AL/2022/20/T-II all rights reserved

gjpg;GupikAilaJ
Do not
write in
this
column

gFjp – II A fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs;

,t;tpilj;jhspy; midj;J ehd;F tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpilaspf;Ff
1.
(a) gpd;tUk; ‘Persons’ vDk; jutl;ltizapidf; fUJf.

PersonID FirstName LastName City

P001 John Joe Colombo
P002 Perera Silva Galle
P003 Jamuna Sivarasa Jaffna
P004 Hakeem Aslum Kandy
P005 Vimali Nathan Jaffna

(i) Persons jutl;ltizapid cUthf;Ftjw;Fg; nghUj;jkhd SQL $w;wpid

Kjd;ikr; rhtpAld; vOJf.
…..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..

(ii) ‘P003’vDk; egupdJ (person) gjptpid ml;ltizapy; Nru;g;gjw;Fj; Njitahd

SQL $w;wpid vOJf.
…..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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(iii) select PersonID,FirstName,City from Persons where City=’Jaffna’; vDk; SQL $w;whdJ
ml;ltizf;Fg; gpuNahfpf;fg;gLk;NghJ ngwg;gLfpd;w tUtpistpid vOJf.
…..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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-1- A/L ICT 2022 (Gr.13) - 4th Term

(b) gpd;tUk; jutl;ltizahdJ Copau;fs; (employees) njhlu;ghd tpguq;fisf; Do not
write in
fhl;Lfpd;wJ. this
column
Employees
EmployeeNo DepartmentNo EmployeeName Department
1 101 Amith HR
2 102 Divya IT
3 101 Rama HR

(i) jutl;ltiz xd;wpidr; nrt;td; tbtpw;F (normal form) khw;Wk;NghJ

ngwg;gLfpd;w mD$yq;fs; ,uz;bid vOJf.
…..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..

(ii) NkYs;s jutl;ltiz ve;j nrt;td; tbtpy; cs;sJ vd;gjid cupa

fhuzj;Jld; epahag;gLj;Jf.
…..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..

(iii) NkNy (ii) ,y; ePu; njuptpj;j nrt;td; tbtpw;F mLj;jjhd nrt;td; tbtpw;F
ml;ltizapid khw;Wf.
…..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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2.
(a) gpd;tUk; Nghypf;FwpKiwapidf; fUJf.

Begin
Enter a number, N
F=N
DO WHILE N >1
N=N–1
F=FxN
END WHILE
End

-2- A/L ICT 2022 (Gr.13) - 4th Term

(i) ,g; Nghypf;FwpKiwapy; 4 ,id cs;sPlhf jUk;NghJ tUtpisT ahjhf Do not
write in
,Uf;Fk;? this
column
…..………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(ii) ,g; Nghypf;FwpKiwapdJ Nehf;fj;jpidr; RUf;fkhff; Fwpg;gpLf.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(b) nrt;tfk; xd;wpdJ ePsk; (L) kw;Wk; mfyk; (B) Mfpatw;iw cs;sPL nra;J>
mjdJ Rw;wsT (P) kw;Wk; gug;gsT (A) Mfpatw;iw tUtpisTfshff;
fhl;rpg;gLj;Jtjw;fhd gpd;tUk; KOikaw;w gha;r;rw;Nfhl;Lg;glj;jpidf; fUJf.
ePsk; kw;Wk; mfyk; Nghd;wit G+r;rpaj;jpid tpl mjpfkhFk;NghJ khj;jpuNk>
Rw;wsT kw;Wk; gug;gsT Mfpatw;iwf; fzpj;J> tUtpisTfisf; fhl;rpg;gLj;j
Ntz;Lk;.
Rw;wsT = 2 x (ePsk; + mfyk;), gug;gsT = ePsk; x mfyk; vdf; nfhs;f.

Muk;gk;

……………………………………………..........

,y;iy
L>0 and B>0?

Mk;

……………………………………………...
……………………………………………...

……………………………………………..........

