REPUBLIC OF KENYA

OCCUPATIONAL STANDARDS

FOR

SOFTWARE DEVELOPER

KNQF LEVEL 5

PROGRAMME CODE: 0613 444A

 COPYRIGHT ©2025

All rights reserved. No part of this Occupational Standards may be reproduced, distributed,
or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other
electronic or mechanical methods without the prior written permission of …… except in the
case of brief quotations embodied in critical reviews and certain other non-commercial uses
permitted by copyright law. For permission requests, write to the Council
Secretary/CEO/Chief Principal .at the address below:

2
 FOREWORD

Provision of quality education and training is fundamental to the Government’s overall

strategy for socio-economic development. Quality education and training contribute to
achievement focused on Kenya’s development blueprint and sustainable development goals.

Reforms in the education and training sector are necessary for achievement of Kenya Vision
2030 and meeting the provisions the Constitution of Kenya. The education sector had to be
aligned to the Constitution and this resulted in formulation of the Policy Framework for
Reforming Education and Training (Sessional Paper No. 1 of 2019). A key feature of this
policy is the change in the design and delivery of TVET training. The reforms include
making TVET competency-based, developing the Occupational Standards in collaboration
with industry, certifying learners based on demonstrated competence, and allowing multiple
entry and exit points in TVET programmes.

These reforms emphasize the role of industry as key collaborators in Occupational Standards
development to ensure it aligns with their competence needs. It is against this background
that this Occupational Standards has been developed.

It is my conviction that this Occupational Standards will play a great role towards
development of competent human resource for the ICT sector’s growth and sustainable
development.

3
 PREFACE

Kenya Vision 2030 aims to transform the country into a newly industrializing, middle-
income country providing high quality life to all its citizens by the year 2030. Kenya intends
to create a globally competitive and adaptive human resource base to meet requirements of a
rapidly industrializing economy through life-long education and training. TVET has a
responsibility of facilitating the process of inculcating knowledge, skills and worker
behaviour necessary for catapulting the nation to a globally competitive country, hence the
paradigm shift to embrace Competency Based Education and Training (CBET).

The Technical and Vocational Education and Training Act No. 29 of 2013 and the Sessional
Paper No. 1 of 2019 on Reforming Education and Training in Kenya, emphasized the need to
reform curriculum development, assessment and certification. This called for a shift to CBET
to address the mismatch between skills acquired through training and skills needed by
industry as well as increase the global competitiveness of Kenyan labour force.

This curriculum has been developed in adherence to the Kenya National Qualification
Framework and CBETA standards and guidelines. The curriculum is designed and organized
into Units of Learning with Learning Outcomes; suggested delivery methods,
training/learning resources and methods of assessing the trainee’s achievement. The
curriculum is competency-based and allows multiple entry and exit to the course.

I am grateful to the Council Members, Council Secretariat, …….. NSSC, expert workers and
all those who participated in the development of this curriculum.

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This Occupational Standards has been designed for competency-based training and has
independent units of learning that allow the trainee flexibility in entry and exit. In developing
the occupational standards, significant involvement and support was received from industry
and various organizations.

I appreciate National ICT Sector Skills Committee who enabled the development of this
curriculum. I recognize with appreciation the role of the SSC in ensuring that competencies
required by the industry are addressed in this occupational standards.

I also thank all stakeholders in the ICT sector for their valuable input and all those who
participated in the process of developing this occupational standards.

I am convinced that this occupational standards will go a long way in ensuring that workers
in ICT sector will acquire competencies that will enable them perform their work more
efficiently.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD..........................................................................................................................iii

PREFACE................................................................................................................................iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.......................................................................................................v

TABLE OF CONTENTS.......................................................................................................vi

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS..............................................................................vii

KEY TO UNIT CODE.........................................................................................................viii

OCCUPATIONAL STANDARDS OVERVIEW.................................................................ix

BASIC UNITS OF COMPETENCY......................................................................................1

APPLY ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS.................................................................................2

APPLY WORK ETHICS AND PRACTICES........................................................................12
COMMON UNITS OF COMPETENCY............................................................................21

APPLY COMPUTER APPLICATIONS................................................................................22

APPLY DISCRETE MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS..........................................................27
APPLY PROJECT MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES.............................................................33
APPLY STRUCTURED PROGRAMMING..........................................................................37
CORE UNITS OF COMPETENCY....................................................................................41

ESTABLISH SOFTWARE SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS.....................................................42

OFFER APPLICATION END-USER SUPPORT..................................................................46
MANAGE COMPUTERISED DATABASE SYSTEM.........................................................51
CREATE WEB APPLICATION.............................................................................................58

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 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol
ICT Information Communication Technology
KNQF Kenya National Qualification Framework
TVET Technical and Vocational Education and Training
QAI Qualification Awarding Institution
ISCED International Standard Classification of Education

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 KEY TO UNIT CODE

XX X X XXX X X

Version Control
Sector/Industry
Unit of Competence
Sub Sector Number

ISCED level,
Occupational Programme Orientation
Area and Level of
Completion

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 OCCUPATIONAL STANDARDS OVERVIEW
This Software Developer level 5 Occupational Standard consists of competencies that a
person must achieve to enable him/her to carry out software development. A person with this
qualification would carry out the following responsibilities; establishing software system
requirements, managing database systems, offering application end-user support, and creating
web applications ensuring their readiness for the dynamic ICT sector.

These responsibilities comprise the units of competency of a software developer certificate

level 6 which include the following basic, common and core competencies:

SUMMARY OF UNITS OF COMPETENCY

UNIT CODE UNIT NAME

BASIC UNITS OF COMPETENCY
0413 441 01A APPLY ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS
0417 441 02A APPLY WORK ETHICS AND PRACTICES
COMMON UNITS OF COMPETENCY
0611 441 03A APPLY COMPUTER APPLICATIONS
0541 451 04A DISCRETE MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS
0688 451 05A APPLY PROJECT MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES
0613 451 06A APPLY STRUCTURED PROGRAMMING
CORE UNITS OF COMPETENCY
0611 451 07A ESTABLISH SOFTWARE SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
0611 451 08A OFFER APPLICATION END-USER SUPPORT

0612 451 09A MANAGE COMPUTERIZED DATABASE SYSTEMS

0613 451 10A CREATE WEB APPLICATION
INDUSTRY TRAINING

9
BASIC UNITS OF COMPETENCY

1
 APPLY ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS

UNIT CODE: 0413 441 01A

UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit covers the competencies required to apply entrepreneurial skills. It involves
demonstrating an understanding of financial literacy, applying entrepreneurial concepts
identifying entrepreneurship opportunities, applying business legal aspects, developing
business innovative strategies, and developing business plans.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

These describe the key outcomes that make These are assessable statements that specify
up workplace function. the required level of performance for each
of the elements.
Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in
Range

