INTERVIEWS FOR MEDICAL SCHOOL Multiple Mini Interview

(MMI) Practice, 1st Edition

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INTERVIEWS FOR MEDICAL SCHOOL: Multiple Mini Interview (MMI) Practice

tfm Publishing Limited, Castle Hill Barns, Harley, Shrewsbury, SY5 6LX, UK
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Contents
Preface xiii

Contributors xv

Section 1: Medical ethics 1

Introduction to medical ethics 2

Thanthullu Vasu

Q1 Patient confidentiality: disclosing personal information to 7

close family members
Vijaianitha Nallendran
Q2 Patient confidentiality: a partner’s request not to tell the diagnosis 12
Balaji Varadhan
Q3 Patient confidentiality: a teenager asking for testing for STDs 16
Hema Kannappan
Q4 Patient confidentiality: a partner refusing to disclose HIV status 20
Vijaianitha Nallendran
Q5 Ethical issues: a Jehovah’s Witness patient for preoperative 25
preparation
Satya Francis
Q6 Ethical issues: parents not allowing treatment for a child 29
Hema Kannappan
Q7 Ethical issues: euthanasia 33
Siva Thanthullu
Q8 Ethical issues: rationing cancer treatment funding 39
Balaji Varadhan
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Q9 Ethical issues: abortion 43

Vijaianitha Nallendran
Q10 Organ donation: opt in or opt out 47
Satya Francis
Q11 Refusal of treatment: discussion 52
Balamurugan Nambi
Q12 A patient with depression refusing treatment for suicidal ideas 58
Balamurugan Nambi
Q13 A colleague prescribes the wrong dose of medicine 63
Satya Francis
Q14 Should psychoactive drugs be banned? 68
Balamurugan Nambi
Q15 A patient coming in for elective surgery: is it OK to tell them 73
all the risks?
Satya Francis
Q16 A teenager asking for oral contraceptive pills 78
Hema Kannappan
Q17 Intervention without patient consent in a near­death scenario 82
Priya Gauthama
Q18 Non­accidental bruising in a young child 87
Hema Kannappan
Q19 A patient with alcoholism consuming hand sanitiser 91
Priya Gauthama
Q20 A patient requesting syringes and needles 96
Thiagarajan Sridhar
Q21 A colleague offering a placebo to a patient 100
Prabhu Gandhimani
Q22 A patient travelling abroad for assisted suicide 106
Thiagarajan Sridhar
Q23 A patient demanding painkillers 111
Kodaganallur Parthasarathi Krishnan
Q24 A mother refusing blood transfusion for a child 116
Balamurugan Nambi
Q25 Relatives refusing to stop intensive care treatment 121
Selvakumar Panchatsharam

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Section 2: General ethics 129

Introduction to general ethics 130

Thanthullu Vasu

Q26 Is it OK for doctors to strike? 133

Thanthullu Vasu
Q27 Problems with social media 138
Thanthullu Vasu
Q28 Posting photographs of patients or specimens on a public forum 143
Gokul Parameswaran
Q29 Communicating with patients on social media 147
Gokul Parameswaran
Q30 Should the healthcare system fund weight loss surgery? 151
Gokul Parameswaran
Q31 Should the NHS fund smoking cessation treatments? 156
Thiagarajan Sridhar
Q32 Should the NHS/social care fund holidays for patients 160
with depression?
Balamurugan Nambi
Q33 A parent requesting circumcision for a child 165
Thiagarajan Sridhar
Q34 Patient confidentiality and misattributed paternity 170
Vijaianitha Nallendran
Q35 Probity issues: a student asking for an illness note 176
James Francis
Q36 A friend who is cheating as they have learning difficulties 181
Gokul Parameswaran
Q37 A patient failing to disclose information to their landlord 185
Kodaganallur Parthasarathi Krishnan
Q38 A friend asking you to sign for their attendance 191
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Section 3: Communication — medical scenarios 195

