Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

1. Two identical spherical conductors X and Y are mounted on insulated stands. X carries a charge of +8.0
nC and Y carries a charge of –2.0 nC.

+8.0nC –2.0nC

conductor X insulated stands conductor Y

The two conductors are brought into contact and are then separated. Which of the following gives the
charge on each conductor?

Charge on X Charge on Y

A. 0.0 nC 0.0 nC

B. +8.0 nC –2.0 nC

C. +5.0 nC +5.0 nC

D. +3.0 nC +3.0 nC
(1)

2. The diagram below shows a positively charged rod brought near an isolated uncharged metal plate.

+ + ++

rod + + ++

plate

As a result of bringing the rod near to the plate,

A. the metal plate will gain a charge dependent on the separation of the rod and the plate.

B. the metal plate will remain uncharged.

C. the metal plate will gain a negative charge.

D. the metal plate will gain a positive charge.

(1)

3. An isolated, uncharged metal conductor is brought close to a positively charged insulator.

++++
++++
insulating handle
insulator
conductor

1
 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

The conductor is earthed (grounded) for a short time and then the insulator is removed.

Which of the following best represents the charge distribution on the surface of the conductor as a result
of these actions?
A. B. ——
—
— — —
— — —
—
— — —
— —
—

C. D.

(1)

4. X and Y are two identical conducting spheres separated by a distance d. X has a charge +6 μC and Y has
a charge –2 μC. The electric force between them is + F (ie attractive). The spheres are touched together
and are then returned to their original separation d. The force between them now is

F F
A. +F. B. –F. C.  . D.  .
3 3
(1)

5. Three equal point charges X, Y and Z are fixed in the positions shown.
Z q3

1.0 m

X 90
1.0 m Y
q1 q2

The distance between q1 and q2 and the distance between q2 and q3 is 1.0 m. The electric force between
the charges at X and Y is F. The electric force between the charges at X and Z is

F F
A. . B. . C. F. D. 2F.
2 2
(1)

6. The electric field strength at a point may be defined as

A. the force exerted on unit positive charge placed at that point.

B. the force per unit positive charge on a small test charge placed at that point.

C. the work done on unit positive charge to move the charge to that point from infinity.

D. the work done per unit positive charge to move a small test charge to that point from infinity.
(1)

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 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

7. Two positive point charges P and Q are held a certain distance apart.

X P Y Q Z
+ +

At which point(s) could the electric field strength, due to the charges, be zero?

A. X only

B. Y only

C. Z only

D. X and Z only
(1)

8. Two point charges of magnitude +2Q and −Q are fixed at the positions shown below. At which point is
the electric field due to the two charges most likely to be zero?

+2Q –Q

A. B. C. D.
(1)

9. The diagram below shows two parallel conducting plates that are oppositely charged.
+ + + + +
X

Y
– – – – –

The line XY is perpendicular to the plates.

Which of the following diagrams shows the variation along the line XY of the magnitude E of the electric
field strength between the plates?
A. B.
E E

X Y distance X Y distance

C. D.
E E

X Y distance X Y distance

(1)

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 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

10. In the circuit below, n charge carriers pass the point P in a time t. Each charge carrier has charge q.

The current in the circuit is given by the expression

q nq qt
A. . B. . C. . D. nqt.
t t n
(1)

11. The drift velocity of the electrons in a copper wire in which there is an electric current is

A. equal to the speed of light.

B. close to that of the speed of light.

C. of the order of a few kilometres per second.

D. of the order of a few millimetres per second.

(1)