1. Apply Financial Literacy Skills 1.1 Sources of personal and business

funds are identified as per financial
procedures and standards

1.2 Personal finances are managed as per

financial procedures and standards

1.3 Savings are managed as per financial

procedures and standards

1.4 Debts are managed as per financial

procedures and standards

1.5 Investments are undertaken as per

financial procedures and standards

1.6 Insurance services are procured as per

financial procedures and standards

2
ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key outcomes that make These are assessable statements that specify
Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in
2. Apply entrepreneurial concept 2.1 Entrepreneurs and Business persons are
distinguished as per principles of
entrepreneurship

2.2 Types of entrepreneurs are identified as

per principles of entrepreneurship

2.3 Ways of becoming an entrepreneur are

identified as per principles of
Entrepreneurship

2.4 Characteristics of Entrepreneurs are

identified as per principles of
Entrepreneurship

2.5 Salaried employment and self-

employment are distinguished as per
principles of entrepreneurship

2.6 Requirements for entry into self-

employment are identified according to
business procedures and standards

2.7 Roles of an Entrepreneur in an

enterprise are determined according to
business procedures and standards

2.8 Contributions of entrepreneurship to

National development are identified as
per business procedures and standards

3. Identify entrepreneurial opportunities 3.1 Business ideas are identified as per

3
ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key outcomes that make These are assessable statements that specify
up workplace function. the required
Bold level ofterms
and italicized performance for eachin
are elaborated
business procedures and standards

3.2 Factors to consider when evaluating

business opportunity viability are
explored based on business procedure
and standards

3.3 Entrepreneurial opportunities are

evaluated as per business procedures
and standards

3.4 Business ideas and opportunities are

generated as per business procedures
and standards

3.5 Business life cycle is analyzed as per

business procedures and standards

4. Apply business legal aspects 4.1 Forms of business ownership are

identified as per legal procedures and
practices

4.2 Business Registration and Licensing

processes are identified as per legal
procedures and practices

4.3 Types of Contracts and Agreements are

analyzed as per legal procedures and
practices

4.4 Employment Laws are identified as per

legal procedures and practices

4
ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key outcomes that make These are assessable statements that specify
up workplace function. Bold and italicized
the required level ofterms are elaborated
performance for eachin
4.5 Taxation laws are identified as per legal
procedures and practices

5. Innovate Business strategies 5.1 Business innovation strategies are

determined by the organization
standards

5.2 Creativity in business development is

demonstrated in accordance with
business standards

5.3 Innovative business standards are

developed as per business principles

5.4 Linkages with other entrepreneurs are

created as per best practice

5.5 ICT is incorporated in business growth

and development as per best practice

6. Develop Business Plan 6.1 Business idea is described as per

business procedures and standards

6.2 Business description is developed as

per business plan format

6.3 Marketing plan is developed as per

business plan format

6.4 Organizational/Management plan is

prepared in accordance with business
plan format

6.5 Production/operation plan is prepared

5
ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key outcomes that make These are italicized
Bold and assessableterms
statements that specify
are elaborated in
in accordance with business plan
format

6.6 Financial plan is prepared in

accordance with the business plan
format

6.7 Executive summary is prepared in

accordance with business plan format

6.8 Business plan is presented as per best

practice

6.9 Business ideas are incubated as per

institutional policy.

RANGE

This section provides work environment and conditions to which the performance criteria
apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect performance.

Variable Range

1. Sources of personal funds ● Salary/Wages

may include but not limited ● Investments
to: ● Savings
● Inheritance
● Government Benefits

2. Sources of business finance ● Equity Financing

may include but not limited ● Debt Financing,
to: ● Personal Savings/Investment

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Variable Range

● Retained Earnings
● Grants and Subsidies
● Crowdfunding
● supplier Credit:
● Leasing and Asset Financing:

3. Types of entrepreneurs may ● Innovators

include but not limited to: ● Imitators
● Craft
● Opportunistic
● Speculators

4. Characteristics of ● Creative
Entrepreneurs may include ● Innovative
but not limited to: ● Planner
● Risk taker
● Networker
● Confident
● Flexible
● Persistent
● Patient
● Independent
● Future oriented
● Goal oriented

5. Requirements for entry into ● Technical skills

self-employment may ● Management skills
include but not limited to ● Entrepreneurial skills
● Resources
● Infrastructure

6. Forms of businesses ● Sole proprietorship

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 Variable Range

ownership may include but ● Partnership

not limited to: ● Limited companies
● Cooperatives

7. Innovative business ● New products

standards may include but ● New methods of production
not limited to: ● New markets
● New sources of supplies
● Change in industrialization

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required Skills

The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:

● Analytical
● Management
● Problem-solving
● Root-cause analysis
● Communication

Required Knowledge

The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:

● Decision making
● Business communication
● Change management
● Competition
● Risk
● Net working
● Time management

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 ● Leadership
● Factors affecting entrepreneurship development
● Principles of Entrepreneurship
● Features and benefits of common operational practices, e. g., continuous improvement
(kaizen), waste elimination,
● Conflict resolution
● Health, safety and environment (HSE) principles and requirements
● Customer care standards
● Basic financial management
● Business strategic planning
● Impact of change on individuals, groups and industries
● Government and regulatory processes
● Local and international market trends
● Product promotion standards
● Market and feasibility studies
● Government and regulatory processes
● Local and international business environment
● Relevant developments in other industries
● Regional/ County business expansion standards

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.
1. Critical Aspects of Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:
Competency 1.1 Identified Sources of personal and business
finance as per financial procedures and standards
1.2 Managed Personal finances as per financial
procedures and standards
1.3 Made Investment decisions as per financial
procedures and standards
1.4 Generated Business ideas and opportunities based
on business procedure and standards
1.5 Analyzed business life cycle based on business

9
 procedure and standards
1.6 Determined business innovative standards as per
business principles
1.7 Developed and presented a business plan as per
regulatory framework.
2. Resource Implications The following resources should be provided:
2.1 Access to relevant workplace where assessment can
take place
2.2 Appropriately simulated environment where
assessment can take place
3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.1 Written tests
3.2 Oral questions
3.3 Third party report
3.4 Interviews
3.5 Portfolio
4. Context of Assessment Competency may be assessed:
4.1 On-the-job
4.2 In a simulated work environment
5. Guidance information Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the
for assessment industry sector, workplace and job role is recommended.

10
 APPLY WORK ETHICS AND PRACTICES

UNIT CODE: 0417 441 02A

UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit covers competencies required to effectively apply work ethics and practices. It
involves the ability to: conduct self-management, promote ethical work practices and values,
promote teamwork, manage workplace conflicts, maintain professional and personal
development, apply problem-solving and promote customer care.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

These describe the key outcomes These are assessable statements which specify the
which make up workplace function. required level of performance for each of the
elements.

Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in

Range

1. Apply self-management skills 1.1 Personal vision, mission and goals are
formulated based on potential and
concerning organization objectives and
strategic plan
1.2 Self-esteem and a positive self-image are
developed and maintained based on value

1.3 Emotional intelligence and stress

management are demonstrated as per
workplace requirements.
1.4 Assertiveness is developed and maintained
based on the requirements of the job.

1.5 Accountability and responsibility for one's

actions are demonstrated based on

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ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

These describe the key outcomes These are assessable statements which specify the
which make up workplace function. required level of performance for each of the
elements.

workplace instructions.
1.6 Time management, attendance and
punctuality are observed as per the
organization’s policy.
1.7 Personal goals are managed as per the
organization’s objective
1.8 Self-strengths and weaknesses are identified
based on personal objectives

1.9 Motivation, initiative and proactivity are

utilized as per the organization policy

1.10 Individual performance is evaluated and

monitored according to the agreed targets.

2. Promote ethical work practices 2.1 Integrity is demonstrated as per acceptable

and values norms
2.2 Codes of conduct is applied as per the
workplace requirements
2.3 Policies and guidelines are observed as per the
workplace requirements

2.4 Professionalism is exercised in line with

organizational policies

3. Promote Team work 1.1 Teams are formed to enhance productivity

based on organization’s objectives

1.2 Duties are assigned to teams under the

organization policy.

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ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

These describe the key outcomes These are assessable statements which specify the
which make up workplace function. required level of performance for each of the
elements.

1.3 Team activities are managed and coordinated

as per set objectives.
1.4 Team performance is evaluated based on set
targets as per workplace policy.
1.5 Conflicts are resolved between team members
in line with organization policy.
1.6 Gender and diversity-related issues are
identified and mainstreamed in accordance
with workplace policy.
1.7 Healthy relationships are developed and
maintained in line with the workplace.
1.8 Adaptability and flexibility are applied in
dealing with team members as per workplace
policies
4. Maintain professional and personal 4.1 Personal growth and development needs are
development identified and assessed in line with the
requirements of the job.
4.2 Training and career opportunities are
identified and utilized based on job
requirements.
4.3 Resources for training are mobilized and
allocated based on organizations and
individual skills needs.

4.4 Licenses and certifications relevant to the job

and career are obtained and renewed as per
policy.

13
ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

These describe the key outcomes These are assessable statements which specify the
which make up workplace function. required level of performance for each of the
elements.

4.5 Recognitions are sought as proof of career

advancement in line with professional
requirements.
4.6 Work priorities and personal commitments are
balanced and managed based on the
requirements of the job and personal
objectives.
4.7 Dynamism and on-the-job learning are
embraced in line with the organization’s goals
and objectives.

5. Apply Problem solving skills 5.1 Creative, innovative and practical solutions
are developed based on the problem
5.2 Independence and initiative in identifying and
solving problems are demonstrated based on
the requirements of the job.

5.3 Team problems are solved as per the

workplace guidelines

5.4 Problem-solving strategies are applied as per

the workplace guidelines
5.5 Problems are analysed and assumptions tested
as per the context of data and circumstances

6. Promote Customer Care 5.6 Customers' needs are identified based on their
characteristics
5.7 Customer feedback is allowed and

14
ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

These describe the key outcomes These are assessable statements which specify the
which make up workplace function. required level in
of line
performance for each of the
5.8 facilitated with organization policies.

5.9 Customer concerns and complaints are

analyzed and resolved in line with the set
organizational culture.
5.10 Proactive customer outreach programs are
implemented as per organizational policies

5.11 Customer retention strategies are

developed and implemented in line with the
organizational policy

RANGE
This section provides work environment and conditions to which the performance criteria
apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect performance.

Variable Range

1. Feedback may include but not ● Verbal

limited to: ● Written
● Informal
● Formal
2. Conflicts include but are not ● Interpersonal Conflict.
limited to: ● Intrapersonal Conflict.
● Intergroup Conflict.
● Intragroup Conflict.
3. Relationships may include but ● Man/Woman
not limited to: ● Trainer/trainee
● Employee/employer
● Client/service provider
● Husband/wife

15
Variable Range

● Boy/girl
● Parent/child
● Sibling relationships
4. Team may include but not ● Small work group
limited to: ● Staff in a section/department
● Inter-agency group
● Virtual teams
5. Personal growth may include ● Growth in the job
but not limited to: ● Career mobility
● Gains and exposure the job gives
● Net workings
● Benefits that accrue to the individual as a result
of noteworthy performance
6. Personal objectives may ● Long term
include but not limited to: ● Short term
● Broad
● Specific
7. Trainings and career ● Participation in training programs
opportunities may include but ● Serving as Resource Persons in conferences
not limited to and workshops
● Capacity building
8. Resource may include may ● Human
but not limited to: ● Financial
● Technology
9. Creative and innovative may ● New ideas
include but not limited to: ● Original ideas
● Different ideas
● Methods/procedures
● Processes
● New tools
10. Emerging issues may include ● Artificial Intelligence
but not limited to:

16
Variable Range

● Data confidentiality
● National cohesion
● Open offices

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required Skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
● Active listening
● Critical thinking
● Organizational
● Negotiation
● Monitoring
● Evaluation
● Problem solving
● Decision Making
● Leadership
● Creative/innovative thinking
● Adaptability
● Conflict management
● Emotional intelligence
● Teamwork

Required Knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
● Work values and ethics
● Company policies and procedures
● Company operations, procedures and standards
● Flexibility and adaptability
● Concept of time and leisure time
● Decision making

17
 ● Work planning
● Organizing work
● Monitoring and evaluation
● Record keeping
● Gender and diversity mainstreaming
● Drug and substance abuse
● Professional growth and development
● creativity
● Innovation
● problem solving
● customer care
● mentoring and coaching.
● Emerging issues

EVIDENCE GUIDE

This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. Critical aspects Assessment require evidence that the candidate:

of Competency 1.1 Applied self-management skills as per organizational procedures.
1.2 Promoted ethical practices and values as per organizational
procedures.
1.3 Promoted Teamwork as per workplace assignments.
1.4 Maintained professional and personal development as per
organizational procedures.
1.5 Applied Problem-solving skills based on work requirements.
1.6 Identified customer needs based on their characteristics.
1.7 Gave back Customer feedback in line with organization policies.
2. Resource The following resources should be provided:
Implications 2.1 Access to relevant workplace where assessment can take
place
2.2 Appropriately simulated environment where assessment can
take place.

18
 2.3 Resources relevant to the proposed activity or tasks.

