TOPIC 1:
Concepts, Principles and Theories in the
Care of Older Adults
Dr. Ivy R. Go, RN, MAN, DScN
Faculty
Learning Objectives: At the end of pre-recorded
presentation, students will be able to:
A. Discuss the life course perspectives of the aging process.
B. Explain the importance of life course in understanding the aging
process.
C. Review demography related to aging and explain its
implications.
D. Distinguish the implications of aging members in the family.
E. Interpret theories of aging and its implications in Nursing.
Topic Outline
1. Perspectives on Aging
Aging is a Developmental Process
2. Demography of Aging and Implications for Health and Nursing
Care
2. 1 Global Aging
2. 2 Aging in the Philippines
3. Implications or Impact of Aging Members in the Family
4. Selected Theories of Aging
Reference: Mauk, K. L (2010). Gerontological Nursing. Competencies for Care. Theories of Aging.
2nd Edition. Jones and Bartlett Publisher, Inc.
1. Perspectives on Aging
Aging is a Developmental Process
According to Sr. Lety Kuan, a UP Professor Emeritus (author of Life
Course Perspectives) she viewed life with three-pronged course.
ACQUISITION -‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐- STRUGGLE -‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ LEGACY
3 Components of Life Course
Source:
Natividad, J., Kuan, L., Bonito, S., Balabagno, A. Manahan, L; & Anonuevo, C., (2005) Caring for the Older
Person UP Open University
http://filipinonursesperspective.blogspot.com/2013/07/component-of-life-course.html
2. Demography of Aging and
Implications for Health and Nursing Care
2.1 Global Aging
2.2 Aging in the Philippines
Between 2015 and 2050,
the proportion of the
world's population over
Global 60 years will nearly
Ageing double from 12% to
22%.
Reference:https://www.who.int/news-
room/fact-sheets/detail/ageing-and-health
2.1GLOBAL AGING
Population aging Reasons:
is the 21st century's 1. Declining fertility.
dominant 2. Increasing life expectancy of older
demographic ages are causing elder shares to
phenomenon. rise throughout the world.
(Bloom and Luca, 2016)
REFERENCE: HTTPS://WWW.WHO.INT/NEWS-ROOM/FACT-SHEETS/DETAIL/AGEING-AND-
HEALTH
Changes in Life Expectancy was due to:
.
3. implementation
2. Advances in of preventive
1. Improved sanitation. medical care health services
Life Expectancy (Global Level)
Men= 69.9 years
Older men, 65 years &
(2015-2020) can expect to
live, an average, 17
years.
Life Expectancy (Global Level)
Average woman live up to 72.3
years
5 years longer then men
2.2 Aging in the Philippines
60 years old = 4.2 %
*80 years & older = 0.4% (2010- 2030)
improvement in life expectancy due to advances in
public health in the Philippines, (Coscoluella & Faustino, 2014)
Reference:
Badana, A.S. & Andel, R. (2018) Aging in the Philippines. The Gerontologist. Vol. 58 No. 2
pp. 212-218. Advance Access Publication.
Help Age Global Network. (2017b). Ageing population in the Philippines. Retrieved July
2017, from www.helpage.org
1. Chance to pursue new
activities.
3.Implications 2. Set a new career.
of Increasing
Global 3. Pursue a long neglected
Ageing passion.
4. Able to contribute in many
ways for their families.
4. Selected Theories of Aging
4.1 Psychosocial Theories
4.2 Biologic Theories
4.1 Psychosocial Theories of Aging
4.1.1 Disengagement Theory
4.1.2 Activity Theory
4.1.3 Continuity Theory
4.1.1. Disengagement
Theory
(Cummings & Henry, 1950))
1.1 MUTUAL WITHDRAWAL
1.2 GRADUAL DISENGAGEMENT FROM
SOCIETY AND RELATIONSHIPS.
REFERENCE: MAUK, K. L. (2010) GERONTOLOGICAL NURSING.
COMPETENCIES FOR CARE. THEORIES OF AGING. 2ND EDITION.
JONES AND BARTLETT PUBLISHER, INC.
4.1.2. Activity Theory
(Havighurst & Albrecht, 1953)
- the need to remain involved
in activities continues into
older life but the meaning &
the focus changes.
REFERENCE: Mauk, K. L. (2010) Gerontological Nursing.
Competencies for Care. Theories of Aging. 2nd Edition.
Jones and Bartlett Publisher, Inc.
. 4.1
444.1.3
4.1.3 Continuity Theory or Development Theory
(Havighurst and associates, 1960)
4 TYPES OF PERSONALITY OF
OLDER ADULTS
1. INTEGRATED
2. ARMORED-DEFENDED
3. PASSIVE DEPENDENT
4.UNINTEGRATED
4.2. BIOLOGICAL THEORIES OF AGING
Wear and Tear Immunological
Cellular Aging
Theory Theory
4.2.1. Wear
and Tear Body & its cells were
Theory damage (tissues and genes)
eventually wears out, by
overuse & abuse (Warner, et al., 1987)
Wear and tear can be viewed as
a result of aging and not the
cause of it.
REFERENCE: Mauk, K. L. (2010) Gerontological Nursing.
Competencies for Care. Theories of Aging. 2nd Edition.
Jones and Bartlett Publisher, Inc.
CELLS ARE
PROGRAMMED TO
FOLLOW A
BIOLOGICAL
“CLOCK” AND STOP
REPLICATING
OVERTIME.
4.2.2 Biological Aging
4.2.3. ❑ REGARDS NORMAL AGING
Immunological/ PROCESS AS BEING RELATED
Autoimmune Theory TO FAULTY IMMUNOLOGICAL
FUNCTION (EFFROS, 2004)
❑ DECREASED IMMUNE
FUNCTION AMONG ELDERLY.
❑ THE BODY'S IMMUNE SYSTEM
WILL ATTACK AND DESTROY
ITS OWN CELLS.
Thank you for viewing and listening SNs.
For any questions or clarifications about our lesson, we will
set a synchronous meet up if possible. (To be announced)
Kindly post your questions in our discussion post.
