CY21 ROKFC IN-KIND A20R210P2, UNACCOMPANIED ENLISTED
PERSONNEL HOUSING (UEPH 100B), USAG HUMPHREYS, KOREA
SECTION TABLE OF CONTENTS
DIVISION 08 - OPENINGS
SECTION 08 51 13
ALUMINUM WINDOWS
PART 1 GENERAL
1.1 REFERENCES
1.2 SUBMITTALS
1.3 QUALITY ASSURANCE
1.3.1 Qualification of Manufacturer
1.3.2 Shop Drawing Requirements
1.3.3 Sample Requirements
1.3.3.1 Finish Sample Requirements
1.3.3.2 Window Sample Requirements
1.3.4 Design Data Requirements
1.3.5 Test Report Requirements
1.3.6 Certification
1.4 DELIVERY AND STORAGE
1.5 PLASTIC IDENTIFICATION
1.6 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
1.6.1 Wind Loading Design Pressure
1.6.2 Tests
1.7 DRAWINGS
1.8 WINDOW PERFORMANCE
1.8.1 Structural Performance
1.8.2 Air Infiltration
1.8.3 Water Penetration
1.8.4 Thermal Performance
1.8.5 Life Safety Criteria
1.9 WARRANTY
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 WINDOWS
2.1.1 Awning Windows (AP)
2.1.2 Horizontal Sliding Windows (HS)
2.1.3 Projected Windows (AP)
2.1.4 Dual Action Windows (DAW)
2.1.5 Fixed Windows (F)
2.1.6 Glass and Glazing
2.1.7 Caulking and Sealing
2.1.8 Weatherstripping
2.1.9 Sash Poles
2.2 FABRICATION
2.2.1 Provisions for Glazing
2.2.2 Fasteners
2.2.3 Adhesives
2.2.4 Drips and Weep Holes
2.2.5 Combination Windows
2.2.6 Accessories
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2.2.6.1 Hardware
2.2.6.2 Fasteners
2.2.6.3 Window-Cleaner Anchors
2.2.6.4 Window Anchors
2.2.7 Finishes
2.2.7.1 Anodic Coating
2.2.7.2 Organic Coating
2.2.8 Screens
2.3 THERMAL-BARRIER WINDOWS
2.4 MULLIONS
2.5 WINDOW CLEANERS' BOLTS
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 SCHEDULE
3.2 INSTALLATION
3.2.1 Method of Installation
3.2.2 Dissimilar Materials
3.2.3 Anchors and Fastenings
3.2.4 Adjustments After Installation
3.3 CLEANING
-- End of Section Table of Contents --
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SECTION 08 51 13
ALUMINUM WINDOWS
PART 1 GENERAL
1.1 REFERENCES
The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the
extent referenced. The publications are referred to within the text by the
basic designation only.
ALUMINUM ASSOCIATION (AA)
AA DAF45 (2003; Reaffirmed 2009) Designation System
for Aluminum Finishes
AMERICAN ARCHITECTURAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (AAMA)
AAMA 611 (2014) Voluntary Specification for
Anodized Architectural Aluminum
AAMA 701/702 (2011) Voluntary Specification for Pile
Weatherstripping and Replaceable
Fenestration Weatherseals
AAMA 901 (2016) Voluntary Specification for Rotary
& Linear Operators in Window Applications
AAMA 907 (2015) Voluntary Specification for
Corrosion Resistant Coatings on Carbon
Steel Components Used in Windows, Doors
and Skylights
AAMA 1503 (2009) Voluntary Test Method for Thermal
Transmittance and Condensation Resistance
of Windows, Doors and Glazed Wall Sections
AAMA 2604 (2017a) Voluntary Specification,
Performance Requirements and Test
Procedures for High Performance Organic
Coatings on Aluminum Extrusions and Panels
AAMA 2605 (2020) Voluntary Specification,
Performance Requirements and Test
Procedures for Superior Performing Organic
Coatings on Aluminum Extrusions and Panels
AAMA WSG.1 (1995) Window Selection Guide
AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440 (2017) North American Fenestration
Standard/Specification for Windows, Doors,
and Skylights
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AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CIVIL ENGINEERS (ASCE)
ASCE 7-10 (2010; Errata 2011; Supp 1 2013) Minimum
Design Loads for Buildings and Other
Structures
ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)
ASTM A276/A276M (2017) Standard Specification for
Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
ASTM F2248 (2012) Standard Practice for Specifying an
Equivalent 3-Second Duration Design
Loading for Blast Resistant Glazing
Fabricated with Laminated Glass
INTERNATIONAL WINDOW CLEANING ASSOCIATION (IWCA)
IWCA I-14.1 (2001) Window Cleaning Safety Standard
NATIONAL FENESTRATION RATING COUNCIL (NFRC)
NFRC 100 (2017) Procedure for Determining
Fenestration Product U-Factors
NFRC 200 (2017) Procedure for Determining
Fenestration Product Solar Heat Gain
Coefficient and Visible Transmittance at
Normal Incidence
NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (NFPA)
NFPA 101 (2018; ERTA 18-1; ERTA 18-2; ERTA 18-3;
ERTA 18-4; TIA 18-1; TIA 18-2; TIA 18-3;
TIA 18-4) Life Safety Code
PASSIVE HOUSE INSTITUTE INTERNATIONAL (PHI)
Passivhaus Criteria (2012) Certification Criteria for
Certified Passive House Glazings and
Transparent Components
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (DOE)
Energy Star (1992; R 2006) Energy Star Energy
Efficiency Labeling System (FEMP)
KOREAN INDUSTRIAL STANDARDS (KS)
KS D 8303 (2009; R 2019) Combined Coatings of Anodic
Oxide and Organic Coatings on Aluminum and
Aluminum Alloys
KS F 4536 (2019) Screens for Windows
1.2 SUBMITTALS
Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation;
submittals not having a "G" designation are for information only. When
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used, a designation following the "G" designation identifies the office
that will review the submittal for the Government. Submittals with an "S"
are for inclusion in the Sustainability eNotebook, in conformance with
Section 01 33 29 SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING. Submit the following in
accordance with Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:
SD-02 Shop Drawings
Windows; G
Fabrication Drawings
SD-03 Product Data
Windows; G
Recycled Content of Aluminum Windows; S
Hardware; G
Fasteners; G
Window Performance; G
Thermal-Barrier Windows; G
Mullions; G
Window Cleaners' Bolts; G
Screens; G
Weatherstripping; G
Accessories; G
Adhesives
Thermal Performance; G
Energy Star Label For Residential Aluminum Window Products; S
SD-04 Samples
Finish Sample
Window Sample
SD-05 Design Data
Structural Calculations for Deflection; G
Design Analysis; G
SD-06 Test Reports
Minimum Condensation Resistance Factor
SD-10 Operation and Maintenance Data
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Windows, Data Package 1; G
Submit in accordance with Section 01 78 23 OPERATION AND
MAINTENANCE DATA.
Plastic Identification
1.3 QUALITY ASSURANCE
1.3.1 Qualification of Manufacturer
Window manufacturer must specialize in designing and manufacturing the type
of aluminum windows specified in this section, and have a minimum of 5
years of documented successful experience. Manufacturer must have the
facilities capable of meeting contract requirements, single-source
responsibility and warranty.
1.3.2 Shop Drawing Requirements
Take field measurements prior to preparation of drawings and fabrications.
Provide drawings that indicate elevations of windows, full-size sections,
thickness and gages of metal, fastenings, proposed method of anchoring,
size and spacing of anchors, details of construction, method of glazing,
details of operating hardware, mullion details, method and materials for
weatherstripping, method of attaching screens, material and method of
attaching subframes, stools, sills, trim, window cleaner anchors,
installation details, and other related items.
1.3.3 Sample Requirements
1.3.3.1 Finish Sample Requirements
Submit color chart of standard factory color coatings when factory-finish
color coating is to be provided.