3. Methods of Competency in this unit may be assessed through:

Assessment 3.1 Observation
3.2 Oral questioning
3.3 Written test
3.4 Portfolio of Evidence
3.5 Interview
3.6 Third party report
4. Context of Competency may be assessed:
Assessment 4.1 On-the-job
4.2 In a simulated work environment
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry sector,
information workplace and job role is recommended.
for
assessment

19
COMMON UNITS OF COMPETENCY

20
 APPLY COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

UNIT CODE: 0611 441 03A

UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit covers the competencies in applying computer applications. It involves the ability
to: perform word processing, operate spreadsheet program, prepare PowerPoint presentation,
perform document production and manage online resources.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key outcomes which These are assessable statements which
make up workplace function specify the required level of performance for
each of the elements.
Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in
the Range

1. Perform word processing 1.1 Ergonomics risk factors observed as per

work place procedures

1.2 Word document is created as per work

requirements
1.3 Tables are created and manipulated as
per work requirements
1.4 Mail merging is performed as per work
requirements
1.5 Word processing Objects are inserted as
per user requirements
1.6 List of figures and table of content are
generated as per user requirements
2. Operate spreadsheet programs 2.1 Spreadsheet workbook is created as per
work requirements
2.2 Cell referencing is performed as per task
requirements
2.3 Formula and functions are applied as per
work requirements
2.4 Charts are generated as per work

21
 requirements
3. Prepare Power point presentation 3.1 Power-point slides are created as per
work requirements
3.2 Presentation views are exhibited as per
work requirements
3.3 Animations and transitions are performed
as per work requirements
3.4 Slideshow is Presented as per work
requirements
4. Perform document production 4.1 Document is printed as per user
specifications
4.2 Documents are scanned as per user
specifications
4.3 Documents are duplicated as per user
specifications
5. Manage online Resources 5.1 Online file transfer is performed as per
work requirements
5.2 Online document processing is
performed as per work
requirements
5.3 Online collaboration is performed as per
task requirements

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance criteria
apply. It allows for different work environments and situations that will affect performance.
Variable Range
1. Word Processing  Picture
Objects may include but
 Shapes
are not limited to:
 Table
 Charts
2. Functions may include  Sum
but are not limited to:

22
  Count
 Average
 Max
 Min
 Rank
3. Presentation views may These are the methods used to show the presentation to the
include but are not audience.
limited to:
 Outline
 Normal
 Slide sorter
 Notes page
 Reading view
4. Online document Is the use of web-based applications or platforms to create,
processing may include edit, store, share and collaborate on various types of
but is not limited to: documents.
 Online data entry
 File conversion
 Google documents
 E- tasks
5. Online collaboration: These are the online web-based tools and services performed
This may include but  Video conferencing
not limited to:
 Chatting
 Cloud computing
 Social media
 Online calendar
 Mailing

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

23
 Required Skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Communication skills
 Evaluation skills
 Problem solving skills
 Time management
Required Knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Social media
 Online storage
 Online meetings
 Online data entry
 E-tasks

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.
1. Critical Aspects of Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:
Competency 1.1 Created a word document
1.2 Inserted objects
1.3 Performed mail merging
1.4 Created a table of contents
1.5 Created a workbook
1.6 Performed cell referencing
1.7 Created formula and functions
1.8 Generated charts
1.9 Created slides
1.10 Made a presentation
1.11 Created animations and transitions
1.12 Printed a document
1.13 Scanned a document

24
 1.14 Duplicated a document
1.15 Transferred a file online
1.16 Processed a document online
1.17 Performed online collaboration
2. Resource The following resources should be provided:
Implications 2.1 Access to relevant workplace where assessment can take place
2.2 Appropriately simulated environment where assessment can take
place

3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:

Assessment 1.1 Demonstration
1.2 Practical assignment
1.3 Oral Questioning
1.4 Written Test
4. Context of Competency may be assessed:
Assessment
4.1 On-the-job
4.2 In a simulated work environment

5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry sector,
information for workplace and job role is recommended.
assessment

APPLY DISCRETE MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS

25
UNIT CODE: 0541 451 04A

UNIT DESCRIPTION:

This unit covers the competence in applying discrete mathematical concepts. It involves
carrying out set theory operations, performing matrix operations, applying number system,
applying logic gates, performing sequence and series operations, and demonstrating graph
theory.
ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

These describe the key outcomes which make up These are assessable statements which specify the
workplace functions required level of performance for each of the
elements
(Bold and italicized Types of matrices are applied
as per terms are elaborated in the range)
1. Carry out set theory operations 1.1 Characteristics of sets are identified as per
workplace requirements.
1.2 Methods of set representation are applied as
per workplace requirements.
1.3 Cardinality of a set is applied as per workplace
requirements.
1.4 Types of sets are applied as per workplace
requirements.
1.5 Venn Diagrams are applied as per workplace
requirements.
1.6 Set Operations are applied as per workplace
requirements
2. Perform matrix operations 2.1 Matrix order applied as per workplace
requirements.
2.2 Matrix operations are applied as per
workplace requirements.
2.3 Transpose of a matrix is applied as per
workplace requirements.
2.4 Properties of transpose of a matrix are
identified as per workplace requirements.
2.5 Adjoint of a square matrix identified as per
workplace requirements.
2.6 Inverse of a square matrix is identified as per

26
 workplace requirements.
3. Apply number system 3.1 Number systems are identified as per the
mathematical standards
3.2 Number system conversions are performed as
per the conversion procedures
3.3 Number system arithmetic is performed as
per the arithmetic procedures.
3.4 Binary codes are applied based on standard
mathematics procedures
4. Apply logic gates 4.1 Logic gates are identified as per the Digital
Electronics principles
4.2 Logic circuits are illustrated as per the
standard procedures
4.3 Logic circuits are simplified as per the
standard procedures
5. Perform sequence and series operations 5.1 Key terms of sequences are applied as per
workplace requirements.
5.2 Summation of a sequence is applied as per
workplace requirements.
5.3 Arithmetic series is applied as per workplace
requirements
5.4 Geometric series is applied as per workplace
requirements.
6. Demonstrate graph theory 6.1 Key Graph terminologies are applied as per
workplace requirements
6.2 Types of graphs are applied as per workplace
requirements
6.3 Representation of graphs are applied as per
workplace requirements
6.4 Application of graphs are applied as per
workplace requirements.

RANGE

27
This section provides work environment and conditions to which the performance criteria
apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect performance.