KbT

(c) fzpdpr;nra;epuyhf;fj;jpy; khwpfspd; (variables) Nehf;fj;jpidr; RUf;fkhf tpsf;Ff.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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-3- A/L ICT 2022 (Gr.13) - 4th Term

3. Do not
write in
(a) juTj; njhlu;ghly; kw;Wk; fzpdp tiyaikg;Gf;fs; gw;wpa gpd;tUk; $w;Wf;fisf; this
column
fUJf. fPNo jug;gl;Ls;s gl;baypy; ,Ue;J ntw;wplq;fis epug;Gtjw;Fg;
nghUj;jkhd nrhw;fisj; njupT nra;f.

[gl;bay; : tPr;r Fwpg;Ngw;wk; (amplitude modulation), rkepiy gpw;W (parity bit), Rw;W
kilkhw;wy; (circuit switching), Modem, Medium Access Control (MAC),
gl;ilafyk; (bandwidth), Pure ALOHA, kPbwd; Fwpg;Ngw;wk; (Frequency
modulation), IP, Slotted ALOHA, jpupG (distortion), nghl;ly kilkhw;wy; (packet
switching)]

(i) ve;jnthU xypgug;G tiyaikg;gpYk;> gfpug;gl;l njhlu;ghly; tha;f;fhypy;

(channel) xNu Neuj;jpy; xU epiyak; (station) kl;LNk jutpid mDg;gg;gLtij
epiyaq;fs; cWjp nra;jy; Ntz;Lk;. ,jidj; jPu;khdpg;gJ …………………………

(ii) juT tha;ff

; hy; (data channel) xd;wpdJ kPbwd; tpj;jpahrk; miof;fg;gLtJ
…………………………

(iii) Fwpg;Ngw;w rkpf;iQapd; tPrr

; j;jpw;Nfw;g (amplitude) fhtpr; rkpf;iQapd; tPr;R
khWgLfpd;wJ. mNjNtis> fhtpr; rkpf;iQapd; kPbwd; my;yJ mtj;ij (phase)
khwhky; cs;sJ ……………………………….

(iv) tupAUr;runkhd;wpYs;s 1-gpw;Wf;fspd;; nkhj;j vz;zpf;if ,ul;il vz;zhfNth

my;yJ xw;iw vz;zhfNth ,Ug;gjid cWjpg;gLj;Jk;nghUl;L Jtpjf;
FwpaPl;bd; tupAUr;ruj;jpy; gpw;W xd;W Nru;f;fg;gl;L> gpioapidf;; fz;lwpAk;
FwpaPl;bd; vspa tbtkhfg; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ ……………………...

(v) fzpdp xd;W juTfs; mDg;gg;gLtjw;F ,Uf;Fk;Nghnjy;yhk;> gadu; juT

rl;lfq;fis mDg;g KbAk; ………………………………

(vi) ,U rhjdq;fSf;fpilNa xU gpuj;Naf jfty; njhlu;G ghij cs;sJ

(Kbtplj;jpypUe;J KbT tiu). juTfs; xNu ghijapNyNa gazpf;fpd;wd. ,j;
njhopDl;gk; miof;fg;gLtJ ………………………………

(b) fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s gl;baypypUe;J kpfTk; nghUj;jkhd cUg;gbAld; (i) Kjy;

(vi) tiu nfhLf;fg;gl;l xt;nthU nrhw;nwhliuAk; nghUj;Jf:

gl;bay; : [nkd;nghUs; Xu; Nritahf (software as a service-SaaS), fUj;Jj; jpUl;L

(plagiarism) , fsthly; / tiytPry; (stealing / phishing), Kfpy; fzpdpg;gLj;jy;
(cloud computing), gzpr;R+oy; Xu; Nritahf (platform as a service-PaaS),
cl;fl;likg;G Xu; Nritahf (infrastructure as a service-IaaS]

nrhw;nwhlu;fs;:
(i) jw;gad; fzpdpfs; kw;Wk; elkhLk; rhjdq;fs; cs;spl;l fzpdp
tiyaikg;Gf;fisg; gad;gLj;JtJ> kw;Wk; ve;j Neuj;jpYk; vq;fpUe;Jk;
jfty;fis kPl;nlLg;gjw;Fk; Nrkpg;gjw;Fk; cjTfpd;w Xu; vz;zf;fUthFk;.

