Lesson

Introduction To
1 Ballroom Dancing
PRE-TEST
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper
1. The dance Cha-Cha-Cha was originated in
a. Venice B. France C. Venezuela D. Cuba
2. The Cha-Cha-Cha has is in a meter 2
2 3 4
a. 4 B. 4 C. 4 D. None of the above
3. Which is a characteristic of the cha-cha-cha dance
a. An electrifying, syncopated Latin dance
b. Covered of extremely quick steps, syncopated feet rhythms, and runs.
c. The most passionate and sensual of all Latin ballroom dances
d. A lively and dramatic style of dance
4. What are the 4 basic steps in the Cha-Cha-Cha
a. Side step, step turn, backward walk, forward walk
b. Side step, cross over step, rocking step, forward walk
c. Side step, forward walk, backward walk, rocking step
d. Side step, forward walk, backward step, step together
5. The Cha-Cha rhythm developed for what type of music
a. Mambo B. Rumba C. Jive D. Tango
6. It is a coupe dance which are enjoyed both socially and competitively
a. Ballet B. Ballroom C. Jazz D. Aerobics
7. Cha-Cha-Cha has a music of
a. Medium-tempo Latin music C. Medium-tempo Standard music
b. Fast-tempo Latin Music D. Fast-tempo Standard music
8. The cha-cha-cha gained popularity in year .
A. 1950‘s b. 1960‘s c. 1970‘s d. 1980‘s
9. It is the basic rhythm of the dance cha-cha-cha.
A. 1, 2, 3, 4 b. 3, 4, 1&2 c. 2, 3, 4&1 d. 4, 3, 2, 1
10. In a Cha-Cha-Cha dance syllabus which of one belongs to Silver category?
a. Sweetheart c. Rope Spinning
b. Foot Changes d. Turkish Towel

BRIEF INTRODUCTION

Ballroom dancing is a form of couples‘ dance which are enjoyed both socially and
competitively around the world. Because of its performance and entertainment aspects, ballroom
dance is also widely enjoyed on stage, film, and television.

The term ―ballroom‖ is derived from the word ball which in tun originates from the Latin word
ballare which means to dance (a ball-room being a large room specially designed for such dances). I
time past, ballroom dancing was social dancing for the privileged, leaving folk dancing for the lower
classes. The definition of ballroom dance also depends on the era: balls have featured popular
dances of the day such as the Minuet, Quadrille, Polonaise, Polka, Mazurka, and others, which are
now considered to be historical dances.

Brief History of the dance Cha-Cha-Cha

The cha-cha dance originated from Cuba was originally known as the cha-cha- cha. The
dance gained popularity around the 1950‘s and was created from two other dances – the ‗mambo‘
and the ‗danzon‘. Enrique Jorrin, a violinist and composer, realized that most of the crowds related
the danzon-mambo rhythm to a much slower mambo dance and thus had hardship adopting the
syncopated rhythms. He decided to compose music that strongly focused on the first downbeat such
that the rhythm became less syncopated. This caused the crowd dancers to develop a triple step,
creating the sound ‗cha-cha-cha‘ with their shoes, thus the cha-cha-cha was born.
 CHA-CHA-CHA
Style: International Latin
Music: Mediun-tempo Latin music Meter:
4/4
Tempo: 128 beat per minute
Basic Rhythm: 2, 3, 4&1, 2, 3, 4&1 (accent on count 1)

What Is the Cha-Cha?

The cha-cha is a kind of Latin American dance of Cuban origin. The cha-cha-cha, as it‘s
sometimes called, is danced to the musical genre of the same name. The cha-cha dance
grew out of several dance styles, including danzón, Cuban son, and mambo. The dance is
known for its quick steps, with the name ―cha-cha‖ evoking the sound of dance steps
shuffling on the floors of nightclubs, dance studios, and other venues where dancers
practice this famous dance.

The cha-cha is a highly accessible dance with its steady beat and predictable rhythm. The
solid downbeat and consistent four beats in each measure make the dance accessible to
dancers of all levels. Easy to dress up and enhance, the cha-cha‘s inherent simplicity invites
individual flair and fun moves. Add chasses, hip twists, underarm turns, and other fancy
footwork to enrich this dance.

