Name: Muhammad Muwahid Cheema
Roll No: BSEF24M040
Subject: Computer Organization & Assembly Language
Pre lab # 4
1. Write a program to display a “?”, read two capital letters, and display them on the next
line in alphabetical order.
.MODEL SMALL
.STACK 100H
.DATA
.CODE
MAIN PROC
;PRINT ?
MOV DL,'?'
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
;INPUT # 1
MOV AH,01
INT 21H
MOV BL,AL
;INPUT # 2
MOV AH,01
INT 21H
MOV BH,AL
;COMPARISON OF ALPHABETS
CMP BL,BH
JNLE DISPLAY_2ND
;DISPLAY_1ST_FIRST
DISPLAY_1ST:
MOV DL,10
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
MOV DL,13
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
MOV DL,BL
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
MOV DL,BH
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
JMP END_
;DISPLAY_2ND_FIRST
DISPLAY_2ND:
MOV DL,10
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
MOV DL,13
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
MOV DL,BH
MOV AH,02
INT 21h
MOV DL,BL
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
;END_PROGRAM
END_:
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
MAIN ENDP
END MAIN
2. Write a program to display the extended ASCII characters (ASCII codes 80h to FFh).
Display 10 characters per line, separated by blanks. Stop after the extended characters
have been displayed once.
.MODEL SMALL
.STACK 100H
.DATA
INCR DB 80H
SPACE DB ' ','$'
.CODE
MAIN PROC
MOV AX,@DATA
MOV DS,AX
WHILE:
;CHECK IF IT REACHES FFH
CMP INCR,0FFH
JE EXIT
;PRINTS CHARACTER
MOV DL,INCR
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
;PRINTS SPACE
MOV DL,OFFSET SPACE
MOV AH,09H
INT 21H
;INCREASE CHARACTER
INC INCR
;JUMPS TO WHILE
JMP WHILE
EXIT:
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
MAIN ENDP
END MAIN
3. Write a program that will prompt the user to enter a hex digit character ("0"..."9" or
"A"..."F"), display it on the next line in decimal, and ask the user if he or she wants to do
it again. If the user types "y" or "Y", the program repeats; if the user types anything else,
the program terminates. If the user enters an illegal character, prompt the user to try
again.
4. Do programming exercise 3, except that if the user fails to enter a hex-digit character
in three tries, display a message and terminate the program.
.MODEL SMALL
.STACK 100H
.DATA
PEND DB 'YOU HAVE ENTERED 3 IN-VALID SYMBOLS!$'
ENTRY DB 'ENTER A HEX-DIGIT: $'
DECI DB 'IN DECIMAL IT IS: $'
VAR DB 'DO YOU WANT TO ENTER ANOTHER NUMBER? $'
CHOICE DB 0AH
.CODE
MAIN PROC
;MOVES DATA TO DS
MOV AX,@DATA
MOV DS,AX
;SET COUNTER FOR INPUT VALIDATION
MOV CX,03
;STARTS THE PROCESS
START:
;TAKES CURSOR TO NEXT LINE
MOV DL,10
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
;TAKES CURSOR TO LEFT
MOV DL,13
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
;ENTRY PRINTER
MOV DL,OFFSET ENTRY
MOV AH,09
INT 21H
;TAKES INPUT
MOV AH,01
INT 21H
MOV BL,AL
;CHECKS HEXA-DIGIT
CMP BL,'9'
JBE IS_DIGIT
CMP BL,'F'
JBE IS_ALPHABET
;CONFIRMS VALIDATION
DEC CX
CMP CX,0
JE TERMINATOR
JMP START
;CHANGE DIGIT TO DECIMAL
IS_DIGIT:
SUB BL,30H
ADD BL,30H
JMP DISPLAY
;CHANGE ALPHABET TO DECIMAL
IS_ALPHABET:
;TAKES CURSOR TO NEXT LINE
MOV DL,10
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
;TAKES CURSOR TO LEFT
MOV DL,13
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
;DECIMAL STRING PRINT
MOV DL,OFFSET DECI
MOV AH,09
INT 21H
;PRINTS DECIMALS
MOV DL,31H
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
SUB BL,11H
;DISPLAY DECIMAL
MOV DL,BL
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
JMP GET_CHOICE
DISPLAY:
;TAKES CURSOR TO NEXT LINE
MOV DL,10
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
;TAKES CURSOR TO LEFT
MOV DL,13
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
;DECIMAL STRING PRINT
MOV DL,OFFSET DECI
MOV AH,09
INT 21H
;PRINTS DECIMALS
MOV DL,BL
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
GET_CHOICE:
;TAKES CURSOR TO NEXT LINE
MOV DL,10
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
;TAKES CURSOR TO LEFT
MOV DL,13
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
;DISPLAY CHOICE MSG
MOV DL,OFFSET VAR
MOV AH,09
INT 21H
;GET CHOICE
MOV AH,01
INT 21H
MOV CHOICE,AL
;CHECK CHOICE VALIDATION
CMP CHOICE,'Y'
JE START
CMP CHOICE,'y'
JE START
CMP CHOICE,'N'
JMP END_
CMP CHOICE,'n'
JMP END_
JMP END_
;PRINTS MESSAGE IN CASE OF 3 WRONG TRIES
TERMINATOR:
;TAKES CURSOR TO NEXT LINE
MOV DL,10
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
;TAKES CURSOR TO LEFT
MOV DL,13
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
;STRING PRINTER
MOV DL,OFFSET PEND
MOV AH,09
INT 21H
;END THE PROGRAM
END_:
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
;END THE PROGRAM
MAIN ENDP
END MAIN
5. (hard) Write a program that reads a string of capital letters, ending with a carriage
return, and displays the longest sequence of consecutive alphabetically increasing capital
letters read.
.MODEL SMALL
.STACK 100H
.DATA
BUFFER DB 50
DB ?
DB 50 DUP(?)
MSG1 DB 'Enter a string: $'
MSG2 DB 'You entered: $'
.CODE
MAIN PROC
MOV AX, @DATA
MOV DS, AX
;Display "Enter a string:"
MOV AH, 09H
MOV DX, OFFSET MSG1
INT 21H
;Input string
MOV AH, 0AH
MOV DX, OFFSET BUFFER
INT 21H
;TAKES CURSOR TO NEW LINE
MOV DL,10
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
;TAKES CURSOR TO LEFT
MOV DL,13
MOV AH,02
INT 21H
;Display "You entered:"
MOV AH, 09H
MOV DX, OFFSET MSG2
INT 21H
;Print the string entered
MOV SI, OFFSET BUFFER + 2
MOV CL, [BUFFER + 1]
MOV CH, 0
PRINT_LOOP:
MOV DL, [SI]
MOV AH, 02H
INT 21H
INC SI
LOOP PRINT_LOOP
; Exit program
MOV AH, 4CH
INT 21H
MAIN ENDP
END MAIN
