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Adenovirus Infections in Poultry 1727915084

Adenovirus infections, first isolated in 1949, are caused by a non-enveloped double-stranded DNA virus with an icosahedral structure. The document details the classification of adenoviruses, their economic significance in poultry, transmission routes, clinical signs, postmortem findings, and intervention strategies including vaccination. Key adenovirus types affecting birds include Avian adenovirus 1, which leads to high mortality and growth retardation in affected flocks.

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22 views22 pages

Adenovirus Infections in Poultry 1727915084

Adenovirus infections, first isolated in 1949, are caused by a non-enveloped double-stranded DNA virus with an icosahedral structure. The document details the classification of adenoviruses, their economic significance in poultry, transmission routes, clinical signs, postmortem findings, and intervention strategies including vaccination. Key adenovirus types affecting birds include Avian adenovirus 1, which leads to high mortality and growth retardation in affected flocks.

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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Adenovirus

infections

Prepared by/
Dr/ Attea Idrees
History

 First isolated in 1949 in different regions


Etiology

 Non enveloped double stranded DNA virus


 Virus has 20 faces ( sides ) known as icosahedral structure.
 ( resist lipid solvent as 2% phenol, 50% alcohol, ether, chloroform )
 Resist ph from (3 to 9)
 Survive in 60 -70 Celsius degrees for 30 minutes
Etiology

 Adenovirus species D & E


 Serotypes 2,8a,8b and 11.
Adenovirus Classification

 5 genera :
 Adenovirus
 Siadenovirus

 Atadenovirus

 Mastadenovirus

 Ichtadinovirus
Adenovirus Classification

1. Adenovirus Affecting fowl


 5 species (A,B,C,D,E)
 11 serotypes

All subclinical except:


1. Fowl adeno V. 1 : produce gizzard errosion, quail bronchitis
2. Fowl adeno V. 4 : produce hydropericardium
3. Adenovirus D & E : produce INCLUSION BODY HEPATITIS which is the most common form.
 Especially serotypes 2, 8a, 8b, and 11
Adenovirus Classification

1. Adenovirus.
2. Siadenovirus:
 Produce:
 Haemorrhagic enteritis virus (turkeys)
 Marble spleen virus (pheasant)
 Splenomegaly (chickens)
Adenovirus Classification

1. Adenovirus
2. Siadenovirus
3. Atadenovirus: produce
1. Egg drop syndrome virus
• Adapted from
Springer.com
Economic significance

 High mortality noticed in flocks suffered from


 HHS ( hepatitis hydropericardium syndrome ) Avian adenovirus1
 IBH (inclusion body hepatitis). Avian adenovirus1

 Growth retardation in flocks suffered from:


 AGE ( adenovirus gizzard erosion) Avian adenovirus1
 IBH (inclusion body hepatitis). Abian adenovirus1
Transmission

 Vertical and Horizontal routes.


Incubation period

 24 – 48 hours
Clinical Signs

 Sudden onset of mortality (aged 14 days to 20 days in average) peaking 3-4


days and usually stopped at 5
 Occasionally continue for 2-3 weeks

 Crouched positioned bird.


 Ruffled feather.
 Recovered after 48 hours or died.
Postmortem lesions

 Pale friable swollen liver


 Small white foci on liver
 Petichial or ecchymotic hemorrhage may be present
Postmortem lesions

 Kidneys: swollen coincide with glomerulonephritis


Postmortem findings

 Presence of hemorrhages on the skeletal muscles of the bird is visible.


Postmortem findings

 Presence of necrotic spots and hemorrhage or/and congestion are visible on


the surface of the organ.
Postmortem findings

 Bursa and thymus : atrophy


Microscopic finding

 Presence of multifocal to locally extensive degeneration and necrosis of


hepatocytes.
Microscopic findings

 Characteristic large basophilic intranuclear adenoviral inclusions in the


hepatocytes are observed.
Intervention Strategies

 Management procedures:

 Imperviuos floors and walls


 Control at primary breeder level
Vaccination

 Breeders vaccination with inactivated oil emulsion FAdV-4 strain vaccine


 Grandparents vaccination with killed vaccine at age 10 to 17 weekk of life
 Day one birds vaccination with non virulent live FAdV-1 strain vaccine which
will induce complete protection three weeks later.

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