This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles

for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Designation: A615/A615M − 22 American Association State Highway and

Transportation Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: M 31

Standard Specification for

Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete
Reinforcement1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A615/A615M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.

1. Scope* design codes and specifications may not recognize the use of the No. 20
[64] bar, the largest bar included in this specification. Structural members
1.1 This specification covers deformed and plain carbon- reinforced with No. 20 [64] bars may require approval of the building
steel bars in cut lengths and coils for concrete reinforcement. official or other appropriate authority and require special detailing to
Annex A2 of this specification covers deformed bars for use for ensure adequate performance at service and factored loads.
other applications. Steel bars containing alloy additions, such 1.3 Plain bars, in sizes up to and including 21⁄2 in. [63.5 mm]
as with the Association for Iron and Steel Technology and the in diameter in coils or cut lengths, when ordered shall be
Society of Automotive Engineers series of alloy steels, are furnished under this specification in Grade 40 [280], Grade 60
permitted if the resulting product meets all the other require- [420], Grade 80 [550], and Grade 100 [690]. For ductility
ments of this specification. The standard sizes and dimensions properties (elongation and bending), test provisions of the
of deformed bars and their number designations are given in nearest smaller nominal diameter deformed bar size shall
Table 1. apply. Requirements providing for deformations and marking
1.2 Unless specified for use for other applications in Annex shall not be applicable.
A2, bars are of four minimum yield strength levels: namely, NOTE 3—Welding of the material in this specification should be
40 000 psi [280 MPa], 60 000 psi [420 MPa], 80 000 psi [550 approached with caution since no specific provisions have been included
MPa], and 100 000 psi [690 MPa], designated as Grade 40 to enhance its weldability. When this steel is to be welded, a welding
[280], Grade 60 [420], Grade 80 [550], and Grade 100 [690], procedure suitable for the chemical composition and intended use or
respectively. service should be used. The use of the latest edition of AWS D1.4 ⁄D1.4M
is recommended. The AWS D1.4 ⁄D1.4M Welding Code describes the
NOTE 1—Grade 100 [690] reinforcing bars were introduced in this proper selection of the filler metals and preheat/interpass temperatures, as
specification in 2015. In contrast to the lower grades, which have ratios of well as performance and procedure qualification requirements.
specified tensile strength to specified yield strength that range from 1.25
to 1.50, Grade 100 [690] reinforcing bars have a ratio of specified tensile 1.4 Requirements for alternate bar sizes are presented in
strength to specified yield strength of 1.15. Users of this specification Annex A1. The requirements in Annex A1 only apply when
should be aware that there will, therefore, be a lower margin of safety and specified by the purchaser (see 4.2.4).
reduced warning of failure following yielding when Grade 100 [690] bars
are used in structural members where strength is governed by the tensile 1.5 The text of this specification references notes and
strength of the reinforcement, primarily in beams and slabs. As a result of footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and
the lower specified tensile strength to specified yield strength ratio of 1.15 footnotes (excluding those in tables) shall not be considered as
for Grade 100 [690], users of this specification should be aware that ACI requirements of the specification.
318 Type 1 mechanical and welded splice requirements found in many
acceptance criteria of 125 % of specified yield strength requirements in 1.6 This specification is applicable for orders in either
tension and compression are not applicable to Grade 100 [690]. Mechani- inch-pound units (as Specification A615) or in SI units (as
cal and welded splices should meet a minimum specified tensile strength
of 115 000 psi [790 MPa] for Grade 100 [690].
Specification A615M).
NOTE 2—Users of this specification need to be aware that consensus 1.7 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
A01.05 on Steel Reinforcement.
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
Current edition approved July 1, 2022. Published July 2022. Originally approved
in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as A615/A615M – 20. DOI: from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
10.1520/A0615_A0615M-22. specification.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