1.3.3.2 Window Sample Requirements
Submit one full-size window of each type proposed for use, complete with
AAMA Label, glazing, hardware, anchors, and other accessories. Where
screens or weatherstripping is required, fit sample windows with such items
that are to be used. After approval, install each sample in work, clearly
identified, and record its location.
1.3.4 Design Data Requirements
Submit calculations to substantiate compliance with deflection requirements.
A registered Professional Engineer must provide calculations.
Submit design analysis with calculations showing that the design of each
different size and type of aluminum window unit and its anchorage to the
structure. Calculations verifying the structural performance of each
window proposed for use, under the given loads, must be prepared and signed
by a registered professional engineer. Reflect the window components and
anchorage devices to the structure, as determined by the design analysis,
in the shop drawings.
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1.3.5 Test Report Requirements
Submit test reports for each type of window attesting that identical
windows have been tested and meet the requirements specified herein for
conformance to AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440 including test size, and
minimum condensation resistance factor (CRF).
1.3.6 Certification
Ensure that construction is performed with products that meet or exceed
Energy Star criteria, FEMP Designated criteria, and Passivhaus Criteria.
Each prime window unit must bear the AAMA Label warranting that the product
complies with AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440. Certified test reports
attesting that the prime window units meet the requirements of
AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440, including test size, will be acceptable in
lieu of product labeling.
1.4 DELIVERY AND STORAGE
Deliver windows to project site in an undamaged condition. Use care in
handling and hoisting windows during transportation and at the jobsite.
Store windows and components out of contact with the ground, under a
weathertight covering, so as to prevent bending, warping, or otherwise
damaging the windows. Repair damaged windows to an "as new" condition as
approved. If windows can not be repaired, provide a new unit.
1.5 PLASTIC IDENTIFICATION
Label plastic products provided to indicate their polymeric composition
according to the following list. Where products are not labeled, provide
product data indicating polymeric information in Operation and Maintenance
Manual.
a. Type 1: Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET, PETE).
b. Type 2: High Density Polyethylene (HDPE).
c. Type 3: Vinyl (Polyvinyl Chloride or PVC).
d. Type 4: Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE).
e. Type 5: Polypropylene (PP).
f. Type 6: Polystyrene (PS).
g. Type 7: Other. Use of this code indicates that the package in question
is made with a resin other than the six listed above, or is made of
more than one resin listed above, and used in a multi-layer combination.
1.6 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
1.6.1 Wind Loading Design Pressure
Design window components, including mullions, hardware, and anchors, to
withstand a wind-loading design pressure calculated from indicated design
wind speed in accordance with ASCE 7-10.
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1.6.2 Tests
Test windows proposed for use in accordance with
AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440 for the particular type and quality window
specified.
Perform tests by a nationally recognized independent testing laboratory
equipped and capable of performing the required tests. Submit the results
of the tests as certified laboratory reports required herein.
Minimum design load for a uniform-load structural test must be 2400 pascal.
Test projected windows in accordance with the applicable portions of the
AAMA WSG.1 for air infiltration, water resistance, uniform-load deflection,
and uniform-load structural test.
1.7 DRAWINGS
Submit the Fabrication Drawings for aluminum window units showing complete
window assembly including hardware, weatherstripping, and subframe assembly
details.
1.8 WINDOW PERFORMANCE
Aluminum windows must meet the following performance requirements. Perform
testing requirements by an independent testing laboratory or agency.
1.8.1 Structural Performance
Structural test pressures on window units must be for positive load
(inward) and negative load (outward). After testing, there will be no
glass breakage, permanent damage to fasteners, hardware parts, support arms
or actuating mechanisms or any other damage which could cause window to be
inoperable. There must be no permanent deformation of any main frame, sash
or ventilator member in excess of the requirements established by
AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440 for the window types and classification
specified in this section.
1.8.2 Air Infiltration
Air infiltration must not exceed the amount established by
AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440 for each window type.
1.8.3 Water Penetration
Water penetration must not exceed the amount established by
AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440 for each window type.
