,
NCPCR Report
Protection of Child and Madhya Pradesh has nearly 1 lakh.
Rights (NCPCR) - Lakshadweep and Andaman & Nicobar Islands reported no children
vulnerable to child marriage.
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Report Name Submitted By Key Notes
- India is on track to become the third-largest economy by 2028.
- Global electricity demand projected to double by 2050, largely driven by
World Energy Outlook (WEO International Energy
China's energy transition.
2024) Agency
- India's GDP expected to grow 7.8% in 2024; CO2 emissions projected at
2.5 billion tonnes by 2035, 25% below the STEPS level.
- UPI transactions grew 52% YoY in 1H 2024, reaching 78.97 billion
transactions.
- Transaction value rose by 40%, from Rs 83.16 trillion to Rs 116.63 trillion.
India Digital Payments Report
Worldline - PhonePe, Google Pay, and Paytm account for 94.83% of transaction
for 1H 2024
volume.
- 1.451 billion cards in circulation as of June 2024, led by SBI, Bank of
Baroda, and HDFC Bank.
October 2024 World Economic - India's GDP growth forecast retained at 7% for FY25 and 6.5% for FY26.
International
Outlook (WEO): Policy Pivot, - Global growth stable at 3.2% in 2024 and 2025.
Monetary Fund
Rising Threats - India's headline inflation projected at 4.4% for FY25 and 4.1% for FY26.
• Why in the news?: India saw a 36% increase in employment, adding
17 million jobs from 2016-17 to 2022-23.
• Employment Growth: 36% increase, adding 17 million jobs.
• GDP Growth: Average annual growth of 6.5% from 2016-17 to 2022-
23.
• WPR: Increased by 9 percentage points (26%) from 2017 to 2023.
• Youth Unemployment: Declined from 17.8% in 2017-18 to 10% in
2022-23.
• Female Workforce Participation: Steady increase due to supportive
Employment in India Up by
policies.
36% : Center Reports
• Sectoral Employment: 45% of the workforce in agriculture, gradual
shift towards manufacturing & services.
• Manufacturing Growth: Factories with >100 workers grew by 11.8%
(FY18-FY22).
• Wage Growth: Rural wages at 6.9% CAGR, Urban wages at 6.1% CAGR
(FY15-FY22).
• Gig Economy Growth: Projected to employ 2.35 crore by 2029-30.
• Employment Elasticity: 1.11% increase in jobs for each 1% increase in
value-added.

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Previous Year Awards & Recognition Questions from All Bank ExamsQuestions
Q1. Which company has been recognized as the world's Objectives:
most sustainable aluminium producer in the 2024 S&P Highlight progress by States/UTs in promoting startups.
Global Corporate Sustainability Assessment (CSA) Foster competitiveness and proactive efforts.
rankings? (November 2024) Help States/UTs learn and replicate best practices.
(a) Hindalco Industries Limited Additional Resources: The exercise also released a National
(b) Alcoa Corporation Report, a Compendium of Best Practices, and individual State
(c) Norsk Hydro Reports to support entrepreneurial growth in India.
(d) Rusal
(e) Emirates Global Aluminium Q3. According to the latest Global Competitiveness
Ans.(a) Ranking by IMD, which of the following countries is not
Sol. Hindalco Industries Limited has been recognized as the ranked in the top 5 most competitive economies in the
world's most sustainable aluminium producer in the 2024 world in 2024?
S&P Global Corporate Sustainability Assessment (CSA) (a) Singapore
rankings, achieving a total score of 87 points. (b) Switzerland
Key Highlights: (c) Denmark
Score Improvement: Hindalco improved its score by 9 points (d) Ireland
from 2023, surpassing its closest competitor by 22 points. (e) China
ESG Excellence: The company excelled in key Environmental, Ans.(e)
Social, and Governance (ESG) areas, including climate Sol. China is not ranked in the top 5 most competitive
strategy, waste management, community engagement, and economies in the world in 2024.
resource consumption. Top 5 Economies in 2024:
Sustainability Initiatives: Hindalco has been lauded for 1. Singapore
climate action and emission reduction projects, such as a 100 2. Switzerland
MW carbon-free power project for its Odisha smelter. 3. Denmark
Global Recognition: Ranked in the 100th percentile for 4. Ireland
several ESG parameters, Hindalco demonstrates a strong 5. Hong Kong SAR
commitment to sustainability. India's Rank: India has improved its position in the Global
Competitiveness Index, ranking 39th in 2024, up from 43rd in
Q2. In the 4th edition of the Ranking of States on Support 2020.
to Startup Ecosystems, which state was recognized as the China's Position: Although China is recognized as a key
"Best Performer" in Category B (States and UTs with player in trade, investment, and innovation, it does not feature
population < 1 crore)? in the top 5 economies in 2024.
(a) Arunachal Pradesh Competitiveness Criteria: The ranking evaluates countries
(b) Himachal Pradesh based on four main factors: economic performance,
(c) Meghalaya government efficiency, business efficiency, and
(d) Nagaland infrastructure.
