Thang Long High School Teacher: Dao Thuy Hanh 0985 809 284

EXERCISE 22

I. Choose the best answer to indicate the option that best fits each of the blanks.
1. We stood on the bridge______the two small towns of the London.
A. connected B. was connecting C. connecting D. connects
2. The conference______by non-governmental organizations was about globalization.
A. plans B. planning C. planned D. is planning
3. The books______by William Shakespeare are interesting.
A. writes B. writing C. written D. wrote
4. We are happy to announce the grand opening of our center, ___ to improve our both physical and mental health.
A. forms B. formed C. forming D. which formed
5. The electricity supply was increased to _______the demand during the hot summer months.
A. call B. see C. meet D. solve
6. The factory replaced most of its workers _______ robots.
A. in B. on C. for D. with
7. You can have a dog __________ you promise to take care of it.
A. unless B. as long as C. so that D. as if
8. You can't _______ responsibility for the whole event.
A. take on B. take up C. charge of D. take for
9. My son and his classmates often help ______ with their homework.
A. others B.one another C. the other D. Each other
10. Extra-curricular activities are an opportunity to foster integration among students ______ different classes.
A. from B. between C. among D. with
11.___________, they immediately called to congratulate her.
A. Having heard the news B. Hearing the news
C. When they hear the news D. When they have heard the news
12. In his quest for _________ perfection, he spends hours in the gym.
A. physics B. physicist C. physical D. physically
13. Many of the beautiful buildings in our cities ______ by exhaust gases from cars and factories have been restored.
A. were destroyed B. destroyed C. which destroy D. destroying
14. The man ______ of the murder hasn’t been brought to trial yet.
A. suspect B. having suspected C. suspecting D. suspected
15. My teacher arrived after I ______ for her ten minutes.
A. waiting B. was waiting C. have waited D. had waited

II. READING
The Hidden Crisis: Nature’s Silent Alarm
At first glance(ánh nhjn), the world’s natural landscapes appear majestic(hùng vj) and untouched. Towering mountains, vast
oceans, and dense(dày đặc) forests create the illusion(ảo tưởng) of stability(sự ổn đjnh) and strength. However,
beneath(dướ) this calm and peaceful exterior(bên ngòa), the environment is undergoing alarming changes. Scientific
evidence gathered over the past few decades suggests that climate change, deforestation, and pollution are having a severe
impact on our planet.
One of the biggest concerns is the rapid rise in global temperatures. This increase, mainly caused by greenhouse gas
emissions, has led to unpredictable weather patterns, melting ice caps, and rising sea levels. The consequences are visible:
stronger storms, intense(nãnh ljet) heatwaves, and prolonged droughts. These extreme weather conditions not only affect
nature but also threaten human communities. Farmers struggle with changing growing seasons, coastal cities face flooding,
and wildlife habitats are disappearing.
Another profound(sâu sắc) environmental issue is deforestation. Millions of trees are cut down each year to make space for
agriculture, urban development, and industries. Forests play a vital role in absorbing carbon dioxide and producing oxygen, so
their destruction contributes to climate change. Additionally, many species lose their homes, leading to a decline(sự suy sụ) in
biodiversity. Without forests, the balance of ecosystems is at risk, and the effects could be irreversible.
Pollution is another growing crisis. Plastic waste fills the oceans, harming marine life, while air pollution from factories and
vehicles causes health problems in cities. While governments and organizations are working on solutions, real change