1.8.4 Thermal Performance
Windows (including frames and glass) will be independently tested and
certified with a Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) determined according to
NFRC 200 procedures and a whole window U-factor determined in accordance
with NFRC 100 as indicated in the drawing. Windows used solely within the
interior of a conditioned envelope are exempted from meeting U-Factor and
SHGC requirements, unless otherwise noted. Provide visual Transmittance
(VT) of 0.5 or greater. Submit documentation supporting compliance with
Energy Star, FEMP designated, and Passive House qualifications as
applicable. Provide proof of Energy Star label for residential aluminum
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window products.
1.8.5 Life Safety Criteria
Provide windows that conform to NFPA 101 Life Safety Code when rescue
and/or second means of escape are indicated.
1.9 WARRANTY
Provide Manufacturer's standard performance guarantees or warranties that
extend beyond a 1 year period.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 WINDOWS
Provide prime windows that comply with AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440 and the
requirements specified herein. In addition to compliance with
AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440, window framing members for each individual
light of glass must not deflect to the extent that deflection perpendicular
to the glass light exceeds L/175 of the glass edge length when subjected to
uniform loads at specified design pressures. Provide Structural
calculations for deflection to substantiate compliance with deflection
requirements. Provide windows of types, performance classes, performance
grades, combinations, and sizes indicated or specified. Provide aluminum
window frames with a minimum recycled content of 20 percent. Provide data
identifying percentage of recycled content of aluminum windows. Design
windows to accommodate hardware, glass, weatherstripping, screens, and
accessories to be furnished. For window reinforcing purpose, concealed
316L stainless steel or aluminum reinforcing inserts are required. All
internal fasteners shall be 316L stainless steel. Each window must be a
complete factory assembled unit with or without glass installed.
Dimensions shown are minimum. Provide windows with insulating glass and
thermal break necessary to achieve a minimum Condensation Resistance Factor
(CRF) of 47 when tested in accordance with AAMA 1503. Provide
manufacturer's standard hardware fabricated from aluminum, stainless steel,
carbon steel complying with AAMA 907, or other corrosion-resistant material
compatible with adjacent materials; designed to smoothly operate, tightly
close, and securely lock windows, and sized to accommodate sash weight and
dimensions.
2.1.1 Awning Windows (AP)
Type AP-AW40. Conceal operating mechanism within the frame members or
enclose within a metal casing not less than 1.59 mm thick sheet aluminum.
2.1.2 Horizontal Sliding Windows (HS)
Type HS-AW40.
2.1.3 Projected Windows (AP)
Type AP-AW40. Provide projected windows with concealed four bar friction
hinges only. Gear-type rotary hardware to comply with AAMA 901. Provide
operators that function without requiring the removal of interior screens.
2.1.4 Dual Action Windows (DAW)
Type AP-AW40.
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Tilt & turn handle of dual action windows shall be locked for turn action
in normal times. To use turn mode, the profile cylinder must be unlocked
using a key or special tool.
2.1.5 Fixed Windows (F)
Type F-AW40.
2.1.6 Glass and Glazing
Materials are specified in Section 08 81 00 GLAZING.
2.1.7 Caulking and Sealing
Are specified in Section 07 92 00 JOINT SEALANTS.
2.1.8 Weatherstripping
AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440. Provide for all ventilating (operable) sash
for all windows. Provide woven wool pile weatherstripping 5.3 millimeter
thick, conforming to AAMA 701/702, or polypropylene multifilament fiber
weatherstripping installed in an integral weatherstripping groove in the
sash or frame, and flexible polyvinylchloride weatherstripping installed in
the sill member.
2.1.9 Sash Poles
Seamless aluminum tube, 1.59 mm minimum wall thickness, 25 mm diameter,
with cast aluminum hook and protective cover or tip on the lower end.
Finish must match windows.
2.2 FABRICATION
Fabrication of window units must comply with AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440.
2.2.1 Provisions for Glazing
Design windows and rabbets suitable for glass thickness shown. For minimum
antiterrorism windows, attach glazing to its supporting frame using
structural silicone sealant or adhesive glazing tape in accordance with
ASTM F2248. Design sash for inside glazing and for securing glass with
metal beads, glazing clips, glazing channels, or glazing compound.
