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 CROFT AND ANTHONY CROFT AND ROBERT DAVISON
MATHEMATICS FOR ENGINEERS DAVISON
Fifth edition
MATHEMATICS

ENGINEERS
MATHEMATICS FOR
Understanding key mathematical concepts and applying them successfully to solve problems are vital skills

FOR ENGINEERS
that all engineering students must acquire. Mathematics for Engineers introduces, teaches, develops and
nurtures those skills. Practical, informal and accessible, it begins with the foundations and gradually builds
upon this knowledge as it introduces more complex concepts. Learn everything you will need for your first year
engineering mathematics course, together with a wealth of introductory material for even more advanced
topics such as Laplace and Fourier transforms and partial differential equations.

Key features
• Applications of mathematics are drawn from a wide range of engineering areas: aeronautical, automotive,
FIFTH EDITION
chemical, civil, computer, electrical and electronic, manufacturing, materials, mechanical, production,
reliability, and systems engineering.
• Hundreds of interactive examples are provided in the context of various engineering disciplines, so you
are able to both engage with the problems and also see the relevance of the maths to your wider studies.
• A wealth of practice and revision exercises with solutions help test your knowledge.
• Key points and important results are highlighted throughout.
• Computer and calculator examples and exercises are incorporated in relevant sections.
• Specimen examination papers give further opportunity to practise.
• A foundation section gives you a firm base in arithmetic, the building block of many high-level
mathematical topics.

New to this 5th edition

• Significant enhancements integrating the use of computer software in the solution of engineering
mathematics problems.
• Widening of the applications base to include more from mechanical, materials and aeronautical
engineering.
• Introductory material on the solution of partial differential equations, loci in the complex plane and the
equation of a circle.

Anthony Croft is Emeritus Professor of Mathematics Education at Loughborough University and

FIFTH
Robert Davison spent over 30 years teaching and writing mathematics for higher education students. EDITION
They have authored many best-selling mathematics textbooks including several for engineering students.

Cover image: © shutterstock Premier/ Ekaphon maneechot www.pearson-books.com

CVR_CROFT_05_53640.indd 1 12/12/18 9:45 AM

A01_CROF5939_04_SE_A01.QXD 10/1/18 3:58 PM Page vii

Brief contents

Contents ix
Publisher’s acknowledgements xv
Preface xvi
Using mathematical software packages xx

1 Arithmetic 1

2 Fractions 18

3 Decimal numbers 35

4 Percentage and ratio 45

5 Basic algebra 57

6 Functions and mathematical models 136

7 Polynomial equations, inequalities,

partial fractions and proportionality 215

8 Logarithms and exponentials 289

9 Trigonometry 335
A01_CROF5939_04_SE_A01.QXD 10/1/18 3:58 PM Page viii

viii Brief contents

10 Further trigonometry 401

11 Complex numbers 450

12 Matrices and determinants 521

13 Using matrices and determinants to solve equations 600

14 Vectors 669

15 Differentiation 740

16 Techniques and applications of differentiation 771

17 Integration 826

18 Applications of integration 895

19 Sequences and series 943

20 Differential equations 977

21 Functions of more than one variable

and partial differentiation 1048

22 The Laplace transform 1094

23 Statistics and probability 1129

24 An introduction to Fourier series

and the Fourier transform 1213

Typical examination papers 1242

Appendix 1: SI units and prefixes 1248
Index 1249
A01_CROF5939_04_SE_A01.QXD 10/1/18 3:58 PM Page ix

Contents

Publisher’s acknowledgements xv
Preface xvi
Using mathematical software packages xx

1 Arithmetic 1
Block 1 Operations on numbers 3
Block 2 Prime numbers and prime factorisation 10
End of chapter exercises 17

2 Fractions 18
Block 1 Introducing fractions 20
Block 2 Operations on fractions 25
End of chapter exercises 33

3 Decimal numbers 35
Block 1 Introduction to decimal numbers 37
Block 2 Significant figures 42
End of chapter exercises 43

4 Percentage and ratio 45

Block 1 Percentage 47
Block 2 Ratio 51
End of chapter exercises 56
A01_CROF5939_04_SE_A01.QXD 10/1/18 3:58 PM Page x

x Contents

5 Basic algebra 57
Block 1 Mathematical notation and symbols 59
Block 2 Indices 72
Block 3 Simplification by collecting like terms 88
Block 4 Removing brackets 91
Block 5 Factorisation 99
Block 6 Arithmetic of algebraic fractions 106
Block 7 Formulae and transposition 119
End of chapter exercises 133

6 Functions and mathematical models 136

Block 1 Basic concepts of functions 138
Block 2 The graph of a function 147
Block 3 Composition of functions 155
Block 4 One-to-one functions and inverse functions 158
Block 5 Parametric representation of a function 165
Block 6 Describing functions 168
Block 7 The straight line 177
Block 8 Common engineering functions 192
Block 9 The equation of a circle 209
End of chapter exercises 212

7 Polynomial equations, inequalities,

partial fractions and proportionality 215
Block 1 Solving linear equations 218
Block 2 Solving quadratic equations 230
Block 3 Factorising polynomial expressions and solving
polynomial equations 243
Block 4 Solving simultaneous equations 252
Block 5 Solution of inequalities 261
Block 6 Partial fractions 270
Block 7 Proportionality 282
End of chapter exercises 286

8 Logarithms and exponentials 289

Block 1 The exponential function 291
Block 2 Logarithms and their laws 306
Block 3 Solving equations involving logarithms and exponentials 316
Block 4 Applications of logarithms 321
End of chapter exercises 332

9 Trigonometry 335
Block 1 Angles 337
Block 2 The trigonometrical ratios 341
Block 3 The trigonometrical ratios in all quadrants 352
A01_CROF5939_04_SE_A01.QXD 10/1/18 3:58 PM Page xi

Contents xi

Block 4 Trigonometrical functions and their graphs 360

Block 5 Trigonometrical identities 372
Block 6 Trigonometrical equations 377
Block 7 Engineering waves 386
End of chapter exercises 399

10 Further trigonometry 401

Block 1 Pythagoras’s theorem and the solution
of right-angled triangles 403
Block 2 Solving triangles using the sine rule 413
Block 3 Solving triangles using the cosine rule 419
Block 4 Surveying 424
Block 5 Resolution and resultant of forces 435
End of chapter exercises 447

11 Complex numbers 450

Block 1 Arithmetic of complex numbers 452
Block 2 The Argand diagram and polar form of a complex number 465
Block 3 The exponential form of a complex number 490
Block 4 De Moivre’s theorem 496
Block 5 Solving equations and finding roots of complex numbers 504
Block 6 Phasors 512
End of chapter exercises 518

12 Matrices and determinants 521

Block 1 Introduction to matrices 523
Block 2 Multiplication of matrices 534
Block 3 Determinants 544
Block 4 The inverse of a matrix 563
Block 5 Computer graphics 572
End of chapter exercises 595

13 Using matrices and determinants

to solve equations 600
Block 1 Cramer’s rule 603
Block 2 Using the inverse matrix to solve simultaneous equations 607
Block 3 Gaussian elimination 615
Block 4 Eigenvalues and eigenvectors 628
Block 5 Iterative techniques 646
Block 6 Electrical networks 655
End of chapter exercises 665

14 Vectors 669
Block 1 Basic concepts of vectors 671
Block 2 Cartesian components of vectors 685
A01_CROF5939_04_SE_A01.QXD 10/1/18 3:58 PM Page xii

xii Contents

Block 3 The scalar product, or dot product 703

Block 4 The vector product, or cross product 715
Block 5 The vector equation of a line and a plane 726
End of chapter exercises 738

15 Differentiation 740
Block 1 Interpretation of a derivative 742
Block 2 Using a table of derivatives 755
Block 3 Higher derivatives 764
End of chapter exercises 769

16 Techniques and applications of differentiation 771

Block 1 The product rule and the quotient rule 773
Block 2 The chain rule 779
Block 3 Implicit differentiation 785
Block 4 Parametric differentiation 791
Block 5 Logarithmic differentiation 795
Block 6 Tangents and normals 799
Block 7 Maximum and minimum values of a function 809
End of chapter exercises 823

17 Integration 826
Block 1 Integration as differentiation in reverse 828
Block 2 Definite integrals 840
Block 3 The area bounded by a curve 847
Block 4 Computational approaches to integration 857
Block 5 Integration by parts 867
Block 6 Integration by substitution 874
Block 7 Integration using partial fractions 885
Block 8 Integration of trigonometrical functions 888
End of chapter exercises 892

18 Applications of integration 895

Block 1 Integration as the limit of a sum 897
Block 2 Volumes of revolution 903
Block 3 Calculating centres of mass 910
Block 4 Moment of inertia 923
Block 5 The length of a curve and the area of a surface
of revolution 929
Block 6 The mean value and root-mean-square
value of a function 935
End of chapter exercises 942
A01_CROF5939_04_SE_A01.QXD 10/1/18 3:58 PM Page xiii

