Internet and Advanced communication

Internet and Advanced Communications

Internet is the most commonly used term in today’s world and plays a very
important role in the everyday life of people. But there are many questions,
answers to which people need to know. In this article, we shall help you find
answers to these questions; discuss the evolution of the Internet, its usage, benefits,
history and how the Internet works.

In terms of Computer Awareness, the Internet is one of the most important topics
in competitive exams. Thus, candidates preparing for exams like Banking,
Insurance, SSC, etc. must read on to learn more about the Internet.

Definition

Internet means interconnection of thousand of networks around the world

Vint cerf is the father of internet.

Services of Internet

 www
 website
 webpage
 email
 voicemail
 FTP
 URL
 Ecommerce
 Newsgroup
 Chatting.
WWW: it is a collection of WebPages.
Website: it is a collection of WebPages.
Webpage: it is a resource of information such as text, audio,video ,image which
can be accessed through web browser.
Email: it stands for electronic mail. It is a method of sending and receiving
messages.

Prepared by: Satish.S Lecturer in Computer Science ,Asm College ,Ballari Page 1
 Internet and Advanced communication
Voice mail: it is method a sending a message in the form of voie rather than typing
text messages.
FTP: file transfer protocol. It is process of sending file from one computer to
another computer.
URL: It stands for uniform resource locator.
E-Commerce: it is method of buying and selling of good and services with the
help of internet.
Newsgroup: it is also called discussion group used to exchange the information.
Chatting: it is the exchange of messages over the Internet that allows to establish
an electronic conversation between two or more people.

Uses of Internet

The Internet is a global networking system that can be used on most devices
nowadays and has become an essential part of our lives. In today's technological
era, most of the companies are getting their operations done over the Internet.
There are various uses of the Internet by which companies and individuals are
making their daily tasks more productive and more comfortable.

Here, we have discussed the major uses of the Internet that play a vital role in daily
life:

Prepared by: Satish.S Lecturer in Computer Science ,Asm College ,Ballari Page 2
 Internet and Advanced communication

Education

Most of the devices nowadays are connected through the Internet. The Internet has
the availability of broad educational content on any topic with different types.
People can study the relevant topic just by spending a couple of minutes over the
Internet. Internet Search engines help people quickly find the relevant study
material in multiple formats (such as images, videos, documents, etc.). This helps
eliminate the need to go to the library to read several books to find the desired
information.

Besides, the Internet has also enabled students to participate in their classes
through video conferencing, where students can connect with their teachers or
professionals anywhere in the world.

Online Banking & Trading

The way of banking has changed after the introduction of the Internet. The Internet
has made banking online where people can manage their bank accounts while
sitting at home or traveling abroad. Nowadays, most of the features of banking are
right in people's hands. With the help of online banking, people can securely
transfer the money from one account to another, change their ATM pins, apply for
the physical or virtual credit cards, update credit card limits, enable or disable
international transactions, track their transactions, and many more. Also, they can
even raise an online complaint or contact to bank's support staff.

Apart from this, the Internet has made it a lot easier for people to trade in the Stock
market from anywhere. People can easily buy, sell, or manage stocks online.

Research

The Internet is playing a significant role in the field of research. Before the use of
the Internet, it was quite hard to look for information about anything. People had to
go through hundreds of books for references to find the desired information.
However, the Internet has made it a lot easier, and anyone can find the required
information at some clicks only. In research, people can study about the success
and failed research and work further for the improvements. Uses of the Internet in
research have incredibly beneficial for the researchers.

Prepared by: Satish.S Lecturer in Computer Science ,Asm College ,Ballari Page 3
 Internet and Advanced communication

Electronic Mail

Email or electronic mail is one of the first significant uses of the Internet. The
email has enabled faster communication between people on the Internet. Using
email, people can quickly share information, data files, such as images, audio,
video, and other types of files. The use of email has significantly reduced paper
use, which was the primary source of communication in the olden days. Anyone
can have a free email address and can easily communicate with others. This has
also reduced the load on the physical mail system, although it is still in use.

Job Search

Getting a job is a lot easier than before. Any person can view relevant job
information using the Internet. Earlier, people had to go through each company
individually to know if a position was vacant or not. However, the Internet has
enabled people to find employment sitting at home to suit their interests. Many
websites provide details about job availability. Once people submit their resumes,
these websites keep informing about vacancies through email. Besides, each well-
known company has its website, where the company posts about the vacancy
opening. So, just sitting at home, people can search, apply for jobs and even give
their interviews and see or know their results.