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requires global cooperation. The introduction of effective policies, such as reducing plastic use, investing in renewable
energy, and protecting natural habitats, is essential.
Despite these challenges, there is hope. Many communities and individuals are taking action to help the environment. Some
initiatives include tree-planting projects, recycling programs, and clean energy solutions. Scientists and engineers continue to
develop new technologies to slow down climate change and repair some of the damage. While the task is enormous, every
small fix-up can contribute to a healthier planet.
If humanity acts now, future generations may still have the chance to enjoy Earth’s beauty and resources. However, if these
alarming environmental changes continue unchecked, the cost will be devastating. The time for action is now.
Multiple-Choice Questions
1. What is the main idea of the passage?
a) The world’s landscapes are strong and unchanging.
2. b) The environment is facing severe and dangerous changes.
c) Humans have no responsibility for climate change.
d) Only governments can fix environmental issues.
3. What does the word majestic suggest about nature’s appearance?
a) It looks grand and impressive. b) It is weak and fragile(dễ vỡ).
c) It is quiet and unnoticeable. d) It is small and hidden.
4. What is one effect of rising global temperatures?
a) Fewer people travel by airplane. b) Wildlife populations increase.
c) Weather patterns become more extreme. d) Rainfall levels stay the same.
5. Why is deforestation a profound environmental issue?
a) It makes land more suitable for agriculture. b) It improves air quality and produces more oxygen.
c) It helps protect biodiversity. d) It disrupts ecosystems and increases climate change.
6. What are some effects of pollution mentioned in the passage?
a) Clean water and improved agriculture b) Harm to marine life and health problems in cities
c) More forests and reduced carbon dioxide levels d) The complete disappearance of animals
7. Why is global cooperation needed to solve environmental problems?
a) Environmental issues affect the entire planet.
8. b) Only a few countries need to take action.
c) Governments have no responsibility for the environment.
9. d) Climate change is a local problem, not a global one.
10. How can individuals contribute to environmental protection?
a) By ignoring environmental problems
11. b) By relying on governments to take action
c) By supporting tree-planting, recycling, and clean energy projects
d) By using more plastic and fossil fuels
12. What does the phrase fix-up mean in the last paragraph?
a) To completely replace something b) To make a small improvement or repair
c) To break something down d) To ignore a problem
13. What is the overall tone of the passage?
a) Hopeful but urgent(cấ bách) b) Indifferent and neutral(trung lậ)
c) Negative and pessimistic d) Aggressive and demanding
14. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
a) To entertain readers with stories about nature
b) To argue against environmental protection
c) To inform readers about environmental issues and encourage action
d) To discuss the history of climate change research

III. VOCABULARY
Match each word on the left with the word that has a SIMILAR meaning on the right and its defination.
1. alarming a. spectacular A. facts, information, documents, etc. that give reason to believe that
something is true
2. exterior b. efficient B. from the outside
3. evidence c. problem- C. felt or experienced very strongly or in an extreme way
solving
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4. calm d. serious D. causing worry or fear
5. profound e. outward E. beautiful causing admiration
6. majestic f. proof F. find a solution to a problem
7. severe g. harsh G. successful or achieving the results that you want
8. fix-up h. serene H. peaceful and quiet
9. effective i. significant I. to refer a very bad situation

Here are the correct answers to the multiple-choice questions:

1. b) The environment is facing severe and dangerous changes.
2. a) It looks grand and impressive.
3. c) Weather patterns become more extreme.
4. d) It disrupts ecosystems and increases climate change.
5. b) Harm to marine life and health problems in cities.
6. a) Environmental issues affect the entire planet.
7. c) By supporting tree-planting, recycling, and clean energy projects.
8. b) To make a small improvement or repair.
9. a) Hopeful but urgent.
10. c) To inform readers about environmental issues and encourage action.

IV. WRITING
1. Put the words in brackets into the correct form.
1. As she approached the airport security gate, the facial ____________ screen scanned her face and quickly verified her
identity. RECOGNISE
2. We are concerned with the ___________ and psychological well-being of our employees. PHYSICS
3. She was an imaginative and ___________ manager. INNOVATE
4. The games is an international sporting event with more than three thousand ______________. PARTICIPATE
5. Any alcoholic beverage consumed _____________ can lead to problems. RESPONSIBILITY
6. I’m asking for your _____________! FORGIVE
7. Lying to your dad like that was really _____________ HONEST
8. My _____________with Chris lasted for over three years. RELATION
9. It’s _____________! I’ve won the lottery! BELIEVE
10. I can tell from your _____________that you are not happy. EXPRESS
2. Complete the second sentence so that it has similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given.
1. I have never seen any films as interesting as this one.
This is _________________________________________________________________________
2. She can't go out if she doesn’t finish her homework.
Unless _________________________________________________________________________
3. The manager won’t approve the request unless it follows company policy.
If _____________________________________________________________________________
4. The Eiffel Tower was built in 1889. It is one of the most famous landmarks in the world.
The Eiffel Tower, ________________________________________________________________
5. You use your mobile phone a lot, so you have large phone bills.
If _____________________________________________________________________________
6. Plants and flowers can’t live without water.
If _____________________________________________________________________________
7. I did not arrive in time. I was not able to see her off.
I was not _______________________________________________________________________
8. Mary has improved a lot this term.
Mary has made __________________________________________________________________
3. Supply the correct form of the verbs in brackets
1. In one year’s time, she (work)_________ in this company for 15 years.
2. I am angry because you didn’t tell me the truth. I don’t like (deceive) ____________.
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3. I (meet) ________ a lot of interesting people while I (study) _________ in Norway.
4. If the government falsl, the stock market (crash) _________.
5. His sister had him (do) _________ his homework.
6. The man got his son (leave) ___________ at once.
7. He risked (lose) ________his house when his company went bankrupt.
8. By the time he (get) _________ to the party yesterday, most of the guests (go) _______ home.
9/10. I am sorry. I forget (send) ________your letter. I (send) _________ it when I pass over the office tomorrow.