A Brief History of the Cha-Cha

A combination of the danzón and the mambo, the cha-cha dance has evolved
throughout history:

 Danzón: In early 1900s Cuba, the danzón reigned as a common dance style. A
partner dance, the danzón was more expressive and intimate than comparable
European styles like the polka and waltz. However, as this style evolved and took on
mambo, swing, and Cuban son elements, it featured syncopated and more
complicated rhythms.

 Enrique Jorrín: The Cuban composer Enrique Jorrín is credited with inventing the cha-
cha-cha, a form of ballroom dance music, in the early 1950s. Performing in Havana
dance halls, Jorrín noticed that some dancers had a more difficult time
understanding the danzón-mambo rhythm, so he composed the cha-cha-cha,
which had a steadier beat that was easier to dance to.

 Improvisation: The basic steps of the cha-cha invited improvisational footwork.

Dancers began adding a triple step to this new style, which gave way to the term
cha-cha-chá, an accent often written on the last ―a‖ to emphasize the final step.

 International boon: The recording of Jorrín‘s music in the 1950s publicized the cha-
cha and made it a craze in dance halls in Cuba, the rest of the Americas, and even
in Europe.

 Popularity: As one of the most famous Latin dances, cha-cha is still taught in dance
lessons worldwide and performed on popular television dance competition shows. In
the entertainment world, the cha-cha remains a fixture of international dance and
music scenes.

3 Characteristics of the Cha-Cha

The cha-cha has several qualities that make it easily recognizable:

1. 1. Playfulness: The cha-cha is a playful, lively dance. The movement reflects this
playfulness: five steps span the four beats of a cha-cha measure. The music can be
 counted as ―one, two, cha-cha-cha,‖ where the ―cha-cha-cha‖ pairs with beats
three and four.
2. 2. Emphasis on the first beat: A strong downbeat—accenting the start of each
musical measure—is a defining characteristic of the cha-cha that also keeps the
music easy to move to and interpret. Expressed in a simple 4/4 time signature, cha-
cha music and dance maintain a steady beat, more staccato than rumba, to
create consistent rhythm.
3. 3. Hip action: While the footwork for the cha-cha can be relatively simple, a lot of the
flair lies in the dancers‘ hip movements. The bending and straightening of the knees
during the simple back and forth footwork accentuates the hips, giving bounce and
rhythm that pairs nicely with cha-cha music. Torsos remain still, further emphasizing
hip movement.

How to Dance the Cha-Cha

This Cuban dance has several foundational steps on top of which fancier footwork can be
added:

1. 1. Start with a rock step. Leaders start by stepping back with the right foot, shifting
their weight to be on their right hip, and tapping the left foot. The follower does the
opposite, stepping forward with the left, tapping with the right.
2. 2. Add a triple step. The triple step follows the rock step. The leader brings their right
foot back next to the left, then lifts and replaces first their left foot then right foot. That
right-left-right action is the triple step and the motion that gives the cha-cha cha
dance its name. The follower mirrors this motion.
3. 3. Repeat, but alternate direction. The leader does another rock step, this time
stepping forward with the left foot and then tapping the right. They then cha-cha-
cha with their left foot, then right, then left again. The follower again mirrors their
movements.
4. 4. Add a side step. After doing a couple triple steps, the leader may try a more
lateral motion with the side step. The side step begins with a rock step, stepping back
with the right and tapping with the left. Next, instead of closing the feet together, the
leader goes side-close-side, stepping out with the right foot, closing with the left foot,
and stepping rightward again with the right foot. They then do another rock step
forward with the left foot and then another side step, this time going to the left. The
follower mirrors their movements.
5. 5. Hand placement. Throughout the dance, the leader can put their right hand on
the follower‘s back and the follower puts their left hand on the leader‘s shoulder.
Clasp hands with the free hand. Throughout the rock, triple, and side steps, both
partners‘ torsos should stay straight, and their hips should sway out to the direction of
their feet‘s movement. As each dancer moves on the triple step‘s cha-cha-cha, their
hips can sway left, right, left or right, left, right.