Variable Range
1. Characteristics of sets may · Elements
include but is not limited to: · Size
2. Methods of Set · Statement form
representation may include but · Tabular form
is not limited to: · Set builder notation
3. Types of sets may include · Finite Set
but is not limited to: · Infinite Set
· Subset
· Proper Subset
· Universal Set
· Empty or Null
· Equal
· Equivalent Set
· Singleton Set or Unit Set
· Overlapping Set
· Disjoint Set
4. Set operations may include · Set Union and Set Intersection
but is not limited to: · Set Difference/Relative Complement
· Set Complement
· Cartesian Product
5. Types of matrices may · Square
include but is not limited to: · Symmetric
· Skew-symmetric
· Diagonal
· Identity
· Orthogonal
· Involuntary
6. Matrix operations may · Sum of two matrices
include but is not limited to: · Sum of a matrix and a scalar
· Matrix subtraction
· Product of two matrices
· Product of a matrix and a vector
7. Number system may · Decimal
include but is not limited to: · Binary
· Octal
· Hexadecimal

28
 8. Binary codes · ASCII
· BCD
· Non weighted
· Alphanumeric code
· Error detection codes
· Error correcting codes
· Gray code,
· Excess-3
· EBCDIC
9. Key terms used in · Sequence
sequences may include but is · Arithmetic Progression
not limited to: · Geometric Progression
10. Key Graph Terminologies · Node
may include but is not limited · Edge
to: · Adjacency
· Vertex
11. Types of graphs may · Null
include but is not limited to: · Simple
· Multigraph
· Directed graphs
· Undirected
12. Representations of graphs · Adjacency matrix
may include but is not limited · Adjacency list
to:

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required skills

The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:

· Communications (verbal and written);
· Time management;
· Decision making;
· Research;
· Problem solving;

Required knowledge

The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:

29
 · Set Theory
· Matrices
· Relations and Functions
· Recursion
· Sequence and Series
· Graph Theory

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required knowledge and understanding and range.

1. Critical Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

Aspects of 1.1 Applied set operations as per workplace requirements.
Competency
1.2 Performed matrix operations.
1.3 Performed number system conversions as per the
conversion procedures
1.4 Performed number system arithmetic as per the arithmetic
procedures.
1.5 Applied binary codes based on standard mathematics
procedures
1.6 Illustrated logic circuits as per the standard procedures
1.7 Simplified logic circuits as per the standard procedures
1.8 Applied arithmetic series as per workplace requirements.
1.9 Applied geometric series as per workplace requirements.
1.10 Applied application of graphs as per workplace
requirements.
2. Resource The following resources must be provided:
Implications 2.1 Access to relevant workplace where assessment can take
place.
2.2 Appropriately simulated environment where assessment
can take place.
2.3 Resources relevant to the proposed activity or tasks.
3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.1 Portfolio of evidence
3.2 Written tests
3.3 Interviews
3.4 Third party report

30
 3.5 Practical assessment
Competency may be assessed:
4. Context of
4.1 On-the-job
Assessment
4.2 In a simulated work environment
1.1 Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the
5. Guidance
industry sector, workplace and job role is recommended.
information for
assessment

APPLY PROJECT MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES

UNIT CODE: 0688 451 05A

UNIT DESCRIPTION:

31
 This unit covers the competencies required to apply project management principles. It
involves executing project initiation, performing project planning, performing project
monitoring, and performing project closure.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

These describe the key outcomes that make up These are assessable statements which specify the
workplace functions required level of performance for each of the
elements

(Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the

range)

1.1 Project scope is identified as per user

1. Execute project initiation
requirements.
1.2 Project deliverables are determined as per user
requirements.
1.3 Project objectives are identified as per user
requirements as per user requirements.
1.4 Project initiation document (PID) is prepared
as per work procedures.
2. Perform project planning 2.1 Project budget is prepared as per work
requirements.
2.2 Project schedule is determined as per work
deliverables.
2.3 Project resources are allocated as per budget.
2.4 Project work breakdown structures are
determined as per project schedule.
2.5 Project quality plan is prepared as per
workplace procedures.
2.6 Project team is formed as per project
requirements.
2.7 Roles and responsibilities are assigned as per
project requirements.
2.8 Project plan is prepared as per work
procedures.

32
3. Perform project monitoring
3.1 Project costs are tracked as per project budget.
3.2 Project deliverables and objectives are
monitored as per quality standards.
3.3 Project team performance is monitored as per
work plan.
3.4 Project risks are assessed as per quality plan.
3.5 Project risks are managed as per quality plan.

4. Perform project closure 4.1 Project review is performed as a project plan.

4.2 Final project budget is reviewed as per project
plan.
4.3 Detailed project review report is prepared as
per work procedures.

RANGE

This section provides a work environment and conditions to which the performance criteria
apply. It allows for a different work environment and situations that will affect performance.

Variable Range
1. Quality standards may include ● ISO 9001:2015
but are not limited to:

2. Project initiation document ● Comprehensive document that outlines the

(PID) may be defined as:
foundation and key aspects of a project. It
serves as a reference point throughout the
project lifecycle and provides essential
information to stakeholders.

REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS

This section describes the knowledge and skills required for this unit of competency.

Required knowledge

33
 The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
● Collecting project data
● Creating project plan
● Managing project tasks
● Managing project resources
● Manage project team

Required skills

The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:

● Active listening
● Basic ICT skills
● Decision making
● Problem solving skills
● Planning
● Interpersonal skills
● Time management
● Report writing

EVIDENCE GUIDE

This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required knowledge, and skills range.

1. Critical Aspects of Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

Competency
1.1 Executed project initiation
1.2 Performed project planning.
1.3 Performed project monitoring.
1.4 Performed project closure.
2. Resource Implications The following resources must be provided:
2.1 Access to relevant workplace where assessment can
take place.
2.2 Appropriately simulated environment where assessment
can take place.
2.3 Resources relevant to the proposed activity or tasks.
3. Methods of Assessment Competency may be assessed through:

3.1 Portfolio of evidence

3.2 Observation

34
 3.3 Case study
3.4 Projects
3.5 Written tests
3.6 Interviews
3.7 Third party report
3.8 Practical assessment
4. Context of Assessment Competency may be assessed:
4.1 On-the-job
4.2 In a simulated work environment
5. Guidance information 5.1 Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the
for assessment industry sector, workplace and job role is recommended.

35
 APPLY STRUCTURED PROGRAMMING

UNIT CODE: 0613 451 06A

UNIT DESCRIPTION

This unit covers the competencies required to apply structured programming. It involves
applying computer programming basics, writing program code, implementing program logic
and implementing modular programming.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

These describe the key outcomes which make These are assessable statements which specify
up workplace functions the required level of performance for each of
the elements
(Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in
the range)
1. Apply computer programming basics 1.1 Programming language types are identified
according to the user requirements.
1.2 Programming paradigms are applied as per
user requirements.
1.3 Program development life cycle is applied
according to the work requirements.
1.4 Program design tools are applied as per the
user requirements.
2. Write program Code 1.5 Program writing tools are identified
according to the system requirements.
1.6 Identifiers are declared as per program
design specification.
1.7 Initialization of variables and constants is
performed according to program design
specifications.
3. Implement Program logic 2.1 Data types are applied as per program
specification
2.2 Data control structures in a program are
applied as per program design
requirements.
2.3 Data structures in a program are applied as
per program design specifications.
4. Implement modular programming 2.4 Computer program subroutines are created
as per user needs.

36
 2.5 Data structures are applied in subroutines
according to system requirements.
2.6 Computer program debugging is performed
as per work procedures.
2.7 Computer program is compiled as per
system requirements.