12. Which one of the following is a correct definition of electric potential difference between two points?

A. The power to move a small positive charge between the two points.

B. The work done to move a small positive charge between the two points.

C. The power per unit charge to move a small positive charge between the two points.

D. The work done per unit charge to move a small positive charge between the two points.
(1)

13. The electron volt is defined as

A. a unit of energy exactly equal to 1.6 × 10–19 J.

1
B. a fraction of the ionization energy of atomic hydrogen.
13.6

C. the energy gained by an electron when it moves through a potential difference of 1.0 V.

D. the energy transfer when 1.0 C of charge moves through a potential difference of 1.0 V.
(1)

14. Which of the following is the correct value of the electronvolt, measured in SI Units?

A. 1.6 × 10–19 N B. 1.6 × 10–19 J

C. 9.1 × 10–31 N D. 9.1 × 10–31 J

(1)

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 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

15. The graph below shows the current/voltage characteristics of a filament lamp.

The resistance of the filament at 4.0 V is

A. 250 Ω. B.4 000 Ω. C. 8 000 Ω. D. 64 000 Ω.

(1)

16. The graph below shows the variation with voltage V of the current I in three resistors X, Y and Z.

I
X

0
0 V

Which of the following corresponds to resistors for which the resistance increases with increasing
current?

A. X only B. Z only C. X and Z D. Y and Z

(1)

17. Which of the following is a correct statement of Ohm’s law?

A. The resistance of a conductor is always constant.

B. The current in a conductor is always proportional to the potential difference across the conductor.

C. The resistance of a conductor increases with increasing temperature.

D. The resistance of a conductor is constant only if the temperature of the conductor is constant.
(1)

18. The element of an electric heater has a resistance R when in operation. What is the resistance of a second
heater that has a power output three times as large at the same operating voltage?

R R
A. B.
9 3

C. 3R D. 9R
(1)

5
 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

19. In the two circuits X and Y below, each cell has an emf E and negligible internal resistance. Each resistor
has a resistance R.
circuit X circuit Y

E E

R
R

The power dissipated in circuit X is P.

The best estimate for the power dissipated in circuit Y is

P P
A. . B. . C. 2P. D. 4P.
4 2
(1)

20. In the circuit shown below, the cell has negligible internal resistance.
2R

I3 I1
R

I2

Which of the following equations is correct?

A. I1 = 2I2 B. I1 = 2I3

C. I2 = 2I3 D. I3 = 2I1
(1)

21. The resistors in each of the circuits shown below each have the same resistance.

circuit P circuit Q circuit S

Which of the following gives the circuits in order of increasing total resistance?

A. P Q S

B. Q P S

C. S Q P

D. P S Q
(1)
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 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

22. In the circuit below, which meter is not correctly connected?

1
A

3
V

2
A

4
V

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4
(1)

23. A battery is connected in series with a resistor R. The battery transfers 2 000 C of charge completely
round the circuit. During this process, 2 500 J of energy is dissipated in the resistor R and 1 500 J is
expended in the battery.

The emf of the battery is

A. 2.00 V.

B. 1.25 V.

C. 0.75 V.

D. 0.50 V.
(1)

24. In the circuit shown, the voltmeter has a resistance of 20 kΩ and the battery has an emf of 6.0 V and
negligible internal resistance.
6.0 V

10 k 20 k

V
20 k

The reading on the voltmeter is

A. 2.0 V.

B. 3.0 V.

C. 4.0 V.

D. 6.0 V.
(1)
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 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

25. In which one of the circuits is it possible to vary the current in the lamp by adjusting the variable resistor?
The cell has negligible internal resistance.

A. B.

C. D.

(1)

26. A resistor of resistance 1.0  is connected in series with a battery. The current in the circuit is 2.0 A.
The resistor is now replaced by a resistor of resistance of 4.0 . The current in this circuit is 1.0 A.

2.0 A   A

1.0  4.0 

The best estimate for the internal resistance of the battery is

A. 1.0 . B. 2.0 . C. 4.0 . D. 5.0 .

(1)

27. In the circuit below, resistors X, Y and Z are connected in series with a 9.0 V supply.

0 +9.0 V

3000  3000 

X Y Z

Resistors X and Z are fixed resistors of resistance 3000 . The resistance of resistor Y may be varied
between zero and 3000 .

