MCQs on Bond Length & Bond Multiplicity

1. Which of the following bonds will have the shortest bond length?
a) C—C
b) C=C
c) C≡C
d) All have the same bond length

💡 Hint: Higher bond order = shorter bond length

2. Arrange the following molecules in increasing order of bond length:

a) N₂, O₂, F₂
b) O₂, N₂, F₂
c) F₂, O₂, N₂
d) N₂, F₂, O₂

💡 Hint: Check their bond orders!

3. Which statement is true regarding bond length?

a) Bond length increases with an increase in bond order
b) Bond length decreases with an increase in bond order
c) Bond length is not affected by bond order
d) Bond length is maximum for triple bonds

💡 Hint: Bond order is just the number of chemical bonds between two
atoms in a molecule. It tells you how strong and stable a bond is!

Yes! Bond order and bond multiplicity basically mean the same thing! 🎯

 Bond order tells you how many bonds exist between two atoms.
 Bond multiplicity is another way of saying the same thing (single, double, or triple
bond).

 So, if someone asks:

✅ What is the bond order of O₂? → 2 (because O=O has a double bond)
✅ What is the bond multiplicity of O₂? → 2 (because it's a double bond)
 Higher bond order = Higher bond multiplicity = Stronger & shorter bond.

4. If the bond order of a molecule increases, what happens to its bond strength and
bond length?
a) Bond strength increases, bond length increases
b) Bond strength increases, bond length decreases
c) Bond strength decreases, bond length increases
d) Bond strength decreases, bond length decreases
💡 Hint: Higher bond order = Higher bond multiplicity = Stronger & shorter bond.

5. Which of the following molecules has the longest bond length?

a) O₂
b) N₂
c) F₂
d) CO

💡 Hint: Bond length depends on bond order and atomic size!

Electronic Repulsion – The Battle of Negative Charges ⚡

Electrons are negatively charged, and like charges repel each other. Electronic repulsion
refers to the push or force that electrons exert on each other because they don’t want to be
close.

MCQs on Lone Pairs and Bonding Pairs (The concepts are written in rough
note- the big blue one!)

1. Which of the following molecules has two lone pairs on the central atom?
a) CO₂ (doesn’t have any)
b) NH₃ (has 1 lone pair)
c) H₂O (has two lone pairs!)
d) CH₄ (doesn’t have any)

2. In a molecule of water (H₂O), the oxygen atom has:

a) 1 lone pair and 2 bonding pairs
b) 2 lone pairs and 2 bonding pairs
c) 3 lone pairs and 1 bonding pair
d) 3 bonding pairs and 1 lone pair

3. What is the shape of the ammonia (NH₃) molecule?

a) Linear
b) Bent
c) Trigonal pyramidal
d) Tetrahedral

4. Which of the following pairs of atoms are connected by a single bond in their Lewis
structure?
a) H—O
b) O=O
c) N≡N
d) Cl—Cl

5. If a molecule has 3 bonding pairs and 1 lone pair on the central atom, what would be
its molecular geometry?
a) Trigonal planar
b) Tetrahedral
c) Trigonal pyramidal
d) Bent

Here are some MCQs on Chemical Reactivity to test your understanding! 🧪🔥

1. Which of the following elements is the most reactive?

a) Sodium (Na)
b) Gold (Au)
c) Helium (He)
d) Carbon (C)

2. Which factor affects the chemical reactivity of an element the most?

a) Number of isotopes
b) Electron configuration
c) Atomic mass
d) Shape of the nucleus

3. Which of the following statements is true about alkali metals?

a) They are highly reactive because they have one valence electron.
b) They are non-reactive and do not form compounds.
c) Their reactivity decreases as you go down the group.
d) They are less reactive than noble gases.

4. Why is fluorine the most reactive nonmetal?

a) It has a large atomic size.

b) It has a strong tendency to lose electrons.
c) It has a strong tendency to gain an electron and complete its octet.
d) It has the weakest electronegativity.

5. Which of the following metals reacts explosively with water?

a) Magnesium (Mg)
b) Iron (Fe)
c) Potassium (K)
d) Silver (Ag)

Bonus: Challenge Question!

💡 Which of these will react faster: a big chunk of metal or the same metal in powdered
form? Why?

🔥 Let's check your answers! 🔥

Correct Answers:

(a) Sodium (Na) ✅ – Most reactive because it's an alkali metal.

b) Electron configuration ✅ – Determines reactivity the most.
a) They are highly reactive because they have one valence electron ✅ – Alkali metals love
to lose that one electron!
(c) It has a strong tendency to gain an electron and complete its octet ✅ – Fluorine wants
that one extra electron badly!
(c) Potassium (K) ✅ – Alkali metals (like K) react explosively with water!

