40 B IDI
TECHNICAL
DRAWINGS
Why this topic?
Justification:
We chose this topic because it's interesting and has several varied
topics on technical drawings, all their functions and why they are
used in the workplace when using these drawings makes it attractive
for our presentation and research.
Definition of
technical
drawing
a detailed, precise diagram or plan that
conveys information about how an object
functions or is constructed. Engineers,
electricians, and contractors all use these
drawings as deliverables and (often legally
guarded) constructable documents when
constructing or repairing objects and
buildings. These can be drafted by hand, or
technical drawings can utilize CAD software
for digital copies.
Using technical drawing software can greatly
speed up workflows by automating common
tasks, assisting with precise geometry, and
making detailed annotation easier.
Objectives of the
Presentation
This presentation aims to provide a clear understanding of
different types of technical drawings used in engineering,
architecture, and design. It will explain the purpose,
characteristics, and applications of floor plans, elevations, and
sections.
Additionally, it highlights the importance of technical drawings in
construction and manufacturing, improving communication
between professionals and optimizing project development.
Through examples and case studies, it will demonstrate how
proper interpretation of these drawings influences decision-
making and design quality.
Types of
Technical
Drawings
Floor Plans
Definition and Characteristics
It is a graphical representation that shows the
distribution of spaces and architectural
elements at a specific level, used in
engineering. It includes dimensions of spaces
and elements, locations, and distribution of
spaces. They are used by architects,
engineers, and designers to: plan, design
buildings, communicate ideas, identify
potential design problems, and solve them.
Use in Architectural Design
Floor plans are fundamental in architectural design, serving as a guide for architects and
engineers. They allow visualization of how spaces interact, optimizing the functionality
and aesthetics of the building.
1. Space Planning: They help in determining the allocation of space for various
functions, ensuring that each area is efficiently utilized based on the needs of the
occupants.
2. Flow and Circulation: Floor plans illustrate the movement within a space, highlighting
how occupants will navigate through different areas. This is crucial for creating a
logical and comfortable flow.
3. Scale and Proportion: They provide a scaled representation of the building, allowing
architects to visualize dimensions and proportions in relation to human scale and other
elements.
4. Zoning and Design Elements: Floor plans facilitate the zoning of different areas
(public, private, service) and help in integrating design elements such as furniture
layout, fixtures, and architectural features.
5. Collaboration and Communication: They serve as a common language among
architects, engineers, contractors, and clients, ensuring everyone has a clear
understanding of the project.
6. Regulatory Compliance: Floor plans are often required for building permits and must
adhere to local building codes and regulations, including safety and accessibility
standards.
7. Visual Representation: They allow stakeholders to visualize the overall layout and design
concept before construction begins, enabling feedback and adjustments early in the
process.
8. Integration of Technology: With advancements in technology, floor plans can be
created using software that allows for 3D visualization, helping clients to better
understand the space.
Other Types of Drawings
In the field of technical documentation, there are different types of drawings that
have specific functions. Detail drawings focus on showing concrete elements with
precision, like a type of joint or a finish, providing important information about
dimensions and materials. On the other hand, electrical diagrams illustrate the
distribution of circuits in a building, being essential to ensure safe and functional
installations.
Also, installation drawings graphically represent systems like plumbing and air
conditioning, making their correct installation and maintenance easier. In the field
of exterior design, landscape drawings are used to plan gardens and parks,
showing the arrangement of plants and urban furniture.
Finally, although they are not drawings in the traditional sense, 3D models and
digital renderings offer a realistic view of the project before construction, helping to
identify problems and improve presentation to clients. Each of these types of
drawings is fundamental to ensure that all aspects of design and construction are
understood and executed correctly.
Section Drawings in
Architecture and Interior
Design
Purpose of Section Drawings
Section drawings are essential for understanding the relationship between different levels and
spaces within a structure. Unlike floor plans, which show the layout from a top-down view, section
drawings present vertical cuts through a building or room, highlighting structural and functional
details.
Types of Section Drawings
.1. Cross Sections – Cut through the building from side to side
to show the relationship between internal spaces.
2. Longitudinal Sections – Cut through the building along its main axis,
allowing visualization of the entire distribution of levels.
.3. Detailed Sections – Depict specific elements
such as walls, ceilings, or foundations with high
precision.
Benefits of Section Drawings
• Help in understanding space distribution and changes in
level.
• Facilitate the planning of structures, electrical systems,
and plumbing.
