16 Dalton's Atomic Theory Mass of substance

32. Which of the following postulates ofDalton's atomic (a) Molar masS = Moles of substance
beorv explains the law of (b) Mass of one molecule of asubstance
(a) Atons of two elements multiple proportion?
may conmbine with one
substance
Gram molecular mass of the
another to form more than one compound. Avogadro's number
(b) Atoms combine in the ratio of small whole (c) Number of molecules
numbers to form compounds. Mass of the substance Avogadro's no.
(c) The relative number and kinds of ato)s are Molar mass
constant in agiven compound. () Number of moles x Molar mass
(d) All of the above. =Number of molecules
(Page 16) (Page 18)
33 The main drawback of TDalton's atomic theory is 39. What is the mass of carbon dioxide which contains
(a) itcould not explain the law of gascous volumes
(b) it could not explain why atoms of different the same number of molecules as are contained in
40 g of Oxygen?
elements have different masses, sizes, ctc (a) 40 g(b) 55 g (c) 32 g (d) 44 g
c) it could not explain how and why atoms (Page 18)
combine to form molecules 40. Match the column Iwith column II and mark the
(d) all of the above. (Page 16) appropriate choice.
ColumnI Column I
17 Atomic and Molecular Masses (A) Mass of H, produced (i) 3.01 x 10
34. Oxygen occurs in nature as a mixture of isotopes when 0.5 mole of zinc molecules
ló0, 0and Ohaving atonmic masses of reacts with excess of HCI
15.995 u, (B) Mass of all atoms of a (i) 6.023 x 10
J6.999 u and 17.999 u and relative abundance of
99.763%, 0.037% and 0.200% respectively. What is compound with formula molecules
the average atomic mass of oxygen?
(a) 15.999 u (b) 16.999 u (C) Number of molecules in (ii) 1.43x 102 g
(c) 17.999 u (d) 18.999 u (Page 17) 35.5 g of Cl,
35. For every one CI isotope there are three 3$CI (D) Number of molecules in (iv) 1g
isotopes in asample of chlorine. What will be the 64 g of SO,
average atomic mass of chlorine? (a) (A) ’ (ii), (B) ’ (i), (C) ’ (iv), (D) ’ (iüi)
(a) 35 (b) 37 (c) 35.5 (d) 35.6 (b) (A)’ (i), (B) ’ (ü), (C) ’ (iii), (D) ’ (iv)
(c) (A) ’ (iv), (B) ’ (iii), (C) ’ (i), (D) ’ (i)
(Page 17) (d) (A) ’ (iv), (B) ’ (ii), (C)’ (ü), (D) ’ (i)
36. Carbon occurs in nature as a mixture of "C and
(Page 18)
C. The average atomic mass of carbon is 12.01 1.
What is the % abundance of "C in nature? 41. The number of oxygen atoms present in l mole of
(a) 88.9% (b) 98.9% (c) 89.9% (d) 79.9% Oxalic acid dihydrate is
(a) 6x 1023 (b) 6.023 x 1034
(Page 17) (c) 7.22x 1023 (d) 36.13 x 1023
37. Packing of Na and Cl ions in (Page 18)
sodium chloride is depicted by the 42. The density of a gas is 1.78 g L' at STP. The weight
given figure. Choose the correct of one mole of a gas is
option regarding formulamass of (a) 39.9 g (b) 22.4 g (c) 3.56 g (d) 29 g
sodium chloride. (Page 18)
(la) In the solid state, sodium chloride does not 43. Which of the following gases will have least volume
exist as a single entity. if 10g of each gas is taken at same temperatureand
(b) Formula mass of NaCI is 68.0 u. pressure?
(C) Formula mass of NaCl is the sum of atomic (a) CO, (b) N, (c) CH, (d) HCI
masses of Na and C. (Page 18)
(d) Both (a) and (c). 44. How many number of molecules and atoms
(Page 17, 18)
respectively are present in 2.8 1litres of a diatomic
L8 Mole Concept and Molar gas at STP?
(a) 6.023 x 103, 7.5x1023
Masses
38, W (b) 6.023x 10, 15 x1022
Which of the following formulae is not correctly (c) 7.5 x 10, 15 x 1022
depicted? (d) 15 x 102, 7.5 x 1023 (Page 13)
 WG Obje RI at yout
ngertip,
(i) 5 moles of water
(i) 10 moles of
12
NH, is waler
present in 34 g of (i) 6.023 × 10 molecules of water
number of atons
45. Total (b)
48x J0!
