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Expt 2

The document outlines an experiment focused on studying SCR triggering mechanisms using resistive, RC, and UJT circuits. It details the objectives, theory behind SCR operation, triggering methods, required materials, and procedural steps for each method. The experiment aims to analyze the effects of component values on firing angles and output waveforms, as well as to compare the performance of different triggering techniques.

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Dhruv Ramchandani
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9 views4 pages

Expt 2

The document outlines an experiment focused on studying SCR triggering mechanisms using resistive, RC, and UJT circuits. It details the objectives, theory behind SCR operation, triggering methods, required materials, and procedural steps for each method. The experiment aims to analyze the effects of component values on firing angles and output waveforms, as well as to compare the performance of different triggering techniques.

Uploaded by

Dhruv Ramchandani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SCR Triggering

Circuits (R, RC, UJT)


Experiment No.
SCR Triggering Circuits (R, RC, UJT)

Objective
1. To study the triggering mechanisms of Silicon-Controlled Rectifiers (SCRs) using resistive
(R), resistive-capacitive (RC), and unijunction transistor (UJT) circuits.
2. To analyze the effect of component values on firing angles and output waveforms.
3. To compare the performance and applications of each triggering method.

Theory
1. SCR Basics:
o An SCR is a four-layer semiconductor device that conducts when a gate current is
applied. It remains latched until the anode current drops below the holding current.
o Key parameters: Latching current, holding current, forward breakdown voltage.
2. Triggering Methods:
o Resistive (R) Triggering: A simple voltage divider network controls the gate current.
Firing angle is adjusted by varying resistance. Limited to low-phase control.
o RC Triggering: A capacitor introduces phase shift, delaying the gate pulse. Firing
angle depends on the RC time constant (τ=RCτ=RC).
o UJT Triggering: A relaxation oscillator generates sharp pulses. The intrinsic standoff
ratio (η=RB1RB1+RB2η=RB1+RB2RB1) determines the firing frequency.
3. Applications: Motor speed control, light dimmers, AC voltage regulators.

Materials Required

Component Specification

SCR TYN616 (600V, 16A)

Resistors 1kΩ, 10kΩ (variable), 100Ω

Capacitor 0.1µF, 1µF (electrolytic)

UJT 2N2646

Power Supply 0–30V DC, 12V AC

Oscilloscope Dual-channel

Function Generator 50Hz Sine Wave

Breadboard, Wires ---


Procedure
A. Resistive (R) Triggering
1. Connect the SCR in series with a load resistor (100Ω) and DC supply (12V).
2. Use a 10kΩ potentiometer in series with the gate.
3. Gradually reduce the potentiometer resistance until the SCR triggers (observe load voltage
with a multimeter).
4. Record the critical resistance value.
B. RC Triggering
1. Build an RC network (1kΩ resistor + 0.1µF capacitor) across the AC supply (12V, 50Hz).
2. Connect the junction of R and C to the SCR gate via a diode.
3. Use the oscilloscope to measure the phase delay between supply voltage and gate pulse.
4. Vary R/C values and note changes in firing angle.
C. UJT Triggering
1. Construct a UJT relaxation oscillator:
o Connect emitter to a 1µF capacitor charged via a 10kΩ resistor.
o Connect B1 to ground via 100Ω and B2 to 12V via 1kΩ.
2. Link the B1 output to the SCR gate.
3. Adjust the charging resistor to vary the pulse frequency. Capture waveforms on the
oscilloscope.

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