Contents xiii

19 Sequences and series 943

Block 1 Sequences and series 945
Block 2 Sums of whole numbers, their squares and cubes 958
Block 3 Pascal’s triangle and the binomial theorem 961
Block 4 Taylor, Maclaurin and other series 967
End of chapter exercises 975

20 Differential equations 977

Block 1 Basic concepts of differential equations 980
Block 2 Separation of variables 995
Block 3 Solving first-order linear equations using an integrating factor 1003
Block 4 Computational approaches to differential equations 1011
Block 5 Second-order linear constant-coefficient equations I 1021
Block 6 Second-order linear constant-coefficient equations II 1034
End of chapter exercises 1046

21 Functions of more than one variable

and partial differentiation 1048
Block 1 Functions of two independent variables, and their graphs 1050
Block 2 Partial differentiation 1060
Block 3 Higher-order derivatives 1070
Block 4 Partial differential equations 1075
Block 5 Stationary values of a function of two variables 1087
End of chapter exercises 1092

22 The Laplace transform 1094

Block 1 The Laplace transform 1096
Block 2 The inverse Laplace transform 1107
Block 3 Solving differential equations using
the Laplace transform 1116
End of chapter exercises 1126

23 Statistics and probability 1129

Block 1 Data 1131
Block 2 Data averages 1133
Block 3 Variation of data 1141
Block 4 Elementary probability 1146
Block 5 Laws of probability 1155
Block 6 Probability distributions 1169
Block 7 The binomial distribution 1177
Block 8 The Poisson distribution 1185
Block 9 The normal distribution 1194
End of chapter exercises 1210
A01_CROF5939_04_SE_A01.QXD 10/1/18 3:58 PM Page xiv

xiv Contents

24 An introduction to Fourier series

and the Fourier transform 1213
Block 1 Periodic waveforms and their Fourier representation 1215
Block 2 Introducing the Fourier transform 1232
End of chapter exercises 1240

Typical examination papers 1242

Appendix 1: SI units and prefixes 1248
Index 1249

Companion Website ON THE

WEBSITE
For open-access student resources specifically
written to complement this textbook and support
your learning, please visit www.pearsoned.co.uk/croft

Lecturer Resources
For password-protected online resources tailored to support
the use of this textbook in teaching, please visit
www.pearsoned.co.uk/croft
A01_CROF5939_04_SE_A01.QXD 11/9/18 2:57 PM Page xv

Publisher’s acknowledgements

We are grateful to the following for permission to reproduce copyright material:

The screenshots in this book are Copyright © Waterloo Maple Inc., xxi and
The MathWorks, Inc., xxii and reprinted with permission.
A01_CROF5939_04_SE_A01.QXD 10/1/18 3:58 PM Page xvi

Preface

Audience
This book has been written to serve the mathematical needs of students engaged in a
first course in engineering or technology at degree level. Students of a very wide
range of these programmes will find that the book contains the mathematical
methods they will meet in a first-year course in most UK universities. So the book
will satisfy the needs of students of aeronautical, automotive, chemical, civil,
electronic and electrical, systems, mechanical, manufacturing, and production
engineering, and other technological fields. Care has been taken to include illustra-
tive examples from these disciplines where appropriate.

Aims
There are two main aims of this book.
Firstly, we wish to provide a readable, accessible and student-friendly introduc-
tion to mathematics for engineers and technologists at degree level. Great care has
been taken with explanations of difficult concepts, and wherever possible statements
are made in everyday language, as well as symbolically. It is the use of symbolic
notation that seems to cause many students problems, and we hope that we have
gone a long way to alleviate such problems.
Secondly, we wish to develop in the reader the confidence and competence to
handle mathematical methods relevant to engineering and technology through an
interactive approach to learning. You will find that the book encourages you to take
an active part in the learning process – this is an essential ingredient in the learning
of mathematics.
A01_CROF5939_04_SE_A01.QXD 10/1/18 3:58 PM Page xvii

Preface xvii

The structure of this book

The book has been divided into 24 chapters. Each chapter is subdivided into a unit
called a block. A block is intended to be a self-contained unit of study. Each block
has a brief introduction to the material in it, followed by explanations, examples and
applications. Important results and key points are highlighted. Many of the examples
require you to participate in the problem-solving process, so you will need to have
pens or pencils, scrap paper and a scientific calculator to hand. We say more about
this aspect below. Solutions to these examples are all given alongside.
Each block also contains a number of practice exercises, and the solutions to these
are placed immediately afterwards. This avoids the need for searching at the back of
the book for solutions. A further set of exercises appears at the end of each block.
At the end of each chapter you will find end of chapter exercises, which are
designed to consolidate and draw together techniques from all the blocks within the
chapter.
Some sections contain computer or calculator exercises. These are denoted by the
computer icon. It is not essential that these are attempted, but those of you with
access to graphical calculators or computer software can see how these modern
technologies can be used to speed up long and complicated calculations.

Learning mathematics
In mathematics almost all early building blocks are required in advanced work. New
ideas are usually built upon existing ones. This means that, if some early topics are
not adequately mastered, difficulties are almost certain to arise later on. For example,
if you have not mastered the arithmetic of fractions, then you will find some aspects
of algebra confusing. Without a firm grasp of algebra you will not be able to perform
the techniques of calculus, and so on. It is therefore essential to try to master the full
range of topics in your mathematics course and to remedy deficiencies in your prior
knowledge.
Learning mathematics requires you to participate actively in the learning process.
This means that in order to get a sound understanding of any mathematical topic it is
essential that you actually perform the calculations yourself. You cannot learn math-
ematics by being a spectator. You must use your brain to solve the problem, and you
must write out the solution. These are essential parts of the learning process. It is not
sufficient to watch someone else solve a similar problem, or to read a solution in a
book, although these things of course can help. The test of real understanding and
skill is whether or not you can do the necessary work on your own.

How to use this book

This book contains hundreds of fully worked examples. When studying such an
example, read it through carefully and ensure you understand each stage of the
calculation.
A central feature of the book is the use of interactive examples that require the
reader to participate actively in the learning process. These examples are indicated
A01_CROF5939_04_SE_A01.QXD 10/1/18 3:58 PM Page xviii

xviii Preface

by the pencil icon. Make sure you have to hand scrap paper, pens or pencils and a
calculator. Interactive examples contain ‘empty boxes’ and ‘completed boxes’. An
empty box indicates that a calculation needs to be performed by you. The corres-
ponding completed box on the right of the page contains the calculation you should
have performed. When working through an interactive example, cover up the com-
pleted boxes, perform a calculation when prompted by an empty box, and then
compare your work with that contained in the completed box. Continue in this way
through the entire example. Interactive examples provide some help and structure
while also allowing you to test your understanding.
Sets of exercises are provided regularly throughout most blocks. Try these exer-
cises, always remembering to check your answers with those provided. Practice
enhances understanding, reinforces the techniques, and aids memory. Carrying out a
large number of exercises allows you to experience a greater variety of problems,
thus building your expertise and developing confidence.

Content
The content of the book reflects that taught to first-year engineering and technology
students in the majority of UK universities. However, particular care has been taken
to develop algebraic skills from first principles and to give students plenty of oppor-
tunity to practise using these. It is our firm belief, based on recent experience of
teaching engineering undergraduates, that many will benefit from this material
because they have had insufficient opportunity in their previous mathematical edu-
cation to develop such skills fully. Inevitably the choice of contents is a compro-
mise, but the topics covered were chosen after wide consultation coupled with
many years of teaching experience. Given the constraint of space we believe our
choice is optimal.

Use of modern IT aids

One of the main developments in the teaching of engineering mathematics in recent
years has been the widespread availability of sophisticated computer software and its
adoption by many educational institutions. Once a firm foundation of techniques has
been built, we would encourage its use, and so we have made general references at
several points in the text. In addition, in some blocks we focus specifically on two
common packages (Matlab and Maple), and these are introduced in the ‘Using
mathematical software packages’ section on page xx. Many features available in
software packages can also be found in graphical calculators.
On pages xxiii–xxiv we provide a reference table of Maple and Matlab commands
that are particularly useful for exploring and developing further the topics in this
book.
A01_CROF5939_04_SE_A01.QXD 10/1/18 3:58 PM Page xix

Preface xix

Additions for the fifth edition

We have been delighted with the positive response to Mathematics for Engineers
since it was first published in 1998. In writing this fifth edition we have been guided
and helped by the numerous comments from both staff and students. For these com-
ments we express our thanks.
This fifth edition has been enhanced by the addition of numerous examples from
even wider fields of engineering. Applicability lies at the heart of engineering math-
ematics. We believe these additional examples serve to reinforce the crucial role that
mathematics plays in engineering. We hope that you agree.
Following useful suggestions from reviewers we have added new sections to cover
the equation of a circle, locus of a point in the complex plane and solution of partial
differential equations. We have enhanced and integrated the use of software in the
solution of engineering problems.
We hope the book supports you in your learning and wish you every success.