• Allow for the detection of potential issues before
construction, optimizing the design.
Section Drawings
A section drawing, also known as a section or sectional
drawing, is a type of technical drawing that shows a view of an
object as if it were cut through along a plane. This allows you
to see the interior details and relationships between different
object parts that would not be visible in a standard view.
Who is using section drawings?
Industrial Designers: Industrial and product designers use
sections to develop products by showing internal structures,
materials, and assembly details.
-Section Drawings
Advantages of using section drawings
Section drawings offer clarity by providing a detailed view
of an object’s interior, making its construction and
function more straightforward to understand. They
enhance visualization, allowing viewers to grasp the
relationships between different parts of an object.
Additionally, they serve as an essential tool for
communication, effectively conveying design intent and
technical information to others precisely and
comprehensively.
Elevation Drawings
DEFINITION AND CHARACTERISTICS
An elevation drawing is created from a vertical plane,
presenting a straight-on view of a building facade or interior
surface. This approach allows for an accurate portrayal of
architectural features without the distortion of perspective. Key
characteristics include:
FACADE REPRESENTATION :
They illustrate the design, materials, and architectural elements
of a building's exterior, such as windows and doors.
INTERIOR DETAILS:
They can also depict interior walls, showcasing elements like
cabinetry and finishes. Plano Arquitectónico
DIMENSIONS AND PROPORTIONS:
They convey accurate measurements, ensuring that all
components are correctly proportioned and aligned.
Elevation Drawing
APPLICATION IN STRUCTURE VISUALIZATION
Elevation drawings play a crucial role in the visualization and
execution of architectural projects:
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT:
They enable architects to refine aesthetic and functional aspects.
CONSTRUCTION GUIDANCE:
They help contractors understand the precise placement of
elements and materials.
REGULATORY APPROVALS:
They are often required for building permits, demonstrating
compliance with zoning laws and building codes.
Case Studies and
Examples
The analysis of case studies, such as the National Library of France,
demonstrates how section drawings reveal critical architectural details. These
examples provide valuable lessons regarding design and spatial organization
in real-world projects.
Section drawings assist in:
- Identifying potential structural challenges before construction begins
- Visualizing the interconnection of building components
- Enhancing communication among architects, engineers, and construction
teams
The absence of these drawings can lead to misunderstandings, costly errors,
or structural vulnerabilities. Case studies highlight the importance of technical
drawings in ensuring that projects are executed efficiently and meet design
expectations.
CONCLUSIONS
Technical drawings are essential graphic representations in engineering
and architectural design that accurately communicate the
characteristics of an object or space. They facilitate visualization,
planning, and project execution, improving collaboration and reducing
errors. Their use of standardized conventions, along with digital tools like
CAD, ensures efficiency and accuracy, guaranteeing functional and
aesthetically pleasing results across various industries.
CONCLUSIONS
Its conclusion highlights the importance of clarity, precision, and
standardization in design and engineering, facilitating the
understanding and execution of projects. Additionally, they are essential
tools for collaboration between different disciplines, ensuring that all
parties involved have a coherent vision of the final product. The hability
to interpret and create technical drawings is fundamental in the
professional field, as it contributes to efficiency and quality in product
development.
References
Coghlan, M., & Coghlan, M. (2025, 28 febrero). Planos de diseño de interiores: ejemplos y
herramientas. Firma de Diseño Mariangel Coghlan. https://www.mcoghlan.mx/blog/planos-
de-diseno-de-interiores/
Comunicacion. (2023, 24 marzo). Los planos arquitectónicos y su importancia en la
construcción. Escuela Postgrado de Ingeniería y Arquitectura.
https://postgradoingenieria.com/planos-arquitectonicos-importancia-construccion/
Mo_Innovation. (2024, 8 abril). What is Technical Drawing? And their Types. Monarch
Innovation Private Limited. https://www.monarch-innovation.com/what-is-technical-
drawing%7D
Prezi, J. M. O. (s. f.). Planos técnicos. prezi.com. https://prezi.com/p/hpxgkvdwzidw/planos-
tecnicos/
Qué es un plano de planta. (s. f.). Lucidchart. https://www.lucidchart.com/pages/es/que-es-
un-plano-de-planta
What Is a Section Drawing? Section Drawings Explained. (2025, 10 marzo). BIM Library.
https://bimlibrary.co/what-is-a-section-drawing-section-drawings-explained/