Introduction to communication 196

Shreya Shyam

Q39 Delivering a diagnosis: showing empathy 200

Balaji Varadhan
Q40 Breaking bad news: terminal illness 206
Balaji Varadhan
Q41 An angry relative: their mother was not treated properly 211
Priya Gauthama
Q42 A blood sample is missing: inform the patient 217
Siva Thanthullu
Q43 An angry patient: a long wait in A&E 222
Priya Gauthama
Q44 A mother with anxiety about the COVID vaccine 228
Siva Thanthullu
Q45 Patient concern: not meeting dietary requirements 234
Rupa Jayaraj
Q46 Eliciting a history from a patient 239
Rupa Jayaraj
Q47 Dealing with an intoxicated colleague 245
Rupa Jayaraj
Q48 Breaking bad news: explaining postoperative complications 250
Selvakumar Panchatsharam
Q49 Explaining to a patient that you gave a wrong diagnosis 256
Rupa Jayaraj
Q50 A patient taking herbal medicines 261
Vijaianitha Nallendran
Q51 An anxious mother: her child is in pain 267
Priya Gauthama
Q52 Anxiety for a blood test 271
Siva Thanthullu
Q53 Vaccination in a teenager: an anxious parent 276
Subramanian Ganesan

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Section 4: Communication – general scenarios 281

Introduction to non­medical communication 282

Shreya Shyam

Q54 Damaged a friend’s iPad 283

Hari Adharsh Prabhu
Q55 Checking on a friend whose mood has recently changed 289
Hari Adharsh Prabhu
Q56 Talking to a friend who is a drink­driver 296
Hari Adharsh Prabhu
Q57 A friend who is googling symptoms and is getting anxious 302
James Francis
Q58 Talking to a friend who has a phobia of flying in aeroplanes 308
Hari Adharsh Prabhu
Q59 A friend’s parents object to her having a pet 313
Hari Adharsh Prabhu
Q60 Communication with an individual who has a learning disability 318
Subramanian Ganesan
Q61 Teaching an actor to tie shoelaces 323
Gamma Manohara Prasad
Q62 Picture­based communication station 328
Suresh Seetharaman
Q63 Video­based communication station 330
Kaviarasan Karunanidhi
Q64 Task­based communication station 332
Suresh Seetharaman
Q65 Map­based communication station 334
Kaviarasan Karunanidhi
Q66 Describing the way to your school 336
Gamma Manohara Prasad

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Section 5: Medical framework/medical school 341

Introduction to medical framework/medical school 342

Thanthullu Vasu

Q67 NHS framework and structure 346

Shivani Ganesh
Q68 The role of the MDT and allied healthcare professionals 350
Leena Naidu
Q69 The GMC code of conduct for doctors 354
Shivani Ganesh
Q70 If you are the lead for the health service... 358
Leena Naidu
Q71 Ethnic inequalities among patients 361
Shivani Ganesh
Q72 Equality and diversity inclusiveness 365
Shivani Ganesh
Q73 Problem­based versus traditional learning 370
Thanthullu Vasu
Q74 Teacher­assessed grades 374
Thanthullu Vasu
Q75 Compulsory working in rural areas for doctors 378
Arani Sridhar
Q76 Pharmaceutical industry sponsoring lunch 381
Kodaganallur Parthasarathi Krishnan
Q77 Ethics of charging patients 385
Thanthullu Vasu

Section 6: Personal qualities 391

Introduction to personal qualities 392

Shreya Shyam

Q78 Personal statement questions 394

Paul Sanjay Sundaram

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Contents

Q79 Work experience­based questions 398

Paul Sanjay Sundaram
Q80 Teamwork and its importance 402
Arani Sridhar
Q81 Improving teamwork 409
Thanthullu Vasu
Q82 Leader versus follower 413
Kodaganallur Parthasarathi Krishnan
Q83 Probity: a medical student stealing equipment 417
Siva Thanthullu
Q84 Clinical error: a probity issue 421
Kodaganallur Parthasarathi Krishnan
Q85 A patient complains that she does not like you 426
Prabhu Gandhimani
Q86 Motivation to do medicine 430
Siva Thanthullu
Q87 A positive attitude 435
Roshni Francis
Q88 A patient that inspired you 439
Roshni Francis
Q89 Enhancing learning when the clinical supervisor is late 444
Roshni Francis
Q90 A mistake that you did and what you learnt 448
Paul Sanjay Sundaram
Q91 What are your weaknesses? 452
Prabhu Gandhimani
Q92 Book or movie 457
Paul Sanjay Sundaram
Q93 Empathy versus sympathy 460
Paul Sanjay Sundaram
Q94 Making a positive difference 463
Sheena Abraham
Q95 Maintaining a work­life balance 467
Sheena Abraham

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Q96 Supporting a friend who has an eating disorder 472