RANGE

This section provides a work environment and conditions to which the performance criteria
apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect performance.
Variable Range
1. Programming paradigms may ● Imperative
include but not limited to: ● Functional
● Procedural
● Object-oriented
2. Program design tools may include ● Flow charts
but not limited to: ● Decision tables
● Decision trees
● Pseudocode
● Algorithm
3. Program writing tools may include ● Text editors
but not limited to: ● Compilers Linkers
● Debuggers
● Special Integrated development
Environment (IDE)
4. Identifier may include but not ● Names assigned to different entities such
limited to: as variable, functions and arrays.

5. Data control structures include: ● Selection

● Loops
● Sequence

6. Data structures may include but not ● Arrays

limited to: ● Queue
● Stack
● Linked lists

REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS

37
 This section describes the knowledge and skills required for this unit of competency.

Required knowledge

The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:

 Structured programming principles.
 Object oriented programming principles.
 Techniques of system analysis and design.
 Software development methodologies.
 Program development techniques.
 Software program testing and debugging techniques.

Required skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Communications (verbal and written)
 Proficient in ICT
 Time management
 Problem solving
 Planning
 Decision making
 Report writing

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required knowledge and skills range.
1. Critical aspects of Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:
competency 1.1 Applied program design tools as per the user requirements.
1.2 Created computer program input as per program design.
1.3 Data control structures in a program are applied as per program
design requirements.
1.4 Applied data structures in a program as per program design
specifications.
1.5 Created computer program subroutines as per user needs.
1.6 Coded computer program output as per user requirements.
1.7 Compiled computer program as per system requirements
2. Resource The following resources should be provided:
implications 2.1 Access to relevant workplace where assessment can take place.
2.2 Appropriately simulated environment where assessment can
take place.
2.3 Resources relevant to the proposed activity or tasks.

38
3. Methods of Competency in this unit may be assessed through:
assessment 3.1 Observation
3.2 Portfolio of evidence
3.3 Interviews
3.4 Third party reports
3.5 Written assessment
3.6 Practical assessment
3.7 Projects
4. Context of Competency may be assessed:
assessment 4.1 On-the-job
4.2 In a simulated work environment

5. Guidance 5.1 Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for sector, workplace and job role is recommended.
assessment

39
CORE UNITS OF COMPETENCY

40
 ESTABLISH SOFTWARE SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

UNIT CODE: 0611 451 07A

UNIT DESCRIPTION

This unit covers the competencies required to establish software system requirements. It
involves gathering user requirements, analysing user requirements, and planning application
deliverables.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key outcomes which make up These are assessable statements which specify
workplace functions the required level of performance for each of the
elements
(Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the
range)

1. Gather user requirements 1.1 Key stakeholders are selected as per user
requirements.
1.2 Data collection tools are selected and
prepared as per workplace procedures.
1.3 User requirements data is collected as per
workplace procedures.
2. Analyse user requirements 2.1 System functional requirements are
specified as per user requirements.
2.2 System Non-Functional requirements are
specified as per user requirements.
2.3 User requirements are validated as per user
needs.
2.4 User requirements documents are prepared
as per work procedures and user
requirements.
3. Plan application deliverables 3.1 Software requirements specifications
document is prepared as per workplace
procedures
3.2 Project work plan is created as per tasks
identified.

41
 3.3 Project development agreement document is
prepared.

RANGE

This section provides a work environment and conditions to which the performance criteria
apply. It allows for a different work environment and situations that will affect performance.
Variable Range
1. Stakeholders may include but not 1.1 End-users
limited to: 1.2 Managers
2. Data collection tools may include 2.1 Questionnaire
but not limited to; 2.2 Observation
2.3 Forms
3. System functional requirements 3.1 Tasks the system should perform,
may include but not limited to: 3.2 Processes
3.3 Business rules
4. System Non-Functional 4.1 Performance
requirements may include but not 4.2 Security
limited to:
4.3 Scalability
4.4 Reliability
4.5 Usability
5. User requirements documents may 5.1 Requirements specifications
include but not limited to: 5.2 User stories
5.3 Use case diagrams
5.4 Process flows

REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS

This section describes the knowledge and skills required for this unit of competency.

Required knowledge

The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:

● System analysis and design principles

42
 ● Techniques of system analysis and design
● Software development methodologies
● Program development life cycle
● Project management
● Data collection methods

Required skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
● Communications (verbal and written);
● Proficient in ICT;
● Time management;
● Analytical
● Planning;
● Decision making;
● Report writing;
EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required knowledge and skills range.
1. Critical aspects of 1.1 Selected key stakeholders’ areas per user requirements.
competency 1.2 Selected and prepared data collection tools are as per
workplace procedures.
1.3 Collected user requirements data as per workplace
procedures.
1.4 Specified system functional requirements as per user
requirements.
1.5 Specified system non-functional requirements as per user
requirements.
1.6 Prepared user requirements document as per work
procedures and user requirements.
1.7 Created a project work plan as per tasks identified.
2. Resource The following resources should be provided:
implications 2.1 Access to relevant workplace where assessment can take
place.
2.2 Appropriately simulated environment where assessment
can take place.
2.3 Resources relevant to the proposed activity or tasks.

43
3. Methods of Competency in this unit may be assessed through:
assessment 3.1 Observation
3.2 Oral assessment
3.3 Portfolio of evidence
3.4 Interviews
3.5 Third party report
3.6 Written assessment
3.7 Practical assessment
3.8 Projects
4. Context of Competency may be assessed:
assessment 4.1 On-the-job
4.2 In a simulated work environment
5. Guidance 5.1 Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the
information for industry sector, workplace and job role is recommended.
assessment

44
 OFFER APPLICATION END-USER SUPPORT

UNIT CODE: 0611 451 08A

UNIT DESCRIPTION

This unit covers the competencies required to offer application end- user support. It involves
developing application technical documents, performing application user training, gathering
user feedback and performing application maintenance.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key outcomes which make up These are assessable statements which specify the
workplace functions required level of performance for each of the
elements
(Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the
range)
1. Develop application technical documents 1.1 Application technical Documents are
identified as per system specifications.

1.2 Application technical documents are prepared

as per syste1m specifications.

1.3 Application technical documents are validated

as per system specifications.

2. Perform application user training 2.1 Training needs assessment is carried out as per
user requirements
2.2 Training resources are prepared as per training
needs.
2.3 User training schedule is prepared as per user
needs.
2.4 User training is conducted as per the user
training schedule.
3. Gather user feedback 3.1 Method of gathering user feedback is
identified as per user needs.
3.2 Data collection tools are prepared as per user
needs.
3.3 User Feedback is collected as per workplace

45
 procedures.
3.4 Customer feedback is analysed as per work
procedures.
4. Perform application maintenance 4.1 Technical assistance is carried out as per user
requirements.

4.2 Performance is monitored as per user

requirements.
4.3 Application optimization is performed as per
user requirements.
4.4 Security update is performed as per user
requirements.
4.5 Routine maintenance is performed as per
workplace procedures.
4.6 System update is performed as per user
requirements.

