NAV-2 SEMI-FINAL EXAM

1. Which of the following best describes a limitation of using the ATT alone for coastal operations?
A. It does not include tidal data for standard ports.
B. It only provides predictions and does not account for meteorological effects.
C. It cannot be used without a weather satellite connection.
D. It includes outdated sea charts and magnetic information.

2. You are planning to berth a vessel at a secondary port. High water at the standard port is 1030 at 6.2 meters.
The secondary port has a time difference of +30 minutes and a height difference of -0.6 meters. What is the
predicted high water time and height at the secondary port?
A. 1000 at 6.8 meters B. 1100 at 5.6 meters C. 1100 at 6.8 meters D. 1030 at 5.6 meters

3. Which force, along with gravity, contributes to the formation of tides?

4. A vessel with a draft of 8.0 meters needs to cross a bar where the charted depth is 6.5 meters. If the ATT
predicts a tide height of 2.0 meters at the time of crossing, what is the vessel’s vertical clearance under keel?
A. 0.5 meters B. 1.5 meters C. No clearance, the vessel will touch bottom D. 2.0 meters

5. Which IMO resolution established general principles for ship routeing systems?
A. A.1023(26) B. A.820(19) C. A.572(14) D. A.927(22)

6. A student misreads the ATT and does not apply a height correction for a secondary port. What
misunderstanding does this reflect?
A. That tide heights are always consistent regardless of location.
B. That only standard ports require corrections.
C. That secondary ports have real-time tide data.
D. That the ATT automatically adjusts for meteorological changes.

7. You are navigating in an estuary and plan to anchor during low tide. The ATT shows a low water height of 0.8
meters above chart datum. The chart shows a depth of 5.2 meters at your intended anchorage. What will be the
actual depth of water at low tide?
A. 4.4 meters B. 6.0 meters C. 5.2 meters D. 0.8 meters

8. What happens to tidal ranges when the Moon crosses the equator (Equatorial Tide)?
A. Tidal ranges become extreme B. Diurnal effects are at maximum
C. Diurnal effects are at minimum, so tidal range is reduced D. Neap tides occur

9. At Port Alpha, low tide is 0.5 m at 2145h, and high tide is 3.5 m at 0345h (next day).
At what time will the tide be 2.0 m?
A. 0040H B. 0045H C. 0102H D. 0052H

10. Why are recommended routes often marked with centreline buoys?
A. To indicate deep-sea fishing zones
B. To help vessels identify underwater pipelines
C. To provide guidance for safer transit through specific areas
D. To divide military and civilian shipping lanes
11. A navigator is preparing a voyage plan in a region known for strong spring tides. Which of the following steps
best applies the use of ATT to ensure safe under-keel clearance?
A. Refer to the next week’s weather forecast.
B. Use the lowest predicted tide height during the spring tide cycle and add it to the charted depth.
C. Only rely on GPS depth soundings.
D. Add spring tide range to the vessel’s draft.

12. At a location, low tide is 0.8 meters at 0319h, and high tide is 3.8 meters at 0905h.
At what time will the tide be 1.6 meters?
A. 0346h B. 0449h C. 0451h D. 0507h

13. What is the reference point used in nautical charts to measure tide heights and depths?
A. Mean sea level B. Chart Datum C. Equatorial Tide D. High Water Mark

14. At a given location, the Mean High Water Neap (MHWN) is 2.5 meters at 0841h, and the Mean Low Water
Neap (MLWN) is 0.8 meters at 1422h. What will be the height of the tide at 1100h?
A. 1.74 meters B. 1.85 meters C. 1.81 meters D. 1.69 meters
15. You are on a vessel classified under a particular class of ships using a designated traffic lane. Another class of
ship is navigating in a neighboring lane, and a separation line lies between them. What does the separation line
indicate?
A. An area where ships are free to maneuver at will
B. A fishing zone for smaller vessels
C. A boundary to keep each class of ships within their respective traffic lanes
D. A designated anchorage area

16. A vessel miscalculates its under-keel clearance and grounds during what was predicted to be high tide. The
master used standard port data directly without corrections. Based on this, what was the likely cause?
A. The vessel's draft was incorrectly recorded in the logbook.
B. The ATT predictions were wrong due to climate change effects.
C. The vessel failed to apply time and height corrections for the secondary port.
D. The chart datum was based on local mean sea level instead of LAT.

