CHEMISTRY SCHEME
UNIT TEST 1 – TERM 4
Year 10
Date: 15 April 2025
Part I – Multiple Choice Questions
1 Explain why distilled water is used in experiments instead of tap water.
- contains less impurities that could interfere with results
2 Identify the correct reason for water treatment processes (e.g., filtration, chlorination,
etc).
- filtration to remove dirt
- chlorination to remove bacteria
- coagulation, add chemicals to form clumps of dirt
- flocculation, forms flocs (larger clumps of dirt)
3 Describe color changes when water is added to anhydrous salts.
- Anhydrous copper(ii) sulfate : white to blue (when water is present)
- Anhydrous cobalt(ii) chloride : blue to pink (when water is present)
4 State the purpose of fluoride compounds in water treatment.
- Prevent tooth decay
5 Identify the correct order of abundance of gases in the air.
- Nitrogen → Oxygen → Argon → Co2 → other gases
6 Identify an air pollutant that does not affect respiration.
- Lead (affects nervous system)
7 Explain why carbon monoxide is considered an air pollutant.
- toxic gas that can bind to hemoglobin
- indirectly effects global warming (makes greenhouse gases last longer)
8 Identify gases that increase in poorly ventilated animal shelters.
- Methane & Ammonia
9 Identify a gas not found in clean air.
- Sulfur dioxide
10 Explain how CO₂ and CH₄ contribute to global warming.
- At as a greenhouse gas and trap heat in the earth’s atmosphere
11 Identify a process that produces methane.
- Anaerobic decomposition
- Fossil fuel extraction
- livestock farming (feces)
- rice cultivation
12 Identify a problem not caused by acid rain.
- climate change
13 Identify elements present in NPK fertilizers.
- Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium (NPK)
14 Identify compounds that can be used to make NPK fertilizers.
- Ammonium nitrate
- Superphosphate
- Potassium chloride
15 Identify a compound that contains N, P, and K.
- any compounds that contain nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus
- example : Ammonium phosphate, Potassium nitrate
Part II – Structured Questions
No. Indicator
1(a) Identify the processes in the water cycle. (DEPENDS ON DIAGRAM GIVEN, THIS IS
JUST A GENERAL GUESS)
- Evaporation, condensation, precipitation, infiltration (surface water soaks into
ground), runoff
-
1(b)(i–iv) Explain water treatment steps (chlorination, sterilization, fluoridation, removing
odor).
- chlorination is the step of adding chlorine to kill bacteria and microorganisms
- sterilization is the general process of killing microbes
- Fluoridation is the step of adding fluoride to prevent dental decay
- add carbon (remove odor)
1(c)(i–ii) State uses of water in the home and industry.
- Home : Bathing, cleaning dishes, washing clothes, etc
- Industry : Washing machinery, cooling machinery, as a solvent, move turbines, etc
2(a) Name gases that make up clean, dry air.
- Nitrogen, Oxygen, Argon, co2
2(b) Describe how to separate gases of the air.
- By liquefying the air
- or by fractional distillation (utilizes the gasses having different boiling points)
2(c)(i) State the main source of sulfur dioxide.
- burning fossil fuels
2(c)(ii) Explain how SO₂ causes acid rain.
- Sulfur dioxide dissolves and reacts with water
2(c)(iii) Write the balanced equation: sulfuric acid + calcium carbonate.
- H2SO4 + CaCO3 → CaSO4 + Co2 + H2O
2(c)(iv) State one disadvantage of using leaded petrol.
- Damage the nervous system
3(a) Write the word equation for respiration.
- Glucose + Oxygen → Co2 + Water + Energy
3(b) Name processes that release CO₂ in the carbon cycle.
- Respiration, combustion of fossil fuels, decomposition
3(c) Name greenhouse gases
- Co2, Methane, Nitrous oxide, water vapour, ozone
3(d) Explain how fossil fuel combustion contributes to global warming.
- Fossil fuel combustions releases co2, which traps heat inside the
atmosphere through the greenhouse effect
3(e) Explain why carbon monoxide is harmful.
- Carbon monoxide prevents oxygen from binding to hemoglobin,
leading to oxygen deprivation
3(f) Suggest two ways to reduce greenhouse gases.
- Use renewable energy sources
- reduce car emissions
- use electric cars
- reduce burning of fossil fuels
- etc.
4(a–j) Identify gases based on given characteristics (10 properties, 11
gases). (USED CHATGPT, MAY NOT BE ACCURATE)
Colorless gas that turns limewater milky: Carbon dioxide
Pungent smell, turns red litmus blue: Ammonia
Pop sound with a flame: Hydrogen
Relights a glowing splint: Oxygen
Greenish-yellow gas with choking smell: Chlorine
Supports combustion, not flammable: Oxygen
Does not support combustion or burn: Nitrogen
Heavier than air, extinguishes flame: Carbon dioxide
Colorless, poisonous gas from car exhausts: Carbon monoxide
Burns with a blue flame: Methane
5(a) List the 3 primary macronutrients in fertilizers.
- Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium
5(b) State one essential role for each macronutrient in plant growth.
- Nitrogen, promotes leaf and stem growth and is important for production of
chlorophyll
- Phosphorus, supports root development and flower/fruit formation, helps store and
transfer energy
- Potassium, regulates water balance, improves disease resistance, activates
enzymes