Anthony Croft and Robert Davison

May 2018
A01_CROF5939_04_SE_A01.QXD 10/8/18 7:28 PM Page xx

Using mathematical software packages

One of the main developments influencing the learning and teaching of engineering
mathematics in recent years has been the widespread availability of sophisticated
computer software and its adoption by many educational institutions.
As engineering students, you will meet a range of software in your studies. It is
also highly likely that you will have access to specialist mathematical software.
Two software packages that are particularly useful for engineering mathematics,
and which are referred to on occasions throughout this book, are Matlab and Maple.
There are others, and you should enquire about the packages that have been made
available for your use. A number of these packages come with specialist tools for
subjects such as control theory and signal processing, so you will find them useful in
other subjects that you study.
Common features of all these packages include:
• the facility to plot two- and three-dimensional graphs;
• the facility to perform calculations with symbols (e.g. a2, x + y, as opposed to
just numbers) including the solution of equations.
In addition, some packages allow you to write computer programs of your own that
build upon existing functionality, and enable the experienced user to create powerful
tools for the solution of engineering problems.
The facility to work with symbols, as opposed to just numbers, means that these
packages are often referred to as computer algebra systems or symbolic processors.
You will be able to enter mathematical expressions, such as (x + 2)(x - 3) or
t - 6
2
, and subject them to all of the common mathematical operations:
t + 2t + 1
simplification, factorisation, differentiation, integration, and much more. You will be
able to perform calculations with vectors and matrices. With experience you will
find that lengthy, laborious work can be performed at the click of a button.
A01_CROF5939_04_SE_A01.QXD 10/1/18 3:58 PM Page xxi

Using mathematical software packages xxi

The particular form in which a mathematical problem is entered – that is, the
syntax – varies from package to package. Raising to a power is usually performed
using the symbol ^. Some packages are menu driven, meaning that you can often
select symbols from a menu or toolbar. At various places in the text we have pro-
vided examples of this for illustrative purposes. This textbook is not intended to be a
manual for any of the packages described. For thorough details you will need to refer
to the manual provided with your software or its on-line help.
At first sight you might be tempted to think that the availability of such a package
removes the need for you to become fluent in algebraic manipulation and other
mathematical techniques. We believe that the converse of this is true. These pack-
ages are sophisticated, professional tools and as such require the user to have a good
understanding of the functions they perform, and particularly their limitations. Fur-
thermore, the results provided by the packages can be presented in a variety of forms
(as you will see later in the book), and only with a thorough understanding of the
mathematics will you be able to appreciate different, yet correct, equivalent forms,
and distinguish these from incorrect output.
Figure 1 shows a screenshot from Maple in which we have defined the function
f (x) = x2 + 3x - 2 and plotted part of its graph. Note that Maple requires the
following particular syntax to define the function: f: = x : x 2 + 3x - 2. The
quantity x2 is input as x^2.
Finally, Figure 2 shows a screenshot from the package Matlab. Here the package
is being used to obtain a three-dimensional plot of the surface z = sin(x2 + y2) as
described in Chapter 21. Observe the requirement of Matlab to input x2 as x # ^2.

Figure 1
A screenshot from
Maple showing
the package being
used to define
the function
f (x) = x2 + 3x - 2
and plot its graph.
A01_CROF5939_04_SE_A01.QXD 10/1/18 3:58 PM Page xxii

xxii Using mathematical software packages

Figure 2
A screenshot from
Matlab showing the
package being used
to plot a three-
dimensional graph.

Where appropriate we would encourage you to explore the use of packages

such as these. Through them you will find that whole new areas of engineering
mathematics become accessible to you, and you will develop skills that will help
you to solve engineering problems that you meet in other areas of study and in the
workplace.
 Useful mathematical software commands used throughout the book

The following commands are indicative only and should be read in conjuction with the software’s on-line help and the examples found later
in the book.
Purpose Maple example Matlab example Page

Test whether an isprime(n) isprime(n) 11

A01_CROF5939_04_SE_A01.QXD

integer, n, is prime

Produce a prime ifactor(n) factor(n) 12

factorisation of
10/16/18

an integer, n

Plot graph of y = f(x) plot(x^3,x=-3..3,y=-20..20); x=-3:0.1:3; y=x.^3; 152

plot(x,y);
9:12 AM

Finding partial convert(x/(x^2+3*x+2), n = [1];

fractions expansion parfrac); d =[1 3 2]; 279
[r,p,k] = residue(n,d)

Complex numbers use I use i or j 461

Page xxiii

(1+3*I)/(2-I) (1+3*j)/(2-j)

Find roots of a solve(s^3+s^2+s+1=0) roots([1 1 1 1]) 462

polynomial

Defining matrices A:= Matrix([[1,2,3], A = [1 2 3; 4 5 6; 7 8 9] 530

[4,5,6],[7,8,9]])

Eigenvalues and Eigenvalues(A) [V, D] = eig(A) 641

eigenvectors Eigenvectors(A)

Vectors: scalar with(LinearAlgebra); a=[1 -2 3] 724

and vector products a:= Vector[row]([1,-2,3]); b=[2 -1 1]
b:= Vector[row]([2,-1,1]); dot(a,b)
DotProduct(a,b); cross(a,b)
CrossProduct(a,b);

(Continued)
Purpose Maple example Matlab example Page

First and higher f:=t-> t^2*sin(3*t); syms f(t) 766

derivatives D(f)(t); or diff(f(t),t); f(t) = t^2*sin(3*t)
A01_CROF5939_04_SE_A01.QXD

D(D(f))(t); or diff(f(t),t,t); y = diff(f(t))

z = diff(f(t),2)

Indefinite and int(x*cos(x)^2,x) syms x t 857

10/1/18

definite integration int(1/t,t=1..2) int(x*cos(x)^2,x)

int(1/t,1,2)

Differential equations dsolve(diff(y(x),x) - x*y(x)=0); dsolve('Dy-x*y=0','x') 1011

3:58 PM

with or without conditions dsolve({diff(y(x),x) - x*y(x)=0,y(0)=3}) dsolve('Dy-x*y=0',

'y(0)=3','x')

Sums of series sum(1/k,k=1..10); sym k 950

symsum(1/k,k,1,10)
Page xxiv

Taylor series taylor(sqrt(x),x=4,4); taylor(sqrt(x), 972

'ExpansionPoint',4,
'Order',4)

3d plots plot3d(x^2+y^2,x=-2..2,y=-2..2); [x,y]=meshgrid(-2:0.1:2, 1059

-2:0.1:2); z = x.^2+y.^2;
mesh(z);

Laplace transform with(inttrans): syms t s 1100

f:=t->t^2; f=t^2
laplace(f(t),t,s); laplace(f,t,s)

