yor Village Level): a. This is the lowest tier of the Panchayati Ray system, Which governs the village or group of villages. b.L+ consists of elected representatives, heade by a Sarpanch (elected head of the village). c. The Gram Panchayat is responsible for managin, the affairs of the village, including thent Officer (G00), and its role includes implementing development schemes, coordinating activities, and planning at the block level. 3.Zila Parishad (istrict Level): a. This is the highest tier of Panchayati 2a) and covers the entire district. b.L+ consists of elected representatives from different blocks, headed by aQvestion-2 J Self-Help Groups (SHGs) are small, voluntary associations of people, usvally at the grassroots level, who come together to improve their economi conditions through mutual help, cooperation, and savings. They primarily consist of Women from rura and low-income backgrounds. Role of Self-Helpit, SHGQs help improve the financial independence of Women and their families. 3. Capacity Building: SHGs offer training programs in various skills such as agriculture, handicrafts, tailoring, etc.) which enhance the employability and income-generatine potential of their members. 4. Socialof government schemes at the village level. G.Linkage with Formal Financial Institutions: SHGis are often linked to banks (such as through the SHG-Gank Linkage Program) to get access ti larger financial resources, enabling further development of their members.jer ystem: The Act institutionalized a three-tier structure for Panchayati Raj: Gram Panchayat (village level Panchayat Samiti (block level), and Zila Parishad (district level). 2.Direct Elections: The Act mandated direct elections at each tier, ensuring greater participation of the people in ttof schemes related +o economic development, social justice, and public welfare. S. Finance and Resource Allocation: It mandated the setting up of State Finance Commissions to ensure the allocation of adequate funds to Panchayati 2a) Institutions. 6.Role of Stateional Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development) and Regional Rural Banks (226s) plc a significant role in the financial development of rural areas in India. A.NAGARD's Role: |. Financial Assistance: NABARD provides financial assistance to agriculture, rural development, and allied sectors.ividvals, helping them improve their financial management and skillsets. 4.Refinancing Agency: NAGARD acts as a refinancing agency, offering financial support to commercial banks and cooperative banks for lending to the rural sector. 6 Regional Qural Banks’ural Entrepreneurship: 2285 support reral entrepreneurs with working capital, equipment loans, and finance for agricultural projects. 4. Social Development: RRBs also contribute to the social development of rural areas by offering financial products designe to improve the living standards of people, such asmpowerment: NGOs work to empower marginalized communities | promoting their rights and giving them a voice in local governance. They work on issves like gender equality, education, and healthcare. 2.Education and Skill Development: NGOs provide education and vocational training + rural youth and women, enhancing their skills and} 7 introducing new technologies to enhance productivity. S.Livelihood Enhancement: NGOs support rural communities by promoting self- employment, establishing selt-help groups (SHGs), and providing micro-finance to help people start small businesses. 6. EnvironmentalIn conclusion, NGOs help bridge the gap between government efforts and the community's needs, ensuring that rural development programs are more inclusive, effective, and community-driven.