Social Networking

Social networking sites have connected people around the world. Social
networking is an essential part of the Internet. With the help of the Internet, people
have got the ability to form social groups where they can share information,
thoughts and ideas about anything. The social networking platform is the largest
source of content, covering everything from informative content to entertainment.
The best thing is that people don't have to pay anything to use these services. This
helps businesses develop their community and promote their products.

Collaboration

Due to the Internet, communication has become easier and better. You can easily
connect with anyone on the Internet, either texting, calling or video calling. It has
created new cooperation opportunities for the people. There are several online chat
software and websites that help people create group discussions or meetings. It
helps businesses to have a hassle-free discussion. Therefore, people do not always
Prepared by: Satish.S Lecturer in Computer Science ,Asm College ,Ballari Page 4
 Internet and Advanced communication
need to travel long distances to attend meetings. This helps people avoid
unnecessary travel and save time for productive use.

Besides, there are many cloud-based software and websites that offer people to
work on the same project simultaneously at the same time. People from different
places can easily connect and support their specialties using the Internet.

Entertainment

The Internet is the most effective means of entertainment. There are various
options available on the Internet, which people can try, such as watching movies,
playing online games, listening to songs, etc. The Internet has also made it easy for
people to download entertainment items to their local storage. Using the Internet,
people can also share their videos, songs, pictures online with others. Also,
nowadays, people can watch live TV or sports on the Internet.

E-Commerce

The Internet is not just limited to ordering things; it can also be used to sell
products. Many e-commerce websites allow businesses and individuals to sell their
products. Products are purchased by these e-commerce companies, stored in their
warehouses, packaged in their brand packaging, and distributed by themselves. E-
commerce companies charge some commission to distribute goods to customers.
Also, they offer great discounts and offers to customers. The best thing is that
customers do not have to go to physical stores.

Besides, sellers can also create their website and list their products there. They can
refer to all information about the product, answer customer questions and provide
online payment options to their customers. All these things are possible on the
Internet.

File Transfer

The Internet has made file transfer between systems or devices easier. With FTP
(File Transfer Protocol), data can be securely exchanged over the Internet. FTP is
mainly beneficial when large files need to be transferred because email allows
sharing files with limited size. FTP is the best way to exchange information
between two stakeholders. This method is still quite popular and in use.

Navigation

Prepared by: Satish.S Lecturer in Computer Science ,Asm College ,Ballari Page 5
 Internet and Advanced communication
The navigation mechanism is one of the most beneficial uses of the Internet. Once
a user put the location in the online maps (such as Google maps), it provides all the
details about that location. Users can even find the best route to visit that particular
location. The map also provides the distance between the locations. The best thing
about navigation is that it will provide the shortest possible route with less traffic.
One can also search for any specific place like the nearest hotel, restaurants, banks,
ATM, etc. Apart from this, a person can share a live location with others using the
Internet and the navigation technique.

Advertising

Because most people use the Internet, it is the best means of promoting something
or advertising. There are options for paid promotion as well as free promotion.
There are many advertising platforms on the Internet that help promote products or
businesses online. These platforms advertise products on other related websites
using banners, videos, email etc. They charge for these advertisements according
to distance, keywords and audience etc. However, one can also use social media
platforms to create online groups or communities and advertise freely.

Real-time updates

The Internet is helping people to keep up with what is happening around the world.
Many news and information websites provide real-time updates on various
categories, such as politics, history, news, geology, leisure, sports, technology,
marketing, and more. One can easily select the category of interest and stay
connected with updates. The presence of e-newspapers and magazines is updating
people and helping to cut paper usage.

What is a Web Address?

The web address contains information about the location of the webpage.
It is also known as the URL (uniform resource locator).
Like the address for your home, a web address organizes information about a
webpage's location in a predictable way.

Prepared by: Satish.S Lecturer in Computer Science ,Asm College ,Ballari Page 6
 Internet and Advanced communication

This is how to break down the information using the following URL as an
example:
www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/12pdf/11-697_d1o2.pd
Types of Internet Connection
There are many connections that can be used for internet access. All the
connections have their own speed range that can be used for different purposes
like for home, or for personal use.
In this article, we will discuss different types of internet connections.

Dial-Up Connection

A dial-up connection is established between your computer and the ISP server
using a modem.
A dial-Up Connection is a cheap and traditional connection that is not preferred
these days as this type of connection is very slow.