Which of the following gives the maximum range of potential difference V across the resistors X and Y?

A. 0 to 6.0 V B. 3.0 V to 6.0 V C. 4.5 V to 6.0 V D. 4.5 V to 9.0 V

(1)
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 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

28. The Earth’s magnetic field may be compared with that of a bar magnet.

Which of the following diagrams correctly shows the orientation of the bar magnet in this model?
A. geographical north pole B. geographical north pole

S N

N S

C. geographical north pole D. geographical north pole

N S

S N

(1)

29. A current-carrying solenoid is placed with its axis pointing east-west as shown below. A small compass is
situated near one end of the solenoid.

W E axis of
solenoid

The axis of the needle of the compass is approximately 45°to the axis of the solenoid. The current in the
solenoid is then doubled. Which of the following diagrams best shows the new position of the compass
needle?
A. B.
W E W E

C. D.
W E W E

(1)

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 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

30. A long, straight current-carrying wire is placed normal to the plane of the page. The current in the wire is
into the plane of the page.

Which of the following diagrams best represents the magnetic field around the wire?

A. B.

C. D.

(1)

31. Two long, vertical wires X and Y carry currents in the same direction and pass through a horizontal sheet
of card.

X Y

Iron filings are scattered on the card. Which one of the following diagrams best shows the pattern formed
by the iron filings? (The dots show where the wires X and Y enter the card.)
A. B.

C. D.

(1)

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 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

32. A strip of aluminium foil is held between the poles of a strong magnet, as shown below.

direction of current magnet

aluminium foil

When a current is passed through the aluminium foil in the direction shown, the foil is deflected. In
which direction is this deflection?

A. Vertically downwards

B. Vertically upwards

C. Towards the North pole of the magnet

D. Towards the South pole of the magnet

(1)

33. A magnetic force acts on an electric charge in a magnetic field when

A. the charge is not moving.

B. the charge moves in the direction of the magnetic field.

C. the charge moves in the opposite direction to the magnetic field.

D. the charge moves at right angles to the lines of the magnetic field.
(1)

34. The diagram below shows a charged particle about to enter a region of uniform magnetic field directed
into the page.

charged particle
magnetic field

Which of the following correctly describes the change, if any, in the kinetic energy and the momentum of
the particle in the magnetic field?

Kinetic energy Momentum

A. Changed Changed

B. Changed Unchanged

C. Unchanged Changed

D. Unchanged Unchanged
(1)
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 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

35. The currents in two parallel wires are I and 3I in the directions shown in the diagram below.
wire 1 wire 2

I 3I

The magnetic force on wire 2 due to the current in wire 1 is F. The magnitude of the force on wire 1 due
to the current in wire 2 is

F F
A. . B. . C. F. D. 3F.
3 2
(1)

36. The diagram below shows three parallel wires P, Q and R that are equally spaced.

I I I

wire P wire Q wire R

The currents in the wires are each of the same magnitude I and are in the directions shown. The resultant
force on wire Q due to the current in wire P and in wire R is

A. perpendicular and into the plane of the paper.

B. perpendicular and out of the plane of the paper.

C. in the plane of the paper to the right.

D. in the plane of the paper to the left.

(1)

37. A straight conductor is in the plane of a uniform magnetic field as shown.

current I

magnetic field

The current in the conductor is I and the conductor is at an angle θ to the magnetic field.
The force per unit length on the conductor due to the current in the magnetic field is P.
Which is the correct expression for the magnitude of the magnetic field strength?

P sin  P cos P P
A. B. C. D.
I I I sin  I cos
(1)

12
 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

38. A positively charged particle enters a region of uniform magnetic field. The direction of the particle’s
velocity is parallel to the direction of the magnetic field as shown in the diagram below.

region of uniform magnetic field

charged particle

Which of the following diagrams correctly shows the path of the charged particle while in the region of
magnetic field?
A. B.