RANGE

This section provides a work environment and conditions to which the performance criteria
apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect performance.
Variable Range
1. Application technical Documents ● Software requirement specification
may include but not limited to: ● Technical design documents
● User interface design document
● Database design document
● Test plan and test case
● Installation and deployment guide
● User manual or user guide
● Api documentation
2. Training resources may include but ● Tutorials
not limited to: ● Frequently asked questions
● Demo videos
● User manuals

46
3. Method of gathering user feedback ● Surveys
may include but not limited to: ● Feedback forms
● Social media monitoring
● Beta tests
● User analytics
4. Data collection tools may include ● Surveys
but not limited to: ● Form builders
● Questionnaires
● Observation

REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS

This section describes the knowledge and skills required for this unit of competency.

Required knowledge

The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:

● Techniques of system analysis and design
● Program development techniques
● System testing debugging methods
● Techniques of system analysis and design
● Documentation processes
● Computer and devices settings
● Principles of management
● Cyber security threats and measures

Required skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
● Communications (verbal and written);
● Proficient in ICT;
● Time management;
● Problem solving
● Planning;
● Interpersonal skills
● Decision making;
● Report writing;

47
 EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required knowledge and skills range.
1. Critical aspects of Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:
competency
1.1 Prepared application technical documents as per system
specifications.
1.2 Carried out training needs assessment as per user requirements.
1.3 Conducted user training as per the user training schedule.
1.4 Prepared data collection tools as per user needs.
1.5 Collected user feedback as per workplace procedures.
1.6 Carried technical assistance out as per user requirements.
1.7 Performed routine maintenance as per workplace procedures.
2. Resource The following resources should be provided:
implications
2.1 Appropriately simulated environment where assessment can
take place.
2.2 Access to relevant work environments where assessment can
take place.
2.3 Resources relevant to the proposed activities or task.

3. Methods of Competency in this unit may be assessed through:

assessment
3.1 Observation
3.2 Oral assessment
3.3 Portfolio of evidence
3.4 Interviews
3.5 Third party reports
3.6 Written assessment
3.7 Practical assessment
3.8 Projects

4. Context of Competency may be assessed:

assessment 4.1 On-the-job
4.2 In a simulated work environment
5. Guidance 5.1 Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for sector and workplace job role is recommended.

48
assessment

49
 MANAGE COMPUTERISED DATABASE SYSTEM

UNIT CODE: 0612 451 09A

UNIT DESCRIPTION

This unit covers the competencies required to manage computerised database system. It
involves designing a database system, creating a database system, manipulating a
computerised database, managing database security and performing database maintenance.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key outcomes which make up These are assessable statements which specify
workplace functions the required level of performance for each of the
elements
(Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the
range)
1. Design database system 1.1 Database design approaches are identified as
per workplace procedures.

1.2 Database design tools are identified

according to user requirements.
1.3 Database structures are determined in
accordance with the database specifications.
1.4 Database design architecture is developed as
per user requirements.
1.5 Database normalisation is carried out as per
application requirements.
1.6 Database model diagrams are created
according to user and application
requirements.
1.7 Database design report is generated as per
workplace procedures.
2. Create database system 2.1 Database management software is identified
as per system requirements.
2.2 Database development environment is
configured as per application requirements.
2.3 Database objects are created as per design
specifications.

50
 2.4 Data attributes are applied as per database
design specifications.
2.5 Data relationships are created as per
database design specifications.
2.6 Workplace safety and health practices are
Observed as per OSHA
2.7 Methods of e-waste storage and disposal are
identified as per OSHA
2.8 E-waste management is demonstrated as per
OSHA
3. Manipulate Computerised Database 3.1 Database business rules are applied as per
user needs.
3.2 Data is inserted to the database as per
business rules.
3.3 Data is retrieved from the database as per
application requirement.
3.4 Data is modified using queries as per
application requirement.
3.5 Data deletion is performed as per user needs.
4. Manage database security 4.1 Database security risks are identified as per
work procedures.
4.2 Database security control measures are
identified as per work procedures.
4.3 Database security control measures are
implemented as per organisation’s policies.
4.4 Database security monitoring and auditing is
carried out as per work procedures.
4.5 Database security documentation is
performed as per work procedures.
4.6 Database users are trained as per work
procedures.
5. Perform database maintenance 5.1 Database maintenance schedule is prepared as
per workplace procedures.
5.2 Database performance is monitored as per
database system requirements.
5.3 Database performance is optimized according

51
 to application requirements
5.4 Database maintenance report is generated as
per work procedures.

RANGE

This section provides a work environment and conditions to which the performance criteria
apply. It allows for a different work environment and situations that will affect performance.
Variable Range
1. Database design approaches may ● Top – down design method
include but not limited to: ● Bottom – up design method
● Centralized design
● Decentralized design
2. Database design architecture tools ● Multi-user DBMS Architectures
may include but not limited to: ● Web Services and Service-Oriented
Architectures
● Distributed DBMSs
3. Database model may include but not ● Record-based model
limited to: ○ Hierarchical models
○ Network Models
○ Relational Models
● Object-based data models
○ Entity-Relationship (ER)
○ Semantic
○ Functional
○ Object-oriented
● Physical data models
○ unifying model and
○ the frame memory
4. Database objects may include but ● Tables
not limited to: ● Constraints
● Indexes
● Triggers

52
 ● Sequences
● Views
● Usage lists
5. Data relationships may include but ● One-To-One,
not limited to: ● One-To-Many
● Many-To-Many

6. Database security risks may include ● SQL Injection Attacks

but not limited to: ● Denial of Service (DoS/DDoS) Attacks
● Poor Permission Management
● Malware infections
● Database Backup Exposures
● Inadequate Auditing
● Unprotected Databases Due to
Misconfiguration
● Credentials
● Unencrypted data
● Overloads, performance constraints and
capacity issues
● Physical damage to database servers
● Design flaws and programming bugs in
databases
7. Database security control measures ● Access control
● Auditing
● Authentication
● Encryption
● Integrity controls
● Backups
● Application security
● Database Security applying Statistical
Method
8. Database users may include but not ● End Users
limited to: ○ Naive users / Parametric users
○ Sophisticated users

53
 ● Application Programmer or Specialized
users or Back-End Developer
● System Analysts
● Database Administrator (DBA)
● Temporary Users or Casual Users

REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS

This section describes the knowledge and skills required for this unit of competency.