💯 5/5! PERFECT SCORE! 🎉 You're killing it! 🔥

Now, what about the bonus question? 🤔 Will powdered metal or a big chunk react faster?
And why? 😏

🔥 Correct! 🔥 Powdered metal will react faster than a big chunk. But why? 🤔

Reason: More Surface Area = Faster Reaction! 🚀

Foundation (LECTURE 1) LEVEL 1

Q1) How Does Bond Polarity Affect Chemical Reactivity?

Polar Bonds = Higher Reactivity ⚡

 In a polar bond, electrons are unevenly shared because one atom is more
electronegative than the other.
  This creates partial charges (δ+ and δ−), making the molecule more likely to react
with opposite charges.
 Example: HCl (Hydrochloric acid) – The bond between H (δ⁺) and Cl (δ⁻) is
highly polar, making HCl very reactive!

Nonpolar Bonds = Lower Reactivity 😴

 In a nonpolar bond, electrons are shared equally, so there are no strong partial
charges to attract other molecules for reaction.
 Example: N₂ (Nitrogen gas) – The N≡N triple bond is nonpolar and super strong,
making N₂ very unreactive (which is why 78% of the air is nitrogen but doesn’t react
easily!).

Correct Answer: (C) Both of these ✅

Explanation:

 Polarity of a bond (A) affects reactivity because polar bonds create partial charges,
making molecules more likely to react.
o Example: HCl is highly reactive because of its polar H—Cl
bond.

 Bond energy (B) affects reactivity because weaker bonds break more easily, making
reactions faster.
o Example: F-F bond in fluorine (F₂) is weak, so fluorine is
extremely reactive.

Since both polarity and bond energy influence chemical reactivity, the correct answer is
C) Both of these. 🎯🔥

Q4) 💡 General trend: Single > Double > Triple

Memorize common bond lengths:

 C—C (single) = 1.54 Å

 C=C (double) = 1.34 Å
 C≡C (triple) = 1.20 Å

Q5) Let's break it down and figure out which molecule requires the most bond energy! 🔥

Bond Energy Considerations:

 Bond energy is the energy required to break a bond between two atoms. Stronger
bonds have higher bond energy.

Nitrogen (N₂)
  The N≡N triple bond is very strong because nitrogen has high electronegativity
and small atomic size, making the bond very tight.
 Bond energy for N≡N is around 9.76 eV.

Oxygen (O₂)

 The O=O double bond is relatively strong but not as strong as a triple bond.
Oxygen is more electronegative than nitrogen, but double bonds are generally
weaker than triple bonds.
 Bond energy for O=O is around 5.12 eV.

Carbon Monoxide (CO)

 The C≡O triple bond is also very strong, and carbon and oxygen both have high
electronegativity, which makes the bond quite stable.
 Bond energy for C≡O is around 11.9 eV (higher than N₂!).

Hydrogen (H₂)

 The H—H single bond is relatively weak compared to N₂, O₂, and CO because
hydrogen has a low atomic size and low electronegativity.
 Bond energy for H—H is around 4.5 eV.

Conclusion:

The molecule that requires more bond energy is:

C) CO (Carbon Monoxide) 🔥

Why?

 C≡O (triple bond) has the highest bond energy because it is short and strong due to
the high electronegativity of both carbon and oxygen and the triple bond being
stronger than double or single bonds.

 Yes! Here's a simple table of approximate bond energy values in kJ/mol, grouped
for easy memorization:
  Single Bonds (Weakest)
Bon
Bond Energy (kJ/mol)
d

H–H 436

C–H 412

C–C 348

C–O 360

C–N 305

146 (very weak due to lone pair

O–O
repulsions)

F–F 158 (also weak due to lone pairs)



 Double Bonds (Stronger)

Bon Bond Energy
d (kJ/mol)

C=C 612

C=O 745

C=N 615

O=O 498


 Triple Bonds (Strongest)

Bon
Bond Energy (kJ/mol)
d

C≡C 837

C≡N 891

N≡N 945

1077 (stronger than N₂ due to partial ionic

C≡O
character)
Bond energy and bond strength are related but not identical concepts. Let me break it down:

Bond Energy (Bond Dissociation Energy)

 Definition: The amount of energy required to break a bond in a molecule.

 Measured in: kJ/mol
 Higher bond energy = more energy needed to break the bond = stronger bond
 Example:
o C≡C (triple bond) → 837 kJ/mol (takes a lot of energy to break)
o C-C (single bond) → 348 kJ/mol (easier to break)

Bond Strength

 Definition: How strongly atoms are held together in a bond.

 Determined by:
1. Bond Order → More bonds = stronger bond.
 Triple bonds > Double bonds > Single bonds
2. Atomic Size → Smaller atoms form stronger bonds.
 F-F is weak (158 kJ/mol) because fluorine atoms repel each other.
3. Electronegativity → Bigger difference = stronger bond (like in HF).