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MODBUS Communication White Paper

The white paper discusses the MODBUS protocol, a widely used communication method in SCADA systems and industrial automation, supporting both serial and TCP/IP communication. It outlines the communication process, common issues faced, troubleshooting steps, and diagnostic tools available for effective MODBUS communication. The conclusion emphasizes the reliability of MODBUS when properly configured and diagnosed.

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Akash
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86 views3 pages

MODBUS Communication White Paper

The white paper discusses the MODBUS protocol, a widely used communication method in SCADA systems and industrial automation, supporting both serial and TCP/IP communication. It outlines the communication process, common issues faced, troubleshooting steps, and diagnostic tools available for effective MODBUS communication. The conclusion emphasizes the reliability of MODBUS when properly configured and diagnosed.

Uploaded by

Akash
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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White Paper on MODBUS Protocol Communication

1. Introduction to MODBUS Communication

MODBUS is an open, widely used serial communication protocol originally published by Modicon

(now Schneider Electric) in 1979. It is used in SCADA systems and industrial automation for

connecting electronic devices. It supports communication between devices over serial lines

(MODBUS RTU/ASCII) and TCP/IP networks (MODBUS TCP).

2. How to Communicate Using MODBUS

MODBUS supports RTU, ASCII, and TCP communication. It operates on a master-slave

architecture. In RTU mode, communication is binary and uses a frame structure with address,

function code, data, and CRC.

Steps:

1. Configure baud rate, parity, data bits, and stop bits.

2. Set slave address.

3. Use MODBUS master to poll data.

4. Slave responds.

3. Issues Faced During Communication

- Wrong serial parameters

- Incorrect slave address

- Unsupported function codes

- Electrical noise

- Grounding issues

- Framing errors

Exception Codes:
01 - Illegal Function

02 - Illegal Data Address

03 - Illegal Data Value

04 - Slave Device Failure

4. Troubleshooting MODBUS Communication

1. Check physical layer: RS485 cabling, termination resistors.

2. Verify serial settings.

3. Use known working setup.

4. Use diagnostic tools.

5. Check response times.

6. Check for address conflicts.

7. Perform loopback test.

5. Diagnostics Using Tools

Software Tools:

- ModScan

- Modbus Poll

- CAS Modbus Scanner

- Wireshark with MODBUS dissector

- QModMaster

Hardware Tools:

- USB-to-RS485 Adapter

- Protocol Analyzer

- Serial Tester (LEDs)

6. Conclusion
MODBUS is reliable and easy to implement. Proper configuration and diagnostic tools can improve

reliability and reduce downtime.

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