EXPLORING
COUNTRIES
AND
CONTINENTS
Geography
CAALAM, CHANTELLE MAE T.
BSED SST 3.2
LEARNING
OBJECTIVES
Identify the 7 continents and
major countries in each
Understand how to use a
map, globe, textbook, and
graph as learning tools
Compare countries based on
population, land area, and
location
. 2
INTRODUCTION
The Earth is divided into 7
continents. Each one is made up
of different countries with their
own cultures, geography, and
people. Understanding where
countries are helps us
understand the world better.
.
3
USE OF MAPS
Maps help us see
BEGIN BY SHOWING A LARGE WORLD MAP IN FRONT OF
where countries
THE CLASS. and continents
EXPLAIN THE COMPASS ROSE (N, S, E, W) AND HOW TO are located. They
READ THE LEGEND.
POINT TO EACH OF THE 7 CONTINENTS AND ASK show borders,
STUDENTS TO REPEAT THEIR NAMES. capital cities,
LET STUDENTS COME UP AND POINT TO A COUNTRY OF
THEIR CHOICE. oceans, and
directions.
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CARDINAL DIRECTIONS
Used to describe the direction of a location in
relation to the other locations around it.
North N Can you think of a
phrase to help you
NW NE
remember the
West W E East order of cardinal
directions?
SW SE
South S
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MAP
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USE OF GLOBES
Show the globe and
A globe is a model demonstrate how Earth rotates.
of the Earth. Unlike Explain the equator, prime
flat maps, it shows meridian, and hemispheres.
the planet's true Let students take turns spinning
the globe and locating a random
shape, with
country.
accurate distances Use the globe to compare the
and directions. size and position of continents.
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USE OF TEXTBOOKS
Assign one country per student (or small
groups) to read about in the textbook.
Textbooks give us Guide students to identify: Capital city,
detailed information Flag, Language, and one interesting fact.
about countries—such Have students share their country info
as language, population, with the class.
landmarks, and Provide a worksheet where they fill in
government. blanks using the textbook as a guide.
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USE OF GRAPHS
Show a simple bar graph comparing
Graphs help us the population of each continent.
Ask questions like: “Which continent
compare and
has the highest population?” “Which
visualize
one has the lowest?”
information. A bar
Let students create their own pie or
graph can show
bar graph using data (e.g., favorite
how many people
continents or countries in class).
live on each Explain terms like x-axis, y-axis, and
continent data labels.
Reinforce math and geography skills
by interpreting the graph together.
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MAP READING TIPS
1 Use the compass to know which direction
you are facing: Hold it flat on the palm of
your hand, and align the needle's magnetic
arrow to the cardinal direction North.
2 When using a map, place it on a flat surface
and place the compass on the map.
3 Use the cardinal directions, latitude,
and longitude to determine your
exact location on a map.
ASSESSMENT
Short quiz: Label 7
continents on a map
Reflection: Ask students
what they learned using
each material
Graph Interpretation:
Answer 2–3 questions
about the population graph
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CONCLUSION
Maps and globes helps us see where countries and
continents are located. Textbooks provide important
facts about each place, while graphs make it easier
to compare information like population or size. Using
these tools together makes learning about the world
more interesting and easier to understand.
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THANK YOU!
Let's have a wonderful discussion
about Map Scales in our next session.
