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Li-Ion Battery Charger Circuit Using IC 555 - Instructables

The document describes a Li-Ion battery charger circuit using the IC 555, which ensures safe charging by monitoring voltage thresholds to prevent overcharging. The circuit utilizes pins on the IC 555 to detect low and high voltage levels, activating or deactivating the charging process accordingly. Key settings for the circuit include adjusting presets to correspond with the battery's voltage limits, ensuring efficient and safe charging operations.

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257 views2 pages

Li-Ion Battery Charger Circuit Using IC 555 - Instructables

The document describes a Li-Ion battery charger circuit using the IC 555, which ensures safe charging by monitoring voltage thresholds to prevent overcharging. The circuit utilizes pins on the IC 555 to detect low and high voltage levels, activating or deactivating the charging process accordingly. Key settings for the circuit include adjusting presets to correspond with the battery's voltage limits, ensuring efficient and safe charging operations.

Uploaded by

dellco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Li-Ion Battery Charger Circuit Using IC 555

By AhsanQureshi in CircuitsElectronics

Introduction: Li-Ion Battery Charger Circuit Using IC 555

The following post explains a straightforward yet precise Li-Ion battery charger circuit using the
ubiquitous IC 555.

A Li-ion battery as we all know needs to be charged under controlled conditions, if it's charged with
ordinary means could lead to damage or even explosion of the battery.

Basically Li-ion batteries don't like over charging their cells. Once the cells reach the upper
threshold, the charging voltage should be cut off.

The following Li-Ion battery charger circuit very efficiently follows the above conditions such that
the connected battery is never allowed to exceed its over charge limit.

When the IC 555 is used as a comparator, its pin#2 and pin#6 become effective sensing inputs for
detecting the lower and the upper voltage threshold limits depending upon the setting of the
relevant presets.

Pin#2 monitors the low voltage threshold level, and triggers the output to a high logic in case the
level drops below the set limit.
Conversely, pin#6 monitors the upper voltage threshold and reverts the output to low on detecting
a voltage level higher than the set high detection limit.

Basically the upper cut off and lower switch ON actions must be set with the help of the relevant
presets satisfying the standard specs of the IC as well as the connected battery.

The preset concerning pin#2 must be set such that the lower limit corresponds to 1/3rd of the Vcc,
and similarly preset associated with pin#6 must be set such that the upper cut off limit
corresponds to 2/3rd of Vcc, as per the standard rules of the IC 555.

The entire functioning of the proposed Li-Ion charger circuit using IC 555 takes place as explained
in the following discussion:

Let's Assume a fully discharged li-ion battery (at around 3.4V) is connected at the output of the
below shown circuit.

Assuming the lower threshold to be set somewhere above the 3.4V level, pin#2 immediately
senses the low voltage situation and pulls the output high at pin#3.

The high at pin#3 activates the transistor which switches ON the input power to the connected
battery.

The battery now gradually begins charging.

As soon as the battery reaches full charge (@4.2V), assuming the upper cut off threshold at pin#6
to be set at around 4.2v, the level is sensed at pin#6 which immediately reverts the output to low.

The low output instantly switches off the transistor which means the charging input is now
inhibited or cut off to the battery.

The inclusion of a transistor stage provides the facility of charging higher current Li-Ion cells also.

The transformer must be selected with voltage not exceeding 6V, and current rating 1/5th of
battery AH rating.

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