TEST

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best
fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.

ANNOUNCEMENT
The Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union is pleased (1)______a field trip for qualified 12th-grade students. This is a
wonderful opportunity to explore nature and learn about a (2)______.
Destination: Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex
Date: Saturday, January 20, 2025
Trang An is a mixed heritage site (3)______by UNESCO. It owes its beauty (4)______majestic limestone mountains and a
network of unique caves. The area is also known for its stunning natural scenery. With its rich history, it is a destination that’s
(5)______ for those who love discovering culture and nature.
The trip will include cave exploration, boat rides, and learning about the region's cultural landscapes. To (6)______a decision
about joining, please contact your homeroom teacher to register before January 15.
Let’s plan a field trip filled with meaningful experiences and unforgettable memories!
Question 1: A. announce B. to announce C. announcing D. to announcing
Question 2: A. site national heritage B. heritage national site
C. national heritage site D. heritage site national
Question 3: A. recognizing B. was recognized C. recognized D. which recognized
Question 4: A. to B. with C. for D. by
Question 5: A. intrigue B. intriguing C. intrigued D. intriguingly
Question 6: A. take B. do C. put D. make
Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of
the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.
Call for Ideas: Restoration of Hue Imperial City
Are you passionate about preserving cultural heritage? Join us in an exciting competition to develop innovative ideas for
restoring the majestic Hue Imperial City, a UNESCO-recognized historical (7)______ and one of Vietnam’s most treasured
landmarks.
This competition invites individuals and teams to (8)______ creative solutions that honor the city’s historical significance
while embracing sustainable practices. Participants are encouraged to suggest restoring iconic structures, reviving cultural
traditions, and improving the site’s accessibility for visitors.
(9)______ restoration proposals, we welcome other ideas that could enhance the preservation and promotion of this
extraordinary site. From landscaping designs to modern digital integration, the possibilities are endless!
The competition aims to give (10)______to a diverse community of architects, historians, students, and enthusiasts. We
believe that collaboration across a wide (11)______of perspectives will lead to meaningful and impactful outcomes.
Winners will have the opportunity to see their ideas brought to life and contribute to the preservation of a cherished piece of
history.
Submit your proposal today and play a role in restoring the grandeur of the Hue Imperial City for (12)______ successive
generations!