C. D.

(1)

39. An electron is travelling in the direction shown and enters a region of uniform magnetic field.

direction of travel of
the electron direction of region of uniform
e– magnetic field magnetic field

On entering the field the direction of the force acting on the electron is

A. into the plane of the paper.

B. out of the plane of the paper.

C. towards the top of the page.

D. towards the bottom of the page.

(1)

Short answer questions.

40. This question is about electric charge at rest.

(a) Define electric field strength at a point in an electric field.

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................
(2)
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 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

Four point charges of equal magnitude, are held at the corners of a square as shown below.

2a
+Q +Q

P 2a

–Q –Q

The length of each side of the square is 2a and the sign of the charges is as shown. The point P is at the
centre of the square.

(b) (i) Deduce that the magnitude of the electric field strength at point P due to one of the point
kQ
charges is equal to .
2a 2

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(2)

(ii) On the diagram above, draw an arrow to represent the direction of the resultant electric field
at point P.
(1)

(iii) Determine, in terms of Q, a and k, the magnitude of the electric field strength at point P.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(3)
(Total 8 marks)

41. This question is about aspects of electric fields and electric charge.

Fields and electric charge associated with atoms

(a) Define electric field strength.

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................
(2)

(b) A proton may be considered to be a point charge. For such a proton

14
 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

(i) sketch the electric field pattern.

(2)

(ii) calculate the magnitude of the electric field strength at a distance of 5.0×10–11 m from the
proton.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(2)

(c) In a simple model of the hydrogen atom, an electron orbits the proton. Both electron and proton are
regarded as point charges. The orbital radius of the electron is 5.0×10–11 m.

(i) Using your answer to (b)(ii) deduce that the magnitude of the electric force between the
electron and the proton is 9.3×10–8N.

...........................................................................................................................
(1)

(ii) Deduce that the kinetic energy of the electron is 2.3×10–18 J.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(3)

(iii) The total energy of the electron is –14 eV. Determine the potential energy of the electron in
electron volt.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(3)

15
 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

Fields and electric charge in conductors

(d) Describe the concept of drift velocity as applied to the conduction electrons in a conductor.

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................
(4)

(e) Define electromotive force (e.m.f.).

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................
(1)

(f) A filament lamp is operating at normal brightness.

The potential difference across the lamp is 6.0 V. The current in the filament is 0.20 A.
For the filament of this lamp, calculate

(i) the resistance.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(1)

(ii) the power dissipated.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(1)

(g) The lamp in (f) is connected in the circuit below. The lamp is still operating at normal brightness.

B
R

The battery B has an internal resistance of 5.0  and the resistance R of the resistor is 15 .

16
 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

(i) Calculate the current in the resistor R.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(1)

(ii) Determine the e.m.f. of the battery.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(4)
(Total 25 marks)

42. This question is about forces on charged particles in electric and magnetic fields.

The diagram shows two parallel plates situated in a vacuum. One plate is at a positive potential with
respect to the other.

Path of positively charged particle

A positively charged particle passes into the region between the plates. Initially, the particle is travelling
parallel to the plates.

(a) On the diagram,

(i) draw lines to represent the electric field between the plates.
(3)

(ii) show the path of the charged particle as it passes between, and beyond, the plates.
(2)

(b) An electron is accelerated from rest in a vacuum through a potential difference of 750 V.

(i) Determine the change in electric potential energy of the electron.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(2)
17
 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

(ii) Deduce that the final speed of the electron is 1.6 × 107 m s–1.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(2)

The diagram below shows a cross-section through a current-carrying solenoid. The current is moving into
the plane of the paper at the upper edge of the solenoid and out of the plane of the paper at the lower edge.
There is a vacuum in the solenoid.