Four Basic Steps of Cha-Cha-Cha

1. Forward Step

2. Backward Step

3. Side Step

4. Rock Step
BRIEF INTRODUCTION
Swing dancing is a popular social dance that is often characterized by lifts, spins and flips. It‘s
generally upbeat, lively and a lot of fun to watch—and to dance! Like most dance styles,
there are variations of the dance. It includes some basic steps and then dancers have
creative freedom to make it their own.

Brief History of the dance SWING

HISTORY OF SWING
Swing dancing developed in the 1920s and 30s in America. In the midst of the great
depression dance halls were packed and Jazz music was booming, lifting people‘s spirits
and providing them with an escape. Originally ―Swing‖ referred to the style of Jazz music,
which inspired the dance. As Big Bands such as Benny Goodman, Duke Ellington, and Paul
Whiteman became popular, so did Swing dancing.
DIFFERENT WAYS TO SWING
The dance has evolved into different forms and now there are several types of Swing
dancing. Some of the most common include:

LINDY HOP
The most well-known of the Swing dances, it began in Harlem in the 1930s and is
characterized by a basic 8-count circular move with a ―swing out‖. Lindy hoppers are also
known to improv and adapt the dance to include other 8-count and 6-count steps, which
makes this dance fun and playful.
BALBOA
This partner dance has simple steps and started in California in the 1920s. Where the Lindy
Hop has a big swing out and larger moves, partners dancing Balboa keep a close embrace
and take up little space, fitting in a crowded dance floor. See it in action here.
COLLEGIATE SHAG
Similar to Balboa with a close partner embrace but with fancier footwork and a hopping
basic step, the Collegiate Shag is danced to an upbeat tempo. This dance originated in the
South in the 1930s.

CHARLESTON
Named after the city where it originated (Charleston, South Carolina), this dance is a basic 8-
step using the balls of your feet. The Charleston can be danced with a partner or alone and
became a hit in the roaring twenties. The fairly short and simple steps make it easy to
learn. See it here.
EAST COAST SWING
One of the more popular social dances today, East Coast Swing evolved from the Lindy Hop.
It can be danced to a variety of music including Rock and Roll and Boogie-Woogie. Unlike
the Balboa, East Coast Swing dancers take up a large amount of space on the dance floor
as they move around in a circular pattern incorporating lots of twists and turns.
WEST COAST SWING
Compared to East Coast Swing, West Coast Swing is a slower and more formal dance.
Instead of following a circular motion, dancers stay in a rectangular shape. It‘s often danced
to Country, Pop and Blues music and can be a very sensual partner dance.

SWING TO THESE SONGS

Swing dancing lends itself to many styles of music. Songs with a slower tempo are good for
practicing while contemporary songs can work well for West Coast Swing. Many modern
pop songs work well for East Coast Swing and musicians like Ella Fitzgerald are great for Lindy
and Charleston dancing.

Lesson
Introduction To
2 Cheerdance
PRE-TEST
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper
1. In Cheerdance, the word ―cheer‖ refers to .
A. To dance with the music C. To lift the flyer
B. To Jump as high as you can D. To shout out words or phrases
2. ―Bucket‖ is an example of .
A. A Jump C. A Leg Movement
B. A Hand Position/ Movement D. A type of dance
3. Toe Touch can also be called as .
A. Straddle Jump C. Spread Eagle
B. Pike Jump D. Tuck Jump
4. It refers to a kind of jump wherein the cheerleader tries to touch her toes out
in front of her body.
A. Side Hurdler C. Toe Touch
B. Front Hurdler D. Pike Jump
5. It is an element of dance which refers to duration of movement.
A. Rhythmic Pattern C. Energy
B. Time D. Space
6. Which is NOT part of a jump?
A. Landing C. Preparation
B. Lift D. Approach
7. Which move has your arms are raised upward with a closed fist facing in?
A. Candlestick C. Touch Down
B. Half T D. Clap
8. What was the very first pompon made of?
A. Paper C. Plastic Straw
B. Foil D. Cardboard

9. Which of the following is a kind of basic tumbling?

A. Back Tuck C. Handspring
 B. Cartwheel D. Layout
10. It is called when the cheerleader raise one hand upward with a
closed fist, then the other hand is raised sideways in shoulder level.
A. K Motion C. L Motion
B. T Motion D. Dagger

BRIEF INTRODUCTION ABOUT CHEERDANCE

Let’s Read:
What is Cheerdance?