(Pge 18)
(iv) 6.023 x 10 molecules of water
(a) 4x 10 48x023 (b) () and (iv)
(d)
hydrogen?
(a) () and () (d) (ii) and (i)
What will be the ass of I00 atons of g
(c) ( ) and (iv)
46. (b) L66 x 10 (Page ta)
(a) 100 g (d) 100 x 6.023 x 10 will be
(c) 6.023 x 10g (Page 18) 55. How many oxygen atoms present in
sugar?
of CO,?
total are present in lkg of (a) 24.09 x 102
(b) 6.023 × 10'
4. How many atoms in 6x I0 atoms (d) 22 x 1024
(a) 9) 10 atos (b) (c) 44 x 1023
(Page 18)
atoms
(c) 6.023 x l0 atonns (d) 1000 (Page 18)
56. What is the total number of electrons present in
present in a 1.6 g of methane?
1.4 moles of phosphorus trichloride are the sample? (a) 6.023 x 1023 (b) 16
sample. How manv atoms are there in (c) 12.04 x 1023 (d) 6.023 × 1024
(a) 5.6 (b) 34 (Page 18)
() 2.4 x l0 (d) 3.372 x 1021
(Page 18) 57. A mixture having 2g of hydrogen and 32 of
Oxygen occupies how much volume at NTP?
49. Statement-I: One mole of CO, contains (a) 44.8 L (b) 22.4 L. (C) 11.2L. (d) 67.2L.
o.023 x 10 molecules of CO,. (Page 18)
Statement-II : 44 g of CO, contains 58. One atom of an element weighs 3.32 x 10 23 g. How
6.023 x 10²* molecules of CO,. many number of gram atoms are there in 20 kg of
(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are true. the element?
(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are false. (a) 2000 (b) 20 (c) 200 (d) 1000
(c) Statement-I is true but Statement-II is false. (Page 18)
(d) Statement-I is false but Statement-II is true. 59. Fill in the blanks by choosing the correct option.
(Page 18)
In terms of In terms of
50. In a mixture of gases, the volume content of a gas particles 41 Mole volume
is 0.06% at STP. Calculate the number of molecules In terms of
of the gas in 1 L of the mixture. mass
(a) l.613 x 1023 (b)6.023 x 1023 Z
(c) 1.61 × 1027 (d) 1.61 x 10!9
(Page 18) X Y 7
(a) 6.023 × 1023 22.4 L at any Gram
51. What will be the weight of CO having the same
number of oxygen atoms as present in 22 g of CO,?
molecules pressure molecular mass
(a) 28g (b) 22 g (c) 44g (d) 72 g (b) 6.023 × 1023 22.4 L at Gram atomic/
(Page 18) atoms/ NTP molecular mass
52. Match the mass of elements given in column I with molecules
the no. of moles given in column II and mark the (c) 6.023 x 1023 22.4 L at any gram nole
appropriate choice.
atoms temperature
Column I Column II
(d) 6.023 x 1023 11.2 L at Molar volume
(A) 28 g of He (i) 2 moles particles NTP
(B) 46 g of Na (ii) 7 moles (Page 18)
(C) 60 g of Ca (iii) 1mole 60. Statement I:1mole oxygen and N, have same
(D) 27g of Al (iv)1.5 moles volume at same temperature and pressure.
(a) (A) ’ (iv), (B) ’ (iii), (C) ’ (ii), (D) ’ (i) Statement II : 1mole gas at NTP occupies 22.4
(b) (A) ’ (), (B) ’ (iii), (C) ’ (ii), (D) (iv) litre volume at STP.
(c) (A) ’ (iii), (B) ’ (ii), (C) ’ (), (D)’ (iv) (a) Both Statement Iand Statement Il are correct.
(d) (A) ’ (ii), (B) -’ (i), (C) ’ (iv), (D)’ (iii) (b) Both Statement Iand Statement II are incorrect.
(Page 18) (C) Statement I is correct but Statement II is
53. How many number of aluminium ions are present incorrect.
in 0.051g of aluminium oxide? (a) Statement II is correct but
Statemnent I is
(a) 6.023 x 100 jons (b) 3 ions (Page 18)
(c) 6.023 x 1025 ions incorrect.