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 A615/A615M − 22
TABLE 1 Deformed Bar Designation Numbers, Nominal Weights [Masses], Nominal Dimensions, and Deformation Requirements
Nominal Weight, Nominal DimensionsA Deformation Requirements, in. [mm]
Bar Designation lb/ft Cross-Sectional Maximum Minimum Maximum Gap
No. [Nominal Mass, Diameter, Perimeter,
Area, Average Average (Chord of 12.5 % of
kg/m] in. [mm] in. [mm]
in. 2 [mm2] Spacing Height Nominal Perimeter)
3 [10] 0.376 [0.560] 0.375 [9.5] 0.11 [71] 1.178 [29.9] 0.262 [6.7] 0.015 [0.38] 0.143 [3.6]
4 [13] 0.668 [0.994] 0.500 [12.7] 0.20 [129] 1.571 [39.9] 0.350 [8.9] 0.020 [0.51] 0.191 [4.9]
5 [16] 1.043 [1.552] 0.625 [15.9] 0.31 [199] 1.963 [49.9] 0.437 [11.1] 0.028 [0.71] 0.239 [6.1]
6 [19] 1.502 [2.235] 0.750 [19.1] 0.44 [284] 2.356 [59.8] 0.525 [13.3] 0.038 [0.97] 0.286 [7.3]
7 [22] 2.044 [3.042] 0.875 [22.2] 0.60 [387] 2.749 [69.8] 0.612 [15.5] 0.044 [1.12] 0.334 [8.5]
8 [25] 2.670 [3.973] 1.000 [25.4] 0.79 [510] 3.142 [79.8] 0.700 [17.8] 0.050 [1.27] 0.383 [9.7]
9 [29] 3.400 [5.060] 1.128 [28.7] 1.00 [645] 3.544 [90.0] 0.790 [20.1] 0.056 [1.42] 0.431 [10.9]
10 [32] 4.303 [6.404] 1.270 [32.3] 1.27 [819] 3.990 [101.3] 0.889 [22.6] 0.064 [1.63] 0.487 [12.4]
11 [36] 5.313 [7.907] 1.410 [35.8] 1.56 [1006] 4.430 [112.5] 0.987 [25.1] 0.071 [1.80] 0.540 [13.7]
14 [43] 7.65 [11.38] 1.693 [43.0] 2.25 [1452] 5.32 [135.1] 1.185 [30.1] 0.085 [2.16] 0.648 [16.5]
18 [57] 13.60 [20.24] 2.257 [57.3] 4.00 [2581] 7.09 [180.1] 1.58 [40.1] 0.102 [2.59] 0.864 [21.9]
20 [64]B 16.69 [24.84] 2.500 [63.5] 4.91 [3167] 7.85 [199.5] 1.75 [44.5] 0.113 [2.86] 0.957 [24.3]
A
The nominal dimensions of a deformed bar are equivalent to those of a plain round bar having the same weight [mass] per foot [metre] as the deformed bar.
B
Refer to Note 2.

1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the 2.3 AWS Standard:4
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the AWS D1.4 ⁄D1.4M Structural Welding Code—Reinforcing
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Steel
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- 2.4 U.S. Military Standard:5
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor- 2.5 U.S. Federal Standard:5
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 3. Terminology
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Specification:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.1 deformations, n—transverse protrusions on a de-
2. Referenced Documents formed bar.
2.1 ASTM Standards:2 3.1.2 deformed bar, n—steel bar with protrusions; a bar that
A6/A6M Specification for General Requirements for Rolled is intended for use as reinforcement in reinforced concrete
Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling construction.
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing 3.1.2.1 Discussion—The surface of the bar is provided with
of Steel Products protrusions that inhibit longitudinal movement of the bar
A510/A510M Specification for General Requirements for relative to the concrete surrounding the bar in such construc-
Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel, and tion. The protrusions conform to the provisions of this speci-
Alloy Steel fication.
A700 Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods 3.1.3 plain bar, n—steel bar without protrusions.
for Steel Products for Shipment 3.1.4 rib, n—longitudinal protrusion on a deformed bar.
A706/A706M Specification for Deformed and Plain Low-
Alloy Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement 4. Ordering Information
A751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of 4.1 Orders for carbon-steel bars for concrete reinforcement
Steel Products under this specification shall contain the following informa-
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to tion:
Determine Conformance with Specifications 4.1.1 Quantity (weight) [mass],
E290 Test Methods for Bend Testing of Material for Ductil- 4.1.2 Deformed or plain,
ity 4.1.3 Bar designation number (size) of deformed bars, or
2.2 ACI Standard:3 nominal diameter (size) of plain bars
ACI 318 Building Code Requirements for Structural Con- 4.1.4 Cut lengths or coils,
crete 4.1.5 Grade, and
4.1.6 ASTM designation A615 [A615M] and year of issue.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 8669 NW 36 St., #130,
the ASTM website. Miami, FL 33166-6672, http://www.aws.org.
3 5
Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), 38800 Country Club Dr., Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,
Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3439, http://www.concrete.org. Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.