Sheena Abraham
Q97 Coping with sleep difficulties in your career 476
Sheena Abraham
Q98 Coping with a high intellectual environment 479
Sheena Abraham
Q99 A patient is unwell whilst the doctor is away on holiday 483
James Francis

Section 7: Health and clinical topics 489

Introduction to health and clinical topics 490

Shyam Balasubramanian

Q100 COVID disease and the pandemic 491

Selvakumar Panchatsharam
Q101 The UK Government’s response to the COVID pandemic 498
Selvakumar Panchatsharam
Q102 Clinical examination of non­accidental injuries in a child 506
Subramanian Ganesan
Q103 Timing of introduction of COVID vaccination 511
Pritika Kandamaran
Q104 A sportsperson missing a tournament due to the vaccine 517
Pritika Kandamaran
Q105 Monkeypox disease and prevention 522
Pritika Kandamaran
Q106 Managing obesity in young children 527
Pritika Kandamaran
Q107 Smoking cessation 533
Pritika Kandamaran
Q108 Triaging: the scene of a bomb blast 539
Thanthullu Vasu
Q109 Triaging: a liver transplant recipient 543
Selvakumar Panchatsharam

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Contents

Section 8: Data and mathematical calculations 549

Introduction to data and mathematical calculations 550

Thanthullu Vasu

Q110 Comparing a graph of two painkillers 551

Prabhu Gandhimani
Q111 A graph of COVID incidence 556
Thanthullu Vasu
Q112 A graph of COVID vaccination 560
Premkumar Sundaram
Q113 A graph of coronavirus deaths in varying deprived areas 564
Siva Thanthullu
Q114 Obesity versus calorie intake 568
Premkumar Sundaram
Q115 A graph of diurnal variation of hormones 572
Premkumar Sundaram
Q116 A pain chart and its interpretation 576
Prabhu Gandhimani
Q117 Microgram versus milligram calculation 580
Premkumar Sundaram
Q118 Calculation to ml/hour based on body weight 583
Siva Thanthullu
Q119 Drug dose calculations 586
Premkumar Sundaram
Q120 Calculation of an inhaler dose 590
Thanthullu Vasu
Q121 Calculation of calories needed 595
Thanthullu Vasu
Q122 Mean, median and standard deviation 598
Siva Thanthullu
Q123 Insulin calculation 602
Thanthullu Vasu
Q124 Calculation based on a Venn diagram 606
Siva Thanthullu

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INTERVIEWS FOR MEDICAL SCHOOL: Multiple Mini Interview (MMI) Practice

Section 9: Other topics 611

Introduction to other topics 612

Thanthullu Vasu

Q125 Conflict with superiors and how to deal with it 613

Jatin Naidu
Q126 Writing a letter to yourself when you were 12 years old 615
Swetha Sridhar
Q127 Knowing about the university, curriculum and city 617
Thanthullu Vasu
Q128 Stuck on an island 619
Subramanian Ganesan
Q129 Creative thinking: why are schools needed for children? 623
Swetha Sridhar
Q130 Desert island: one person that can join you 625
Swetha Sridhar
Q131 Asking 20 questions with a yes or no answer 627
Thanthullu Vasu
Q132 If you could have a superpower 630
Subramanian Ganesan
Q133 Explaining to a 6­year­old boy how an aeroplane flies 634
Swetha Sridhar

RISE Foundation Leicestershire 637

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Preface

Dear Friends,

Securing a place in a medical school is becoming more competitive

nowadays! Studying medicine is very satisfying as it leads to a fulfilling career
that involves communicating, treating and caring for patients. In the
aftermath of the COVID 19 pandemic, many have been motivated to take up
a career path in healthcare, resulting in more medical school applicants than
ever before. In turn, universities have a much more rigorous screening
process. Medical schools seek out students with qualities including
compassion, honesty, teamwork skills and many more, along with a baseline
knowledge and skills.

The RISE Foundation Leicestershire is a charity based in the United

Kingdom. We run regular interview courses to prepare candidates aspiring to
become future doctors. Our team has a combined experience, expertise and
motivation to teach, and our courses continually receive excellent feedback.
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INTERVIEWS FOR MEDICAL SCHOOL: Multiple Mini Interview (MMI) Practice

The money raised through these courses goes to charitable causes via the
Foundation. We came up with the innovative idea of publishing a book after
running these courses successfully and thus putting all the knowledge,
experience and interview tips into a printed and ebook format. The book
contains practice questions from a range of interview stations, as well as top
tips and model answers to help the next generation of medical students to
prepare for their interview. The author royalties from sales of the book will
be donated to worthy causes through the RISE charity.