(d) 9 ions (Page 18)
54. Which of the following correctly represents 180 g ol. How much copper is present in 50 g of CuSO4?
of water? (a) 19.90 g (b) 39.81 g
(c) 63.5 g (d) 31.71 g (Page 18)
 Chemistry Some bastc COncepts o Chemistry
13
1.9 Percentage Composition 72. How many moles of oxvgen gas can be produced
62 0.48gof asannpleof a
and oxygen contains 0.compound containing boron during electrolytic decomposition of 180 g of water?
of OxYgen. What will be 192 g of boron and 0.288 (a) 2.5 moles (b) 5 mnoles
the percentage composition (c) 10moles (d) 7 moles (Page 20)
of the compound?
(a) 60% and 40% B 73. How many grams of ClaO are required to react with
(b) 40% and 60% B and andO respetively 852 g of P,O,6?
i-) 300 and 70% B O respetively (a) 852 g (b) 1008 g
andO
id) 70o and 30% B and O respetively (c) 85 g (d) 7095 g (Page 20)
L2 A conpound of
respectively (Page 19) 74. What volume of dioxygen is required for complete
magnesium contains 21.9% combustion of 2 volumes of acetylene gas at NTP?
magnesium, 27.8 phosphorus and 50.3% Oxygen. (a) 2 Volumes (b) 5 Volumes
What will be the simplest formula of the (c) 10 Volumes
(a) Mg,P,0 (b) MgPO,
compound? (d) 4 Volumes Page 20)
(c) Mg,P,0, (d) MgP,0, (Page 19, 73what quantity of copper oxide will react with
2.80 L of hydrogen at NTP?
hA A Compound contains two elements 'X and 'Y 20) in (a) 79.5 g
the ratio of 50% cach. Atomic mass of 'X* is 20 (b) 2g
and (c) 9.9g (d) 22.4 g (Page 20)
"y is 40. What can be its simplest formula? 76. At NTP, 1 L of O, reacts with 3 L of
(a) AT (b) X,Y (c) XY, carbon
(d) X,Y, monoxide. What will be the volume of COand
(Page 19, 20) CO, after the reaction?
65. The empirical formula of a compound is (a) 1 L CO, 1 L CO, (b) 2 L CO, 2 L CO,
What could be its molecular formula? CH,0,. (c) 2 L CO, 1L CO, (d) 1L CO, 2 L CO,
(a) C,H,O, (b) C,H04 (Page 20)
(c) C,H,04 (d) CH,O4 (Page 19, 20) 77. Calcium carbonate decomposes on
heating to
give calcium oxide and carbon dioxide.
66. An organic compound contains C = 40%, H = How
13.33% and N = 46.67%. Its empirical formula is much volume of CO, will be obtained by thermal
(a) C,H,N (b) CzH,N decomposition of 50 g of CaCO?
(c) CH,N (a) 1L (b) 11.2 L (c) 44 L (d) 22.4 L
(d) CHN (Page 19, 20)
Choose the molecular formula of an oxide of iron (Page 20)
in which the mass per cent of iron
78. Chlorine gas is prepared by reaction of H,S0, with
and Oxygen are MnO, and NaCl. What volume of Cl, will be produced
69.9 and 30.1 respectively and its molecular mass at STP if 50 g of NaCl is taken in the reaction?
is 160. (a) 1.915 L (b) 22.4 L (c) 11.2 L (d) 9.57 L
(a) FeO (b) Fe,O4 (Page 20)
(c) Fe,O, (d) FeO, (Page 19, 20) 79. HCI is produced in the stomach which can be
68. An organic compound on analysis gave C = 54.2%, neutralised by Mg(OH), in the form of milk of
H= 9.2% by mass. Its empirical formula is magnesia. How much Mg(OH), is required to
(a) CHO, (b) CH,0 neutralise one mole of stomach acid?
(c) CH;O (d) CzH,0 (Page 19, 20) (a) 29.16g (b) 34.3 g
(c) 58.33 g (d) 68.66 g (Page 20)
69. The relative number of atoms of elements, X and 80. Iron can be obtained by reduction of iron oxide
Y in a compound is 0.25 and 0.5. The emnpirical (Fe,O4) with CO according to the reaction:
formula of compound is Fe,O, + 4CO ’3Fe +4C0,
(a) XY (b) X,Y (c) XY, (d) X,Y,
(Page 19, 20) How many kilograms of Fe,O,should be heated
with CO to get 3 kg of iron?
