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Course Outline IR Since 1945

The document outlines significant events and agreements from the Cold War era, starting from the Yalta Conference in 1945 to the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. It highlights key developments such as the Truman Doctrine, the formation of NATO, the Cuban Missile Crisis, and the Reagan Doctrine. The summary encapsulates the evolution of international relations and the geopolitical landscape during this period.

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5 views2 pages

Course Outline IR Since 1945

The document outlines significant events and agreements from the Cold War era, starting from the Yalta Conference in 1945 to the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. It highlights key developments such as the Truman Doctrine, the formation of NATO, the Cuban Missile Crisis, and the Reagan Doctrine. The summary encapsulates the evolution of international relations and the geopolitical landscape during this period.

Uploaded by

adeeb52ch
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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IR since 1945 (DR.

Fakhara Shahid)
Course Outline
1940s
1. Yalta Conference (February 1945): Division of Germany into four occupation zones;
agreement on free elections in Eastern Europe.
2. Potsdam Conference (July 1945): Finalization of Germany's partition; Truman informs
Stalin about nuclear weapons.
3. Atomic Bombings (August 1945): Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings by the U.S.,
marking the start of nuclear diplomacy
4. Iron Curtain Speech (March 1946): Winston Churchill declares the division between
Eastern and Western Europe
5. Truman Doctrine (March 1947): U.S. commitment to containing communism, starting
with aid to Greece and Turkey
6. Marshall Plan (June 1947): Economic aid to rebuild Western Europe and counter Soviet
influence
7. Berlin Blockade and Airlift (1948–1949): Soviet blockade of Berlin;
Western allies provide airlift support.

1950s
1. Berlin Blockade and Airlift (1948–1949): Soviet blockade of Berlin; Western allies
respond with airlift operations
2. Formation of NATO (1949): Military alliance among Western nations to counter Soviet
threats
3. Korean War (1950–1953): North Korea invades South Korea; UN forces intervene, marking a
proxy war between superpowers
4. Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) (1954) :

Created to prevent communist expansion in Southeast Asia. Members: U.S., UK, France, Australia, New
Zealand, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand . Largely ineffective due to internal disputes and limited regional
participation.

5. Baghdad Pact/Central Treaty Organization (CENTO) (1955) :

Alliance formed to counter Soviet influence in the Middle East.

Members included Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Pakistan, and the UK; dissolved in 1979 after losing relevance.
6. Warsaw Pact (1955): Soviet-led military alliance formed in response to NATO.
7. Hungarian Revolution (1956): Soviet suppression of anti-communist uprising in
Hungary.
1960s
1. Bay of Pigs Invasion (1961): Failed U.S.-backed attempt to overthrow Fidel Castro in
Cuba.
2. Cuban Missile Crisis (1962): Confrontation over Soviet missile deployment in Cuba;
closest point to nuclear war.
3. Vietnam War Escalation: U.S. involvement intensifies against communist North
Vietnam, becoming a Cold War hotspot.
1970s
1. Détente: Period of eased tensions between the U.S. and USSR, marked by arms control
agreements like SALT I (1972).
2. Sino-American Relations: Nixon's visit to China in 1972 opens diplomatic relations,
isolating the USSR further.
1980s
1. Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan (1979–1989): Proxy war with U.S.-backed Mujahideen
forces resisting Soviet occupation.
2. Reagan Doctrine: Support for anti-communist movements worldwide, including
Nicaragua and Afghanistan.
3. Fall of the Berlin Wall (1989): Symbolic end of Cold War divisions in Europe.
1990s
1. Collapse of the Soviet Union (1991): Official dissolution marks the end of the Cold War
era.
This outline captures the key events and plans that shaped Cold War dynamics globally from its
origins to its conclusion.

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