BHAVAN’S B.P.

VIDYA MANDIR, NAGPUR

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2022-2023
SET XXX
(Value Points)
Std. : XII Max. Marks : 80
Subject : POLITICAL SCIENCE Time : 3 Hrs.

SECTION-A
(12 Marks)
Q. 1 d) Soviet Union disintegrated in 1992. (01)
Q. 2 d) c, b, a, e, d (01)
Q. 3 b) I, II & III (01)
Q. 4 a)South Korea (01)
Q. 5 d) Human Security (01)
Q. 6 c) Kamraj Plan (01)
Q. 7 a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A (01)
Q. 8 b) ) NITI Aayog does not ensure the spirit of Cooperative Federalism. (01)
Q. 9 d) 4 only (01)
Q. 10 d) I,III & IV (01)
Q. 11 c) III,IV,V,I,II (01)
Q. 12 c) A is true but R is false. (01)

SECTION-B (12 Marks)

Q. 13 American involvement in Central Asia has rapidly increased after the 9/11 (02)
Attacks. Give reasons.
After 11 September 2001, the US wanted military bases in the region and
paid the governments of all Central Asian states to hire bases and to allow
airplanes to fly over their territory during the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.

Q. 14 In what manner king abolished the little democracy that existed in Nepal (02)
in 2002 and what the major victory of SPA in the 2006?
In April 2006, there were massive, country wide, prodemocracy protests.
The struggling pro-democracy forces achieved their first major victory
when the king was forced to restore the House of Representatives that
had been dissolved in April 2002. The largely non-violent movement was
led by the Seven Party Alliance (SPA), the Maoists and social activists.

Q. 15 Describe two major issues in the North-Eastern states of India. (02)

Three issues dominate the politics of North-East: demands for autonomy,
movements for secession, and opposition to ‘outsiders’. Major initiatives
on the first issue in the 1970s set the stage for some dramatic
developments on the second and the third in the 1980s.

Q. 16 Explain the important factors associated with Third Democratic Upsurge. (02)
Role of urban middle class and students.

Q. 17 Enlist some forms of cooperative measures undertaken to overcome (02)

traditional security threats.
Disarmament requires all states to give up certain kinds of weapons. For
example, the 1972 Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) and the 1992
Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) banned the production and
possession of these weapons. More than 155 states acceded to the BWC
and 181 states acceded to the CWC.

Q. 18 Trace the major developments related to the formation of the state of Goa (02)
after its freedom from Portugal.

SECTION-C (20 Marks)

Q. 19 The question of indigenous people brings the issue of environment, (04)
resources and politics together. Explain the statement.
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 They appeal to governments to come to terms with the continuing
existence of indigenous nations as enduring communities with an identity
of their own. ‘Since times immemorial’ is the phrase used by indigenous
people all over the world to refer to their continued occupancy of the
lands from which they originate. The worldviews of indigenous societies,
irrespective of their geographical location, are strikingly similar with
respect to land and the variety of life systems supported by it. The loss of
land, which also means the loss of an economic resource base.

Q. 20 How can peace and cooperation be enhanced in the SAARC region? (04)
Suggest any four reforms.
In spite of the many conflicts, the states of South Asia recognise the
importance of cooperation and friendly relationship, among themselves.
The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is a major
regional initiative by the South Asian states to evolve cooperation through
multilateral means. It began in 1985. Unfortunately, due to persisting
political differences, SAARC has not had much success. SAARC members
signed the South Asian Free Trade (SAFTA) agreement which promised the
formation of a free trade zone for the whole of South Asia.

Q. 21 In spite of improved ties with China in the post Cold war period, much (04)
hostility in Sino-Indian relations revolve around the issue of Tibet conflict
and border dispute. In the light of the above statement explain the origin
of both the conflicts.
Detail explanation of both the issues.