70. Two elements 'P and 'Q' combine to form a (a) 8.12 kg (b) 4.14 kg
Compound. Atomic mass of 'P is 12 and Q' is 16. (c) 6.94 kg (d) 16.8 kg (Page 20)
Percentage of P in the compound is 27.3. What 81. g of Mg is burnt in a closed vessel containing
will be the empirical formula of the compound? 0.5 g of O,. Which reactant is limiting reagent and
(a) P,Q, (b) PQ (c) P,Q (d) PQ2 how much of the excess reactant will be left?
(Page 19, 20)
(a) O, is a limiting reagent and Mg is in excess
L10 Stoichiometry and by 0.25 g.
(b) Mg is a limiting reagent and O, is in excess
Stoichiometric Calculations by 0.5 g.
How much oxygen is required for complete (c) 0, is a limiting reagent and Mg is in excess
Combustion of 560 g of ethene? by 0.05 g.
(a) 6.4 kg (b) 1.92 kg (d) 0, is a limiting reagent and Mg is in excess
(c) 2.8 kg (d) 9.6 kg (Page 20) by 0.75 g. (Page 20, 21)
 14
ips
M.2 My
52. In
100 g of hydrogen
a reaction cotainer,tor
100 g of C, are mixed
thc formation of
much
and
HCI (c) M t
.- M )
+..=
limiting reagent and how M M
gas. What is the
HCis formedin the reaction?
(d) My+...=-M,
and 36.5gof HCis tormed.
(a) H, is limiting reagent and 102.8 gof HClis formed. (Page 23)
(6) C, is limiting reagent and 142 gofHClis formed. 92. The final molarity of a solution made by
() H, is imiting reaget and 73 gof HCI is formed. 50 ml. of 0.5 M HCI, 150 mLL of 0.25 M HCImixing
and
(d) C, is limiting reagent (Page 20, 21) water to make the volume 250 mL is
(a) 0.5 M (b) IM (c) 0.75 M (d) 0.25 M
g of UCI, which
N3. If 40 gof aCO, is treated with 40 reagent? (Page 23)
of the reactants will a t as liniting 93. A solution is made by dissolving 49 g of H,SO:
(b) HCl
(a) CaCO, 250 mL of water. The molarity of the solution
() Both (a) and (b) (d) None of thesc. prepared is
(Page 20, 21)
(a) 2 M (b) IM (c) 4 M (d) 5 M.
solution
N4. The weight of AgCl precipitated when aa solution (Page 23)
containing 5.85 g of NaClis added to0 94. What is the concentration of copper sulphate
containing 3.4 g of AgN0, is (in molL) if 80 g of it is dissolved in enough
(a) 28g (b) 9.25 g (c) 2.87 g (d)(Page
58 2O,
g. 21) water to make a final volume of 3 L?
(a) 0.0167 (b) 0.167 (c) 1.067 (d) 10.67
S5. What is the mass percent of oxygen in ethanol? (Page 23}
(a) 52. 14% (b) 13.13% (c) 16% (d) 34.78% (Page 23) 95. 4.28 g ofNaOH is dissolved in water and the solution
S6. How much mass of sodium acetate is required to is made to 250 cc. What will be the molarity of the
solution?
make 250mL of 0.575 molar aqueous solution? (a) 0.615 mol L-! (b) 0.428 mol L!
(a) 11.79 g (b) 15.38 g (c) 10.81 g (d) 25.35 g (c) 0.99 mol L-l (d)
molL-! 0.301
(Page 23) (Page 23)
87. A solution is prepared by adding 5 g of asolute 'X 96. What volume of 5 M Na,SO, mnust be added to
to 45g of solvent Y. What is the mass per cent of 25 mL of 1M BaCI, to produce 10 g of BaSO,?
the solute X? (b) 7.2 mL
(a) 8.58 mL
(a) 10% (b) 11.1% (c) 90% (d) 75% (d) 12 mL (Page 23)
(Page 23) (c) 10 mL
88. An impure sample of silver (1.5 g) is heated with 97. What will be the molarity of the solution in which
S to form 0.124 g of Ag,S. What was the per cent 0.365 g of HClgas is dissolved in l00mL of solution?
