KAART TERMINOLOGIE EN
SIMBOLE / MAP TERMINOLOGY
AND SYMBOLS
New York 4,496KM
Kaartsimbole / Map
Sydney 12,073KM
Manila 11,759KM
Paris 90
88KM
symbols
•Kaart / Map:
‘n Prent of voorstelling van die aarde se oppervlakte / A picture
or representation of the earth’s surface
Dit toon hoe plekke ten opsigte van afstand, rigting en grootte
met mekaar verband hou / It shows how places are related to
each other in distance, direction and size
•Simbole / Symbols:
Word getoon in ‘n sleutel op die kaart / Are shown in a legend on
the map
New York 4,496KM
Sydney 12,073KM
Skaal / Scale
Manila 11,759KM
Die verhouding van ‘n afstand op die kaart tot die werklike
Paris 90
88KM
afstand op die grond / The ratio of a distance on the map to the
actual distance on the ground
Kaarte het of ‘n verhoudingskaal of ‘n lynskaal / Maps have either
a ratio scale or a line scale
•Verhoudingskaal / Ratio scale:
1:50 000 – 1 cm op die kaart = 50 000 cm (0,5km) in werklikheid
/ 1:50 000 – I cm on the map = 50 000 cm (0,5km) in reality
•Lynskaal / Line scale:
Om die afstand tussen 2 punte op die kaart te bereken / To
calculate the distance between 2 points on a map
Afstandaanwysers /
Distance indicators
New York 4,496KM
Sydney 12,073KM
Manila 11,759KM
Paris 90
88KM
Sommige kaarte toon afstande tussen plekke op roetes wat
dorpe met mekaar verbind / Some maps show distances
between places on routes connecting towns
Rigting / Direction
New York 4,496KM
Sydney 12,073KM
Manila 11,759KM Om die posisies van een plek in verhouding tot ‘n ander te
Paris 90
88KM beskryf / A way of describing the position of one place in relation
to another
Daar is 16 rigtingpunte / There is 16 points of direction:
4 Hoofpunte / 4 Main points:
1.Noord / North
2.Oos / East
3.Suid / South
4.Wes / West
Lentegraadlyne / Lines
of Longitude
New York 4,496KM
Sydney 12,073KM
Manila 11,759KM
Paris 90
88KM
Loop van Noord na Suid / Runs from North to South
Intervalle van 15°/ 15° Intervals
0° -lengtelyn – Greenwich Meridiaan - Loop deur Greenwich,
Londen, Verenigde Koningkryk / 0° line of longitude – Greenwich
Meridian -Runs through Greenwich, London, United Kingdom
Verdeel die aarde in die Oostelike en Westelike Hemisfere /
Divides the Earth into the Eastern and Western Hemispheres
Verdeel die aarde in 24 tydsones / Divides the Earth into 24 time
zones.
Breedtegraadlyne /
Lines of latitude
New York 4,496KM
Sydney 12,073KM
Manila 11,759KM
Paris 90
88KM
Loop van Oos na Wes / Runs from East to West
Intervalle van 15°/ 15° Intervals
0° - breedtelyn – Ewenaar / 0° line of latitude – Equator
Verdeel die aarde in die Noordelike en Suidelike Hemisfere /
Divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres
Ruitverwysings / Grid
references
New York 4,496KM
Sydney 12,073KM
Manila 11,759KM
Paris 90
88KM
Om ‘n plek of kenmerk op ‘n kaart te vind / To locate a place or
feature on a map.
UTK / UTC
UniverseleTyd Koördinate / Universal Time Coordinate
New York 4,496KM
Tydsones word bereken in verhouding tot die UTK / Time zones are
Sydney 12,073KM
calculated in relation to the UTC
Manila 11,759KM
UTK is gebaseer op die plaaslike standaardtyd van die 0° - lengtelyn /
Paris 90
88KM
UTC is based on the local time of the 0° line of longitude
Lande na Oos se tye is later as die UTK tyd / The time of countries to the
East is later that the UTC time
Lande na Wes se tye is vroeër as die UTK tyd / The time of countries to
the West is earlier than the UTC time
Suid-Afrika lê op die +2 tydsoneen Londen lê op die 0 tydsone, ons is
dus 2 ure voor Londen / South Africa lies on the +2 time zone and
London lies on the 0 time zone, we are therefore 2 hours in front of
London
New York lê op die -5 tydsone (SA op +2), NY is dus 7 ure agter SA /
New York lies on the -5 time zone (SA on +2), therefore NY is 7 hours
behind SA
IDL
New York 4,496KM
Sydney 12,073KM
Manila 11,759KM
Paris 90
Internasionale Datum Lyn / International Date Line
88KM
Denkbeeldige lyn op die aarde se oppervlak op die 180° lengtelyn /
Imaginary line on the Earth’s surface at 180° longitude
Oos van die IDL is tyd 1 dag vroeër as aan die westekant, Wes van die
IDL is tyd 1 dag later as aan die oostekant / East of the IDL time is 1 day
earlier that on the western side, West of the IDL time is 1 day later than
on the eastern side