Q. 22 In what manner Jayaprakash Narayan became the popular symbol of (04)

restoration of democracy after emergency was imposed. How far was he
successful?
In March 1974 students came together in Bihar to protest against rising
prices, food scarcity, unemployment and corruption. After a point they
invited Jayaprakash Narayan (JP), who had given up active politics and was
involved in social work, to lead the student movement. He accepted it on
the condition that the movement will remain non-violent and will not limit
itself to Bihar. Thus the students’ movement assumed a political character
and had national appeal. People from all walks of life now entered the
movement. Jayaprakash Narayan demanded the dismissal of the Congress
government in Bihar and gave a call for total revolution in the social,
economic and political spheres in order to establish what he considered to
be true democracy.

Q. 23 Mention the various steps undertaken by IMF and World Bank to make a (04)
total transition from communism to capitalism in Russia, East European
countries and Central Asian Republics of erstwhile USSR.
Each of these countries was required to make a total shift to a capitalist
economy, which meant rooting out completely any structures evolved
during the Soviet period. Above all, it meant that private ownership was to
be the dominant pattern of ownership of property. Privatisation of state
assets and corporate ownership patterns were to be immediately brought
in. Collective farms were to be replaced by private farming and capitalism
in agriculture. This transition ruled out any alternate or ‘third way’, other
than state-controlled socialism or capitalism.

SECTION-D (12 Marks)

Q. 24
1. b) 5-6 percent (01)
2. c) Agricultural Surplus (01)
3. b) 2001 (01)
4. a) High Popluation (01)

Q. 25 (04)

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 Sr. Number for the information Alphabet Name of the
used Concerned states
1. Uttar Pradesh
2. Bihar
3. Tamil Nadu
4. Karnatka

Q. 26

1. c) Refuges (01)
2. a) Richard Nixon (01)
3. c) Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and Indira Gandhi (01)
4. b) Counter Pak-US-China axis (01)

SECTION-E (24 Marks)

Q. 27 What do you understand by inter-connected world mean? State the (06)
cultural and political dimensions of it.
Since much of the usage tends to be imprecise, it becomes important to
clarify what we mean by globalisation. Globalisation as a concept
fundamentally deals with flows. These flows could be of various kinds —
ideas moving from one part of the world to another , capital shunted
between two or more places, commodities being traded across borders,
and people moving in search of better livelihoods to different parts of the
world. The crucial element is the ‘worldwide interconnectedness’ that is
created and sustained as a consequence of these constant flows.
Globalisation is a multidimensional concept. It has political, economic and
cultural manifestations, and these must be adequately distinguished. It is
wrong to assume that globalisation has purely economic dimensions, just
as it would also be mistaken to assume that it is a purely cultural
phenomenon. The impact of globalisation is vastly uneven — it affects
some societies more than others and some parts of some societies more
than others — and it is important to avoid drawing general conclusions
about the impact of globalisation without paying sufficient attention to
specific contexts.
OR
What concerns the critics of globalization? Mention two examples of
organized form of protest against globalization.
Critics of globalisation make a variety of arguments. Those on the left
argue that contemporary globalisation represents a particular phase of
global capitalism that makes the rich richer (and fewer) and the poor
poorer. Weakening of the state leads to a reduction in the capacity of the
state to protect the interest of its poor. Critics of globalisation from the
political right express anxiety over the political, economic and cultural
effects. In political terms, they also fear the weakening of the state.
Economically, they want a return to self-reliance and protectionism, at
least in certain areas of the economy. Culturally, they are worried that
traditional culture will be harmed and people will lose their age-old values
and ways. The World Social Forum (WSF) is another global platform, which
brings together a wide coalition composed of human rights activists,
environmentalists, labour, youth and women activists opposed to neo-
liberal globalisation

Q. 28 Although UN has failed to act as effective check on the hegemony of US, (06)
nation prefers its continuation. Suggest any three arguments to justify the
relevance of UN in the post cold war era.
The UN is an imperfect body, but without it the world would be worse off.
Given the growing connections and links between societies and issues—
what we often call ‘interdependence’—it is hard to imagine how more than
seven billion people would live together without an organisation such as
the UN. Technology promises to increase planetary interdependence, and
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 therefore the importance of the UN will only increase. Peoples and
governments will have to find ways of supporting and using the UN and
other international organisations in ways that are consistent with their
own interests and the interests of the international community more
broadly.
OR
Describe any six criteria for the new membership of Security Council as
suggested in 1997.
A major economic power A major military power A substantial contributor
to the UN budget A big nation in terms of its population A nation that
respects democracy and human rights A country that would make the
Council more representative of the world’s diversity in terms of
geography, economic systems, and culture