(a) 2 M (b) 0.2 M (c) 1M (d) 0.1 M
yield of Ag,S? (Page 23)
(a) 21.6% (b) 7.2% (c) 1.7% (d) 24.8%
98. Which mode of concentration changes with
89. 2.82 g of glucose is dissolved in 30 g of water. The temperature?
mole fraction of glucose in the solution is (a) Molarity (b) Mole fraction
(a) 0.01 (b) 0.99 (c) Molality (d) All of these (Page 24)
(c) 0.52 (d) 1.66. (Page 23)
99. What will be the molality of the solution made by
90. What volume of water is to be added to l00 cm of dissolving 10 g of NaOH in 100 g of water?
0.5 M NaOH solution to make it 0.1 M solution? (a) 2.5 m (b) 5 m (c) 10 m (d) 1.25 m
(a) 200 cm3 (b) 400 cm³ (Page 24)
(c) 500 cm (d) 100 cm (Page 23) 100.What will be the molality of chloroform in the
91. Molarity equation of amixture of solutions of same water sample which contains 15 ppm chloroform
substance is given by by mass?
(a) 1.25 x 10- m (b) 2.5 x 10-t m
(a) M + V,x M, + V,x M, + V;+... = M+M, + M; (c) 1.5 x 10-3 m (d) 1.25 x 10 m
(b) M, V, + M, V, + M,V, +... = M(V, + V,+ V;) (Page 24)
 Exam Screr
This section includes different categories of questions which are uceful for NEFTLJEE ICUET | Board exams.
statements about a
T Which of the following
NCERT Exemplar Poblems Compound is incorrect?
atoms of
This includes MCQs of NCERT Exemplar Problems' Book (1) A nolecule of a compound has
different elements.
Ameasured tempcrature on Fahrenheit sCale is
1 (b) A compound cannot be separated into its
00°E What willthis reading be on Celsius scale? constituent elements by physical methods of
(a) 40C (b) 94"C () 93.3°C () 30°C
separation.
What will be the molarity of a solution, which (c) A
compound retains the physical properties of
contains 5.85 g of NaCl,, per 500mL? its constituent elements.
(a) 4 mol l (b) 20 mol L (d) "The ratio of atoms of different elements in a
(c) 0.2 mol ! (d) 2 mol L ! compound is fixed.
I 500mlL of a 5M solution is diluted to 1500 mL, 12. Which of the following statements is correct about
what will be the molarity of the solution obtained? the given reaction :4Fe + 3O0) ’ 2Fe,O«g)?
(a) 1.5 M (b) 1.66 M (a) Total mass of iron and oxygen in reactants
(c) 0.017M (d) 1.59 M = total mass of iron and oxygen in product;
The number of atoms present in one mole of an therefore, it follows law of conservation of
mass.
element is equal to Avogadro number. Which of the
following element contains the greatest number of (b) Total mass of reactants = total mass of product;
atoms? therefore, law of multiple proportions is
(a) 4g He (b) 46 g Na followed.
(c) 0.4g Ca (d) 12 g He (c) Amount of Fe,0, can be increased by taking
If the concentration of glucose (C&H0) in blood any one of the reactants (iron or oxygen) in
excess.
is 0.9 g L-, what will be the molarity of glucose in
blood? (d) Amount of Fe,O, produced will decrease if
(a) 5 M (b) 50 M the amount of any one of the reactants (iron
(c) 0.005 M (d) 0.5 M or oxygen) is taken in excess.
13. Which of the following reactions is not correct
6. What will be the molality of thesolution containing
18.25 g of HClgas in 500 g of water? according to the law of conservation of mass?
(a) 0.1m (b) 1M (c) 0.5m (d) lm (a) 2Mgs) + O22) -’ 2MgO)
f. One mole of any substance contains 6.022 x 10
(b) C,Hg) +O20) -’ COg) +H,O@
(c) Pao + 502(0 ’ PO106)
atoms/molecules. Number of molecules of H,SO4 (d) CH¡e) + 202(e) ’CO() + 2H;O)
present in 100 mL of 0.02 M H,SO, solution is
molecules.
(a) 12.044 x 1020
(c) lx1023
(b) 6.022 x 1023
(d) 12.044 x 1023
A8-RCOrner
Directions : In the following questions, astatement of
D What is the mass percent of carbon in carbon assertion is followed by a statement of reason. Mark the
dioxide? correct choice as :
la) 0.0349% (b) 27.27% (c) 3.4% (d) 28.7% (a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is
the correct explanation of assertion.
lhe empirical formula and molecular mass of a (b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is
compound are CH,0 and 180g respectively. What not the correct explanation of assertion.
willbe the molecular formula of the compound? (c) Ifassertion is true but reason is false.