We thank Nikki Bramhill from tfm publishing Ltd, and her team, who have
given us enthusiasm, energy and support round the clock to carry out this
project successfully. Without the help of Nikki, this project would not have
been possible.

Our team hopes that you find this book useful in your quest for medical
placement and we wish you success in all your future efforts. We thank you
for all your support for our RISE Foundation Leicestershire charity.

Dr Thanthullu Vasu
Consultant in Pain Medicine
University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
Trustee, RISE Foundation Leicestershire Charity, UK

Ms Shreya Shyam
Medical Student
University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

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Contributors
Ms Sheena Abraham
Medical Student
University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

Dr Shyam Sundar Balasubramanian MBBS MD FRCA FFPMRCA MSc (Medical

Leadership)
Consultant Anaesthetist and Associate Medical Director
University Hospital Coventry & Warwickshire, Coventry, UK

Dr James Francis MBBS FRCP(UK)

Consultant Rheumatologist
University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK

Ms Roshni Francis
Medical Student
Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry (QMUL), London, UK.

Dr Satya Francis MBBS FRCA

Consultant Anaesthetist & Honorary Senior Lecturer
University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK

Dr Prabhu Gandhimani MD FRCA FIPP FFPMRCA MA CMgr MCMI

Clinical Lead and Consultant in Pain Service
Kingston Hospital, Surrey, UK

Dr Subramanian Ganesan MBBS DCH MRCPCH FRCPCH Paed Epilepsy SPIN

Consultant Paediatric Neurodisability and Epilepsy
Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust, Leicester, UK

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INTERVIEWS FOR MEDICAL SCHOOL: Multiple Mini Interview (MMI) Practice

Ms Shivani Ganesh iBSc

Medical Student
Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK

Dr Priya Gauthama MBBS MD FRCA

Consultant Anaesthetist
University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK

Dr Rupa Jayaraj MBBS DA FRCA PGCE

Consultant Anaesthetist
University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK

Ms Pritika Kandamaran
Medical Student
The University of the West Indies, Barbados

Dr Hema Kannappan MBBS MRCPCH FRCPCH

Clinical Lead for Paediatric Gastroenterology
University Hospital of Coventry & Warwickshire, Coventry, UK

Mr Kaviarasan Karunanidhi MSc (Computer Science)

Director, HealthyAA Ltd UK
Director, HealthyAA India Pvt Ltd
Leicester, UK

Dr Kodaganallur Parthasarathi Krishnan MBBS FRCA FCARCSI

Consultant Anaesthetist
Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK

Mr Jatin Naidu
Medical Student
University College of London, UK

Dr Leena Naidu MBBS MRCP FRCR

Consultant Radiologist, University Hospitals of Northamptonshire, UK and
Clinical Director in Diagnostic Imaging
Honorary Lecturer
Leicester Medical School, UK
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Contributors

Dr Vijaianitha Nallendran MBBS MD MRCOG

Locum Consultant Gynaecologist
University Hospitals of Leciester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK

Dr Balamurugan Nambi MBBS MRCPsych CCT CAMHS

Consultant Child & Adolescent Psychiatrist
Derbyshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, UK

Dr Selvakumar Panchatsharam MBBS DA FRCA FFICM EDIC

Consultant in Intensive Care and Anaesthesia & Clinical Lead for Intensive Care
Kettering General Hospital NHS Trust, Kettering, UK

Mr Gokul Parameswaran
Medical Student
University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

Mr Hari Adharsh Prabhu

Medical Student
Imperial College London, London, UK

Mr Gamma Manohara Prasad B Arch M Plan (Urban Planning) MSc (CPRED)

CoA ITPI
Senior Procurement Manager, National Health Service
Leicester, UK

Mr Suresh Seetharaman BE DPSI (Law)

Director, Global Aspire
Director, HealthyAA Ltd
Leicester, UK.

Ms Shreya Shyam
Medical Student
University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

Dr Arani Sridhar MBBS DCH MD DNB MSc PG Cert Med Ed FRCPCH FRCP
Consultant Paediatrician/Rheumatologist
University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, UK
Honorary Senior Lecturer, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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