Current into plane of paper

×××××××××××××××××××××××××××

Current out plane of paper

(c) (i) Sketch lines to represent the magnetic field inside and at each end of the solenoid.
(4)

(ii) A positively charged particle enters the solenoid along its axis. On the diagram, show the
path of the particle in the solenoid.
(1)

An electron is injected into a region of uniform magnetic field of flux density 4.0 mT. The velocity of the
electron is 1.6 × 107 m s–1 at an angle of 35°to the magnetic field, as shown below.

(d) (i) Determine the component of the velocity of the electron normal to the direction of the
magnetic field.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(2)

(ii) Describe, making calculations where appropriate, the motion of the electron due to this
component of the velocity.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(4)
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 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

(iii) Determine the component of the velocity of the electron along the direction of the magnetic
field.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(1)

(iv) State and explain the magnitude of the force on the electron due to this component of the
velocity.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(2)

(e) With reference to your answers in (d), describe the shape of the path of the electron in the magnetic
field. You may draw a diagram if you wish.

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 25 marks)

43. This question is about electric circuits.

Susan sets up the circuit below in order to measure the current-voltage (I-V) characteristic of a small
filament lamp.

3.0 V
V

The supply is a battery that has an emf of 3.0 V and the ammeter and voltmeter are considered to be ideal.
The lamp is labelled by the manufacturer as “3 Volts, 0.6 Watts”.

(a) (i) Explain what information this labelling provides about the normal operation of the lamp.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(2)

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 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

(ii) Calculate the current in the filament of the lamp when it is operating at normal brightness.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(2)

Susan sets the variable resistor to its maximum value of resistance. She then closes the switch S and
records the following readings.

Ammeter reading = 0.18 A Voltmeter reading = 0.60 V

She then sets the variable resistor to its zero value of resistance and records the following readings.

Ammeter reading = 0.20 A Voltmeter reading = 2.6 V

(b) (i) Explain why, by changing the value of the resistance of the variable resistance, the potential
difference across the lamp cannot be reduced to zero or be increased to 3.0 V.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(2)

(ii) Determine the internal resistance of the battery.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(3)

(c) Calculate the resistance of the filament when the reading on the voltmeter is

(i) 0.60 V.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(1)

(ii) 2.6 V.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(1)
20
 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

(d) Explain why there is a difference between your answers to (c)(i) and (c)(ii).

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................
(2)

(e) Using the axes below, draw a sketch-graph of the I-V characteristic of the filament of the
lamp. (Note: this is a sketch-graph; you do not need to add any values to the axes.)
I

0
0 V
(1)

The diagram below shows an alternative circuit for varying the potential difference across the lamp.

Y
3.0 V

The potential divider XZ has a potential of 3.0 V across it. When the contact is at the position Y, the
resistance of XY equals the resistance of YZ which equals 12 Ω. The resistance of the lamp is 4 Ω.

(f) Calculate the potential difference across the lamp.

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................
(4)
(Total 18 marks)

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 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

44. Electrical conduction

In a copper wire the number of conduction electrons is equal to the number of copper atoms in the wire.

(a) State what is meant by conduction electrons.

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................
(1)

(b) (i) The density of copper is 8.93 × 103 kg m–3 and its molar mass is 64 g. Deduce that the
number of moles of copper in a volume of 1.0 m3 is 1.4 × 105.

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................
(2)

(ii) Estimate the number of conduction electrons in 1.0 m3 of copper.

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................
(1)

(c) The diagram below shows some of the conduction electrons in a copper wire. The arrows represent
the random velocities of the electrons.

copper wire

Explain, by reference to the motion of the electrons, why there is no current in the wire.

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................
(2)

(d) An electric field is established inside the copper wire directed as shown in the diagram below. The
dots represent electrons. The random velocities of the electrons are not shown.

On the diagram below, draw an arrow to indicate the direction of the drift velocity of the electrons.

electric field

copper wire
(1)
22
 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

(e) A typical value for the electron drift velocity in a copper wire is 10–3 m s–1. In the circuit below,
the length of the copper wire joining the negative terminal of the battery to the lamp is 0.50 m.