Fourier transform with(inttrans); syms t w 1235

f:=t->Heaviside(t)*exp(-t); f = heaviside(t)*exp(t)
fourier(f(t),t,w); fourier(f,t,w)
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There is no use going into the details of the finish, but it will
suffice to say that the American eagle which was tattooed upon my
breast had no reason to blush. I was somewhat aroused by the
unfriendly tone of the Englishman above, and I jolted Bill rather
roughly upon the point of his jaw. It was not viciously done, but at
the same time I put a bit of weight into my hand, and my heavily
limbed antagonist dropped to the floor. Anderson tried to get him to
start again, but he reeled as he reached his knees and swayed
hopelessly for a space. The motion of the ship seemed to bother him
also.
“My money! My money!” cried the younger man above. “The Yank
has him going.”
It was more than that, and I felt sorry for Bill. He was out of it,
and a heavy jolt might mean something serious. I went to my bunk
and began to put my clothes on, while Martin cried for me to wait.
“I’ll give you a turn another time,” I said, shortly.
“No, no, he isn’t done for yet,” they all cried, but I knew better.
Poor Bill! He turned his face up, and I saw his vacant eyes trying
to grasp the situation. He was game enough, and struggled to rise,
swaying to and fro like an unstayed topmast. The deck would slant
away from him and his hand would reach out for support. Then the
barque heaved a bit to leeward, and he staggered, swayed, and then
pitched forward prone and lay still.
“Pour water over him, mon, pour water over him,” cried Martin,
and Anderson sluiced the allowance in the forecastle over the fallen
man’s head. Then they raised him and put him in his pew, and, by
the time I had finished dressing, he was sitting up regarding me
curiously.
“Now, William,” said I, “just as soon as you feel better, you take
hold of these mess things and get them cleaned up and shipshape.
Jorg there can lend you a hand this morning, and, if he doesn’t bear
a hand, I’ll see what kind of skin they raise in Finland.” And I nodded
to the bearded fellow who had chosen to question me regarding
Watkins. Then I settled myself for a nap, and tied a rag over my
bruised side-light, while I smoked and listened to the discussions
around me.
The younger man who sat in the companion, and who had backed
me, now arose and stood twisting the ends of his little blond
moustache while he looked down. His face was tanned a ruddy
brown, and I was not inclined to find fault with his looks. His
companion cursed his luck and Bill, his face almost purple with anger
and his black beard fairly bristling.
“I’ll own I’ve lost, Sir John, but may the curse of the vikings strike
that lubber I backed,” he growled. “One wouldn’t think there was so
little in such a big fellow. I thought Hawkson had a picked crew, but,
if that fellow Bill’s the best, they’re a poor lot.”
“I think the Yank proved satisfactorily the Sou’wegian isn’t the
best man in the forecastle. Bill is all right enough. Come along.
They’ll be all right for our business.”
“And what is their business?” I asked Martin, as they went aft. “Is
it to come forrard and try and get on a fracas for their amusement?
For if that’s their lay, I’ll see they get one before long if they are
passengers.”
“I hear they’re part-owners. The owners will join at the islands.
It’s themselves who are runnin’ the vessel an’ expedition,” said the
Scot.
 “Well, they strike me as a queer lot, and the whole thing don’t
seem regular. Here we are in Howard’s old pirate barque, being
tricked into signing on. The old rascal is in command, although he
must be more than three-quarters of a hundred years old. And here
we sail away on an expedition no one seems to know anything about
except the owners themselves.”
“There ain’t any such thing as piracy in these times, hey?” said
Martin, and he looked at me hard with his bright gray eyes, his
whole broad face showing plainly enough that he was more than
willing that there should be.
“No, of course not,” I said. “How the deuce could a barque like
this turn pirate? She isn’t fast enough, in the first place.”
“Ye is wrong there. There ain’t anything afloat that’ll go to
windward o’ this craft. Good mon, just look how she travels! Na, na,
friend Heywood, this be a trim ship for a robber, and we’re
uncommon well manned. Twenty men forrards, and there’ll be nigh
a dozen more aft, making up to forty when we ship the owners. ’Tis
a biggish crowd fer a barque o’ five hundred ton. Now I’ve been a
peaceable man an’ mate o’ a dozen ships,--as you yoursel’,--but I
wouldna gie thruppence fer me conscience should th’ owld raskil aft
say th’ word. Be you afeard, friend Heywood?”
“Not of you, Watkins, or Howard himself,” I answered, “but it’s all
foolishness to think of dodging men-of-war in these days. I’ve sailed
in a man-o’-war that would clean the South Sea of all floating things
in six months. It’s not that they’re after. They’re up to some
expedition among the islands. Maybe the scoundrel has treasure hid,
and these bloods are going out to hunt it. That’s more like the lay of
it.”
“Maybe, maybe, friend Heywood, but even so I’m that keen for
the adventure, I’ll not stand for the money they robbed us of, if
there’s a chance to get it back.”
“Well, I’ll clear at the Bahamas if I get a chance, unless they show
me that advance I missed,” I said, warmly, “and I’ll make that old
scoundrel sorry for some of his sins.”
Then we smoked in silence until Hawkson’s voice bawled out for
eight bells, and a rough-looking Dutchman poked his head below
and bellowed the news, receiving an old sea-boot full in the face
from Martin for his pains.
The morning had passed rapidly enough, and although tired and
sore from the incidents of the past few hours, I was not sorry to go
on deck and get a breath of fresh sea air.
 CHAPTER VII.
TWO KINDS OF HAND-SHAKES

Mr. Gull, the second mate, was already on deck when we arrived,
and I expected to continue our pleasantries of the early morning. He
looked hard at us and said nothing, and then I knew Hawkson had
put in a word for me, for no second mate could otherwise have
resisted the temptation of taking it out of an able-bodied seaman, no
matter how able-bodied he might be. I was informed shortly that I
was made gunner, and was henceforth in charge of the barque’s
battery to see that it was kept in order. But there was no more room
aft for any more petty officers. Henry and Watkins occupied the only
remaining room, on account of the space occupied by the
passengers and their luggage. Jorg, the Finn, I found was the
carpenter, but he also had to share the forecastle.
Before going below, Hawkson summoned all hands, and he and
Gull went through the old form of choosing the watches.
“Bos’n,” said Hawkson, addressing Richards, “you may muster the
men aft.”
“Ay, ay, sir,” said the man-o’-war’s man, and he touched his cap
with his hand like in the old days aboard the frigate when I had seen
him speak to the officer of the deck.
It was something of a surprise to me, and also to the rest, to find
the man who had served under me as second mate as bos’n of that
crowd. It made me think that perhaps I might dispute the position
with him, for I was a navigator and capable of working the ship’s
position to a fairly accurate extent, and old Peter Richards was only
a plain able seaman. But I soon saw why he had been chosen. He
was a trained man and used to the discipline of a fighting ship, and
there were plenty of navigators aft. He was very sober and quiet in
his manner this day, and I wondered at it, for I was under the
impression he had been fooled into going aboard like the rest of us.
“How is it, Peter,” I asked, as he came near me, “are you going to
give me my orders?”
“Yes, and I advise you to obey them without making trouble for
yourself,” said he, quietly. “You came into the ship with your eyes
wide open. Now stand to it. I told you I’d follow you and take care of
you.”
He said the last part of his speech with just a suspicion of a smile
lurking about the corners of his mouth, and I was not in the humour
to be laughed at.
“All right, my cock,” said I, “if you are one of the officers and know
the destination of this hooker, you will oblige me by telling me her
port of destination. If you don’t, I might be tempted to argue the
question with you. You are not pretty, Peter, when you smile.”
“Don’t think I would tackle you, Heywood,” said he, looking sternly
at me. “You’ve been aboard a fighting craft, and know just what I’ll
do if you don’t turn to when I say. I don’t know any more about this
vessel than you do, except--well, except that I wouldn’t have picked
her out as a choice of ships. If you had used your eyes before you
signed on, you could have seen she was something irregular. Brace
up and do what you’re told until you find out what you’re in for.”
Then he went along to get the rest of the crew.
The men who had temporarily gone below to get their morning
meal, and who had remained below as the port watch, were now
lined up with those on deck, and Hawkson began by choosing a
huge fellow named Jones. He was a big, burly, red-headed
Welshman. Then Gull chose Bill in spite of his appearance. And so it
went until each had an equal number of men on a side, Jorg going
into the starboard, and myself into the port watch, for we were in
the forecastle with the rest, while Richards slung his hammock in
Hawkson’s room. I started on the forward guns, and spent the rest
of the day polishing.
The weather was fine and it was exhilarating to sit in the gun-port
to windward and watch the old barque go. The land had now
entirely disappeared to the eastward, and we were rapidly drawing
off.
The barque was very fast. With a breeze of not more than twelve
knots, she was running a full nine knots, seeming hardly to disturb
the smooth sea. Her wake was clean, and only the steady pouring of
her bow-wave whitened her path.
I sat for hours rubbing the muzzles of the guns with whale-oil and
dust, and, as I did so, I watched the flaking foam of the side-wash
spread away with its musical hiss and tinkle. Down deep in the blue
below a piece of weed now and then flashed past, looking like an eel
or snake as the sunlight wavered upon it. It was a warm, lazy day,
and I pondered long upon the strange turn of fortune that had
suddenly placed me upon the old barque with her sinister past and
mysterious future. Here she was all fitted out for a long voyage, but
without any cargo to speak of, and that little stowed in such a
manner that it was easy of access.
I gazed aloft at the fine rigging, and noted how well her canvas
was cut. Every sail was fitted as aboard a man-o’-war, and all her
running gear was of new hemp line of the finest grade, totally unlike
the loose laid stuff they used for clew-lines, bunt-lines, leach-lines,
and even braces aboard the ordinary western ocean merchantmen.
Hawkson had the yards trimmed in a shipshape and seamanlike
manner, and the grease or varnish upon them brought out the grain
of the wood. They were large for a vessel of five hundred ton. High
above, the mainroyal swung across a cloud-flecked zenith, a small
white strip, while beneath, in regular rotation, stretched the
t’gallantsail, topsail, and mainsail into increasing size until across the
main-yard the distance must have been full seventy feet or more.
The breeze hummed and droned under the foot of the great
mainsail, sounding restful and pleasant with the easy roll of the
vessel.
I was thinking how easy it would be to desert the ship at
Providence Harbour, in the Bahamas, and return to the States. It
was but a few days’ run from there to Savannah, and plenty of small
vessels would be bound over at this time of the year. It was
degrading to have to polish brass like a common foremast hand.
However, if I tired of it, I was really only working my way home.
That was the best way to look at it. But the thought of home
changed the half-formed purpose. What was there in the name for
me? Only a poor old mother living in a bit of a house, with a negro
girl I had brought from Jamaica some years before. They were
dependent entirely upon me and the little money I had saved to eke
out an existence, the girl doing all the work and caring for the aged
mother. If I went back, there would be only one more to draw on
the small hoard, and I might not get another berth very soon. Here
was a very proper ship, rigged almost like a man-o’-war, and
evidently bound on some special mission. Perhaps there was money
to be made. At all events, there would be little lost by staying in her,
for the pay in American ships was almost as poor as the English.
While I thought over these matters, I watched the two
passengers, who were lounging aft on the quarter, smoking long clay
pipes and drinking ale from a tankard filled from a keg in the
lazarette. They certainly appeared well-to-do people, and, if they
were part-owners, there was little doubt from their manners that
they were used to living as gentlemen of wealth and position.
Bill came down from aloft along the weather main-rigging above
me, where he had been fastening chafing-gear on the backstays at
the point the topsail-yard would touch. He saw me gazing aft while I
rubbed, and he dropped somewhat ostentatiously upon the deck to
attract my attention.
“Welcome, hey?” he said.
“Of course,” I answered, holding out a greasy hand. “Why not?”
“Well, I’ve no grudge, John,” said he. “You licked me fair enough.”
“You haven’t come for another one?” I asked, smiling.
“No,” he said, grasping my fingers in a tarry grip, “no, I believe
you’re all right. I youst wanted to ask what you t’ought of the
passengers. They say they’re part-owners. Now, I’ve been in
American ships ten years and more, an’ I never t’ought to go in a
wessel not knowin’ youst where she’s bound, did you?”
“How did you come to ship in her?” I asked.
“Oh, I signed all right. I youst saw she was a fine wessel an’ the
pay good,--more’n a mate of an old country wessel,--so I t’ought it
all right. Only I’d youst like to find out, friend John, where she’s
bound for,--I mean what port.”
“The first is Nassau, but we’re signed for some place in the South
Atlantic or Pacific, and unless you’re going to cut and run, or make a
pier-head jump, you’ll land in some of the South Sea Islands for
certain,” said I. “Who got you to come aboard?”
“A little fellow youst like a fox,--Henry they called him; he hasn’t
been on deck yet much. I t’ought he’d be a bit backward turnin’ out-
-There he is now, comin’ out on the main-deck. If you soak him one,
I’ll stand by, for it would youst serve him right, or if you youst stand
by, I’ll attend to it, hey?”
“No use, Bill,” I answered; “there’ll be enough of real sure fracases
before we’re on the beach again. Let him alone. It will only make
trouble aft, and then the whole after-guard will be for putting us
through. I’ll look out he don’t put his face in the forecastle, but he’s
third mate, and he belongs aft. These vessels are not like American
ships. A fellow don’t take rating by his hands, and if you whollop an
officer it only means trouble. I like your style, Bill, and, if there’s
trouble, I’ll stick close to you; but there won’t be any unless you
make it.”
Bill held out his big fist again and squeezed mine. There was an
honest look in his blue eyes I liked, albeit they were pretty well
draped in black from the discipline of the early morning. We were
friends from that moment, and I never had cause to regret that
hand-shake.
Henry saw us looking at him and came forward. He was afraid of
nothing on a ship’s deck, and, if he were a tricky little sea-wolf, he
was as grim as any in the forests of the New England shores. He
swung up his hand to his cap as he reached me, but took no notice
of Bill. I kept on rubbing the breech of the gun and took no notice,
for I was still a trifle sore at the way he had treated me.
“Mister Heywood, I saluted you, sir,” said Henry, stopping.
“So you did,” I answered, “and it does great credit to that mother
of yours that your manners are proper. I always return the salute of
an honest man, though it’s hardly necessary aboard ship, especially
merchant vessels.”
 “Now, see here, Heywood, what’s the use of keeping up a grudge?
I got you into a good ship, didn’t I? And, if you ain’t mate, you’re
gunner.”
“If I had a grudge, I would wring your neck, Henry,” I answered,
calmly.
“No fear, Hi say,” he answered, smiling, and held out his hand.
“Put ’er there and we’ll call it even, hey?”
I held out my hand, for there was really little use keeping up a
bad feeling aboard. I might as well see the joke and bear a hand
with the rest. I held out a greasy paw to signify all was well.
The next instant his long fingers, which I had at first noticed on
the pier, closed upon mine like a steel vice, and I involuntarily cried
out with the pain. Such a grip! There was nothing human about it,
and I felt my bones cracking.
“Let go!” I roared, and Bill sprang upon him at the same instant.
But Henry grabbed his arm before he could strike, and there we
stood like two boys for an instant, unable to move, with the keen-
faced rascal between us. Before either could strike with the
disengaged hand, Henry cast us loose with a laugh.
“Don’t you try it,” he grinned, as he passed forward.
 CHAPTER VIII.
OUR BOS’N