To access the internet connection in the dial-up connection we need to dial a

phone number on the computer and that’s why it requires a telephone connection.
It requires a modem to set up a dial-up connection, which works as interference
between your computer and the telephone line. In this connection, we can use
either an internet connection or telephone at a time.

Broadband Connection

Broadband refers to high-speed internet access that is faster than traditional dial-
up access. It is provided through either cable or telephone composition. It does
not require any telephone connection that’s why here we can use telephone and

Prepared by: Satish.S Lecturer in Computer Science ,Asm College ,Ballari Page 7
 Internet and Advanced communication
internet connection simultaneously. In this connection, more than one person can
access the internet connection simultaneously.
It is a wide bandwidth data transmission that transports several signals and traffic
types. In this connection, the medium used is coaxial cable, optical fiber cable,
radio, or twisted pair cable.
DSL
DSL stands for Digital Subscriber Line. It provides an internet connection
through the telephone line(network). DSL is a form of broadband communication
that is always on, there is no need to dial a phone number to connect. DSL
connection uses a router to transport data and the speed of this connection range
between 128k to 8Mbps depending on the service offered. A DSL connection can
translate data at 5 million bytes per second, or 5mbps.
DSL service can be delivered simultaneously with wired telephone service on the
same telephone line due to high-frequency bands for data.

Cable

It is a form of broadband access cable modem that can provide extremely fast
access to the internet. The speed of this connection varies which can be different
for uploading data transmission or downloading.
It uses a cable modem to provide an internet connection and operates over cable
TV lines. The speed of cable connection ranges from 512k to 20Mbps.h

Satellite Connection

This type of connection is provided mainly in rural areas where a broadband

connection is not yet offered. It accesses the internet via a satellite that is in
Earth’s orbit.
The signal travels from a long distance that is from earth to satellite and back
again which provides a delayed connection. Satellite connection speeds range
from 512k to 2.0Mbps.

Wireless Connection

As the name suggests wireless connection does not use telephone lines or cables
to connect to the internet. The wireless connection uses a radio frequency band to
connect to the internet. It is also an always-on connection and this connection can

Prepared by: Satish.S Lecturer in Computer Science ,Asm College ,Ballari Page 8
 Internet and Advanced communication
be accessed from anywhere and speed may vary for different locations. It ranges
from 5Mbps to 20Mbps.

Cellular

Cellular technology provides wireless Internet access through cell phones. Speed
may vary depending on the service provider. The most common are 3G and 4G
which means from 3rd generation and 4th generation respectively. The speed of
the 3G cellular network is around 2.0Mbps and the 4G cellular network is around
21Mbps the goal of the 4G network is to achieve peak mobile speeds of 100Mbps
but the current speed of the 4G network is about 21Mbps
ISDN
ISDN stands for Integrated Service Digital Network and it is a circuit-switched
telephone network system, but it also provides access to packet-switched
networks that transmits both voice and data over a digital line. It provides a
packet-switched connection for data in increments of 64 kilobit/s.
ISDN connection provides better speeds and higher quality than traditional
connections. It provided a maximum of 128kbit/s bandwidth in both upstream
and downstream directions.

Web Browser Definition:

A software application used to access information on the World Wide Web is

called a Web Browser.

Example: Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Microsoft Internet Explorer, Apple

Safari, and the Opera browser.

Search engine – a web-based tool that is designed to search the content of web
pages and find particular information on the Internet.

Some popular search engines

 Google
 Bing
 Baidu
 Yahoo!
Prepared by: Satish.S Lecturer in Computer Science ,Asm College ,Ballari Page 9
 Internet and Advanced communication
 Yandex
 Ask.com
 DuckDuckGo

Email: (Electronic mail)

It is method of sending a message to individual or group of people.

Advantages of Email

Creating an email-ID,

How to create a Gmail account?

You can use your username and password to sign in to Gmail and other Google
products like YouTube, Google Play, and Google Drive. Follow the steps, create
your Gmail account and start sending emails.

Step 1: Visit Google account creation page, accounts.google.com

Step 2: Click on Create account.

Step 3: The sign-up form will appear. Enter your first and last name.

Step 4: Choose a Username for your account. (Here you can also use an existing
email address)

Step 5: After choosing a username, enter a password. Type the password again to
confirm. (As per Google's instruction always use 8 or more characters with a mix
of letters, numbers & symbols)

Step 6: At last tap on Next. (Right corner of the screen)

Step 7: On the next page enter your phone number to verify your account. (It is a
two-step verification process for security)
Prepared by: Satish.S Lecturer in Computer Science ,Asm College ,Ballari Page 10
 Internet and Advanced communication

Step 8: On the given mobile number you will receive a text message
from Google with a verification code. Enter the verification code and tap
on Verify.