-4- A/L ICT 2022 (Gr.13) - 4th Term

 Do not
(ii) juT kw;Wk; nkd;nghUs; gad;ghLfis Nrkpg;gjw;fhd ntspapid (space) toq;f write in
this
Nritafq;fspd; nka;epfu; R+oiy ,J toq;Ffpd;wJ. column

(iii) nkd;nghUs; mgptpUj;jpf;fhd nka;epfu; Nritaf R+oiy ,J toq;Ffpd;wJ.

(iv) gadu;fs; jkf;Fj; Njitahd nkd;nghUis fzpdpapy; epWthky; Kfpy;

Nritafq;fspy; epWtg;gl;l nkd;nghUs; trjpfis gad;gLj;j ,J trjpfis
toq;Ffpd;wJ.

(v) ,yj;jpudpay; njhlu;ghlypy; Xu; ek;gj;jFe;j cs;nghUs; (trustworthy entity) Nghd;W

ngha;j;Njhw;wk; nfhs;tjD}lhf (masquerading)> jPa nraw;ghLfSf;fhf gadu;
ngau;> flTr;nrhy; kw;Wk; fldl;il tpguq;fs; Nghd;w jfty;fisf; ifg;gw;Wfpd;w
Xu; Kaw;rp ,JthFk;.

(vi) xUtUila Ntiy kw;Wk; vz;zq;fs; (works and ideas) Nghd;wtw;iw

,d;ndhUtu; jdJ nrhe;jk; Nghd;W gad;gLj;Jfpd;w nraw;ghL ,JthFk;.

kpfTk; nghUe;Jfpd;w nrhw;nwhlupidf; fPNoAs;s ml;ltizapDs; vOJf.

,y. cUg;gbfs;

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

(vi)

(c) RUsp (spiral) nkd;nghUs; Kiwtop khjpupapd; gpd;tUk; gbKiwfisf; fUjf.

nkd;nghUs; mgptpUj;jpg; gbKiwfspd; rupahd tupirapy; mit jug;gltpy;iy.

❶ - gadu; Vw;Gr; Nrhjid (user acceptance testing)

❷ - myFr; Nrhjid (unit testing)
❸ - Kiwikr; Nrhjid (system testing)
❹ - xUq;fpiz Nrhjid (integration testing)

fPNo jug;gLfpd;w ,ilntspapDs; ❶ ,ypUe;J ❹ tiuahd nkd;nghUs;

Nrhjidg; gbKiwfis xOq;FKiwapy; vOJf (Kfg;gilahsq;fis khj;jpuk;
vOJf).
1……………………
2……………………
3……………………
4……………………
-5- A/L ICT 2022 (Gr.13) - 4th Term
4. Do not
write in
(a) gzpnray; Kiwiknahd;wpdJ gpd;tUk; Kiwtop epiykhw;w tupg;glj;jpidf; this
column
fUJf.

ntspNaW
Gjpa
tpLtpj;jy;

mDkjpj;jy; gpujhd epidtfk;

②
mDg;Gjy;

❶ ❷
① I/O epiwT
③
nraY}f;fk; epWj;jy;
nraY}f;fk; epWj;jy; Jizf;fsQ;rpak;

④ I/O epiwT
khw;wg;gl;lJk;>
jLf;fg;gl;lJk;

(i) gpd;tUk; ml;ltizapy; ① njhlf;fk; ④ tiuahd ,yf;fq;fSf;Fg; nghUj;jkhd

gjq;fis vOJf.
Kfg;gilahsk; nghUj;jkhd gjq;fs;

(ii) NkNy jug;gl;l tupg;glj;jpy; ❶ ,w;fhd gjj;jpid vOjp> mjw;fhd Xu;

fhuzj;jpid Kd;itf;f.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(iii) NkNy jug;gl;l tupg;glj;jpy; ❷ ,w;fhd gjj;jpid vOjp> mjw;fhd Xu;

fhuzj;jpid Kd;itf;f.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(b) ,izg;G xJf;flP ;bd;NghJ Nfhg;gpdJ xU njhFjp (block) 124 igw;Wf;fisg;

gad;gLj;Jfpd;wJ vdf; nfhs;f. Mdhy; eilKiwapy; ehd;F njhFjpfSf;F 500
igw;Wf;fs; Njitg;gLfpd;wd. ,J Vd; epfo;fpd;wJ vdr; RUf;fkhf tpsf;Ff.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
****
-6- A/L ICT 2022 (Gr.13) - 4th Term
 gFjp – II B
ahjhapDk; ehd;F tpdhf;fSf;F khj;jpuk; tpilaspf;Ff.
5. gpd;tUk; jUf;fr; Rw;wpidf; fUJf.

