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3rd Question 1

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peachypaimon
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Math 211 Spring 2025

Examples Sheet – 3
1. A Givens rotation is a linear transformation from Rn to Rn used in computer programs
to create a zero entry in a vector (usually a column of a matrix). The standard matrix
of a Givens rotation in R2 has the form
 
a −b
, a2 + b2 = 1.
b a
   
10 26
Find a and b such that is rotated into .
24 0

SDemir Page 1 of 7
Math 211 Examples Sheet – 1 Spring 2025

2. Find a and b such that     


1 0 0 2 2
0 a −b3 = 5.
0 b a 4 0
What does this say geometrically?

SDemir Page 2 of 7
Math 211 Examples Sheet – 1 Spring 2025

3. Explain why the columns of the matrix A are linearly independent.


 
1 0 0 0
2 5 0 0
A=
3

6 8 0
4 7 9 10

SDemir Page 3 of 7
Math 211 Examples Sheet – 1 Spring 2025

4. Determine the value(s) of a such that


   
1 a+2
,
a a+6

is linearly independent.

SDemir Page 4 of 7
Math 211 Examples Sheet – 1 Spring 2025

5. Consider the problem of determining whether the following system of equations is


consistent:

4x1 − 2x2 + 7x3 = −5


8x1 − 3x2 + 10x3 = −3

(a) Define appropriate vectors, and restate the problem in terms of linear combina-
tions. Then solve that problem.
(b) Define an appropriate matrix, and restate the problem using the phrase “columns
of A.”
(c) Define an appropriate linear transformation T using the matrix in (b), and
restate the problem in terms of T .

SDemir Page 5 of 7
Math 211 Examples Sheet – 1 Spring 2025
  

1 0 2
6. Prove or disprove: If A = u v w and rref(A) = 0 1 3, then the equation
0 0 0
w = 2u + 3v must hold.
(rref(A) denotes the reduced row echelon form of A.)

SDemir Page 6 of 7
Math 211 Examples Sheet – 1 Spring 2025

7. Let λ : Rn → R be linear. Show that there exists L ∈ R1×n such that λ(x) = Lx for all
x ∈ Rn . That
 is, there are a1 , a2 , ..., an ∈ R such that λ(x) = a1 x1 +a2 +x2 +...+an xn
x1
 x2 
 
where x =  .. .
.
xn

SDemir Page 7 of 7

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