2
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 A615/A615M − 22
4.2 The purchaser shall have the option to specify additional 7.4 The overall length of deformations shall be such that the
requirements, including but not limited to, the following: gap (measured as a chord) between the ends of the deforma-
4.2.1 Requirements for inspection (17.1), tions shall not exceed 12.5 % of the nominal perimeter of the
4.2.2 Require bars in each bundle to be supplied from a bar. Where the ends terminate in a rib, the width of the rib shall
single heat (19.1), be considered as the gap between these ends. The summation
4.2.3 Special package marking requirements (20.2), of the gaps shall not exceed 25 % of the nominal perimeter of
4.2.4 Requirements for alternative bar sizes in Annex A1, the bar. The nominal perimeter of the bar shall be 3.1416 times
4.2.5 Requirements for bars for other applications in Annex the nominal diameter.
A2, and
7.5 The spacing, height, and gap of deformations shall
4.2.6 Other special requirements, if any.
conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1.
5. Material and Manufacture
8. Measurements of Deformations
5.1 The bars shall be rolled from properly identified heats of
mold-cast or strand-cast steel. The steel shall be made by any 8.1 The average spacing of deformations shall be deter-
commercially accepted process. mined by measuring the length of a minimum of ten spaces and
dividing that length by the number of spaces included in the
6. Chemical Composition measurement. The measurement shall begin from a point on a
6.1 The chemical analysis of each heat of steel shall be deformation at the beginning of the first space to a correspond-
determined in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and ing point on a deformation after the last included space.
Terminology A751. The manufacturer shall make the analysis Spacing measurements shall not be made over a bar area
on test samples taken preferably during the pouring of the heat. containing bar marking symbols involving letters or numbers.
The percentages of carbon, manganese, phosphorus, and sulfur 8.2 The average height of deformations shall be determined
shall be determined. The phosphorus content thus determined from measurements made on not less than two typical defor-
shall not exceed 0.06 %. mations. Determinations shall be based on three measurements
6.2 A product check, for phosphorus, made by the purchaser per deformation, one at the center of the overall length and the
shall not exceed that specified in 6.1 by more than 25 %. other two at the quarter points of the overall length.
8.3 Insufficient height, insufficient circumferential
7. Requirements for Deformations
coverage, or excessive spacing of deformations shall not
7.1 Deformations shall be spaced along the bar at substan- constitute cause for rejection unless it has been clearly estab-
tially uniform distances. The deformations on opposite sides of lished by determinations on each lot (Note 4) tested that typical
the bar shall be similar in size, shape, and pattern. deformation height, gap, or spacing do not conform to the
7.2 The deformations shall be placed with respect to the axis minimum requirements prescribed in Section 7. No rejection
of the bar so that the included angle is not less than 45°. Where shall be made on the basis of measurements if fewer than ten
the line of deformations forms an included angle with the axis adjacent deformations on each side of the bar are measured.
of the bar from 45 to 70° inclusive, the deformations shall NOTE 4—As used within the intent of 8.3, the term “lot” shall mean all
alternately reverse in direction on each side, or those on one the bars of one bar size and pattern of deformations contained in an
side shall be reversed in direction from those on the opposite individual shipping release or shipping order.
side. Where the line of deformations is over 70°, a reversal in
direction shall not be required. 9. Tensile Requirements
7.3 The average spacing or distance between deformations 9.1 The material, as represented by the test specimens, shall
on each side of the bar shall not exceed seven tenths of the conform to the requirements for tensile properties prescribed in
nominal diameter of the bar. Table 2.

TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements

Grade 40 Grade 60 Grade 80 Grade 100
[280]A [420] [550] [690]
Tensile strength, min, psi [MPa] 60 000 [420] 80 000 [550] 100 000 [690] 115 000 [790]
Yield strength, min, psi [MPa] 40 000 [280] 60 000 [420] 80 000 [550] 100 000 [690]
Ratio of actual tensile strength to actual yield 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10
strength, min
Elongation in 8 in. [200 mm], min, %
Bar Designation No.
3 [10] 11 9 7 7
4, 5 [13, 16] 12 9 7 7
6 [19] 12 9 7 7
7, 8 [22, 25] ... 8 7 7
9, 10, 11 [29, 32, 36] ... 7 6 6
14, 18, 20 [43, 57, 64] ... 7 6 6
A
Grade 40 [280] bars are furnished only in sizes 3 through 6 [10 through 19].

3
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