A
B
C

(a) NkNy jug;gl;l jUf;fr; Rw;wpdJ tUtpisT F ,w;fhd G+ypad; Nfhitapid

vOJf.
(b) NkNy (a) y; ngwg;gl;l G+ypad; Nfhitf;fhd nka;al;ltizapid mikf;f.
(c) NkNy (a) y; ngwg;gl;l G+ypad; Nfhitapidr; RUf;Ftjw;F fhu;dh tupg;glj;jpidg;
gad;gLj;Jf.
(d) NkNy (c) y; RUf;fpg; ngwg;gl;l G+ypad; Nfhitapidg; gad;gLj;jp jUf;fr;Rw;wpid
NAND jUf;fg;gliyfis khj;jpuk; gad;gLj;jp kPz;Lk; tiuf.

6. gpd;tUk; epiyikapidf; fUJf.

epWtdk; xd;W jfty; Kiwikfs;> tpw;gid> epjp kw;Wk; re;ijg;gLj;jy; Nghd;w
ehd;F jpizf;fsq;fSf;Fk; ehd;F ,lj;Jup tiyaikg;Gf;fs; (LANs) cs;sd.
xt;nthU jpizf;fsKk; fPNo jug;gl;l ml;ltizapy; cs;s fzpdpfspd;
vz;zpf;ifiaf; nfhz;Ls;sd.

jpizf;fsq;fs; xt;nthU jpizf;fsj;jpYKs;s

fzpdpfspd; vz;zpf;if
jfty; Kiwikfs; 12
tpw;gid 19
epjp 13
re;ijg;gLj;jy; 10

-7- A/L ICT 2022 (Gr.13) - 4th Term

 xU IP njhFjp 195.4.3.0/27 MdJ jfty; Kiwikfs; KfhikahsUf;F epu;thfpf;F
toq;fg;gLfpd;wJ. jfty; Kiwikfs; Kfhikahsu; xt;nthU jpizf;fsj;jpw;Fk;
midj;Jf; fZf;fSf;Fkhd (nodes) IP Kftupfis xJf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,e;
Nehf;fj;jpw;fhf ehd;F cgtiyaikg;Gf;fs; mikf;fg;glTs;sd mj;Jld; ,t;
tiyaikg;G Copau;fspd; ,izag; gad;ghl;bw;fhf xU nghJ IP KftupAld;
,izf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. xt;nthU jpizf;fsKk; xU gpuNjrj;jpy; ntt;NtW
fl;blq;fspy; mike;Js;sd. xt;nthU jpizf;fsj;jpYk; jdpj;jdpahd xt;nthU
tiyaikg;G mr;Rg;gjpg;gpfs; cs;sd. tiyaikg;gpdJ ghJfhg;gpw;fhf jPr;Rtu;
xd;W epWtg;gl;Ls;sJ kw;Wk; ehd;F Mspfs;> tiyaikg;G tlq;fs;> gjpyhs;
(proxy) Nritafk; kw;Wk; DHCP Nritafk; Mfpait ,e;Nehf;fj;jpw;fhf
tiyaikg;G epu;thfpf;F toq;fg;gLfpd;wJ. jfty; Kiwikfs; jpizf;fsk;
Neubahf ,izaj;Jld; ,izf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.