17. At a given location, the Mean High Water Spring (MHWS) is 4.51 meters at 1532h, and the Mean Low Water
Spring (MLWS) is 1.55 meters at 2111. What will be the height of the tide at 1800h?
A.2.19 meters B. 2.15 meters C. 2.13 meters D. 2.17 meters

18. What would happen to the tidal range if the Sun were to be removed from the gravitational equation?
A. Tides would no longer occur
B. The tidal range would still be significant due to the Moon's gravity
C. There would be no effect on the tidal range
D. Tides would become more extreme, as the Moon's influence would be stronger

19. A vessel is scheduled to approach a shallow anchorage near Bangkok on 16 January. The depth of the area is
2.0 meters, and the vessel requires a minimum under-keel clearance of 0.5 meters. The captain wants to know if
there will be enough tide height at 1400H. What is the estimated height of tide at 1400H? (Used the data in Tidal
Prediction Form provided at the end of this questionnaire.)
A. 1.8m B. 2.1m C. 2.3m D. 2.5m
20. A new ship routeing system is introduced to protect an environmentally sensitive area. Based on the system,
ships must avoid certain zones and follow specific traffic lanes. What could be a critical consequence of not
complying with the system?
A. Reduced navigational safety and increased environmental damage
B. Increased travel time for vessels without any risks
C. Better fuel efficiency and quicker passage through the area
D. Simplified emergency response for rescue operations

21. A port's Admiralty Tide Table shows a tidal range of 3 meters. A vessel with a draft of 2 meters is scheduled to
arrive at the port during the falling tide. If the tide height at the entrance is 2.5 meters, what should the master
consider?
A) The vessel can safely enter the port without delay. B) The vessel should wait for the tide to rise further.
C) The vessel's draft is too deep for the port. D) The tidal range is too large for safe navigation.

22. A survey team needs to record water levels during low tide. They arrive at the beach at 0400H. Using the data:
What is the estimated height of tide at 0400H? (Used the data in Tidal Prediction Form provided at the end of
this questionnaire.)
A. 0.9m B. 1.0m C. 1.2m D. 1.5m

23. If you were designing a tidal energy plant, which type of tide would be most efficient to harness energy from
and why?
A. Apogean tide, due to longer duration B. Diurnal tide, due to consistent water movement
C. Neap tide, due to its stability D. Spring tide, due to the greatest difference between high and low water

24. A tide gauge in Bangkok recorded a water height of 2.0 meters on 16 January. Find the time at which the first
tide falls to 2.0m? (Used the data in Tidal Prediction Form provided at the end of this questionnaire.)
A. 1235H B. 1305H C. 1435H D. 1505H

25. You are tasked with developing a routeing system to improve emergency response in a busy strait. What
innovative solution could you create to streamline emergency operations?
A. Introduce mandatory real-time GPS tracking for all vessels in the area
B. Establish a shared emergency response channel for vessels to report distress
C. Create separate emergency lanes for quick passage through congested areas
D. Implement a system that allows ships to communicate using only visual signals

26. What is the significance of Mean High Water Springs (MHWS) and Mean Low Water Springs (MLWS) in the
ATT?
A. They indicate the average water salinity levels during spring months.
B. They mark the daily fluctuation of temperature in the sea.
C. They represent tidal reference levels for calculating predicted tide heights.
D. They show the current speed at slack water during spring tides.

27. On 16 January, a dredging operation near the Port of Bangkok must pause when the tide reaches 1.9 meters,
as the water level becomes too high for safe work. At what approximate local time will the height of tide reach 1.9
meters as the tide is falling? (Used the data in Tidal Prediction Form provided at the end of this questionnaire.)
A. 2130H B. 2200H C. 1430H D. 1500H
28. Which term refers to the average height of the ocean's surface over a long period?
A. Chart Datum B. Height of Tide C. Mean Sea Level D. Spring Tide

29. A local barge operator in Pattaya wants to pass under a low bridge safely. The clearance is enough only if the
tide height is 1.0 meter or less. What is the estimated time when the tide will first fall to 1.0 meter? (Used the
data in Tidal Prediction Form provided at the end of this questionnaire.)
A. 1330H B. 1400H C. 1430H D. 1500H

30. How does an Inshore Traffic Zone differ from the main traffic lanes in a Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS)?
A. It is meant exclusively for high-speed vessels
B. It allows local traffic and smaller vessels to navigate outside the main flow of large vessels
C. It is a designated anchorage area
D. It is only applicable in polar waters

31. What does it indicate if the tidal range in the ATT between high and low water is significantly large on a
particular day?
A. The tidal station is located near the equator. B. The area is experiencing a neap tide.
C. The region has no tidal movement. D. The area is likely experiencing a spring tide.

32. A research team starts measuring beach profiles at 0430H in Pattaya. They want to record the exact height of
the tide at that moment. What is the estimated height of tide at 0430H? (Used the data in Tidal Prediction Form
provided at the end of this questionnaire.)
A. 0.7m B. 0.9m C. 1.0m D. 1.1m

33. What causes spring tides?

34. How does a Traffic Separation Scheme help reduce maritime accidents?
A. It bans ships from using narrow straits
B. It allows all ships to sail in both directions freely
C. It separates opposing traffic streams to minimize the risk of collisions
D. It removes natural obstacles from sea lanes

35. What is the height of water shown on nautical charts called?

36. During passage planning, you choose a standard port listed in Volume 2 of the ATT for tidal data. However,
your destination is a small harbor not listed. What should you do to determine tide times and heights at the
destination?
A. Use the closest listed secondary port and apply corrections based on the standard port.
B. Estimate tides using celestial navigation only.
C. Use average high water values from the previous year.
D. Apply a 12-hour cycle from the nearest standard port without correction.