Question 7: A. location B. site C. space D. landscape

Question 8: A. put forward B. carry out C. take up D. stand out
Question 9: A. In addition to B. Regardless of C. In spite of D. With regard to
Question 10: A. tone B. rhythm C. voice D. intonation
Question 11: A. category B. range C. scale D. level
Question 12: A. another B. others C. the others D. other
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Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a
meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17
Question 13. a. Sally: I’m good, too. Just been busy with work lately. It’s great to catch up with you!
b. Janna: Hi, Sally! I’ve been doing well, thanks. What about you?
c. Sally: Hey, Janna! Long time no see. How have you been?
A. a - c – b B. b - a – c C. c - a – b D. c - b - a
Question 14. a. Stranger: Sure! It’s about a 10-minute walk from here. Just head straight down this road and turn left at
the second traffic light.
b. Pete: Excuse me, could you show me the way to the nearest train station. I’m lost.
c. Pete: Thank you! And will I see any signs along the way?
d. Stranger: Yes, there are clear signs pointing to the station once you make that turn.
e. Pete: Got it. Thanks a lot for your help!
A. c - d - e - b – a B. e - b - c- d - a C. b - a - c - d – e D. b - a - e - c - d
Question 15. Dear Nhung,
a. I hope this email finds you well. I’m writing to let you know that I’ll be arriving in Hanoi next Monday and
wanted to ask if you’ll be at home then.
b. Would it be possible for you to meet me at the airport?
c. Please let me know once you’ve received this email. I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon!
d. By the way, I was wondering if you could recommend some historical sites in northern Vietnam.
e. I am also planning to visit a few places there to gather materials for my Cultural Studies presentation.
Best regards,
Anna
A. a - b - d - e – c B. e - b - c- d - a C. d - e - a - b – c D. b - a - e - c – d
Question 16. a. Many people even spend more time connecting with other people on the internet than in real life.
b. I think the internet is important because it has changed our lives in many ways.
c. For example, the way we communicate has changed significantly.
d. We can communicate with each other instantly using the internet.
e. If you go to a busy café today, you will probably see most people are communicating with their phones and
laptops instead of talking to the person next to them.
A. a-b-c-d-e B. b-c-d-a-e C. b-c-a-d-e D. a-b-d-c-e
Question 17. a. Each day, volunteers assist the elderly with daily activities such as organizing their rooms and helping them
move around safely.
b. Doing voluntary work at an old people’s home not only improves the quality of life for the elderly but also
teaches volunteers valuable lessons about empathy and the importance of care.
c. Beyond physical tasks, spending time talking and listening to their stories brings joy and comfort to the
residents, many of whom feel lonely.
d. Volunteering at a nursing home is a meaningful and rewarding experience.
e. Volunteers also organize recreational activities like singing, crafting, or playing board games to keep the
atmosphere lively and engaging.
A. d - b - a - e -c B. d - c - a - e - b C. d - a - c - e - b D. d - e - b - a - c

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each
of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.
The global average temperature also set a new record in 2024,(18)______. This meant the planet passed the 1.5C
(2.7F) level agreed as a target by the Paris climate agreement for the first time. The UN secretary general, António Guterres,
(19) ______.
The 1.5°C limit is a long-term goal, breached when warming is sustained for a decade or more. In 2024, CO2 levels
rose significantly, far exceeding the levels required to stay on track for this target. While suggesting a smaller increase, (20)
______. Global heating continues to worsen as emissions rise, underscoring the urgent need to reduce CO2. Despite available
solutions, political inaction remains a major barrier to meeting climate goals.
Wildfires in 2024, particularly in the Americas, released massive amounts of CO2, exacerbating the climate crisis. The
increased frequency and severity of these fires are linked to climate change, while El Niño contributed to the dry conditions
that fueled them. Additionally, El Niño hindered vegetation growth, reducing the ability of plants to absorb CO2. (21) ______.

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The 2024 CO2 rise of 3.6ppm was more than double the level needed for net-zero goals. (22)______. Projections for
2025 predict a lower rise as La Niña improves vegetation growth. UN Secretary-General António Guterres has urged nations
to prioritize climate action, emphasizing the need for stronger commitments to address the crisis.
(Adapted from the Guardian.com)
Question 18: A. creates a lot of chances for people in a wide range of industry worldwide
B. that posed a negative effect on a wide range of aspects in a lot of countries worldwide
C. which worsened the extreme heatwaves, storms and floods that affected billions of people
D. was an inevitably consequent effect of global warming on human in all over the world
Question 19: A. having said that all of their products “wreaking havoc” were generated from fossil fuel
B. blamed the fossil fuel industry for pocketing profits for their products “wreaking havoc”
C. of which fossil fuel industry caused a lot of wreaking havoc for various countries
D. which was blamed for the continuously increasing temperature in every region worldwide
Question 20: A. the projections for 2025 still remain above the necessary threshold
B. they have performed an amazing presentation for projections for 2025
C. the average temperature has risen above the necessary threshold
D. it is necessary for the scientists to hold a worldwide conference
Question 21: A. We are worrying too much about a not-so-distant warming future
B. These factors combined to push CO2 levels to record highs
C. The poles are facing more and more widespread ice melting
D. Without it, the emissions from industrial activities is rising day by day
Question 22: A. We have also produced a double amount of greenhouse gases recently
B. Consequently, there is an increase in the number of endangered species
C. A lot of people are at risk of being unemployed and homeless
D. It also exceeded earlier forecasts due to wildfire emissions