,e; epiyikf;fhd Xu; tiyaikg;G tupg;glj;jpid tiuf. midj;J IP Kftupfs;>

tiyaikg;G ,izg;G rhjdq;fs; kw;Wk; Nritafq;fs; Mfpatw;iwj; njspthff;
fhl;Lf. IP Kftupfis tpidj;jpwd;kpf;f Kiwapy; xJf;Ftjw;F VLSM (khWfpd;w
ePsKila cgtiykiwKfk;) Kiwapid khj;jpuk; gad;gLj;Jf.

mjw;fhf IP Kftupfis xJf;Ftjw;Fg; gpd;tUk; ml;ltizapid Xu; cjtpahfg;

gad;gLj;Jf.

jpizf;fsq;fs; tiyaikg;G xypgug;G Kftup cgtiy gad;gL IP

Kftup kiwKfk; Kftup tPr;R
jfty;
Kiwikfs;
tpw;gid

epjp

re;ijg;gLj;jy;

7. Rfhjhug; guhkupg;Gf; fk;gdp xd;W cly; jpzpTr; Rl;bapidf; Fwpg;gpLtjw;F (Body

Mass Index - BMI), xU nry;yplg; gpuNahfj;jpid (mobile app) cUthf;fj;
jpl;lkpLfpd;wJ. mtu;fsJ Nehahsu;fs; jkJ cauj;jpw;Nfw;w (Height - H) NghJkhd
epiwapidf; (Weight - W) nfhz;bUf;fpd;whu;fsh vd;gjid mjd;%yk; njupe;J
nfhs;tu;.
,f;fzpj;jypw;Fg; gad;gLj;jg;gl;l R+j;jpuk; gpd;tUkhW: BMI = W / H2
,q;F cauk; kPw;wupYk;> epiw fpNyhfpuhkpYk; msf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

(a) NkNy jug;gl;l R+j;jpuj;jpidg; gad;gLj;jp BMI ,idf; fzpg;gjw;fhd xU

Nghypf;FwpKiwapid vOJf.
(b) BMI ,idf; fzpg;gjw;fhd xU gha;r;rw;Nfhl;Lg;glj;jpid tiuf. mjpy;
cs;sPl;L khwpfs; H kw;Wk; W MFk;. tUtpisTfshf BMI kw;Wk; Rfhjhu
tifapdk; (category) Nghd;wit (BMI ,w;Nfw;w tifapy;) fhl;rpg;gLj;jg;gly;
Ntz;Lk;.

gpd;tUk; epge;jidj; juTfs; tifapidj; jPu;khdpg;gjw;Fg; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd.

-8- A/L ICT 2022 (Gr.13) - 4th Term

 BMI Rfhjhu tifapdk;
18.5 ,w;Ff; FiwthdJ Underweight
18.5 ,ypUe;J 25.0 tiu Normal
25.0 ,id tpl mjpfk; kw;Wk; 30.0 tiu Overweight
30.0 ,id tpl mjpfk; Obesity

8. gpd;tUk; epiyikapidf; fUJf.

ghlrhiy xd;W Mrpupau;fSf;fhd Xu; jfty; Kiwikapid mKy;gLj;Jtjw;Fj;

jpl;lkpLfpd;wJ. ,k; KiwikapdJ Nehf;fk; Mrpupau;fspd; filikfisAk;>
gzpfisAk; ,dq;fz;L Kfhik nra;tjhFk;. ,k; Kiwik Mrpupau;fs;>
tFg;Gf;fs; kw;Wk; midj;J ghlq;fs; gw;wpa jfty;fisf; fsQ;rpag;gLj;Jtjw;Fj;
juTj;jsk; xd;wpidg; gad;gLj;Jfpd;wJ.

