en Gruppenstandard
Technical delivery conditions − Steel and iron
Case hardening steel 16MnCr5M6 S 135020
Especially suitable for cold extrusion / for hardenability
ICS 77.080.20; 77.140.20 2021-09-27
Descriptors: Delivery condition, steel, iron, case hardening steel, 16MnCr5M6, cold extrusion, hardenability
Technische Lieferbedingungen – Stahl und Eisen; Einsatzstahl 16MnCr5M6; Mit besonderer Eignung zum
Kaltfließpressen / zur Härtbarkeit
Deskriptoren: Lieferbedingung, Stahl, Eisen, Einsatzstahl, 16MnCr5M6, Kaltfließpressen, Härtbarkeit
Confidentiality external: Use for all suppliers
Previous editions
S 135020: 2020-03-20
Revisions
Compared to the 2020-03-20 edition, the following revisions have been made:
section 5: revised,
section 10: min. tensile strength / hardness for K +GKZ+K changed,
section 12: analysis revised,
section 16: values revised.
Page 1 - 7
Prepared by: Checked by: Approved by:
Ms. Kleinert, S. ST/HZA-CMWL Mr. Häring, W. ST/ZHZ-CMWL Dr. Dinkel, M. ST/SWE-CMW
Ms. Hoffmann, B. ST/HZA-MMS3
Standards collection 01
Section 1
© Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG, 2021
This document is to be treated confidentially. This document is a trade secret. It is given to the business partner in confidence and is protected by any applicable law. The
reproduction and utilization of this document as well as the communication of its contents to others without express authorization is prohibited. Offenders will be held liable for
the payment of damages. All rights reserved, especially in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.
In case of doubt, the German-language original should be consulted as the authoritative text.
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Scope of application
These delivery conditions specify the properties of case hardening steel 16MnCr5M6, especially suitable for cold
extrusion and for hardenability, for the delivery of semi-finished products.
1 Comparable with
DIN EN ISO 683-3 16MnCr5
2 Material number
≈ 1.7131
3 Quality group
Alloyed high-grade steel
4 Property group
Case hardening steel, cold extrusion quality.
5 Melting mode
At the discretion of the supplier
6 Casting mode
At the discretion of the supplier
7 Used for
Case-hardened engine components (extreme cold forming).
8 Standards for semi-finished products
Round bars, bright : S 130303
Wires, hot formed : S 130326
Wires, cold formed : S 130327
Cold extruded parts and slugs : acc. to drawing
9 As-delivered conditions
GKZ annealed to globular cementite
GKZ+K annealed to globular cementite, cold formed
GKZ+K+G annealed to globular cementite, cold formed, annealed
GKZ+K+GKZ+LG annealed to globular cementite, cold formed, annealed to globular cementite, skin passed
GKZ+LG annealed to globular cementite, lightly cold formed
GKZ+SH annealed to globular cementite, peeled
K+GKZ+K cold formed, annealed to globular cementite, cold formed
K+GKZ+K+SH cold formed, annealed to globular cementite, cold formed, peeled
K+GKZEW+K cold formed, annealed to globular cementite, extra mild, cold formed
N normalized
U untreated
U+SH untreated, peeled
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10 Mechanical properties
Mechanical properties GKZ, GKZ+K GKZ+K+G GKZ+LG K+GKZ+K, K+GKZEW+K
GKZ+SH K+GKZ+K+SH
Tensile strength Rm N/mm2 ≤ 450 610 - 770 ≤ 420 470 - 550 410 - 550 400 - 460
0,2 proof strength Rp0,2 N/mm2 ≤ 340 - ≤ 315 ≤ 350 - -
Elongation after fracture A5 % > 32 > 28 > 35 > 32 > 28 > 30
Vickers hardness HV 0,2 - - - - - -
Vickers hardness HV 10 ≤ 140 190 - 240 ≤ 132 148 - 172 128 - 172 125 - 144
Brinell hardness HBW ≤ 130 181 - 228 ≤ 125 140 - 163 122 - 163 119 - 137
2,5/187,5
Necking Z % > 60 > 55 > 63 > 60 > 60 > 60
Mechanical properties U, GKZ+K+
N
(continued) U+SH GKZ+LG
Tensile strength Rm N/mm2 460 - 575 ≤ 660 360 - 440
0,2 proof strength Rp0,2 N/mm2 ≤ 380 - -
Elongation after fracture A5 % > 30 - > 30
Vickers hardness HV 0,2 - - -
Vickers hardness HV 10 144 - 180 ≤ 205 113 - 137
Brinell hardness HBW 137 - 180 ≤ 195 107 - 130
2,5/187,5
Necking Z % - - -
11 Technological properties
Uniform and good cold formability with uniform strain-hardening tendency.