(a) CoHigO9 (b) CH,0
(c) CçHi0% (d) If both assertion and reason are false.
(d) C,H,0,
Tthe density of asolution is 3.12 g mL-', the mass of Assertion : Solids have definite volume and shape.
l.5ml solution in significant figures is Reason : In solids, the constituent particles are very
(a) 4.7 g (b) 4680 x 10 g close to each other and there is not much freedom
(c) 4.680g (d) 46.80 g of movement.
 ive NCERT at your
16
13. which is present
Assertion : The reactant
Fingertips
changes to a in
Assertion:On hcating, a solid usually
formedlargeris
2 amount limits the amount of product
on further heating changes to
liquid and the iquid called limiting reagent.
the gaseous state. Reason : Amount of product formed
Reason: Arrangennent of constituent particles is does
different in solid, liquid and gaseous state. depend upon the amount of reactants taken. not
Assertion : Components of ahonogeneous
mixture 14. Assertion : Molarity of a solution does not
upon temperature whereas molality depends depend
3.
methods.
Cannot be separated by using physical
Reason :Composition of homogeneous mixture Reason : Molarity and molality both depend only
is unitormthroughout as the components react to on the number of moles of solute particles
form a single compound. 15. Assertion : In laboratory, a solution of a desired
4. Assertion : Elenents and compounds are the
concentration is prepared by diluting a stock
examples ot pure substances. solution.
Reason:The properties of acompound are different Reason:Stock solution is the solution of highe.
from those of its constituent elements. concentration.
5. Assertion : The mass of a substance is constant
whereas its weight may vary from one place to
another.
Reason : Mass of a substance is the amount of
Case Based Questions
matter present in itwhile weight is the force exerted Read the given passages and answer the following
questions.
by gravity on an object.
6
Assertion : Temperature below 0 °C are possible Law of conservation of mass : This law was put
in Celsius scale but in Kelvin scale, negative forth by Antoine Lavoisier in 1789. It states that,
temperature is not possible. "The total mass of matter in any chemical or physical
Reason:The Kelvin scale is related to Celsius scale change remains constant though the matter may
as follows : K=°C- 273.15 change its form."
7. Assertion :Scientific notation for the number 100 is Law of definite proportions or law of constant
expressed as 1 × 10. composition : This law was stated by Joseph Proust.
Reason: The number 1 x 10 has two significant In its original form this law states that,
figures. "A chemical compound always consists of the same
8. Assertion: Matter can neither be created nor destroyed. elements combined together iin the same ratio,
Reason:This is law of definite proportions. irrespective of the method of preparation or the
source from where it is taken"
9. Assertion : 12 parts by mass of carbon in CO and Law of multiple proportions : This law was
CO, molecules combine with 16 and 32 parts by enunciated by Dalton in 1803. This law applies
mass of oxygen. to the situations where one element combines
Reason:A given compound always contains exactly
the same proportion of elements by weight. with another to give more than one compound of
10. Assertion : One atomic mass unit is defined as one
different stoichiometry.
twelfth of the mass of one carbon-12 atom.
This law states that, "Whentwo elements combine
to formn two or more compounds, then the different
Reason : Carbon-12 isotope is the nost abundant masses of one element which combine with a
isotope of carbon and has been chosen as standard. fixed mass of the other, bear a simple ratio to one
11. Assertion: One mole of asubstance always contain another."
the same number of entities, no matter what the Which of the following is the best example of law
substance may be. of conservation of mass?
Reason : One mole is the amount of a substance
that contains as many particles or entities as there
(a) 12 g of carbon combines with 32 g of oxygen
are atoms in exactly 12g of the Cisotope. to form 44 g of CO,.
(b) When 12g of carbon is heated in a vacuum
12. Assertion : Molecular formula shows the exact there is no change in mass.
number of different types of atomns present in a (c) A sample of air increases in volume
when
molecule of a compound. obtained
heated at constant pressure but its mass
Reason : Molecular formula can be remains unaltered.
directly from empirical formula which represents (d) The weight of a piece of platinum is the same
the simplest whole number ratio of various atoms before and after heating in air.
present in a compound.
 Chemistry | Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry 17
Which one of the
illustrates the law oftollowing pairs of compounds
multiple proportions? 7. 112.0 mL. of NO, at STP was liquefied, the density of
(a) H,0, Na,O (b) Mg0, Na,) the liquid being 1.15 g mL'. Calculate the volume
(c) Na,0, Ba) and the number of molecules in the liquid NO,.