Mrpupau; gjptpyf;fk;> ngau;> njhiyNgrp vz;> epakdj;jpfjp> gadu;ngau;>

flTr;nrhy; kw;Wk; gzp tfpghfk; (Mrpupau; my;yJ mjpgu;) Nghd;w tplaq;fs;
mjpy; gjpag;gLfpd;wd. midj;J Mrpupau;fs; kw;Wk; mjpgu; MfpNahu; ,k;
Kiwikapidf; ifahs KbAk;. xt;nthU juj;jpw;Fkhd midj;Jg; ghlq;fSk;
gjpag;gLtJld; mit jdpj;Jtkhf milahsg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd. ghlf;FwpaPl;L
vz; ghlg;ngau;> kw;Wk; juk; Mfpait ,k; Kiwikapy; gjpag;gLfpd;wd.
Mrpupau;fSf;fhd ghlq;fs; xJf;fg;gLfpd;wd. mNdfkhd Mrpupau;fs; xU
ghlj;jpw;F xJf;fg;gLfpd;wdu;. rpy re;ju;g;gq;fspy;> xU Mrpupau;fs; xd;wpw;F
Nkw;gl;l ghlq;fisf; fw;gpf;fpd;wdu;. xU Fwpg;gpl;l ghlj;jpw;F xd;wpw;F Nkw;gl;l
Mrpupau;fs; xJf;fg;gl KbAk;. fy;Y}upapy; xU juj;jpw;F ehd;F tFg;Gf;fs;
cs;sd. xt;nthU tFg;giwAk; Xu; tFg;giwf; FwpaPl;bdhy; (class code)
jdpj;Jtkhf milahsg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wdu;. tFg;giwf; FwpaPL> juk; kw;Wk;
tFg;ghrpupau; tpguq;fs; Nrkpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. xU Mrpupau; xU tFg;gpw;F khj;jpuk;
tFg;ghrpupauhf epakpf;fg;gLtJld;> xU tFg;G xU tFg;ghrpupaiu khj;jpuk;
nfhz;bUf;Fk;.

NkYs;s epiyikf;fhd ER tupg;glj;jpid tiue;J> xt;nthU cs;nghUs; (entity)

kw;Wk; njhlu;Gilik (relationship) tifapdJ gz;Gfis (attributes)
milahsq;fhz;gJld;> gpujhd rhtpfisAk; (primary keys) milahsg;gLj;Jf.
ahjhapDk; vLNfhs;fs; ckJ tbtikg;gpy; mtrpakhapd; mtw;iw vLj;Jiuf;f.

9.
(a) Kiwik njhlu;gpy; nray;rhu; Njitg;ghLfs; (functional requirements) kw;Wk;
nray;rhuhj Njitg;ghLfs; (non-functional requirements) Mfpatw;iwr; RUf;fkhf
tpsf;Ff.

(b) gpd;tUk; epiyikapidf; fUJf.

kPr;re;ij rq;fpyp (super market chain) xd;W fzpdp mbg;gilapyhd tpw;gidj;

jfty; Kiwikapidg; gad;gLj;Jfpd;wJ. thbf;ifahsu;fs; nghUl;fisj;
Njbg;ngw;W tpw;gidf; fUkgPlj;jpid mile;J jkJ gw;Wr;rPl;Lf;fisg; ngw;Wf;
nfhs;thu;fs;.

-9- A/L ICT 2022 (Gr.13) - 4th Term

 (A) juTj;jskhdJ thbf;ifahsu;fspd; 100,000 gjpTfSf;F ,lkspf;ff; $bajhf
,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
(B) tpw;gid cjtpahahsu; gw;Wr;rPl;bidj; jahupf;ff; $bajhf ,Uj;jy;.
(C) tpw;gid cjtpahsu; KiwikapDs; nghUl;fisj; Njb mtw;wpdJ
tpiyfisr; rupghu;f;ff; $bathW ,Uj;jy;.
(D) 5 epkplj;jpy; 10 thbf;ifahsu;fspd; gw;Wr;rPl;bidj; jahupf;ff; $bajhf
KiwikahdJ ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
(E) tpw;gid cjtpahsu;fs; thbf;ifahsu; jUfpd;w nghUl;fis KiwikapDs;
cs;sPL nra;af;$bathW ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
(F) tpw;gid cjtpahsu;fs; nghUl;fspd; nkhj;jr; nrytpidf; fzpf;ff;$bathW
,Uj;jy;.
(G) tpw;gid cjtpahsu;fs; Kjy; ntw;wpfukhd GFgjpiff;Fg; (login) gpd;>
Muk;gj;jpy; xJf;fg;gl;l cs;EioT flTr;nrhy;iy cldbahf khw;wf; $bajhf
,Uj;jy;.
(H) xt;nthU tpw;gid cjtpahsUk; KiwikapDs; EioAk; NghJ %d;W
nrf;fd;fSf;Fs; Kiwik Vw;wf;$bajhf (load) ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.

njhluwh guPl;ir Kiwikapd; gadu; Njitg;ghLfis NkNy Fwpg;gpl;Ls;s

nray;rhu; my;yJ nray;rhuhj Njitg;ghLfshf tifg;gLj;Jf (mtw;wpd;
Kfg;gilahsq;fis khj;jpuk; vOjpdhy; NghJkhdJ).