Cheerdance is coined from the words: “cheer”, and

“dance.” To cheer is to shout out words or phrases that
may help motivate and boost the morale of a playing
team and perform better during a game. While, to Dance
is a physical activity where one expresses emotions or
gestures while performing bodily movements usually in
time and rhythm. On the other hand, Cheerleading is the
performance of a routine, usually dominated by a
gymnastic skill such as jumps, tumbling skills, lifts and
tosses combined with shouting of cheers and yells to lead the crowd to cheer for a
certain team during a game or sport. Therefore, Cheerdancing, is rooted from
cheerleading.

How did Cheerdancing start?Cheerleading history is linked closely to the United

States‘s history of sports, its sporting venues, as well as the historical development of
overall crowd participation at many Athletic events (history of cheerleading, 2015).
However, its origin can be traced as far back as the late 19th century where in 1860‘s
students from Great Britain began to cheer and chant in unison for their favorite
athletes at sporting events. This event eventually reached and influenced America
(timeline of cheerleading, 2012).In the late 1880‘s the first organized recorded yell
done in locomotive style was performed in an American campus and was first seen
and heard during a collegefootball game. However, organized all-male
cheerleading only transpired when Thomas Peebles, one of the graduates of
Princeton University, brought the yell and the football sports to the University of
Minnesota in 1884.
Essentials of Cheer Dancing
Arms and Hands Movement for Cheerdance

BUCKET CANDLESTICK BLADE JAZZ

arms are arms are -arms are HANDS
straight straight with straight in
with fists fists facing sideways, open palm,
facing each other as if open palm fingers are
down, as if they were and fist spread out.
holding the holding a lit facing down
handle of a candle in each and fingers
bucket in hand must stick
each hand together

CLAP CLASP T MOTION HALF T

Strike palms clasp Both arms Both arms

together in hands are extended are parallel
front of the together in sideways to the
chest front of the parallel to ground and
chest the ground. the both
elbows are
bent.
Essentials of Cheer dancing Leg/ Feet Position

BEGINNING CHEEER SIDE LUNGE SQUAT KNEEL

STANCE STANCE
Stand One leg is Both knees are body is
Straight with Stand straight bent, while the slightly bent supported by
both feet with feet apart. other leg is facing outward. the knees.
close extended.
together.

ESSENTIAL OF CHEERDANCING – JUMPS

TUCK JUMP SPREAD DOUBLE FRONT HURDLER

EAGLE HOOK Bring straight leg up to
-As you jump, chest and between the
bring knees -As you jump, As you jump, arms; back knee points
closer to chest, arms and legs both knees are towards the ground;
keep knees are extended bent sideways. land with feet together
together. open wide. at the same time.
 SIDE PIKE JUMP
HURDLER keep head
As you jump, up; bring
one leg is bent; legs to arms;
knee is facing arms
forward, while parallel to
the other leg the ground.
goes straight
up.
TOE TOUCH
Also known as straddle
jump. As you jump, legs are
open and parallel to the
ground.
TUMBLINGS

FORWARD ROLL
(a) squat down with hands on the ground
then (b) tuck head in with chin down. (c)
roll unto upper back and (d) rotate onto
feet continuing to a standing position.

BACKWARD ROLL
(a) From a standing position, squat down continuing
to a (b) sitting position with hands place close to
ears and palms facing up.
(c) roll backward while placing the weight of the
body on both feet, (d)
continue through a squat
position.

CARTWHEEL
(a) With one foot in front, (b) stand on one
foot and lean down until both hands are
on the ground, (c) transfer weight from one
hand to the other while driving legs above
and over the body. (d) place one leg on the
ground and continue through a standing
position.