12 Chemical composition
Cast analysis a) % C Si Mn P S Cr Al b) Ti Ca Cu
from 0,17 0,06 1,10 0,95 0,020
to 0,18 0,08 1,20 0,025 0,015 1,00 0,080 0,0040 0,0030 0,40
a) We reserve the right to verify the values by means of product analysis.
In this case, specified values are the cast analysis to these delivery conditions ± half the permissible limit deviations for
product analysis to DIN EN ISO 683-3.
b) Acid-soluble Al content.
13 Deoxidation
Deoxidation must be such that a microstructure as per section 15 is obtained and the steel is free of structural
anomalies which result in soft spots during case hardening.
14 Microstructure
Secondary grain size: 6 to 9, evaluation by comparison with the standard diagrams for austenite grain size to
DIN EN ISO 643 or to ASTM E112 as applicable.
Austenite grain size: 5 or finer, assessment to DIN EN ISO 643 or ASTM E112 as applicable.
Austenitizing at 940 °C 1 h in oxidizing atmosphere, water quenching.
14.1 As-delivered condition GKZ
Globular cementite (diameter approx. 1 μm) across the entire cross section, lamellar pearlite area portion of total
cementite per visual field (magnification 1 000 : 1) is 5 percent max., substantially free from banding. Maximum
banding as per figure 2 of the reference series in Appendix A, magnification 100 : 1.
14.2 As-delivered condition GKZEW
Globular cementite, 100 % spheroidized, uniform grain size across the entire cross section, minimum banding.
Carbide size: value 2 to 3 as per SEP 1520 or CS4 to CS6 as per ASTM A892.
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14.3 As-delivered condition N
Uniform ferrite-pearlite structure across the entire cross section, max. banding figure 2 in accordance with
reference series in Appendix A, magnification 100 : 1.
15 Internal defects and degree of purity
15.1 Internal defects
15.1.1 Internal defects of semi-finished products
Free of macroscopic defects such as cracks, shrink holes, pores and macroscopic segregations.
Exception:
Profiles (round bars, flat bars, billets and similar),
- Porosity to S 266011-1, limit values see the following table:
Dimensions [mm] Range [mm] Single pore [µm] Distribution Strip width [mm]
≤ 50 0 0 - 0
> 50 ≤ 70 ±1 100 2E 0,5
> 70 ≤ 100 ±5 100 2E 0,5
> 100 ≤ 150 ± 10 % d 500 4F 3
> 150 ≤ 200 ± 20 % d 800 5F 5
> 200 ≤ 300 ± 25 % d 1 200 5F 7
> 300 ≤ 400 ± 25 % d 2 000 5G 9
> 400 ± 30 % d 3 000 5G 10
- For inline ultrasonic testing the following applies with regard to internal defects (pores, cracks, shrink holes,
non-metallic inclusions):
Diameter d < 100 mm: DSR max. 1 mm permissible.
Diameter 100 ≤ d ≤ 160 mm: DSR max. 3 mm permissible.
Diameter d > 160 mm: DSR max. 5 mm permissible.
Moreover, compliance with the limit values as per 15.3.1 (macroscopic non-metallic inclusions; ultrasonic
immersion test) must be ensured.