(c) thbf;ifahsuhy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpd;w Gj;jfq;fSf;fhd fl;lis Kiwtopahf;f

Kiwik (order processing system) gw;wpa gpd;tUk; epiyikapidf; fUJf.

thbf;ifahsu;fs; Gj;jfq;fSf;fhd fl;lisfis (orders) toq;Ftu;. mf; fl;lis

tpguq;fs; Kiwtopg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd. fl;lis tpguq;fs; fl;lisf; Nfhg;gpw;F
mDg;gg;gLfpd;wd. thbf;ifahsu; ngau;> Kftup Mfpad thbf;ifahsu;
Nfhg;gpypUe;J ngwg;gLfpd;wd. gl;bayply; (billing) tpguq;fs; tpiyg;gl;bay;
(invoice) Nfhg;gpw;F mDg;gg;gLfpd;wd. tpiyg;gl;bay; Nfhg;gpypUe;J
tpiyg;gl;bay; tpguq;fs; ngwg;gl;L nfhLg;gdTfs; (payments) Nrfupf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
,jd;NghJ thbf;ifahsu; Nfhg;gpypUe;J thbf;ifahsu; ngau;> Kftup Mfpa
tpguq;fs; ngwg;gLfpd;wd. fl;lis tpguq;fs; typjw;wit vdpd;> mj;jfty;
thbf;ifahsUf;F mDg;gg;gLfpd;wd. fl;lisf; Nfhg;gpypUe;J fg;gNyw;wy;
(shipping) tpguq;fs; ngwg;gl;L> mtw;wpd; mbg;gilapy; Gj;jfq;fisf;
fg;gNyw;Wtjw;fhd Kiwtop Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpd;wJ. ,jd;NghJ thbf;ifahsu;
Nfhg;gpypUe;J thbf;ifahsu; tpguq;fs; ngwg;gLfpd;wd. mj;Jld;
fsQ;rpaj;jpypUe;J (warehouse) Gj;jfq;fs; ngwg;gLfpd;wd. thbf;ifahsu; fl;lz
tprhuizapid Nkw;nfhs;thu;. mtUf;F tpiyg;gl;bay; $w;Wf;fs;
mDg;gg;gLfpd;wd. ,Wjpapy; Gj;jfq;fs; thbf;ifahsUf;F mDg;gg;gLfpd;wd.

fl;lis Kiwtopahf;f Kiwikf;fhd Kjyhk; kl;l juT gha;r;ry; tupg;glk; (Level

-1 DFD) fPNo jug;gLfpd;wJ.

-10- A/L ICT 2022 (Gr.13) - 4th Term

 typjw;w fl;lis
thbf;ifahsu;

M1 ② ③

fl;lis tpguq;fs;
1.0 fg;gNyw;wy; tpguq;fs; Gj;jfq;fs;

① fl;lisapid
Kiwtopg;gLj;jy; 2.0

④ ⑥
gl;bayply; tpguq;fs; thbf;ifahsu;
tpguq;fs;

M2 ⑤ thbf;ifahsu;
M3
⑦

tpiyg;gl;bay; tpguq;fs; thbf;ifahsu; ngau;> Kftup

3.0
⑧ thbf;ifahsu;
nfhLg;gdTfisr;
Nrfupj;jy;

① njhlf;fk; ⑧ tiu ,ilntspfisg; nghUj;jkhd nrhw;fisg; gad;gLj;jp

epug;Gf.

① ……………………………………………………………
② ……………………………………………………………
③ ……………………………………………………………
④ ……………………………………………………………
⑤ ……………………………………………………………
⑥ ……………………………………………………………
⑦ ……………………………………………………………
⑧ ……………………………………………………………

****

-11- A/L ICT 2022 (Gr.13) - 4th Term