The bos’n of an English ship usually has eight hours or more

below, and the best part of four watches on deck. This enables him
to walk around after the men and take charge during the time they
are at work and the navigator is unable to leave the poop or quarter-
deck. Yankee bos’ns, or fourth mates, as we used to call them, were
distinguished by a rough, strong voice made raucous by hard usage.
Yelling and swearing at delinquent mariners, as the shore folk put it,
was supposed to be their principal occupation, and to a certain
extent the shore folk were right. But Richards was not noisy. Neither
did he have the rough voice of the man-o’-war bos’n. He was as
gentle as any shore-bred person, and even while he had served as
second mate under me, he had never been anything but “Old”
Richards,--old because he was so quiet.
When he took in hand the crew of that ship, it made me smile to
think of him tackling men like Bill, Jones, or myself. Yet there he was
over us, and it soon began to look like Hawkson knew what he was
about when he put him in charge.
In the first place he had been used to discipline. He had served on
a war-ship for so long that he seemed to know just what to do to
get men to work without getting afoul of them.
There is an art in this. It is born in some, cultivated in others, but
absolutely impossible to define in a way that might be useful to the
great majority, for it is a mixture of so many qualities, so many
different freaks and phases of temperament, and generally so
dependent upon chance for its establishment, that it must be dealt
with only as a peculiarity happening in human beings at remote
intervals.
Richards had the one necessary quality to begin with, and that
was a really kind disposition under his silent exterior. There was
nothing offensive in him, and, while he never seemed to attract any
one, he did not repel them. Magnetism he possessed in abundance,
but this quality is of small use among men who have to be made to
do things which often result in death and always in discomfort.
Often he would sit and listen to the arguments of the men, and
they would sometimes appeal to him as judge, because he was so
quiet and always gave them an answer they could understand.
“What makes ye sa keen fer carryin’ on discipline, friend
Richards?” asked Martin, good-humouredly, one evening as the
watch sat or lounged about the forecastle scuttle waiting to be
called.
“It’s not your country’s ship; why d’ye care? Now a war-ship an’ a
patriot I kin understand. I was a patriot mysel’.”
“I fou’t for England,” said big Jones, “but that ware different.”
“You’d have fought for China just as quick,” said the bos’n, “if any
men you knew were going out to fight. It’s the same aboard a
fighting craft as it is here. I’ve seen clerks in the shipping-houses,
that couldn’t tell a cutlass from a pike, go crazy to fight when the
war broke out. They liked to be called ‘patriots,’ too. All men like to
fight if the whole crowd go in. It’s excitement and vanity. You’ll be
more of a patriot and less a fighting man after you get ashore to
stay.”
“Ay, that he will,” said Tim, the American. “He’s too ready for fight,
an’ a bit o’ discipline will do him good.”
“Ah, hark ye at the bit o’ a man,” sneered Martin. “One might think
he feared a little fracas, hey?” and he leered at the small sailor, who
looked him squarely in the eyes and swore at him, for a bullying Scot
he was.
Somehow, Richards never made trouble between men. They rarely
took offence at his answers, and he never struck one.
To him the striking of a man lowered him at once. If the man was
an equal and had any self-respect, it was necessary to go further
into the matter always, he explained. If he had not enough self-
respect to fight his smiter to the last limit, then he was taking
whatever chance the fellow had of ever becoming a man, for no
man, he held, could be a person of spirit and courage and allow
another to strike him. It might work well in religious congregations,
where men were tricky and desperately low and mean, stooping to
any vile revenge, but among men at sea upon a ship deck it was
different. To assault a man weaker than himself was almost as bad
in his eyes as assaulting a girl. In either case, the victim’s self-
respect was lost, and the person consequently liable to be ruined. It
would require a nice adjustment, he claimed, to prevent murder. He
very plainly stated that, if Martin, Jones, or any one of the heavy
fellows who might be tempted to try accounts with him at some
disliked order, should so far forget the discipline of the ship and
make a fight with him, he would be bound by all law and precedent,
as upon a man-of-war, to kill him. The turning of the smitten cheek
to the offender was not to be taken literally. It meant a man should
show due forbearance before entering into a fracas, which would
certainly end fatally for one or the other.
This doctrine might not appeal to the landsman, and from a
certain point of view it might appear unchristian. But, if there was
ever a man who practised kindness toward his fellow men, that man
was the bos’n of the old pirate barque. He was honest.
I had found that on former cruises to heathen islands and
countries, the heathen were usually all right until some of the
professed Christians appeared to convert them. Afterward the
histories of these places were of a somewhat sinister character, and,
if ever there was an exception to prove the rule, I had never heard
tell of it. Every so-called Christian country had allowed and advanced
all kinds of oppression among natives. Whether this was for their
spiritual welfare or not, it is not necessary to inquire, the fact was
always the same. Therefore, I was interested in our future course,
but, from the steady discipline and forbearance of the officers,
expected to see very little of the usual kind of conversion. Every ship
full of canting religionists came home full of black murder and
worse. There was much more to be expected from a vessel whose
after-guard stood for easy ship in regard to these matters.
Sometimes, in the evening dog-watches, Richards would even take
the liberty of coming into the forecastle and joining in the talk, or
sitting upon the forecastle head in the warm wind and listening to a
chanty roared out by Martin or some one who had served in the
Eastern trade-ships. One of the favourite songs, made up from
different snatches heard either upon the men-of-war or along the
dock-ends of Liverpool, ran something like this:

“We had come to anchor fine, sir,

In a vessel o’ the line, sir,
We had cruised for five years steady
Upon the Southern Seas--
When a boat from off the shore, sir,
Brought a lady out aboard, sir,
She was black as soot an’ mud, sir,
An’ she smelled o’ oil an’ grease--”

Then all hands would roar out with will the refrain, pointing to the
bos’n:

“Then up jumped the bos’n, up jumped the crew,

The first mate, second mate, the cook and steward too--
But the captain swore he’d have her,
An’ the mate ’e tried to grab her,
She couldn’t have ’em all, sir--
What could the lady do?”

Sometimes the gentlemen from aft would come forward and lend
a hand with some new version of an old song, but more often they
were content to listen from the sacred precincts of the quarter-deck.
Old Howard never interfered with hilarity, but rather encouraged
it. I wondered at this, but remembered the cruise had only just
begun. I had seen captains encourage men before. Sometimes it
held a more sinister meaning than simple delight at their pleasure.
 CHAPTER IX.
I MAKE ANOTHER FRIEND

During the next week’s run we made a deal of westing, passing to

the southward of the Azores and getting well into the western
ocean. The northeast trade was picked up, and, as it was well to the
eastward, it enabled us to carry on stun’sails fore and aft.
We were better acquainted in the fo’castle now, and I had learned
to like several men of my watch. Bill was a warm friend. Martin
proved a very entertaining fellow, but was absolutely without
principle. Anderson was quiet and attended to his duties like the
average Swede, being a good sailor and an excellent hand for
sewing canvas and making chafing-gear. He went by the name of
Goldy in the forecastle on account of the colour of his hair, which
was bushy and covered his face.
In the other watch was Jones, the giant Welshman, who was one
of the best men that ever stood upon a ship’s deck. He was as
strong as a whale and as kind-hearted as a girl.
But the little fellow called Tim, who was in my watch, was the man
I chummed with. He was not much to look at, being small, ugly, red-
headed, and freckled. He was an American, however, and there was
that something about him that drew me to him as the magnet draws
iron. He had been pressed into the British navy before the war, and
had served his time. When the fighting was over and he received his
discharge, he shipped in an East-Indiaman, and made two voyages
around the world. Why he never returned to his home in the States
was the cause of some speculation on my part, but, as he never
mentioned his people, I refrained from trespassing. It is bad form for
a sailor to inquire too closely into his shipmate’s past.
 Tim was so insignificant looking among those picked men that I
took little or no notice of him until one night when it was blowing a
stiff gale and the barque was staggering along under topsails
through an ugly cross-sea that made her old timbers groan with the
wrench.
I had occasion to go to the forecastle head, and, while I stood
there, leaning over the life-line which did duty for a rail, I became
absorbed for a few minutes watching the fine phosphorescent
display in the bow wave. The night was very dark, and the deep,
booming note of the taut fabric above and the rushing sound below
drowned all minor noises.
Suddenly I heard my name called loudly, and something soft
struck me in the back. I turned and saw no one, but, while I
searched the darkness with my eyes, the door of the forward cabin
opened, and I saw for an instant the tall, erect form of Watkins, the
steward, against the light inside. I continued to look over the side
until a hand was laid upon my shoulder, and the little man Tim, who
was really hardly more than a boy, slewed me around none too
gently.
“’Tain’t healthy,” said he, “to be near the side o’ nights in a ship
where things is queer. You came nearer your end a minute ago than
you ever will again but once,” and he nodded aft.
“The steward?” I asked.
He nodded again, and looked so serious that my first inclination to
laugh died away at once. “He was within two fathoms of you when I
hailed, and his knife was as long as that,” and he stuck forth his arm
with his left hand placed midway to the shoulder.
“So that’s his game, is it?” I said. “I’ll keep an eye on him
hereafter. The whole outfit aft have something queer about them.
I’m obliged to you for the warning. What was it that struck me in the
back?”
“Pair o’ my rolled-up socks,--the only ones I’ve got, too,--an’ if
they’re gone overboard, I’ll have to go barefooted, for I can’t abide
shoes without socks. Them ratlines do cut the bare feet of a feller
most uncommon though, an’ I’ll have a job aloft in the morning
sending down them t’gallantstun’sail-booms.”
 He searched about the forecastle deck for some minutes in the
darkness, but failed to find them. The night being warm, we
remained on deck, as the stiff wind was invigorating and the
forecastle somewhat close. Finally we sat upon the weather side of
the windlass and leaned against it. There was a man on lookout
forward, but we were pretty well out of the track of ships, and the
only person liable to disturb us was the third mate, who might come
forward to trim head-sail. The starboard watch were grouped upon
the main-hatch, lounging and resting, and Hawkson walked fore and
aft on the poop, his tall form showing dimly now and then as he
passed the cabin skylights where the light from within flared up. We
snuggled down comfortably to sleep, but the snore of the gale
through the rigging and under the forestaysail kept us wakeful. I
watched Tim alongside of me, and saw he was still chewing his
tobacco.
“How did you come to get into the hooker without clothes?” I
asked, thinking he was tricked like myself.
“Signed all right. There’s money in her, if what I believe is correct.
She’ll pay a feller like me. I’ve got no ties ashore. But they’re a
tough crowd. That feller, Sir John Hicks,--you’ve heard of him, hey?”
“Never did. What’s he done?” I asked.
“He ain’t done nothin’ in particular, but he’s the wildest of the
family. Got plenty o’ money, an’ that Lord George Renshaw, the old
un,--well, say, Heywood, you’ve heard how he got chased out o’
London?”
I had heard nothing, being an American.
“I forgot,” he went on. “You see, I’m mighty nigh an Englishman,”
and he spoke sadly and sighed, heaving his tobacco away.
“Why do you stick to English ships after they stuck you for three
years? I should think you’d drop them by this time,” I said.
He turned upon me savagely, his eyes shining and his face drawn.
“Why do I?” he cried, hoarsely, his voice sounding above the snore
overhead. “Why do I? What business is it of yours why I do it? Why
would any man do the thing I’ve done--but to forget--not the British
Navy, good God, no. It was bad enough, but you can forget it easy
enough, and to forget--”
 “A woman?” I asked, boldly.
“What else,” he said, almost softly. “I was a decent man once,
Heywood, and not an outlaw--what you will be if you stay aboard
here. Yes, I was married. Had as good girl as ever breathed. But I
was poor. What crime can a feller commit equal to poverty, hey? You
know the old, old yarn. I go to sea as mate of an Indiaman, and the
owner saw the beauty of that angel. Do I blame her? Not a bit. What
chance would a poor girl left alone for a few months have with a rich
young feller like him,--an’ him a rich ship-owner standin’ for
everything that’s good to the mind of a poor girl. She was lost if he
went unchecked, an’ who would check the honourable gentleman?
Not her friends. Oh, no! He took her out on a voyage with him--an’
left her without a cent--an’ now I’ll forget.”
“What’s against the ship?” I asked.
He seemed not to hear and was gazing aft, his head thrown back
against the windlass barrel. I repeated the question.
“Nothing I know of. But you can rest easy, Heywood, they are up
to some expedition that won’t bear the light. If you take a fool’s
advice, you’ll make the jump at Nassau.”
“Are you going there?” I asked.
“I don’t say. Mebbe I will, an’ mebbe no. But you better.”
“I’m glad you take such an interest in my future,” I said, rather
shortly.
He turned full upon me, and I saw his eyes shine in the light.
“Look here, Heywood, I don’t deserve that. You’ve got a bad
memory. I may have been a fool to let off about myself. I reckon I
was, but I’ve liked you, and there’s not a damn thing aboard here I
ever could like except you. I say again, it’ll be best for you if you
jump her at Nassau.”
“Well,” I said, “Tim, I’m pretty mean to say you no after saving me
from that Watkins’s carver, though I reckon I could take care of the
old duffer even if he had forty knives. I didn’t mean to rough you,
for it’s with you whether I go or not. I’d stay aboard to be with you,
and that’s saying a bit more than I’ve said to any man for some
time.”
 He gazed steadily at me, and I thought his eyes had a wistful look.
Then he spoke low in a voice I could hardly hear.
“I’m glad you like me, Heywood. Maybe we’ll go together. Yes, we
might go together. Afterward--afterward--you won’t mind a feller
being, so to say, a bit outside the law. There’ll be a line for my neck,
you know, if--well, no matter. If you stay in the ship, there’ll be one
for all hands, if there’s any faith to be placed in signs.”
Then we remained silent for a long time. I thought of Watkins and
his dastardly attempt upon me, and wondered if Tim was not a bit
off in his mind. But when I remembered the lost socks, I knew he
was not mistaken, for a sailor would hesitate a long time before
throwing his last pair away. The danger must have been imminent. It
was a queer ship. That was certain. Half her crew had been shipped
by fraud, and her alleged owners were not above reproach. As to
her captain, there was nothing he was not capable of, provided it
was wrong, in spite of his years and mask-like face, withered and
bare as a sun-scorched lemon. We must have been asleep when the
watch was called, for I remember nothing of the bells, and suddenly
found myself looking into the rising sun, which shone with unusual
vigour over a windy sea.
Tim was just in the act of going below as I looked at the forecastle
scuttle. His face seemed pale and drawn, but he smiled as he dived
down the companion-way.
“You can get those gun-covers laced fast before we start washing
down decks,” said Mr. Gull, coming to the edge of the forecastle, and
I was soon on the main-deck with my trousers up to my knees,
enjoying the rushing warm sea water the watch were flinging along
the gangway, following it aft with squeegee and swab until the
planks were spotless.
How refreshing is that breeze of the early day at sea! The lines, all
damp with the salt dew of the night, hum a note of gladness to
welcome the rising disc of light. The brisk sea wind freshens,
wrinkling the broad ridges rushing before it, and brushing their white
crests into a wide spread of glittering jewels that flash, sparkle, and
hiss in the growing light. The air braces the tired body, and the
appetite grows keen. The men of the morning watch take on new
life, and all eyes begin to cast looks at the galley stovepipe,
watching for the increasing volume of smoke outpouring that tells of
the preparation of the morning meal.
 CHAPTER X.
YANKEE DAN AND HIS DAUGHTER