Read the following passage about Our Festival Traditions and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.
Katê Festival
Cultural diversity is a vital aspect of any society, and festivals of ethnic groups play an essential role in preserving the
cultural identity of a community. Embracing cultural values through festivals is an important way of staying connected with
one community as well as its history and traditions, and a well-known Katê Festival of the Chăm people in Vietnam is an
example to prove so.
The Katê Festival, also known as Mbăng Katê, is the biggest yearly festival for the Chăm people in Vietnam. It is a
special time of year when they honour important figures in their history and the dead in their families. The Kate Festival takes
place on the first day of the seventh month in the Chăm calendar, usually in September or October. It lasts for three days and
takes place around three important ancient structures in Ninh Thu ận Province: the Po Klaung Yăgrai Tower, the Po Romé
Tower and the Po Inû Nagar Temple. All of these places are very important to Champa culture and history.
On the morning of the first day, Cham families take part in processions as they travel to the towers and temple,
bringing gifts of fruit, meat and rice. In a special ceremony, the Cham people receive the costumes of the Goddess Po Nagar
from the Raglai people, a cultural group with close connections to Champa culture. The Chăm carry the costumes to the
temple to celebrate Po Nagar, then they open the gates. Inside the temple, they start bathing the statues of important figures
and watching sacred dances. After those performances, people enjoy lively parties until the evening of the festival's second
day.
On the last day, people make special offerings to their gods at community houses in their villages and pray for luck
and good health for the coming year. Once this is over, there are traditional music performances, and then people do fun
activities like playing football and participating in weaving competitions.
(Adapted from Bright 12)