Q. 29 What caused partition of India? Explain any of its four consequences. (06)
The year 1947 was the year of one of the largest, most abrupt, unplanned
and tragic transfer of population that human history has known. There
were killings and atrocities on both sides of the border. In the name of
religion people of one community. Forced to abandon their homes and
move across borders, people went through immense sufferings. Minorities
on both sides of the border fled their home and often secured temporary
shelter in ‘refugee camps’. They often found unhelpful local administration
and police in what was till recently their own country. They travelled to
the other side of the new border by all sorts of means, often by foot. Even
during this journey they were often attacked, killed or raped. Thousands of
women were abducted on both sides of the border. They were made to
convert to the religion of the abductor and were forced into marriage. In
many cases women were killed by their own family members to preserve
the ‘family honour’. Many children were separated from their parents.
Those who did manage to cross the border found that they had no home.
For lakhs of these ‘refugees’ the country’s freedom meant life in ‘refugee
camps’, for months and sometimes for years.
OR
Why was Gandhiji not the part of independence day celebration? How
Mahatma Gandhi met a tragic end to his life?
On the 15th August 1947 Mahatma Gandhi did not participate in any of
the independence day celebrations. He was in Kolkata in the areas which
were torn by gruesome riots between Hindus and Muslims. He was
saddened by the communal violence and disheartened that the principles
of ahimsa (non-violence) and satyagraha (active but non-violent
resistance) that he had lived and worked for, had failed to bind the people
in troubled times. Gandhiji went on to persuade the Hindus and Muslims to
give up violence. His presence in Kolkata greatly improved the situation,
and the coming of independence was celebrated in a spirit of communal
harmony, with joyous dancing in the streets.
be republished 12 Politics in India since Independence Mahatma Gandhi’s
sacrifice On the 15th August 1947 Mahatma Gandhi did not participate in
any of the independence day celebrations. He was in Kolkata in the areas
which were torn by gruesome riots between Hindus and Muslims. He was
saddened by the communal violence and disheartened that the principles
of ahimsa (non-violence) and satyagraha (active but non-violent
resistance) that he had lived and worked for, had failed to bind the people
in troubled times. Gandhiji went on to persuade the Hindus and Muslims to
give up violence. His presence in Kolkata greatly improved the situation,
and the coming of independence was celebrated in a spirit of communal
harmony, with joyous dancing in the streets. Gandhiji’s prayer meetings
attracted large crowds. But this was short lived as riots between Hindus
and Muslims erupted once again and Gandhiji had to resort to a fast to
bring peace. Next month Gandhiji moved to Delhi where large scale

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 violence had erupted.
They accused Gandhiji of acting in the interests of the Muslims and
Pakistan. Gandhiji thought that these people were misguided. He was
convinced that any attempt to make India into a country only for the
Hindus would destroy India. His steadfast pursuit of Hindu-Muslim unity
provoked Hindu extremists so much that they made several attempts to
assassinate Gandhiji. Despite this he refused to accept armed protection
and continued to meet everyone during his prayer meetings. Finally, on 30
January 1948, one such extremist, Nathuram Vinayak Godse, walked up to
Gandhiji during his evening prayer in Delhi and fired three bullets at him,
killing him instantly. Thus ended a life long struggle for truth, non-
violence, justice and tolerance

Q. 30 Describe the major developments that have taken place in Indian politics (06)
during NDA-III and NDA-IV.
Important issues like Tripple Talaq, Demonetisation, Abrogation of 370,
GST
OR
Describe any three points of consensus that emerged among most of the
political parties in spite of severe competition and conflicts.
New Economic Policy
Backward Caste-politics
State Level parties
Pragmatic coalitions

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