(d) SnC,, SnCl,
(a) 0.10 mL and 3.01 x 1022
3. 20.0 kg of N) and 3.0 kg of H) are mixed (b) 0.20mL and 3.01 x 102
produce NH) The amount of NHaiob formed is to (c) 0.20m, and 6.02 x 1023
(a) 17 kg (b) 34 kg (c) 20 kg (d) (d) 0.40 mL and 6.02 x 10
3 kg.
4. Hvdrogen combines with oxygen to form H,O in 8
Which one of the following is the heaviest?
which l6 gof oxygen combine with 2g of hydrogen. (a) 25 g mercury
Hydrogen also combines with carbon to form (b) 2 mol carbon dioxide
in which 2gof hydrogen combine with 6 CH, g of
(c) 2 mol water
carbon. If carbon and oxygen combine together, (d) 3.012 x 102 molecules of oxygen
then they willdo so in the ratio of 9 In the reaction,
(a) 6: 16 (b) 6: 18 (c) 1:2 4NH) t 50(0 ’
when 1mole of ammonia4NOg)
(d) 24: 12. +6H,0g)
If 1.5 moles ot oxygen combine with Al to form and 1mole of oxygen are
made to react to completion,
Al,0:, the mass of Al in g atomic mass of Al= 27| (a) 1.0 mole of H,O
used in the reaction is
is produced
(b) l.0 mole of NO will be
(a) 2.7 (b) 54 (c) 40.5 produced
(c) all the oxygen will be consumed
(d) 81.
Reactants react in accordance with the stoichiometry (d) all the ammonia will be
consumed.
indicated by the balanced chemical equation. Quite 10. For a reaction, N2g) + 3H2) ’ 2NH(g):
often, the reacting substances are not present identify dihydrogen (H) as a limiting reagent in the
in following reaction mixtures.
exactly the same proportions as required by the
balanced chemical equation. Some reactants may be (a) 28 g of N, + 6 gof H,
present in lesser amounts, while some other may be (b) 14gof N, +4g of H,
present in amounts greater than the stoichiometric (c) 56 g of N, + 10g of H,
amounts. The reacting substance which gets used (d) 35 g of N, + 8gof H,
up first in the reaction is called the limiting
reagent.
Apart of the other reactants which are
amounts greater than the stoichiometric amounts
present in Numerical Value Type(Questions
is left behind as unconsumed Answer the following questions as integer or numerical
reagents. value.
"The mole is a concept of quantity in terms of
number and mass, which relates the mass of a 1. If 600 mL of a mixture of O, and O,
weighs
lg at STP then the volume of ozone (in L) in the
material to the number of atoms, ions or molecules
in it." mixture, is
The mole, as per definition accepted internationally, 2. The no. of moles of HCI that will be
present in
is defined as The mole is the amount of a substance 100 mL of a solution of specific gravity 1.08
which contains the same number of chemical units containing 20% HCI by mass is
(atoms, molecules or ions) as there are atomns in exactly 3. A metal weighing 0.43 g was dissolved in 50 mL
12 grams of purecarbon-12." of 1 N H,SO4. The unreacted H,S0, required
14.2 mL of 1N NaOH for neutralization. The
12 g of carbon-12 is found to contain 6.022x 1023
atoms of carbon-12. Thus, a mole represents a equivalent weight of the metal is
collection of 6.022 x 102 chemical units and the 4 Chlorine is prepared in laboratory by treating
number is called the Avogadro's number. manganese dioxide (MnO,) with aq. hydrochloric
acid according to the reaction:
6. 20 mL of acetic acid reacts with 20 mL of ethyl 4HCl4g) +MnO24) ’ 2H,O, +MnCl44) +Clg)
alcohol to form ethyl acetate. The density of acid The amount of HCI (in g) reacts with 5.0 g of
and alcohol are l g/mL and 0.7 g/mL respectively. manganese dioxide is
Ihe limiting reagent in this reaction is (Atomic mass of Mn = 55 u, O = 16 u, H =l u,
(a) acetic acid Cl= 35.5 u)
(b) ethyl alcohol 5. If 1.0 g of magnesium is burnt in a closed container
(c) acetic acid and ethyl alcohol which contains 0.6g of oxygen, then the mass of the
(d) ester. excess reactant (ing) will be