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PHY Chp02 Electric Potential

Electric potential (V) is the electric potential energy per unit charge at a point in an electric field, expressed as V = U / q, with units in volts (1 V = 1 J/C). Electric potential difference (ΔV) is the work done in moving a unit charge between two points, given by ΔV = WAB / q, also measured in volts. Electric potential energy (U) is the energy a charge has due to its position in an electric field, calculated as U = qV, measured in joules.

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9 views

PHY Chp02 Electric Potential

Electric potential (V) is the electric potential energy per unit charge at a point in an electric field, expressed as V = U / q, with units in volts (1 V = 1 J/C). Electric potential difference (ΔV) is the work done in moving a unit charge between two points, given by ΔV = WAB / q, also measured in volts. Electric potential energy (U) is the energy a charge has due to its position in an electric field, calculated as U = qV, measured in joules.

Uploaded by

shafiq rehman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Define Electric Potential, Potential difference and Electric Potential Energy with mathematical form
and unit.
Ans:
Electric Potential (V):
Definition: Electric potential at a point is the electric potential energy per unit charge at that point in an
electric field.
Mathematical Form: V= U / q
where:
• V is the electric potential.
• U is the electric potential energy.
• q is the charge.
Unit: Volt (V)
1 Volt = 1 Joule / 1 Coulomb (1V=1J / 1C)
Electric Potential Difference (ΔV):
Definition: Electric potential difference between two points is the work done in moving a unit positive
charge from one point to the other.
Mathematical Form: ΔV=VB−VA = WAB / q
where:
• ΔV is the electric potential difference.
• VB is the electric potential at point B.
• VA is the electric potential at point A.
• WAB is the work done in moving the charge from point A to point B.
• q is the charge.
Unit: Volt (V)
1 Volt = 1 Joule / 1 Coulomb (1V = 1J / 1C)

Electric Potential Energy (U):


Definition: Electric potential energy is the energy a charge possesses due to its position in an electric
field.
Mathematical Form: U= q V
where:
• U is the electric potential energy.
• q is the charge.
• V is the electric potential.
Unit: Joule (J)
1 Joule = 1 Coulomb × 1 Volt ( 1J = 1C⋅V )
1. Differentiate between electric potential and potential difference.

Electric Potential (V) Potential Difference (ΔV)


Definition: The amount of electric potential energy Definition: The work done in moving a unit positive
per unit charge at a specific point in an electric field. charge from one point to another in an electric field.
Symbol: V Symbol: ΔV
Formula: V=U / q Formula: ΔV=VB−VA = WAB / q
Units: Volt (V) Units: Volt (V)
Unit Expression: 1 Volt = 1 Joule per Coulomb (1 V Unit Expression: 1 Volt = 1 Joule per Coulomb (1 V = 1
= 1 J/C) J/C)
Reference Point: Measured relative to a common Measurement: Measured between two specific points in
reference point, typically ground or zero potential. an electric field.
Context: Describes the potential energy available to a Context: Describes the energy difference experienced by
charge at a single point in the field. a charge moving between two points.
Key Point: Indicates the potential energy per unit Key Point: Indicates the difference in electric potential
charge at a specific location. energy per unit charge between two locations.
Examples: Electric potential at a point near a charged Examples: Voltage across a resistor or between two
object. terminals of a battery.

2. Differentiate between electric potential and electric potential energy.

Electric Potential (V) Electric Potential Energy (U)


Definition: The amount of electric potential energy Definition: The energy a charge possesses due to its
per unit charge at a specific point in an electric field. position in an electric field.
Symbol: V Symbol: U
Formula: V= U / q Formula: U=qV
Units: Volt (V) Units: Joule (J)
Unit Expression: 1 Volt = 1 Joule per Coulomb (1 V Unit Expression: 1 Joule = 1 Coulomb × 1 Volt (1 J = 1
= 1 J/C) C·V)
Nature: Scalar quantity Nature: Scalar quantity
Reference Point: Measured relative to a common Dependence: Depends on both the charge and the
reference point, typically ground or zero potential. electric potential at the point.
Context: Describes the potential energy available to a Context: Describes the total energy possessed by a
unit charge at a specific location in the electric field. charge due to its position in the electric field.
Key Point: Indicates the potential energy per unit Key Point: Indicates the total potential energy of a
charge at a specific location. specific charge at a specific location.
Examples: Electric potential at a point near a charged Examples: Energy of a charge in an electric field, such
object or within a circuit. as a charge near a charged plate or within a capacitor.

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