37. A surveyor needs to know when the tide will reach 1.2 meters during the rising tide in Pattaya. The tide rises
between; At approximately what time will the tide reach 1.2 meters? (Used the data in Tidal Prediction Form
provided at the end of this questionnaire.)
A. 0900H B. 0930H C. 1000H D. 1030H

38. What kind of tide occurs when the Moon is at its farthest point from Earth?
A. Perigean Tide B. Apogean Tide C. Tropic Tide D. Mixed Tide

39. If a vessel encounters a natural obstacle such as a small island within a traffic lane boundary, what is the
appropriate action?
A. Reverse direction and exit the traffic lane B. Ignore the obstacle if it's within the lane
C. Change lanes without signaling D. Use the obstacle as a navigational reference but maintain the one-way flow

40. What term describes the vertical distance between chart datum and the water surface at any stage of tide?
A. Rise of tide B. Height of tide C. Mean sea level D. Charted depth

41. You are comparing tidal predictions for two secondary ports based on the same standard port. Port A has a
correction of -15 minutes and -0.4 meters; Port B has +40 minutes and +0.8 meters. What can be inferred about
their tidal behavior relative to the standard port?
A. Port A has a longer tidal lag than Port B.
B. Port B reaches high water earlier and has lower tidal range.
C. Port A experiences smaller tides and reaches high water sooner.
D. Port B reaches high water later and has a higher tide height.

42. Why are neap tides lower in range than spring tides?
A. Because the Sun and Moon are aligned
B. Because the gravitational forces of the Sun and Moon partially cancel each other
C. Because the Moon is full
D. Because it’s high tide season

43. A yacht needs to depart from a shallow marina in Pattaya before the tide falls below 1.2 meter. The marina
manager observes that the tide is currently high and is starting to fall. At what local time will the tide fall to 1.2
meter? (Used the data in Tidal Prediction Form provided at the end of this questionnaire.)
A. 1315H B. 1330H C. 2015H D. 2030H

44. What kind of tide occurs when the Moon is at maximum declination north or south of the Equator?
A. Mixed Tide B. Equatorial Tide C. Tropic Tide D. Solar Tide

45. In analyzing the effectiveness of a Ship Routeing System, which of the following would be most significant to
measure?
A. The number of ships following the routes compared to those who deviate
B. The amount of time it takes ships to pass through the system’s designated lanes
C. The number of new regulations introduced after the system's implementation
D. The size of ships that use the route compared to smaller vessels

46. A vessel is scheduled to depart a port with a predicted Low Water height of 0.2 meters at 0900H. The vessel's
draft is 1 meter, and the port's Admiralty Tide Table shows a tidal range of 2 meters. What is the best course of
action for the master?
A) Depart at 0900H, as the tide will rise soon.
B) Wait until the tide rises to at least 1 meter.
C) Depart earlier, as the tide height will not affect the vessel.
D) Cancel the departure, as the port is not suitable for the vessel.

47. If the Moon is at its perigee, how would this affect the tidal range?
A. Tidal range would be minimal B. Tidal range would be extreme, with higher high tides and lower low tides
C. Tidal range would be the same as when the Moon is at apogee D. There would be no effect on the tidal range

48. What is it called when the Earth is between the Sun and the Moon?
A. Conjunction B. Quadrature C. Perigee D. Opposition

49. You are given the responsibility to create a new precautionary area in a region with fragile marine ecosystems.
What would be the key factor to consider when determining the boundaries of this area?
A. The distance from shore and potential ship traffic routes
B. The number of ships currently navigating through the area
C. The depth of water at high tide throughout the area
D. The proximity of the area to international shipping lanes

50. You are writing a new tide table for a coastal port. What factors must you incorporate to make it accurate?
A. Lunar phases, and Earth’s rotation B. Gravitational forces, and historical tidal data
C. Both A and B D. None of the above

KEY TO CORRECTION:
1. B 11. B 21. A 31. D 41. D

2. B 12. C 22. B 32. A 42. B

3. B 13. B 23. D 33. C 43. C

4. A 14. C 24. C 34. C 44. C

5. C 15. C 25. A 35. B 45. C

6. A 16.C 26. C 36. A 46. B

7. B 17. D 27. B 37. B 47. B

8. C 18. B 28. C 38. B 48. D

9. B 19. B 29. D 39. D 49. A

10. C 20. A 30. B 40. B 50. C