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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

NOC25-CS57 (JAN-2025 25S)

PROGRAMMING IN JAVA
Assignment 02
TYPE OF QUESTION: MCQ
Number of questions: 10 Total marks: 10 × 1 = 10

QUESTION 1:

Consider the following object declaration statement

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

What does System.in stands for in the above declaration?

Any file storing data

Refers to the standard input stream, which is typically the keyboard by default.

Reference to scanner as an input device

It is a mouse as an input device

Correct Answer:

Refers to the standard input stream, which is typically the keyboard by default.

Detailed Solution:

System.in refers to the standard input device and the keyboard is treated as standard input device. Thus,
the code implies reading a data from keyboard.
Please refer to chapter 3 of book Joy With Java for a more detailed explaination.
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QUESTION 2:

What will be the output of the following Java program?

public class VarPrint {

int x = 30;
static int y = 20;

public static void main(String[] args) {

VarPrint t1 = new VarPrint();
t1.x = 88;
t1.y = 99;
int z1 = t1.x + t1.y;
VarPrint t2 = new VarPrint();
System.out.println(t2.x + " " + t2.y + " " + z1);
}
}

30 99 178

30 88 129

30 99 187

88 99 178

Correct Answer:

30 99 187

Detailed Solution:

If you perform any change for instance variable these changes won’t be reflected for the remaining
objects. Because for every object a separate copy of instance variable will be there. But if you do any
change to the static variable, that change will be reflected for all objects because a static instance
maintains a single copy in memory.
Please refer to chapter 3 of book Joy With Java for a more detailed explaination.
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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

QUESTION 3:

What will be the output of the following Java program?

public class ArgumenTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Test t = new Test();
t.start();
}

static class Test {

void start() {
int a = 4;
int b = 5;
System.out.print("" + 8 + 3 + "");
System.out.print(a + b);
System.out.print(" " + a + b + "");
System.out.print(foo() + a + b + " ");
System.out.println(a + b + foo());
}

String foo() {
return "foo";
}
}
}

9 7 7 foo34 34foo

839 45foo45 9foo

72 34 34 foo34 34foo

9 7 7 foo 7 7foo

Correct Answer:

839 45foo45 9foo

Detailed Solution:

Here, print() methods internally converts the data in its argument into a String object and then print the
composition. Here, + is the concatenation of different String representation.
Please refer to chapter 3 of book Joy With Java for a more detailed explaination.
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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

QUESTION 4:

What is encapsulation in object-oriented programming?

Hiding implementation details and exposing only functionality

The process of creating multiple objects in a program

Writing multiple methods in a single class

Using the this keyword to reference an object

Correct Answer:

Hiding implementation details and exposing only functionality

Detailed Solution:

Please refer to chapter 3 of book Joy With Java for a more detailed explaination.
Encapsulation is one of the fundamental principles of object-oriented programming. It involves bundling
the data (variables) and the methods (functions) that operate on the data into a single unit, typically a
class. By making certain data private and providing public methods to access or modify it, encapsulation
helps hide implementation details from the outside world while exposing only the required functionality.
This improves code modularity, security, and maintainability.
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QUESTION 5:

Which of the following is true about constructors in a class?

Constructors must have a return type.

Constructors are used to initialize objects.

A class can have only one constructor.

Constructors cannot be overloaded.

Correct Answer:

Constructors are used to initialize objects.

Detailed Solution:

A constructor is a special method in a class that is automatically called when an object of the class is
created. Its main purpose is to initialize the object's properties (variables). Unlike other methods,
constructors:
 Have the same name as the class.
 Do not have a return type, not even void. A class can have multiple constructors with different
parameter lists (constructor overloading) to allow flexibility in object creation.
Please refer book Joy with Java Chapter 3 for mored etailed explaination.
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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

QUESTION 6:

What does the this keyword in Java help to achieve?

Avoiding name space collision between instance variables and method parameters

Overloading methods in a class

Accessing private methods in another class

Creating multiple objects in a program

Correct Answer:

Avoiding name space collision between instance variables and method parameters

Detailed Solution:

The this keyword is used to refer to the current instance of a class. It is commonly used to resolve
ambiguity when instance variables and method parameters have the same name. For example:

class Example {
int value;

Example(int value) {
this.value = value; // Resolves name collision by referring to
the instance variable
}
}

Here, this.value refers to the instance variable, while value refers to the parameter of the constructor.
This avoids confusion and ensures the proper assignment of values.
Please refer book Joy with Java Chapter 3 for mored etailed explaination.
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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

QUESTION 7:

What is the correct signature of the main method in Java?

public void main(String args[])

public static void main(String args[])

void main(String[] args)

public static void main(String[] args)

Correct Answer:

public static void main(String[] args)

Detailed Solution:

The main method in Java must be declared as public static void main(String[] args) to be
recognized by the JVM as the entry point of the program. The public modifier allows the method to be
accessible from anywhere, static ensures it can be called without creating an instance of the class, and
String[] args is the parameter used for command-line arguments.
Note: Please refer book Joy with Java Chapter 3 for mored etailed explaination.
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QUESTION 8:

Which of the following is used to take runtime input in Java?

BufferedReader

Scanner

DataInputStream

All of the above

Correct Answer:

All of the above

Detailed Solution:

Java provides several ways to take runtime input:

BufferedReader: Reads text from the input stream efficiently.
Scanner: Parses primitive types and strings using regular expressions.
DataInputStream: Reads primitive data types and strings in a binary format. Each serves different
purposes based on requirements.
Note: Please refer book Joy with Java Chapter 3 for mored etailed explaination.
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Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

QUESTION 9:

Which method is used to format output in Java?

print()

println()

printf()

format()

Correct Answer:

printf()

Detailed Solution:

The printf() method is used in Java to produce formatted output. It follows the syntax of
System.out.printf(format, arguments) where the format specifies how the output should
appear. For example:

System.out.printf("%d %s", 5, "Apples");

prints "5 Apples".

Note: Please refer book Joy with Java Chapter 3 for mored etailed explaination.
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QUESTION 10:

Which Java class is primarily used to read input from the console?

Scanner

BufferedReader

Console

DataInputStream

Correct Answer:

Scanner

Detailed Solution:

The Scanner class is widely used to read input from the console in Java. It provides methods to parse
and read primitive types (e.g., nextInt(), nextDouble()) and strings (e.g., next(), nextLine()). It
is a versatile and easy-to-use class for input handling.
Note: Please refer to chapter 3 of book Joy With Java for a more detailed explaination.