SITUATION.

According to the National Structural Code of the Philippines

51. The maximum spacing of main reinforcements for slabs as prescribed by design code is:
A. 3h or 450 mm B. 2h or 450 mm C. 5h or 450 mm D. 4h or 450 mm

52. Determine the strength reduction factor, ϕ for a flexural member having a net tensile strain εt for tensile reinforcements of 0.0038. Use Grade 280 deformed
reinforcements.
A. 0.65 B. 0.70 C. 0.80 D. 0.85

53. Determine the value of β for a class AAA concrete mix (fc' = 35 MPa).
A. 0.65 B. 0.75 C. 0.80 D. 0.85

SITUATION. A rectangular footing supports a square column concentrically.

Given:
Footing dimensions = 2.5 m wide x 4 m long and 750 mm deep Column dimension = 0.45 m x 0.45 m
Concrete fc’ = 28 MPa Steel fy = 415 MPa
Concrete cover to the centroid of steel reinforcement = 100 mm
Unit weight of concrete = 24 kN/m3 Unit weight of soil = 17 kN/m3

Allowable stresses at ultimate loads are as follows:

For beam action, the allowable shear stress = 0.88 MPa
For two-way section, the allowable shear stress = 1.76 MPa

54. Determine the concentrated load (kN) that the footing can carry based on beam action. Apply effective soil pressure only.
A. 4321 B. 3813 C. 4294 D. 3241
55. Calculate the concentrated load (kN) that the footing can carry based on two-way action. Apply effective soil pressure only.
A. 2433 B. 4867 C. 4294 D. 2147

56. If the allowable soil pressure at service loads is 192 kPa, calculate the column axial load (unfactored) in kN that the footing can carry if depth of earth fill is 2 m
above the footing.
A. 1424 B. 1920 C. 1400 D. 1527
SITUATION. The decorative concrete beam shown below is simply supported on span of 6m
Given: b1 = 350 mm d = 150 mm
b2 = 250 mm h = 600 mm
Concrete properties:
Compressive strength, fc’ = 28 MPa
Tensile strength, ft = 2.8 MPa
Unite weight of concrete = 23.5 kN/m^3

57. What is the bending moment (kN.m.) that will cause the beam to crack?
A. 36.95 B. 46.77 C. 52.91 D. 65.94

58. Determine the bending stress (MPa) in the extreme fiber in compression due to cracking moment.
A. 2.15 B. 1.85 C. 2.48 D. 3.45

59. In addition to its own weight, what uniformly distributed load (in kN/m) can the beam safely carry before it cracks?
A. 6.58 B. 10.4 C. 16.59 D. 4.32
SITUATION. The design of a cantilever beam, 3 m long, yields the following:
Width, b = 300 mm Height, h = 400 mm
As = 4 of 20 mm diameter bars As’ = 2 of 20 mm diameter bars
Concrete Compressive Strength, fc’ = 28 MPa Steel yield strength, fy = 414 MPa
Effective cover to the Centroid of As = 70 mm Strength Reduction factor for Moment = 0.90

60. Determine the depth (mm) of compression block.

A. 82.76 B. 72.86 C. 85.72 D. 75.82

61. Determine the ultimate moment (kN-m) capacity of the beam.

A. 152.73 B. 134.45 C. 135.14 D. 137.46

62. Determine the maximum ultimate load (kN/m), including its own weight, that the beam can be subjected to.
A. 122.19 B. 33.94 C. 30.55 D. 133.94
SITUATION. To retain the backfill, treated timber piles braced by the horizontal struts are
anchored to be dropped at 3m spacing. The piles are considered hinged at the base.
Unit weight of soil = 17.3kN/m3
ka = 1/3
Unit weight of water = 9.81kN/m3
H1 = 2.1m
H2 = 3.3m
H3 = 2.7m
Allowable bending stress, fb = 14.7 MPa
Allowable shear stress, fv = 1.48 MPa

63. If the struts are hinged at anchor rod location, determine the design maximum moment
(kN-m) of the strut.
A. 50.15 B. 55.11 C. 63.83 D. 44.9