For the next three weeks we ran smoothly to the westward, with
nothing occurring aboard The Gentle Hand to break the monotony of
ship’s duty. The stiff breeze, the edge of the northeast trade-wind,
bore us steadily on over warm seas bright with sunlight and under
blue skies flecked with the lumpy trade clouds that hung apparently
motionless in the void above.
During this weather I had little to do, and had a better chance of
seeing something of the after-guard while looking to the gear of the
two long twelves we carried upon the quarter-deck for stern-
chasers. We carried no metal on the forecastle, and it appeared that
these heavy guns aft were out of all proportion to the rest of the
battery.
I spoke to Hawkson about it, but he explained that the natives of
the Navigator, Society, and Fiji groups were somewhat dangerous,
and that, as our mission was one of peaceful trading, we would
always run when attacked rather than fight, and the heavy twelves
were for keeping large canoes at a distance.
“It would be a rather large canoe,” I admitted, “that would face
the fire of a long twelve-pounder as heavy as any used in vessels of
the frigate class. The islands you speak of are not, however, in the
South Atlantic.”
“You always were a clever lad, Heywood,” said he, with an ugly
smile. “What a smart one you were to see the error of that! But we’ll
have a try just to see what you can hit. Get a beef barrel and heave
it overboard, an’ get the men of the gun-crew aft.”
 After that we seldom let many days slip without practice. Tim
begged me to take him in the gun-crew, and, as he was as active as
a monkey, I always let him have a chance. He grew very quiet and
sad as we drew near the Bahamas, and when we ran clear of the
trade, within a hundred miles of the island, he seemed to be gazing
over the sunlit ocean, watching for a coming breeze.
Sometimes I had him aft, polishing the brass of a gun-breech, and
I noticed that he divided his attention mostly between the captain,
Hicks, and Renshaw, and the southern horizon.
The great southern ocean is a lonely place, but its very loneliness
and quietness on the edge of the great winds makes it appeal to a
turbulent soul.
Tim and I sat a long time on the breech of the stern-chaser,
rubbing the metal easily and gazing out over the calm ocean. It was
quiet aboard, and the voices of the men on the main-deck sounded
loud and discordant. The slatting of the canvas was the only sound
aloft, the royals jerking at the clews first as the barque swung easily
on the swell, and then the t’gallantsails followed by the topsails fore
and aft, the taut canvas fanning the almost still air with the rolling
swing, making the jerking of the tacks and clews sound rhythmically
upon the ear. Below, the captain and his two passengers smoked
and drank their ale under the cabin skylight, their jokes sounding
particularly coarse in the sunlit quiet.
Tim suddenly stopped work and gazed to the southward. Far
away, miles and miles to windward, the horizon darkened slightly
where the deeper blue of the ocean stood out against the pale azure
of the semitropical sky.
While he looked, there came a sound over the water. It was a
long, plaintive cry of immense volume, but hardly distinct enough to
be heard unless the listener gave his attention. It was like a wild
minor chord of a harp, long continued and sustained, rising and
falling over the dark blue heave of the swells where the light air
darkened and streaked the ruffled surface. Farther away to
windward, the ocean took on a deeper blue, and the air filled the
sails more steadily for a few minutes.
 Tim stood gazing into the distance, his eyes bright and his lips
parted, but there was an expression of peace and tranquillity upon
his freckled face that I had never noticed before.
“It’s the calling, Heywood, Heywood,” he whispered. “It’s the great
calling of the millions who have gone before. Listen!”
I heard it. The sad, wailing notes coming from miles and miles
away to windward over that smooth sea, with the freshening breeze,
made an impression upon me I could not throw off. It vibrated
through my whole being, and was like the voice of great loneliness
calling from the vast world of sea and sky. It was not like the hum of
the trade in the rigging or the snore of a gale under the foot of a
topsail, nor like the thunderous roar of the hurricane through the
rigging of a hove-to ship. The melancholy sadness of the long-
sustained wail was musical to a degree. I sat there listening.
Of course, it must have been caused by the wind over the surface
of the sea at a great distance, or by different currents of air in
passing, but the effect upon the imagination was like that which
might be caused by the prolonged cry of a distant host from the
vastness of sunlit waste. It pervaded my whole being, and enforced
listening to its call, seeming to draw my soul to it as if out in that
sparkling world of rippling wavelets lay the end of all strife and the
great eternal peace.
Tim stretched forth his arm. His eyes held a strange look in them,
and he moved to the rail as though in a dream.
“I am coming, May, coming,” he whispered.
Before I realized what had happened, he had gone over the side.
Then I jumped to my feet with a yell, and bawled out: “Man
overboard!” at the same time heaving the end of a gun-tackle over
the taffrail. The cry and noise of my rush brought the entire watch to
the side, and the captain and Hawkson to the quarter-rail. The
barque was barely moving, and Tim was alongside. But he refused
to take the end of the line. There was an exclamation beside me at
the taffrail, and Renshaw leaned his elbows upon the rail and looked
over at the sinking sailor. Their eyes met for an instant, and Tim
made a grab for the line. He was hauled up quickly, and went
forward without a word of excuse to the captain and Hawkson’s
inquiries as to how he happened overboard.
It was a strange occurrence, and I pondered over it that evening
while the barque rolled slowly toward the islands under a bright
moon, and our watch stretched themselves upon the main-hatch to
smoke and spin yarns. Tim avoided me.
The next morning we found ourselves close to New Providence
Harbour, the white water of the Great Bahama bank stretching away
on all sides.
The skipper seemed to know the bank pretty well, for he sprung
his luff and headed into the harbour without waiting for a pilot. We
ran close in, clewing up the topsails as we went; then dropping the
head-sails, let go the hook within pistol-shot of the town of Nassau.
The town looked inviting enough. There it lay, and any kind of a
swimmer could make the beach easily. In fact, before we had the
sails rolled up there were niggers alongside, swimming out in utter
disregard for sharks, and begging for a coin to be tossed overboard
that they might dive for it and catch it before it reached the bottom.
I was anxious about Tim. His strange action and talk made me
expect some peculiar happening, and I watched him closely.
Martin came to me as I stood in the fore-rigging and spoke,
looking longingly at the white coral beach, where the cocoanuts
raised their bunchy, long-leaved tops into the hot air and rustled
softly an invitation to the sailor.
“I say, Heywood, ye dare do it or no, hey?” he said.
“I’ll see,” I answered; “but isn’t the barky all right? We’ve been
treated mighty well even if we were gulled in signing into her. I don’t
know the place, and we might be a great deal worse off ashore.”
“Barky be sunk! What the devil care I for the barky, man? Didn’t I
sign on as mate?”
Bill came down from aloft and joined us, and then big Jones came
forward with Tim. We made a pretence of coiling down running-gear
on the pin-rail, while we gazed longingly at the shore.
While we looked, a whale-boat shot out from the landing. It was
rowed by eight strapping blacks, the oars double-banked, and in the
stern-sheets were two men in white linen, looking very cool and trim
in the hot sunshine. As the craft drew nearer, we saw she was
heading for us, and the two men were gazing at our quarter-deck,
where Hawkson and Captain Howard were talking earnestly with
Hicks and Renshaw. The one who was steering was a medium-sized
man with a smooth, red face, his beard seeming to start just
beneath his chin and fill his collar with its shaggy growth that shot
upward from somewhere below.
Behind this man in the stern-sheets, I caught the flutter of a
dress, and soon made out the figure of a young girl dressed in white
muslin.
“Who is it?” asked Bill. “Looks youst like an admiral.”
“It’s Yankee Dan,” said Tim. “I thought so. That’s his daughter
with him. He’s the biggest trader north o’ Cuba.”
“The deil run away with him,” said Martin. “If he’s backin’ this
barque fer nothin’ but plain, honest trade, I’m no man fer him. She
ware a pirit once, why not again? I slip before dark. Will ye be the
mon to follow, ye giant Jones, or be ye nothin’ but a beefy lout like
what ye look?”
The big fellow scowled at this.
“Ef you are the better man, show me to-night,” said he.
The boat had now drawn up alongside, and the bearded fellow in
charge stood up and hailed the quarter-deck, where Howard,
Hawkson, and the rest were leaning over the rail watching him.
Hicks and Renshaw bowed and removed their hats in deference to
the young lady, but Hawkson and the skipper stood stiff.
“Didn’t expect to see you, Howard,” cried the trader. “They haven’t
hung you yet! How is it? Rope scarce? Lines give out? This is my
daughter,--and you’ll be damn civil to her if you’ll do any business
with me. Swing over your ladder, and don’t keep me waiting. I won’t
wait for you or any other bull-necked Britisher.”
Hawkson had already had Mr. Gull swing out the accommodation
ladder from the poop, and the second mate simply lowered it an inch
or two as the whale-boat swept up.
“Take in them oak gales,” roared Yankee Dan, whacking the stroke
oarsman over the knuckles with a light cane he carried. Then pulling
savagely upon the port tiller-rope, the boat swung up alongside the
ladder under full headway.
“Stop her,” he bellowed.
It looked as though she would go rasping along the whole length
of the barque with the impetus, but the blacks were instantly at the
rail, grasping and seizing anything in their powerful hands, while one
man forward, who had banked the bow oar, stood up with a huge
hook and rammed its point into our side to check her. She brought
up so suddenly that the trader was almost thrown from his feet.
“Come aboard, Whiskers, an’ don’t tear all our paint off,” said
Hawkson, swaying the man-ropes so they fell aboard.
The old trader glanced upward, the white hair of his beard sticking
out aggressively over his collar and framing his otherwise hairless
face in a sort of bristling halo. I saw the young girl flash a glance of
disdain at the poop and then seize the man-ropes. She sprang lightly
upon the ladder and mounted rapidly to the deck, followed by the
younger man, who had replied to none of the salutations and had
quietly awaited events.
Yankee Dan followed and seized Hawkson’s hand, greeting him as
an old friend. Then he slapped Captain Howard a rousing blow upon
the back and introduced his daughter. Mr. Curtis shook hands all
round, appearing to know every one, and we rightly surmised that
he was the principal owner.
The vociferous trader kept talking in high good humour, being on
familiar terms with Hicks, Renshaw, and the captain, and our men
were anxious to hear his words, hoping to gather something in
reference to our cruise. As for me, I found my attention drawn more
toward the young lady, for never had I seen such perfection in
womanly form or feature.
She was tall, and her figure, while not stout, had a supple fulness
that spoke of great strength and grace. Her face was full and rosy,
and her dark eyes were exquisitely bright, glancing quickly at a word
or look. Her mouth, partly open, showed strong white teeth, and her
smile was a revelation. There was nothing about her that spoke of
her father save her apparent good humour and disdain for
conventionalities. Her eyes were gentle, and had nothing of the
fierce twinkle of the trader’s. Altogether I was so entirely taken up
noting her charms that I was not aware of Mr. Gull until he came
close to us and bawled out:
“Clear away the long-boat. All loafers who are tired of the sea and
want a run on the beach get ready to go ashore.”
 CHAPTER XI.
WE MAKE A DAY OF IT