2.2.2 Fasteners
Use window manufacturer's standard for windows, trim, and accessories.
Self-tapping sheet-metal screws are not acceptable for material more than 2
mm thick.
2.2.3 Adhesives
Provide joint sealants as specified in Section 07 92 00 JOINT SEALANTS.
For interior application of joint sealants, comply with applicable
regulations regarding reduced VOC's, and as specified in Section 07 92 00
JOINT SEALANTS.
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2.2.4 Drips and Weep Holes
Provide continuous drips over heads of top ventilators. Where fixed
windows adjoin ventilators, drips must be continuous across tops of fixed
windows. Provide drips and weep holes as required to return water to the
outside.
2.2.5 Combination Windows
Windows used in combination must be factory assembled of the same class and
grade. Where factory assembly of individual windows into larger units is
limited by transportation considerations, prefabricate, match mark,
transport, and field assemble.
2.2.6 Accessories
Provide windows complete with necessary hardware, fastenings, clips, fins,
anchors, glazing beads, and other appurtenances necessary for complete
installation and proper operation.
2.2.6.1 Hardware
AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440. The item, type, and functional
characteristics must be the manufacturer's standard for the particular
window type. Provide hardware of suitable design and of sufficient
strength to perform the function for which it is used. Equip all operating
ventilators with a lock or latching device which can be secured from the
inside.
2.2.6.2 Fasteners
Provide concealed anchors of the type recommended by the window
manufacturer for the specific type of construction. Anchors and fasteners
must be compatible with the window and the adjoining construction. Provide
a minimum of three anchors for each jamb located approximately 150 mm from
each end and at midpoint.
2.2.6.3 Window-Cleaner Anchors
Provide double head anchors for windows indicated. Anchors must be
stainless steel of size and design required for the window type and
application, conforming to ASTM A276/A276M. Provide two anchors for each
single window and each adjacent fixed glass window unit. Fasten anchors
1120 mm above the window sill utilizing appropriate methods for the window
type and application in accordance with industry safety standards.
2.2.6.4 Window Anchors
Anchoring devices for installing windows must be made of aluminum,
cadmium-plated steel, stainless steel, or zinc-plated steel conforming to
AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440.
2.2.7 Finishes
Comply with NAAMM's "Metal Finishes Manual" for applying and designating
finishes. Exposed aluminum surfaces must be factory finished with an
anodic coating or organic coating. Color must be as indicated. All windows
must have the same finish.
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2.2.7.1 Anodic Coating
Clean exposed aluminum surfaces and provide an anodized finish conforming
to AA DAF45 or KS D 8303 and AAMA 611. Finish must be:
a. Architectural Class I ( 0.0175 mm or thicker), designation AA-M10-C22-
A42, integral coloranodized.
2.2.7.2 Organic Coating
Clean and prime exposed aluminum surfaces. Provide a high-performance
finish in accordance with AAMA 2604 or AAMA 2605 with total dry film
thickness of not less than 0.03 mm.
2.2.8 Screens
AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440 or KS F 4536. Provide one insect screen for
each operable exterior sash or ventilator. Design screens to be rewirable,
easily removable from inside the building, and to permit easy access to
operating hardware.
2.3 THERMAL-BARRIER WINDOWS
Provide thermal-barrier windows, complete with accessories and fittings,
where indicated.
Specify material and construction except as follows:
a. Aluminum alloy must be 6063-T6.
b. Frame construction, including operable sash, must be factory-assembled
and factory-sealed inner and outer aluminum completely separated from
metal-to-metal contact. Join assembly by a continuous, concealed, low
conductance divider housed in an interlocking extrusion of the inner
frame. Metal fasteners, straps, or anchors must not bridge the
connection between the inner and outer frame.
c. Operating hardware for each sash must consist of spring-loaded nylon
cushion blocks and pin locks designed to lock in predetermined
locations.
d. Sash must be completely separated from metal-to-metal contact by means
of woven-pile weatherstripping, plastic, or elastomeric separation
members.
e. Operating and storm sash must be factory-glazed with the type of glass
indicated and of the quality specified in Section 08 81 00 GLAZING.