15.2 Microscopically determined degree of purity
Evaluation to DIN 50602 ASTM E45
Plate 1R
Sections, wires
Total index K Method A
Diameter
Oxides + sulfides A B C D
[mm]
≤8 K2 ≤ 8 2.0/1.0 1.5/0.5 0.0/0.0 1.0/0.5
> 8 ≤ 17 K3 ≤ 5 2.0/1.0 1.5/0.5 0.0/0.0 1.0/0.5
> 17 ≤ 35 K3 ≤ 8 2.0/1.0 1.5/0.5 0.0/0.0 1.0/0.5
> 35 ≤ 70 K4 ≤ 4 2.0/1.0 1.5/0.5 0.0/0.0 1.0/0.5
> 70 ≤ 140 K4 ≤ 5 2.0/1.0 1.5/0.5 0.0/0.0 1.0/0.5
> 140 K4 ≤ 8 2.0/1.0 1.5/0.5 0.0/0.0 1.0/0.5
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15.3 Macroscopic non-metallic inclusions
15.3.1 Ultrasonic immersion test
Bar with diameter [mm] max. defect index
≤ 35 10 mm/dm3
> 35 ≤ 70 14 mm/dm3
> 70 16 mm/dm3
Wire with diameter [mm] max. defect index
≤8 16 mm/dm3
> 8 ≤ 17 18 mm/dm3
> 17 20 mm/dm3
In all cases, no inclusion may exceed 5 mm in length.
Testing according to S 266012-1 (bar, straightened wire).
15.3.2 Alternative methods (subject to agreement)
Blue fracture test S 266012-3 Defect index max. 2,5 mm/dm2, no single inclusion may be larger
Blue fracture test to ISO 3763 than 2,5 mm x 0,25 mm.
Step-down test S 266012-4 Defect index max. 5,0 mm/m2, no single inclusion may be longer
than 2,5 mm.
Hardness fracture S 266012-5 No indication permissible.
test
16 Hardenability
Rockwell C hardness limits for testing hardenability in the end quenching test to DIN EN ISO 642:
Hardness in HRC
at a distance (in mm) from the quenched end of
Limits 1,5 3 5 7 9 11
maximum 45 44 41 38 33 30
minimum 42 40 36 31 27 25
The upper limit has been lowered in relation to the original span in accordance with DIN EN ISO 683-3, table 5, and
the scatter thus reduced to ⅔.
Austenitizing temperature: 870 °C ± 5 °C.
17 Prohibited and declarable substances
Compliance with our group standard S 132030-1.
18 Approval of base material supplier
The supplier must state the steel manufacturers used (steel mill and/or rolling mill) and obtain approval from the
units in charge.
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Other applicable standards, standards cited and documents
S 130303 Round bars, bright
S 130326 Wires, hot formed; For producing extruded parts
S 130327 Wires, cold formed; For production extruded parts
S 132030-1 Material Compliance, environmental protection, occupational health; Prohibited and
declarable substances; Raw materials, products, components, branded items,
purchased parts, mixtures of substances, chemicals, packaging
S 266011-1 Microscopic inspection of porosity in steels
S 266012-1 Ultrasonic testing of bar stock
S 266012-3 Blue fracture test
S 266012-4 Step-down test
S 266012-5 Hardness fracture test; Macroscopic inclusions
DIN 50602 Metallographic examination; Microscopic examination of special steels using standard
diagrams to assess the content of non-metallic inclusions
DIN EN ISO 642 Steel; Hardenability test by end quenching (Jominy test)
DIN EN ISO 643 Steels; Micrographic determination of the apparent grain size
DIN EN ISO 683-3 Heat-treatable steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels; Part 3: Case-hardening steels
DIN EN ISO 6506-1 Metallic materials; Brinell hardness test; Part 1: Test method
DIN EN ISO 6507-1 Metallic materials; Vickers hardness test; Part 1: Test method
DIN EN ISO 6508-1 Metallic materials; Rockwell hardness test; Part 1: Test method
DIN EN ISO 6892-1 Metallic materials; Tensile testing; Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
ISO 3763 Wrought steels; Macroscopic methods for assessing the content of non-metallic inclusions
ASTM A892 Standard Guide for Defining and Rating the Microstructure of High Carbon Bearing Steels
ASTM E45 Standard Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of Steel
ASTM E112 Standard Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
SEP 1520 Microscopic examination of carbide structure in steels by means of diagram series
Translated by:
Simone Kleinert, ST/HZA-CMWL
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Appendix A (normative) - Micrographs
Magnification 100 : 1
Figure 1 Figure 2
Figure 3 Figure 4
Figure 5 Figure 6