ROUND-OFF
(a) From a standing position with one foot
in front, (b) transfer weight to hands while
driving legs above over body. (c) bring the
legs together in a handstand position.
(d) follow by snapping down the legs and
finishing with a quarter turn ending up
facing the opposite direction and continue
through a standing position.
 Genre of Dance (For Cheerdance)
Cheer dancing can also be incorporated to other genre of dance including Hip Hop and
Jazz/ Classical Dances.

Fig.2.1 Genre of Dance

Activity 1.
Direction: Name the following Arms, and Legs Movements and write it below the picture. Choose
from the words in the box.
L Motion K Beginning Stance Clasp Clap High V
Motion T Dagger Overhead Clasp
Motion Check Mark Half T Side Lunge
Squat
 Lesson
LESSON GALAW PILIPINAS
3
Last December 29, 2021 the Department of Education (DepEd) issues a DEPED Order No. 60,
series 2021, wherein the enclosed Guidelines on Galaw Pilipinas.*The DepEd National
Callisthenics Exercise Program, aims to (a) promote an active lifestyle for Filipinos that will
benefit both their physical and socio-emotional well-being; (b) improve strength, flexibility,
cardio-vascular endurance, coordination, and balance; (c) enhance cultural awareness by
integrating Philippine cultures in the calisthenics exercises; and (d) inculcate nationalism,
unity, and discipline.

The Department, therefore, establishes the promotion and implementation of Galaw

Pilipinas, as the national calisthenics, to achieve an active Lifestyle among all types of
learners in all key stages. It is a 4-minute calisthenics routine which shall contribute to the 6O
minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) prescribed daily for children 5-17
years of age (WHO Physical Activity Guidelines, 2O2O).

Galaw Pilipinas was developed through a series of workshops spearheaded by the Bureau of
Curriculum Development. Participants who served as developers were PE supervisors and
Special Program in Sports implementers bringing with them rhythmic movements/exercises
inspired by folk dances and tribal/festival movements in their respective regions. These
movements are inspired by Philippine folk dances which include Rigodon Royale, Tinikling,
and Maglalatik, among others; and festivals particularly Sinulog, Higalaay, Kalilang, and the
like Arnis stances such as strikes are also integrated in the calisthenics in recognition of Arnis
as the Philippine national martial art and sport' Meanwhile, select Special Program in the Arts
implementers provided the original composition with vocals a]1d instrumentals to serve as
the official music of the calisthenics. Finally, to ensure the quality of the calisthenics routine, it
was developed, validated, and finalized with the help of different experts from the field,
academe, and physical fitness associations.

This policy contains the Guidelines on Galaw Pilipinas as DepEd's national calisthenics which
shall be part of the daily exercise routine in class and be performed every flag ceremony,
flag retreat, or start of the first class. This calisthenics shall replace the different dances or
exercises performed by learners during school-initiated activities. It consists of simple steps
inspired by folk dances or tribal / festival movements and some fundamental arnis stances to
be performed by learners in the Public and Private Elementary Schools, Junior High Schools,
and Senior High Schools, along with the entire DepEd community. State and local colleges
and universities, as well as other higher educational institutions offering basic education, are
encouraged to adopt these guidelines.

DEFINITION OF TERMS
These guidelines shall use the following terms and their corresponding definitions as follows:
a.Balance is the maintenance of equilibrium while stationary or moving.
b. Calisthenics are strength training exercises that involve large muscle groups and require
minimal to no use of equipment.
c. Cardio-vascular endurance is the ability of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels to deliver
oxygen to working muscles and tissues as well as the ability of those muscles and tissues to
utilize oxygen.
d. Coordination is the ability to use the senses with the body parts to perform motor tasks
smoothly and accurately.
e. Flexbility is the ability of the joints and muscles to move through its full range of motion.
f. Galaw Pilipinas is DepEd's national calisthenics exercise program which shall be part of the
daily exercise routine in the school/ClC. This shall replace the different dances or exercises
performed by learners during flag raising ceremony or flag retreat or school-initiated
activities.
g. Physical Fitness is the ability to do one's work without fatigue and still have enough enerry
reserved to respond to any emergency.
h. Strength is the ability of the muscles to generate force against physical objects.