2.4 MULLIONS
Provide mullions between multiple-window units where indicated.
Provide profiles for mullions and mullion covers, reinforced as required
for the specified wind loading, and securely anchored to the adjoining
construction. Mullion extrusion will include serrations or pockets to
receive weatherstripping, sealant, or tape at the point of contact with
each window flange.
Mullion assembly must include aluminum window clamps or brackets screwed or
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bolted to the mullion and the mullion cover.
Mullion cover must be screw-fastened to the mullion unless otherwise
indicated.
Mullion reinforcing members must be fabricated of the materials specified
in AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440 and meet the specified design loading.
2.5 WINDOW CLEANERS' BOLTS
Provide window cleaners' bolts for all windows 2100 millimeter or higher
above finished grade, except for windows that can be removed and cleaned
from the ground or from a lower roof level without the use of an extension
ladder. Provide two bolts for each single window unit and each fixed glass
unit. Locate bolts 1120 millimeter above the window sill.
Window cleaners' bolts must be double-head type, AISI Series 300
corrosion-resistant steel, size and design complying with IWCA I-14.1.
Contact side of the bolts must be ground to fit flat against window jambs.
Bolts must be factory- or field-attached before windows are set. Reinforce
backs of frames to receive bolts with 6 by 150 millimeter
corrosion-resistant steel or aluminum plates bolted or welded to the frames
at the factory. Special wall anchors must be provided on frames at the
point of bolt attachment.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 SCHEDULE
Some metric measurements in this section are based on mathematical
conversion of inch-pound measurements, and not on metric measurement
commonly agreed to by the manufacturers or other parties. The inch-pound
and metric measurements are as follows:
PRODUCTS INCH-POUND METRIC
Metal Casing 0.0625 inch 1.59 mm
Aluminum Tube (Diameter) 0.0625 inch 1.59 mm
1 inch 25 mm
3.2 INSTALLATION
3.2.1 Method of Installation
Install in accordance with the window manufacturer's printed instructions
and details. Build in windows as the work progresses or install without
forcing into prepared window openings. Set windows at proper elevation,
location, and reveal; plumb, square, level, and in alignment; and brace,
strut, and stay properly to prevent distortion and misalignment. Protect
ventilators and operating parts against accumulation of dirt and building
materials by keeping ventilators tightly closed and locked to frame. Bed
screws or bolts in sill members, joints at mullions, contacts of windows
with sills, built-in fins, and subframes in mastic sealant of a type
recommended by the window manufacturer. Install and caulk windows in a
manner that will prevent entrance of water and wind. Fasten insect screens
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securely in place.
Any materials that show visual evidence of biological growth due to the
presence of moisture must not be installed on the building project.
3.2.2 Dissimilar Materials
Where aluminum surfaces are in contact with, or fastened to masonry,
concrete, wood, or dissimilar metals, except stainless steel or zinc,
protect the aluminum surface from dissimilar materials as recommended in
the Appendix to AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440. Do not coat surfaces in
contact with sealants after installation with any type of protective
material. Do not apply coatings or lacquers to surfaces to which caulking
and glazing components must adhere.
3.2.3 Anchors and Fastenings
Make provision for securing units to each other, to masonry, and to other
adjoining construction. Windows installed in masonry walls must have head
and jamb members designed to recess into masonry wall not less than 11 mm.
3.2.4 Adjustments After Installation
After installation of windows and completion of glazing and field painting,
adjust all ventilators and hardware to operate smoothly and to provide
weathertight sealing when ventilators are closed and locked. Lubricate
hardware and operating parts as necessary. Verify that products are
properly installed, connected, and adjusted.
3.3 CLEANING
Clean interior and exterior surfaces of window units of mortar, plaster,
paint spattering spots, and other foreign matter to present a neat
appearance, to prevent fouling of weathering surfaces and
weather-stripping, and to prevent interference with the operation of
hardware. Replace all stained, discolored, or abraded windows that cannot
be restored to their original condition with new windows.
-- End of Section --
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