64. If the strut depth is 300mm, determine the safe width (mm) in bending.
A. 230 B. 250 C. 210 D. 290

65. Determine the safe width (mm) in shear.

A. 288 B. 240 C. 190 D. 200
SITUATION. The beam having a length of 12 m is simply supported at the left end and at a point 3 m from the right end of the
beam. Take b = 350mm, h1 = 100mm, h2 = 450mm, clear cover = 40mm, diameter of stirrups = 12mm, diameter of
reinforcements = 28mm.
66. Determine the positive nominal moment capacity of the beam, in kNm.
A. 520.41 B. 302.19 C. 335.76 D. 468.36

67. Determine the negative nominal moment capacity of the beam, in kNm.
A. 520.41 B. 302.19 C. 335. 76 D. 468.36

68. Determine the maximum uniform load, in kN/m that the beam could support based on critical shear. Allowable shear strength
of concrete = 0.9 MPa and the stirrups is spaced 100 mm on centers. USE 2 LEGS ONLY
A. 52.01 B. 30.30 C. 75.32 D. 48.36
SITUATION. A simply supported beam 300 mm by 700 mm and span of 10m is prestressed by a straight tendon with a force of 1500 KN at an eccentricity of 200 mm
from the centroid. The beam supports a live load of 50kN at the midspan and a dead load of 30 kN/m including the beam’s weight.
69. Calculate the final stress at the top fiber in MPa.
A. 15.31 (T) B. 1.02 (T) C. 15.31 (C) D. 1.02 (C)

70. Calculate the final stress at the bottom fiber in MPa.

A. 15.31 (T) B. 1.02 (T) C. 15.31 (C) D. 1.02 (C)

71. Two wheel loads roll as a unit across a 12m 300mm x 600mm concrete beam. The loads are P 1 = 20 kN and P2 = 30 kN at 5m from P1. Determine the maximum
moment.
A. 104.17kNm B. 178.51kNm C. 180.63kNm D. 226.23kNm

Maximum moment under 30kN load

2
(𝑃𝐿 − 𝑃𝑠 𝑑)2 (50(12) − 20(5))
𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = = = 104.17𝑘𝑁𝑚
4𝑃𝐿 4(50)(12)

Weight of beam = 0.3(0.6)(23.6) = 4.248kN/m3

- The maximum moment due to moving load is located 5m from the support.
- Take the moment due to weight of the beam 5m from the support:
𝑤(5)2
𝑀𝐷𝐿 = 𝑅𝐷𝐿 (5) −
2

4.248(5)2
𝑀𝐷𝐿 = 4.248(6)(5) − = 74.34𝑘𝑁𝑚
2

𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 104.17 + 74.34 = 𝟏𝟕𝟖. 𝟓𝟏𝒌𝑵𝒎

72. Determine the number of non-zero force members
11 B. 12 C. 13 D. 14

There are total of 23 members in the truss.

The zero force members are: GH, HI, IJ, IG, FJ, DE, DC, BL, AM, AL, CL (11 members)
Therefore, the number of non zero force member is 12 members

73. For the structure shown below, does mass irregularity exist?
A. Yes B. No C. Maybe D. NOTA

Mass irregularity exists if the mass of any storey is more than 150% of its adjacent storey.
74. It is a reinforced concrete framing system that includes either drop panels or column capitals at columns to resist heavier loads.
A. flat plate B. flat slab C. waffle slab D. drop panel

75. An unreinforced concrete beam carries a total load of 5kN/m. The length of the beam is 5m. If the cracking moment is 10kNm, determine the length of crack.
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5

Length of crack along the beam are the sections with actual moment > Mcr.

Determine the location on the beam where actual moment is equal to Mcr
𝑥
𝑅𝑥 − 𝑤𝑥 ( ) = 𝑀𝑐𝑟
2
𝑥
12.5(𝑥) − 5(𝑥) ( ) = 10
2

𝑥 = 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 4
Therefore the length of crack is between 1m to 4m. Total length is 3m