The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, is a legislative act that replaces certain sections of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) of 1860, with new provisions and definitions regarding crimes, punishments, and legal defenses. It includes detailed chapters on punishments, offences against women and children, and the rights of private defense. The act received presidential assent on December 25, 2023, and will come into effect on July 1, 2024.