0.50m

(i) The switch S is closed. Calculate the time it would take for an electron to move from the
negative terminal of the battery to the lamp.

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................
(1)

(ii) The lamp lights in a time much less than that calculated in (e)(i). Explain this observation.

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................
(2)

(iii) Discuss, in terms of the movement of the electrons, the energy transformations taking place
in the filament of the lamp.

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................
(4)
(Total 14 marks)
45. This question is about electric circuits.

(a) (i) Define emf and state Ohm’s law.

emf: ....................................................................................................

....................................................................................................

Ohm’s law: ....................................................................................................

....................................................................................................
(2)

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 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

(ii) The graph below shows the I-V characteristic of a particular electrical component.

0
0 I

State show the resistance of the component is determined from the graph.

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................
(1)

(b) In the circuit below an electrical device (load) is connected in series with a cell of emf 2.5 V and
internal resistance r. The current I in the circuit is 0.10 A.
e.m.f. = 2.5V

I = 0.10A

load

The power dissipated in the load is 0.23 W.

Calculate

(i) the total power of the cell;

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................
(1)

(ii) the resistance of the load;

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................
(2)

24
 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

(iii) the internal resistance r of the cell.

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................
(2)

(c) A second identical cell is connected into the circuit in (b) as shown below.

I = 0.15A

load

The current in this circuit is 0.15 A. Deduce that the load is a non-ohmic device.

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................
(4)
(Total 12 marks)

46. This question is about electrical resistance.

(a) A heating coil is to be made of wire of diameter 3.5 × 10–4 m. The heater is to dissipate 980 W
when connected to a 230 V d.c. supply. The material of the wire has resistivity
1.3 × 10–6 Ω m at the working temperature of the heater.

(i) Define electrical resistance.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(1)

(ii) Calculate the resistance of the heating coil at its normal working temperature.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(2)
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 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

(iii) Show that the length of wire needed to make the heating coil is approximately 4 m.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(2)

(b) Three identical electrical heaters each provide power P when connected separately to a supply S
which has zero internal resistance. On the diagram below, complete the circuit by drawing two
switches so that the power provided by the heaters may be either P or 2P or 3P.

(2)
(Total 7 marks)

47. (a) On the diagram below, draw the magnetic field pattern around a long straight current-carrying
conductor.

current-carrying wire

(3)

The diagram below shows a coil consisting of two loops of wire. The coil is suspended vertically.

0.20 cm

6.0 cm

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 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

Each loop has a diameter of 6.0 cm and the separation of the loops is 0.20 cm. The coil forms part of an
electrical circuit so that a current may be passed through the coil.

(b) (i) State and explain why, when the current is switched on in the coil, the distance between the
two loops changes.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(3)

When there is a current I in the coil, a mass of 0.10 g hung from the free end of the coil returns the
separation of the loops to the original value of 0.20 cm.

The circumference C of a circle of radius r is given by the expression

C = 2πr.

(ii) Calculate the current I in the coil. You may assume that each loop behaves as a long straight
current-carrying wire.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(5)
(Total 11 marks)

48. This question is about motion of a charged particle in a magnetic field.

A charged particle is projected from point X with speed v at right angles to a uniform magnetic field. The
magnetic field is directed out of the plane of the page. The particle moves along a circle of radius R and
centre C as shown in the diagram below.

region of magnetic field Y

out of plane of page

R C X
charged particle

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 Topic 5: Electricity and magnetism

(a) On the diagram above, draw arrows to represent the magnetic force on the particle at position X
and at position Y.
(1)

(b) State and explain whether

(i) the charge is positive or negative;

.........................................................................................................................
(1)

(ii) work is done by the magnetic force.

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................
(2)

v
(c) A second identical charged particle is projected at position X with a speed in a direction
2
opposite to that of the first particle. On the diagram above, draw the path followed by this particle.
(2)
(Total 6 marks)

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