“Did you fellers hear me?” asked Mr. Gull, coming toward Martin
and the rest of us.
“Harkee, Mr. Gull,” said the Scot, “d’ye mean we can clear ef the
wessel don’t suit? Is that the lay o’ it? She’s a fine ship, Mr. Gull, an’
fer me ye can lay to it. I’d never leave her, unless it’s the wish o’ the
matchless officers that commands her.”
“If you drunkards ain’t aboard again by eight bells to-night, it’ll be
a sorry crowd that’ll come next day,--an’ ye can lay to that, ye fine
Scotchman, an’ with just as much scope as ye may care for.”
Big Jones smiled as he unbent the boat tackle. It was evident our
second mate was not as big a fool as he looked, but it seemed
strange we should be allowed ashore unless the captain had good
reason to believe we could be back aboard again. Only a few
minutes before we were planning some desperate means of reaching
the beach, and now the invitation was offered to all who cared to
avail themselves of the captain’s liberality.
In a very short time the boat was overboard, and a liberty crew,
consisting of Martin, Tim, Big Jones, Bill, Anderson, a Norwegian of
Gull’s watch, a German called Ernest, the black cook, and myself,
jumped into her and started off.
“If I come back again,” said Jones, “they’ll need a good, strong
heavy man over there or a pair o’ mules to drag me.”
“Good-bye,” said Bill. “Youst keep awake when we come
alongside. ’Twould be a pity to rouse you,” and he grinned knowingly
at the men who leaned over the rail to see us depart.
 I saw the old rascal Watkins come out in the waist and stand a
moment gazing after us, and Ernest bawled out a taunt in German
which none of us understood. Then we shot out of hearing and
headed for the landing, as wild for the beach as so many
apprentices.
The “Doctor,” who was a most powerful nigger, grinned in
anticipation of the joys on the shore. His clothes were nondescript
and bore evidence of the galley, and his feet were big, black, and
bare.
“Yah, yah, yah!” he laughed, “my feet is laughin’ at my pore ole
body, all rags and grease. Dey’ll hab a time asho’. Ain’t seen no
green grass lately.”
The boat was run upon the coral, and all hands sprung out
without waiting to shove her up. We splashed ashore through the
shallow water, leaving the Doctor to haul the boat up and make her
fast. It was evident he intended going back aboard, but we were a
bit differently inclined.
The black soon joined us and led the way to the nearest rum-
shop, the place all sailors steer for, and, without comment, we filed
into the dirty hole for our first drink.
“I says, Thunderbo’, give us disha stuff they says do a nigger
good,” said the Doctor, who acted as our pilot. “My feet is sure laffin
at my belly, Thunderbo’, ’cause it’s as empty as yo’ haid.”
Thunderbore, who was a huge, nautical-looking pirate as black as
the Doctor, showed a set of white teeth and a large jar of a vile fluid
which fairly tore my throat to ribbons as I swallowed my “whack.”
Big Jones took his with a grimace, and was followed by Martin and
the rest until all had drunk.
The stuff was pure fire, but the Doctor gulped a full half-pint, and
smacked his lips.
“Thunderbo’, yo’ sho’ ain’t gwine to make a po’ nigger drink sech
holy water as disha. Give us somethin’ that’ll scratch, yo’ ape, or I’ll
have to take charge here,--I sho’ will,” said the Doctor.
Thunderbore had a good temper, but was used to dealing with all
classes of desperadoes. He passed the jar again, and drew a Spanish
machete or corn-knife from his belt. He reached over and smote the
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