Required knowledge

The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:

● Techniques of system analysis and design
● Documentation processes
● Computer and devices settings
● Database management system types
● Data models, attributes and relationships
● Transactions and concurrency mechanisms
● Database design and implementation methods
● Database security features
● Types of database testing
● Principles of management
● Database management system
● Cyber security threats and measures

Required skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
● Communications (verbal and written);
● Proficient in ICT;
● Time management;
● Problem solving;
● Planning;
● Decision making;
● Report writing;

EVIDENCE GUIDE

54
 This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required knowledge and skills range.
1. Critical aspects of Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:
competency 1.1 Created database objects as per design specifications.
1.2 Applied data attributes as per database design specifications.
1.3 Created data relationships as per database design specifications.
1.4 Developed database design architecture as per user
requirements.
1.5 Created database model diagrams according to user and
application requirements.
1.6 Inserted data to the database as per business rules.
1.7 Retrieved data from the database as per application
requirement.
1.8 Modified data using queries as per application requirement.
1.9 Performed data deletion as per user needs.
1.10 Implemented database security control measures as per
organization’s policies.
1.11 Carried out database security monitoring and auditing as
per work procedures.
1.12 Monitored database performance as per database system
requirements.
2. Resource The following resources should be provided:
implications
2.1 Appropriately simulated environment where assessment can
take place.
2.2 Access to relevant work environments where assessment can
take place.
2.3 Resources relevant to the proposed activities or task.

3. Methods of Competency in this unit may be assessed through:

assessment
3.1 Observation
3.2 Oral assessment
3.3 Portfolio of evidence
3.4 Interviews
3.5 Third party reports

55
 3.6 Written assessment
3.7 Practical assessment
3.8 Projects

4. Context of Competency may be assessed:

assessment 4.1 On-the-job
4.2 In a simulated work environment
5. Guidance 5.1 Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for sector and workplace job role is recommended.
assessment

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 CREATE WEB APPLICATION

UNIT CODE: 0613 451 10A

UNIT DESCRIPTION

This unit covers the competencies required to create a web application. It involves, designing
web application, writing web application source code, testing web application, debugging
web application and hosting web application

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key outcomes which make up These are assessable statements which specify the
workplace functions required level of performance for each of the
elements
(Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the
range)
1. Design web application 1.1 Web application design tools are identified as
per user needs.
1.2 Web application functionality is designed as
per user requirements.
1.3 Web application interface design is created as
per user requirements.
1.4 Web application output is designed as per user
requirements.
2. Write web application source code 2.1. User interface is created using user
interface development tools as per interface
design.
2.2. Version control is performed as per work
procedures.
2.3. Functionality and interactivity are
developed using front end functionality tools
as per application requirements.
2.4. Responsive design is implemented as per
work procedure.
2.5. Front end frameworks are utilised as per
user requirements.
2.6. Front end components are integrated with

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 backend APIs as per work procedures.
2.7. Server-side code is created using server-
side coding tools as per application
requirements.
2.8. Back-end frameworks are implemented as
per work procedures.
2.9. Back end is connected to the database
using database tools as per application
requirements.
2.10. Back-end API is created as per application
requirements.
2.11. Workplace safety and health practices are
Observed as per OSHA
2.12. Methods of e-waste storage and disposal
are identified as per OSHA
2.13. E-waste management is demonstrated as
per OSHA
3. Test web application 3.1 Web application testing types is identified as
per user requirements.

3.2 Web application test plan is developed as per

work procedures.
3.3 Web application is tested as per web
application test plan.
3.4 Test report is prepared as per work procedures.

4. Debug web application 4.1 Source code is revised for errors, bugs and
inconsistencies as per design requirements.

4.2 Debugging tools are applied as per application

requirements.
4.3 Regression testing is performed as per
application requirements.
5. Host web application 5.1 Web hosting service provider is identified as
per job requirements.

5.2 Domain is acquired and configured as per

work procedures.
5.3 Web server is configured as per work
procedures.

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 5.4 Web application is deployed using deployment
tools as per work procedures.
5.5 Web security measures are implemented as
per work procedures.
5.6 Web application maintenance and monitoring
are done as per work procedures.

RANGE

This section provides a work environment and conditions to which the performance criteria
apply. It allows for a different work environment and situations that will affect performance.
Variable Range
1. Web application design tools may ● Adobe Illustrator
include but not limited to:
● Adobe XD
● Canva
● Figma
2. User interface development tools ● Text editor
may include but not limited to:
● VS code
● Notepad++
● Artisteer
● Wix
● Bluevoda
● Dreamweaver
● Html
● CSS
● JavaScript
3. Front end frameworks may include ● React
but not limited to:
● Angular
● Vue.js
4. API may include but not limited to: ● web APIs
● Library APIs
● Operating system APIs
● Web socket APIs

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5. Server-side coding tools may ● JavaScript
include but not limited to:
● Python
● Ruby
● PHP
6. Back-end frameworks may include ● Node.js
but not limited to:
● Django(python)
● Ruby
● Laravel
7. database tool may include but not ● MySQL
limited to:
● Access
● Oracle
● Data modeler
● Microsoft Visio
8. Web application testing types may ● Functional testing
include but not limited to:
● Usability testing
● Performance testing
● Security testing
9. Debugging tools may include but ● Integrated development environment
not limited to:
● GDB (GNU Debugger)
● Browser Developer Tools
● Profiling Tools
10. Deployment tool may include but ● GIT
not limited to:
11. Web security measures may ● Firewalls
include but not limited to:
● HTTPS
● Input validation
● Secure authentication and authorization
● Session management

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 REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS

This section describes the knowledge and skills required for this unit of competency.

Required knowledge

The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:

● Project management
● Introduction to programming
● Web programming
● Documentation processes
● Computerised database management
● Computer and devices settings
● System analysis and design
● Version control

Required Skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
● Communications (verbal and written);
● Proficient in ICT;
● Time management;
● Analytical
● Planning;
● Decision making;
● Report writing;

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required knowledge and skills range.
1. Critical aspects of Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:
competency
1.1 Designed web application functionality as per user requirements.
1.2 Designed web application interface as per user requirements.
1.3 Created user interface using user interface development tools as
per interface design.
1.4 Developed functionality and interactivity using front end
functionality tools as per application requirements.
1.5 Created server-side code is using server-side coding tools as per
application requirements.
1.6 Connected back end to the database using database tools as per
application requirements.
1.7 Tested web application as per web application test plan

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 1.8 Applied debugging tools as per application requirements.
1.9 Deployed web application using deployment tools as per work
procedures.
1.10 Implemented web security measures as per work procedures.
2. Resource The following resources should be provided:
implications 2.1 Access to relevant workplace where assessment can take place.
2.2 Appropriately simulated environment where assessment can take
place.
2.3 Resources relevant to the proposed activity or tasks.
3. Methods of Competency in this unit may be assessed through:
assessment 3.1 Observation
3.2 Oral assessment
3.3 Portfolio of evidence
3.4 Interviews
3.5 Third party report
3.6 Written assessment
3.7 Practical assessment
3.8 Projects
4. Context of Competency may be assessed:
assessment 4.1 On-the-job
4.2 In a simulated work environment
5. Guidance 5.1 Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry sector,
information for workplace and job role is recommended.
assessment

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