(e) Goa
Ans.(b) Q4. In the QS World University Rankings 2025, which of
Sol. Himachal Pradesh was recognized as the "Best the following institutes, other than IITs and IISc, were
Performer" in Category B for its support to the startup ranked among the top 11 from India?
ecosystem. (a) University of Delhi
Ranking Overview: The 4th edition of the ranking, conducted (b) Anna University
by the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal (c) Banaras Hindu University (BHU)
Trade (DPIIT) under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, (d) Both a & b
assessed 33 States and UTs. (e) Both b & c
Categories: States and UTs were divided into Category A Ans.(d)
(population >1 crore) and Category B (population <1 crore). Sol. In the QS World University Rankings 2025, both the
Purpose of Ranking: Part of the Start-up India initiative, University of Delhi (ranked 328) and Anna University
aimed at creating a robust startup ecosystem by nurturing (ranked 383) were included among the top 11 institutes from
innovation and fostering entrepreneurship. India, apart from the IITs and IISc.
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In the 2025 QS World University Rankings, Indian India’s Overall Score: India's overall SDG score increased
Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT-B) has achieved a from 66 (2020-21) to 71 (2023-24), showing significant
global rank of 118, a substantial improvement from its rank improvement.
of 149 in 2024. Top-Performing States: Uttarakhand and Kerala both scored
This marks a rise of 31 positions, demonstrating the 79, making them the joint top performers.
institute's progress in various parameters like academic Follow-Up Performers: Tamil Nadu scored 78, and Goa
reputation, employer reputation, faculty-student ratio, and scored 77, following the top performers.
research impact. Worst Performers: Bihar (57), Jharkhand (62), and Nagaland
IIT Bombay's consistent focus on innovation, research, and (63) ranked as the lowest among states in this year's index.
quality education has helped it strengthen its global standing.
The rankings also show an overall improvement for many Q7. According to the World Silver Survey 2024, which
Indian universities, with 61% of them advancing in position. Indian company has become the third-largest silver
producer globally and operates the second-largest silver-
Q5. In TIME magazine's 2024 list of the world's most producing mine? (April 2024)
influential companies (Released in May 2024), Reliance (a) Tata Steel
Industries has been placed in the Titans category. Which (b) Hindustan Zinc Limited
other Indian company has been placed in the same (c) Steel Authority of India Limited
category alongside Reliance? (d) NMDC Limited
(a) Adani Group (e) JSW Steel
(b) Wipro Ans.(b)
(c) Infosys Sol. Hindustan Zinc Limited (HZL), a unit of the Vedanta
(d) Tata Group group, has become the third-largest silver producer
(e) Serum Institute of India globally, as per the World Silver Survey 2024.
Ans.(d) Key Highlights:
Sol. In TIME magazine's 2024 list of the world's most Global Ranking: Hindustan Zinc Limited is now the third-
influential companies, Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) largest silver producer in the world.
and the Tata Group have both been placed in the Titans Sindesar Khurd Mine: The Sindesar Khurd Mine, operated
category. by HZL, is the second-largest silver-producing mine globally,
This annual list highlights companies making a significant moving up from fourth place last year.
impact globally, and both Reliance and Tata have been Record Silver Production: HZL produced 746 tonnes of
recognized for their large-scale influence and leadership in silver, achieving a 5% year-on-year growth in production,
various sectors. driven by increased ore extraction and enhanced grades.
Meanwhile, the Serum Institute of India has been
categorized under Pioneers for its innovative contributions Q8. The Global Risk Report, which highlights the major
to the healthcare industry. global risks expected to impact the world over the coming
years, is released by which organization?
Q6. Which states have emerged as the top performer (a) International Monetary Fund (IMF)
states in NITI Aayog's SDG India Index 2023-24, reflecting (b) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
substantial progress in social, economic, and (c) World Economic Forum (WEF)
environmental parameters? (July 2024) (d) World Bank
(a) Uttarakhand and Kerala (e) Organisation for Economic Co-operation and
(b) Karnataka and Gujarat Development (OECD)
(c) Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra Ans.(c)
(d) Punjab and Haryana Sol. The Global Risk Report 2024 is released by the World
(e) Rajasthan and Goa Economic Forum (WEF).
Ans.(a) Objective: The report aims to identify, assess, and analyze the
Sol. Uttarakhand and Kerala have emerged as the top most significant global risks expected to affect the world in
performer states in NITI Aayog's SDG India Index 2023-24. the short term (2 years) and the long term (10 years). It
Details- focuses on economic, environmental, geopolitical, societal,
Index Overview: The SDG India Index evaluates states and and technological risks.
union territories based on their progress toward Sustainable Key Focus Areas of the 2024 Report:
Development Goals across social, economic, and Economic: Rising inflation, energy crises, and global debt
environmental factors. burdens.
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 Ranks and Reports Capsule for SBI Clerk Mains 2025
Environmental: Climate change, biodiversity loss, and Significance: The report is used by policymakers, business
extreme weather events. leaders, and international organizations to anticipate and
Geopolitical: Tensions between major powers, conflicts, and mitigate global risks. It provides valuable insights for
rising protectionism. decision-makers to prioritize strategic planning and resource
allocation in preparation for potential crises.
Societal: Social unrest, pandemics, and healthcare system
Recent Findings: The 2024 report highlights the increasing
disruptions.
convergence of environmental and geopolitical risks,
Technological: Cybersecurity threats, misuse of digital stressing the need for collaboration on global challenges such
technology, and the impact of AI. as climate change, cybersecurity, and economic instability.

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