Step 9: On the next page enter your DOB in the specified fields.

Step 10: Choose a Gender.

Step 11: Tap on Next.

Step 12: Read, Google's Terms of Service and Privacy Policy will appear on the
screen and click on I agree.

Congratulations! your account has been created. From now onwards every time
you sign in you just have to enter your email id and password. And every time you
sign-in don't forget to sign-out because it prevents others from viewing your
emails. Do you know how to sign-out?

Navigate to the circle(in the top-right corner of the page). Here tap on it, from the
below option, select Sign-out.

Advantages of email

1. Email is a free tool. Once you are online, there is no further expense that you
need to spend in order to send and receive messages.
2. Email is quick. Once you have finished composing a message, sending it is
as simple as clicking a button. Email, especially if an email system is
integrated into the network, is sent, delivered, and read almost immediately.
3. Email is simple. It is easy to use. Once your account is set up, composing,
sending, and receiving messages is simple. Also, email allows for the easy
and quick access of information and contacts.
4. Email allows for easy referencing. Messages that have been sent and
received can be stored and searched through safely and easily. One of the

Prepared by: Satish.S Lecturer in Computer Science ,Asm College ,Ballari Page 11
 Internet and Advanced communication
email advantages is that it is a lot easier to go through old email messages
rather than old notes written on paper.
5. Email is accessible from anywhere – as long as you have an internet
connection. Whether or not you are in the office or on the field, or even
overseas, you can access your inbox and go through your messages.
6. Another of the main email advantages is that it is paperless and therefore,
beneficial for the planet. Not only can you reduce the costs of paper, you are
actually reducing the damage paper usage does to the environment.
7. Email allows for the mass sending of messages. An effective medium to
utilize to get your message out there, you can send one particular message to
several recipients all at once.
8. Email allows for instant access to information and files. You can opt to send
yourself files and keep messages so that you have a paper trail of
conversations and interactions you have online, just in case you may need
them in the future

Disadvantages of email

1. Email lacks a personal touch. While some things are better off sent as
written and typed messages, some things should be verbally relayed or
written by hand in a note or letter.
2. Email can be disruptive. Going through each email can be disruptive to work
as it does require a bit of time. This disruption is decreased through the
utilization of an email alert system.
3. Email cannot be ignored for a long time. The thing with email is that it needs
constant maintenance. If you ignore it, more and more messages will enter
your inbox until it gets to the point that your inbox is no longer manageable.
4. Email can cause misunderstandings. Because email does not include
nonverbal communication, recipients may misinterpret the sender’s message.
This is particularly true of senders fail to go through their messages before
they send them.
5. Email messages can contain viruses. It’s best to be aware of this possibility
so that you are careful when opening messages from people you don’t know,
or when downloading attachments.

Prepared by: Satish.S Lecturer in Computer Science ,Asm College ,Ballari Page 12
 Internet and Advanced communication
6. Email should be kept short and brief. This is especially difficult if you are
one to send messages that are too long.
7. Email requires timely responses. While some people tend to disregard
messages, those that require responses should be replied to as soon as they
are received and read. If not, urgent and important messages may be left
untended.
Difference between CC and BCC :

S.No. CC BCC

1 It stands for Carbon Copy. It stands for Blind Carbon Copy.

In CC, all recipients will be Whereas, in BCC none of the

able to see each other mail recipients will be able to see each
2 address. other mail address.

Using CC, we can keep Using BCC, we can ensure the privacy
management and employees in of management and employees’ mail
3 the loop. address.

Every recipient will get all Here recipient will not get any
additional responses to the additional responses until we forward
4 email. the mail to them

It permits recipients to know

with whom the mail is being Here, recipients don’t have any idea
5 shared. with whom mail is being shared.

CC is most preferred for

keeping the stakeholders BCC is most preferred for keeping the
6. informed. mass emails and email lists.

CC makes your email list to be BCC makes your email list to be

7. visible to all recipients. invisible to all recipients.

with CC, you can loops

everyone into an ongoing with BCC, you can not be included in
8. thread. email responses.

Prepared by: Satish.S Lecturer in Computer Science ,Asm College ,Ballari Page 13
 Internet and Advanced communication

Prepared by: Satish.S Lecturer in Computer Science ,Asm College ,Ballari Page 14