Question 23: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the key locations where the Katê Festival is celebrated?
A. Po Klaung Yăgrai Tower B. Po Romé Tower
C. Po Inû Nagar Temple D. Cham Museum in Da Nang
Question 24: The word “diversity” in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to:
A. variety B. similarity C. difference D. multiplicity
Question 25: The word “they” in paragraph 2 refers to:
A. The Chăm people B. The Raglai people C. The important figures D. The costumes
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Question 26: The word “lively” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by:
A. cheerful B. noisy C. boring D. dull
Question 27: According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The Katê Festival is only celebrated at the Po Inû Nagar Temple.
B. The festival is held at the beginning of the seventh month in the Gregorian calendar.
C. The Chăm people receive costumes from the Raglai people during the festival.
D. The last day of the festival is focused on sacred dances and bathing statues.
Question 28: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 1?
"Cultural diversity is a vital aspect of any society, and festivals of ethnic groups play an essential role in preserving the
cultural identity of a community."
A. Festivals are important for maintaining cultural identity and society’s diversity.
B. Societies depend on ethnic groups to preserve their own cultural diversity.
C. Cultural festivals are the only way to preserve a community’s identity.
D. Ethnic groups organize festivals to improve society’s cultural identity.
Question 29: In which paragraph does the passage describe how the festival begins?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4
Question 30: In which paragraph does the passage mention activities that take place in villages on the last day of the
festival?
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of
the following questions from 31 to 40.
Mountain Lions Amid Wildfires: A Struggle for Survival
Beth Pratt, the California director for the National Wildlife Federation, has spent her career protecting Los Angeles’
mountain lions. These top predators live in a rocky area surrounded by fancy houses and many roads. When wildfires destroy
vast stretches of open land, the survival options for these animals become critically limited. “This is the LA area—these
mountain lions can’t just move into the Kardashians’ backyard,” Pratt says, her voice filled with concern for the animals in
such a difficult situation.
(I) The chaparral vegetation, covering about 10% of California, is one of the world’s most flammable ecosystems. ( II)
In Los Angeles, suburban sprawl intrudes on these areas, blocking wildlife escape routes. (III)Fires strip the land of food and
shelter, transforming vibrant ecosystems into barren landscapes. (IV) Pratt highlights the urgency of the situation, explaining
how areas that once supported life are now “taken out of commission,” leaving many species to starve or struggle for
survival.
The consequences extend beyond wildlife. Wildfires have caused devastating human losses, with 88,000 people
evacuated and a rising death toll of 25. Meanwhile, the non-human world suffers equally, particularly endangered species
with limited ranges. Red-legged frogs, reintroduced into Santa Monica streams in 2014, are among the most affected, with
their habitats repeatedly destroyed. The Woolsey Fire of 2018 was followed by mudslides that wiped out much of the
region's delicate ecosystem, and scientists fear similar outcomes this time. California newts, reptiles, and snakes are also at
high risk, while mammals and birds, although more likely to escape, face challenges in finding food and shelter as the
ecosystem bounces back.
Despite the devastation, hope remains. The chaparral is a fire-adapted ecosystem, and life often endures beneath the
soil. Seeds can survive and germinate quickly, with grasses sprouting weeks after the first rain. Shrubs may take up to a
decade to recover, depending on rainfall. Prof. Stefan Doerr, an expert on wildfires, emphasizes the resilience of this
landscape, noting its evolutionary adaptation to high-intensity fires occurring every 30 to 100 years. While the aftermath
looks bleak, these fires play a role in maintaining biodiversity, offering a glimmer of hope for recovery.
(Adapted from the Guardian.com)
Question 31: Which of the following is OPPOSITE in meaning to “critically” in Paragraph 1?
A. slightly B. urgently C. severely D. carefully
Question 32: Where in the passage does the following sentence best fit in paragraph 2?
“Composed of grasslands, shrubs, and woody species that regenerate after intense wildfires, this habitat faces escalating
threats.”
A.(I) B. (II) C. (III) D. (IV)
Question 34: Which of the following is NOT a factor threatening chaparral vegetation?
A. suburban sprawl B. high-intensity fires C. loss of food and shelter D. excessive rainfall
Question 34: The phrase “taken out of commission” in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by:
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A. set up B. broken down C. put forward D. taken after
Question 35: The word “their” in Paragraph 3 refers to:
A. mountain lions B. red-legged frogs C. endangered species D. mammals and birds
Question 36: Which of the following best summarizes Paragraph 2?
A. Wildfires destroy chaparral vegetation, causing wildlife to flee to urban areas.
B. The chaparral ecosystem faces increasing threats from wildfires and human expansion.
C. Mountain lions struggle to survive due to suburban sprawl and lack of food.
D. Grasslands and shrubs are easily regenerated after intense wildfires.
Question 37: According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Mountain lions frequently inhabit suburban backyards.
B. The Woolsey Fire of 2018 caused mudslides that devastated the ecosystem.
C. California’s chaparral ecosystem cannot recover after wildfires.
D. Wildfires have little impact on endangered species.
Question 38: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4: “Seeds can survive and
germinate quickly, with grasses sprouting weeks after the first rain.”?
A. Seeds thrive under dry conditions and only sprout after wildfires.
B. Seeds endure fires and grow soon after the rains begin.
C. Grasses grow rapidly before the first rainfall, due to seed survival.
D. Wildfires prevent seeds from sprouting despite heavy rainfall.
Question 39: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Human intervention is necessary for the chaparral ecosystem to recover after wildfires.
B. The chaparral’s ability to regenerate after fires depends on its evolutionary adaptations.
C. Suburban sprawl has a minimal impact on the long-term recovery of the chaparral.
D. Without wildfires, the chaparral ecosystem would lose its biodiversity entirely.
Question 40: Which of the following best summarizes the main point of the passage?
A. Wildfires are a natural part of the chaparral ecosystem, but suburban sprawl exacerbates their impact on wildlife and
humans.
B. The chaparral vegetation in California is an invaluable resource that requires immediate human intervention to prevent
destruction.
C. Mountain lions and other species are at greater risk from wildfires due to increasing suburbanization and declining
biodiversity.
D. Despite the devastating effects of wildfires, the chaparral ecosystem’s resilience ensures a quick recovery.

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